Strand Structure Research Articles

Finite element study on the mechanism of the influence of pretension force and block strength on the shear resistance of the anchor cable with C-shaped tube

To prevent the early breakage of anchor cables under shear loads in support engineering, a combined structure of Anchor Cable with C-shaped Tube (ACC) has been proposed. The shear resistance enhancement mechanism of this structure and the mechanisms of various influencing factors have yet to be fully revealed. A refined nonlinear finite element model of ACC was original established using ABAQUS software, taking into account the actual structure of the steel strands and the interactions, such as contact and failure between the various components. Various anchor cable pretension forces and block strengths were set to investigate their effects on the shear mechanical response of ACC. The results successfully demonstrated a high correlation between peak shear load and pretension force. The results demonstrate that an increase in pretension force reduces the ACC’s peak shear load and break displacement. Additionally, the structure exhibited higher flexural stiffness, the block strength was mobilized earlier, and the block failed locally more quickly. Under high pretension forces, the system exhibited higher shear stiffness in the early stages of shearing due to the influence of the axial force component. With low pretension forces, the ACC exhibited a larger break displacement due to the minor tensile deformation at the shear plane position for the same shear displacement. At low pretension forces, the structure’s bending angle increased more rapidly during the middle and later stages of shearing, accompanied by a larger break displacement. Both of these factors led to a greater bending angle at the shear plane position at the point of failure. The results reveal the characteristic of the peak shear load initially increasing and then decreasing with the increase in test block strength, along with its underlying mechanism. As the block strength increased, the bending angle of the structure at the shear plane position increased more rapidly, resulting in higher shear stiffness. With high block strength, the combination of smaller break displacement and greater shear stiffness led to an initial increase followed by a decrease in peak shear load. A comprehensive RSSB (Relative Stiffness between Structure and Test Block) that considers both structural and test block stiffness was proposed. The deformation pattern of the structure was controlled by the RSSB. The higher the RSSB, the wider the plastic hinge extension range for the same shear displacement, the smaller the bending angle at the shear plane position, and the smaller the maximum curvature of the structure. The contact force of the C-shaped tube generally exhibited a “single peak” distribution. As the shear displacement increased, the peak position of the contact force moved away from the shear plane, and the maximum contact force increased rapidly and remained relatively stable. At the end of the shearing process, the contact force of the C-shaped tube exhibited a “double peak” distribution.

Computational Analysis of Dinucleoside Monophosphates: Comparing Structural Properties of Analogous Strands of Deoxyribonucleic Acids and Ribonucleic Acids Using Quantum Density Functional Calculations

The objective of this experiment was to determine the relative stabilities of dinucleoside monophosphates using density functional theory calculations. The calculations performed used Gaussian16 density functionals (Frisch et al., 2014) and Schrödinger’s equation to determine the optimal structure of single strands of two-base long deoxyribonucleic acids and their analogous ribonucleic acids. The strands looked at were composed of, respectively, deoxyadenosine-deoxycytidine, and deoxyguanosine-deoxythymidine for the DNA strands. The RNA strands were composed of, respectively, adenosine-cytosine, guanine-uracil, and guanine-thymine. The Hartree-Fock energies of the DNA AC and GT strands as well as those of the RNA AC, GT, and GU strands respectively were of -9.5672 x10-15 J, -1.0153 x10-14 J, -1.0223 x10-14 J, -1.0809 x10-14 J, and -1.0638 x10-14 J. Each of these were determined using Gaussian16 with the wB97X-D/6-31+G(d,p) model and tabulated using AIMAll (AIMSum, 2019). These values show that the RNA strands are more stable than the DNA strands with the adenosine-containing strands being the least stable in both the DNA and RNA forms respectively.

Mechanisms conferring bacterial cell wall variability and adaptivity.

The bacterial cell wall, a sophisticated and dynamic structure predominantly composed of peptidoglycan (PG), plays a pivotal role in bacterial survival and adaptation. Bacteria actively modify their cell walls by editing PG components in response to environmental challenges. Diverse variations in peptide composition, cross-linking patterns, and glycan strand structures empower bacteria to resist antibiotics, evade host immune detection, and adapt to dynamic environments. This review comprehensively summarizes the most common modifications reported to date and their associated adaptive role and further highlights how regulation of PG synthesis and turnover provides resilience to cell lysis.

Understanding the relationship between sequences and kinetics of DNA strand displacements.

Precisely modulating the kinetics of toehold-mediated DNA strand displacements (TMSD) is essential for its application in DNA nanotechnology. The sequence in the toehold region significantly influences the kinetics of TMSD. However, due to the large sample space resulting from various arrangements of base sequences and the resulted complex secondary structures, such a correlation is not intuitive. Herein, machine learning was employed to reveal the relationship between the kinetics of TMSD and the toehold sequence as well as the correlated secondary structure of invader strands. Key factors that influence the rate constant of TMSD were identified, such as the number of free hydrogen bonding sites in the invader, the number of free bases in the toehold, and the number of hydrogen bonds in intermediates. Moreover, a predictive model was constructed, which successfully achieved semi-quantitative prediction of rate constants of TMSD even with subtle distinctions in toehold sequence.

An overview of power loss calculation methods for high-frequency litz wires

Accurate calculation of power losses has always been important for the design and optimization of magnetic components consisting of windings and magnetic cores, such as inductors and transformers. Focusing on windings, litz wire outperforms its counterparts in terms of eddy current losses, making it particularly suitable for high-frequency (HF) applications. The power loss calculation of litz wire is however challenging due to its complex structure of thin strands twisted in multiple levels. This article therefore aims to review various kinds of litz wire power loss calculation methods from analytical methods, numerical methods to coupling ones. In addition to, the principles and applications of each method, their inherent correlation and differences are also highlighted in this article. On this basis, a comprehensive review and comparison of different calculation methods of litz-wire power loss are provided. Finally, future challenges and directions are then summarized, whose ultimate goal is to calculate the power loss of litz wire accurately and efficiently.

Peptide Sequence Variations Govern Hydrogel Stiffness: Insights from a Multi-Scale Structural Analysis of H-FQFQFK-NH2 Peptide Derivatives.

Throughout the past decades, amphipathic peptide-based hydrogels have proven to be promising materials for biomedical applications. Amphipathic peptides are known to adopt β-sheet configurations that self-assemble into fibers that then interact to form a hydrogel network. A fundamental understanding of how the peptide sequence alters the structural properties of the hydrogels would allow for a more rational design of novel peptides for a variety of biomedical applications in the future. Therefore, the current work investigates how changing the type of amino acid, the amphipathic pattern, and the peptide length affects the secondary structure, fiber characteristics, and stiffness of peptide-based hydrogels. Hereto, seven amphipathic peptides of different sequence and length, four of which have not been previously reported, based on and including the hexapeptide H-Phe-Gln-Phe-Gln-Phe-Lys-NH2, are synthesized and thoroughly characterized by circular dichroism (CD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS), Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Thioflavin T (ThT) fibrillization assays. The results show that a high amount of regularly spaced β-sheets, a high amount of fibers, and fiber bundling contribute to the stiffness of the hydrogel. Furthermore, a study of the time-dependent fibril formation process reveals complex transient dynamics. The peptide strands structure through an intermediate helical state prior to β-sheet formation, which is found to be concentration- andtime-dependent.

Design study of superconducting coil system for JA DEMO

A fusion demonstration (DEMO) reactor requires toroidal field (TF) coils larger than those used in ITER and can withstand higher electromagnetic forces. This creates significant challenges regarding the manufacturability of the TF coils, the increased electromagnetic forces on the TF inner leg case, and increased fabrication costs. This means that new winding pack designs and superconducting conductors must be designed to meet these requirements, and high-strength cryogenic steel for the coil case must be developed to withstand electromagnetic forces. This paper describes these possible solutions based on the Japanese DEMO (JA DEMO) design. In the layered winding of rectangular conductors, it was found that a new conductor geometry called the hybrid R-shape conductor can significantly reduce the stress on the turn insulation while reducing the superconducting wire to less than half. In addition, a guideline for designing the conductor strand structure was provided for a superconducting conductor subjected to electromagnetic forces 1.5 times greater than those of ITER. Furthermore, the effect of composition on strength was evaluated using several prototype materials based on high-Cr austenitic steels, and the feasibility of increasing the strength of cryogenic steels was confirmed.

Physicochemical, textural, and microstructural properties of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed tofu as affected by coagulant types and concentrations

Hard tofu was developed from kenaf seed, and the effects of coagulant types and concentrations on the physicochemical, textural, and microstructural properties of the tofu were studied. Glucono delta-lactone (GDL), CH3COOH, MgCl2, and CaSO4 were the coagulants used at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 g% (w/v). Kenaf seed milky extract was obtained from the seed soaked at 65°C for 2 h 40 min, and ground using 1:6 seed-to-water ratio. The extracted milky extract was cooked to 95°C for 3 min, cooled to 80°C, and then coagulated with appropriate coagulant concentration. The yield, physicochemical, texture, and microstructure of the tofu were examined. The results indicated that the yield and moisture content of the tofu were not significantly affected by coagulant types and concentrations. Coagulant types affected the crude protein, crude fat, and surface colour of the tofu. GDL-coagulated tofu had significantly higher crude protein (35.09 - 39.07 g/100 g), while MgCl2-coagulated tofu had significantly higher crude fat (59.64 - 63.15 g/100 g). The hardness, chewiness, and springiness of the tofu were affected by the coagulant types and concentrations. CH3COOH-coagulated tofu had significantly higher hardness (2490.1 - 4005.8 g), while MgCl2-coagulated tofu had significantly lower hardness (814.45 - 2009.9 g). Scanning electron microscopy of all the tofu showed a rough-like structure of denser aggregated proteins with large pores, except for the tofu made with 0.25 g% (w/v) which exhibited a pseudo-honey-like structure of compacted network strands. It was concluded that all the coagulants at 0.25 g% (w/v) were suitable to produce kenaf seed tofu.

A simple Label-Free aptasensor for acrylamide monitoring using a Four-Way arm junction structure of DNA strands

Herein, a sensitive and simple tag-free aptasensor was employed for acrylamide determination via the fluorescent dye SYBR Green I (SGI) with the role of signal indicator. The foundation of this platform was built upon the establishment of a four-way junction structure, which resulted from the hybridization between terminus regions of aptamer and complementary (CP) strands. The preferential interaction of the aptamer sequence with acrylamide led to the disintegration of the four-way junction structure into the single strands, and consequently, a significant decrease in the output fluorescence signal. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed aptasensor was shown to detect acrylamide, with low detection limit (LOD) of 0.28 μmol/L in the linear dynamic range of 1 to 60 μmol/L with high selectivity. The aptasensor possesses remarkable proficiency in detecting acrylamide levels within coffee samples, rendering it as a highly effective tool for ensuring the safety and quality control of food products.

Molecular circuit for exponentiation based on the domain coding strategy.

DNA strand displacement (DSD) is an efficient technology for constructing molecular circuits. However, system computing speed and the scale of logical gate circuits remain a huge challenge. In this paper, a new method of coding DNA domains is proposed to carry out logic computation. The structure of DNA strands is designed regularly, and the rules of domain coding are described. Based on this, multiple-input and one-output logic computing modules are built, which are the basic components forming digital circuits. If the module has n inputs, it can implement 2n logic functions, which reduces the difficulty of designing and simplifies the structure of molecular logic circuits. In order to verify the superiority of this method for developing large-scale complex circuits, the square root and exponentiation molecular circuits are built. Under the same experimental conditions, compared with the dual-track circuits, the simulation results show that the molecular circuits designed based on the domain coding strategy have faster response time, simpler circuit structure, and better parallelism and scalability. The method of forming digital circuits based on domain coding provides a more effective way to realize intricate molecular control systems and promotes the development of DNA computing.

Microwave absorption behaviour of novel rib cage structured piper betel leaves: Effect of drying and sintering processes

This paper focuses on a simple and cost−effective technique to explore the impact of the drying and sintering process on the microwave absorption behavior of piper betel leaves. The microwave absorption behavior of dried leaves and leaves sintered at 800 ℃ for 3 h was examined. X − Ray Diffraction (XRD) study confirms the presence of elemental composites such as sucrose, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the dried sample, while sintered betel powder exhibited crystalline phases of CaSiO5, SiO2, Mg2P2O7, CaO, KPO3, Na2K(P3O9) K2CO3, and CaCO3. Microstructure study showed a unique rib cage and nanorod strand structure in the dried leaves and a porous structure in the sintered leaves. Spectroscopy analysis confirmed the occurrence of chemical composites in both dried and sintered betel leaves. The optical band gap of the sintered and dried leaves was 2.7 and 2 eV, respectively. Dielectric loss and loss mechanism in the betel leaf were studied using the DAK 3.5 kit. Results of the microwave absorption studies revealed that dried betel leaves with a thickness of 9 mm exhibited a high Reflection Loss (RLmax) of − 22.69 dB at 11.37 GHz. Also, the same thickness has an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.69 GHz, 87.8% of the X band frequency. On the other hand, sintered betel leaves with a thickness of 9 mm have a reflection loss (RLmax) of − 48.57 dB at 10.52 GHz, with an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 2.88 GHz, covering 68.5% of the X band frequency.

Formation and Dynamics in an Observed Preeruptive Filament

The formation of filaments/prominences is still a debated topic. Many different processes have been proposed: levitation, injection of cool plasma, merging filaments, and cooling plasma in hot loops. We take the opportunity to make a multiwavelength analysis of the formation of an active-region filament, combining several UV and EUV observations including the new Ne vii 465 Å filtergrams provided by the Solar Upper Transition Region Imager on board the Space Advanced Technology satellite. The filament is mainly observed at the limb for 3 hr. It is progressively formed through a series of stages, including emergence and cooling of hot loops, reconnection between small filaments, material transfer in a large filament channel, and reconnection between filaments and emerged hot loops. From the observations at 465 Å, we find that the new-formed filaments show bright structures as in 304 Å, while the long-lived stable filaments display dark morphology as in 211 Å. This suggests that the plasma around 0.5 MK would be an essential component of new-formed filaments and the material temperature in filaments would be variable during their evolution. The filament formed by the recombination of two filaments and an emerged hot loop finally erupts. After reconnection, the final filament shows a highly twisted structure of both bright and dark strands, which is surrounded by several weak and dispersive looplike structures. This eruptive filament has a complex multichannel topology and covers a wide range of temperatures.

FFT-Based Approach for the Mechanical Analysis of Superconducting Rutherford-Type Cables

Low-temperature superconductors are widely used in high field accelerator magnets, mostly within Rutherford type cables. We have proposed the “CoCaSCOPE” approach in order to build a numerical model of impregnated low-temperature Nb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Sn superconducting Rutherford-type cables dedicated to mechanical computation. Here the strand structure is described as a bi-metallic material: a copper core, a superconducting bundle region and an outer copper ring. In this paper, we explore the use of the distributed solver AMITEX_FFTP based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The main interest of this method is to reduce the simulation time. This approach is investigated for structures with linear material behavior in this paper. This work compares the results from the FFT approach (using AMITEX) and from the 3D Finite Elements approach (using Cast3M). In this way, we can demonstrate the higher performances of FFT-based solving method compared to the finite elements method for multi-scale structure such as Rutherford-type cables in terms of computation time. With this approach, we can reduce the computation time or, alternatively, increase the size of our models in order to analyze the behavior of a macroscale model under mechanical solicitation.

Molecular simulation of polymer gels synthesized by free radical copolymerization: Effects of concentrations and reaction rates on structure and mechanical properties

The effects of polymerization concentrations and elementary reaction rates on the network structure and mechanical properties of gels synthesized by free radical copolymerization of monomers and cross-linkers are studied by a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. The shear modulus, the number of elastically effective chains, and the number of trapped entanglements are calculated with varying the concentrations. The results reveal that the experimentally reported high cross-linking efficiency of the gels formed at high monomer concentrations and low cross-linker concentrations is due to the large number of trapped entanglements. The molecular mechanisms of changes in the network structure due to changes in the concentrations are elucidated by analyzing the detailed structure of network strands connecting adjacent cross-linking points. The results with systematically varying the elementary reaction rates indicate that the decrease in the propagation rate suppresses the formation of cyclic structures and reduces the influence of the trapped entanglements, i.e., improves the structural uniformity of the gels.

A novel process to produce stratified structures in food

A method to create stratified structures with static mixing elements initially developed for the plastic polymer industry is investigated here as a new route for structuring food dispersions. Food dispersions of different viscosities were structured with static mixing elements to investigate the potential of the method for foods. Differently coloured chocolates were used as the model products. The viscosity of the chocolate was controlled through the addition of pea fibre. The first step was the formation of 2–8 layers, with the two differently coloured chocolates. Then, the chocolate dispersions were layered into 256 layers with an approximate layer thickness of 60 μm. Layer formation was facilitated when using similar paste viscosity and when slip was induced through wall coating with vegetable oil. Uniaxial cutting tests of the layered chocolate indicated that layering resulted in different mechanical properties, parallel and perpendicular to the layers. Fibre orientation in the direction of flow was observed, resulting in the potential to induce anisotropy, additional to the layers. The higher viscous dispersions, wheat dough and melt cheese, could also be structured into layers, although the force constraints of the experimental set-up were reached. Mid-stream additions were added to produce strand structures instead of layers, resulting in higher hierarchy structures but less uniformity.

IMPROVED DESIGN OF SINGLE-LAYERED WIRE STRAND FOR COMBINED TENSILE AND CRIMPING APPLICATION WITH MESHING OPTIMIZATION

Faced with increasing competition in the global automotive market, reducing costs and design time has become a major focus of development among manufacturers. Faced with these needs, the numerical simulation of shaping processes has become an essential tool. It saves considerable time in the upstream phase of a project by reducing the number of experimental campaigns on prototypes. The studied mechanical system consists mainly in a part crimping at one end of a multi-stranded wire rope, which is stressed in tension. In order to reduce calculation time, it is important to get the optimal meshing parameters which provide a high accuracy. In this paper, a numerical model of a single layered wire rope is studied. The objective is to determine the optimal size and shape of meshing elements to get both accurate and fast results. First of all, the wire strand is investigated in tension and compared with the analytical formulation by G.Costello. Then, the organized wire strand is investigated in crimping process. The process reveals an optimal solution for wire strand structure with a 95% reduction of computation time without losing accuracy. This model is then used to simulate the behavior of a strand in one of the first-ever combined crimping-tensile test in order to obtain a minimal crimping length. This work can be very important for designers to reduce considerably the calculation time of their numerical models while guarantying a great accuracy in the mechanical behavior of a wire rope. Keywords: Wire rope, Finite element simulation, meshing process, Optimization, Mesh elements parameters optimization, Single-layered wire strand numerical model, Wire strand optimal mesh parameters, Wire rope crimping simulation, Tensile stressed wire strand

On propagation characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves in helical strands

Steel strands have been widely used in industrial fields as a reliable load-bearing component. Under the influence of environmental erosion and fatigue stress, different types of damage, such as corrosion and fracture, will occur in the in-service steel strands, which will cause unpredictable loss of personnel and property. Ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology has become an ideal testing method for long-distance metal structures in recent years due to the advantages of long detection distance and high efficiency. The detection effect of ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology largely depends on the propagation characteristics of the selected guided wave modes. However, due to the influence of the helical structure of the steel strands and the contact between the wires, the propagation characteristics of the guided waves in the steel strands are very complicated. In this paper, a method for analyzing the dispersion characteristics of steel strands based on the Floquet boundary conditions (Floquet BCs) is proposed. The essence of this method is the mutual transformation principle of wave solution and vibration solution. To adapt to the helical structure of steel strands, this paper proposes a helical coordinate system and twisted coordinate system and deduces the corresponding wavenumber conversion formula. The results of Floquet BCs are consistent with the semi-analytical finite element method and sweep frequency finite element modeling method, which proves the correctness of the Floquet BC method from both theoretical and experimental perspectives. This paper provides a new idea for analyzing the dispersion characteristics of complex waveguides such as steel strands.

Non-canonical base pairing

Non-canonical base pairs are planar hydrogen-bonded pairs of nucleobases, having hydrogen bonding patterns which differ from the patterns observed in Watson-Crick base pairs, as in the classic double-helical DNA. The structures of polynucleotide strands of both DNA and RNA molecules can be understood in terms of sugar-phosphate backbones consisting of phosphodiester-linked D 2’ deoxyribofuranose (D ribofuranose in RNA) sugar moieties, with purine or pyrimidine nucleobases covalently linked to them. Here, the N9 atoms of the purines, guanine and adenine, and the N1 atoms of the pyrimidines, cytosine and thymine (uracil in RNA), respectively, form glycosidic linkages with the C1’ atom of the sugars. These nucleobases can be schematically represented as triangles with one of their vertices linked to the sugar, and the three sides accounting for three edges through which they can form hydrogen bonds with other moieties, including with other nucleobases. As also explained in greater detail later in this article, the side opposite to the sugar-linked vertex is traditionally called the Watson-Crick edge, since they are involved in forming the Watson-Crick base pairs which constitute building blocks of double-helical DNA. The two sides adjacent to the sugar-linked vertex are referred to, respectively, as the Sugar and Hoogsteen (C-H for pyrimidines) edges. Each of the four different nucleobases is characterized by distinct edge-specific distribution patterns of their respective hydrogen bond donor and acceptor atoms, complementarity with which, in turn, define the hydrogen bonding patterns involved in base pairing. The double helical structures of DNA or RNA are generally known to have base pairs between complementary bases, Adenine: Thymine (Adenine: Uracil in RNA) or Guanine: Cytosine. They involve specific hydrogen bonding patterns corresponding to their respective Watson-Crick edges and are considered Canonical Base Pairs. At the same time, the helically twisted backbones in the double helical duplex DNA form two grooves, major and minor, through which the hydrogen bond donor and acceptor atoms corresponding respectively to the Hoogsteen and sugar edges are accessible for additional potential molecular recognition events. Experimental evidence reveals that the nucleotide bases are also capable of forming a wide variety of pairing between bases in various geometries, having hydrogen bonding patterns different from those observed in Canonical Base Pairs [Figure 1]. These base pairs, which are generally referred to as Non-Canonical Base Pairs, are held together by multiple hydrogen bonds and are mostly planar and stable. Most of these play very important roles in shaping the structure and function of different functional RNA molecules. In addition to their occurrences in several double-stranded stem regions, most of the loops and bulges that appear in single-stranded RNA secondary structures form recurrent 3D motifs, where non-canonical base pairs play a central role. Non-canonical base pairs also play crucial roles in mediating the tertiary contacts in RNA 3D structures.

Photo-Ordering and Deformation in Azobenzene-Containing Polymer Networks under Irradiation with Elliptically Polarized Light

Azobenzene-containing polymers (azo-polymers) have been a subject of extensive investigations during the last two and half decades, due to their remarkable ability to undergo pronounced alignment and deformation under irradiation with light. The molecular ordering and deformation in azo-polymers of various structures under irradiation with linearly polarized light was described in a series of theoretical works, based on the effect of the reorientation of azobenzene moieties due to the anisotropic character of the photoisomerization processes. In the present study, we generalize the previous orientation approach to describe the photo-alignment and deformation of azo-polymer networks under irradiation with elliptically polarized light. We demonstrate that, in general, the light-induced ordering and deformation have a biaxial symmetry defined by the polarization ellipse. Azobenzene chromophores have a tendency to align along the direction of light propagation, the orientation in the other two directions being dependent of the aspect ratio of the polarization ellipse. This causes deformation of azo-polymer networks along the direction of light propagation, the sign of which (expansion/contraction) is defined by a chemical structure of network strands. Theoretical results are in agreement with experiments and have a practical importance to predict the photo-mechanical response of azo-polymers depending on their structure and on the polarization of light.

In vitro digestibility of proteins, peptidomic analysis and antioxidant ability of sodium-reduced pork sausage with partial substitution of NaCl by KCl

High salt (NaCl) consumption can impact on human health, and KCl is the most widely used replacement salt in meat products. This study investigated the effects of 0% NaCl (NS), 3% NaCl (HS), 1.95% NaCl (RS), 1.95% NaCl+1.05% KCl (RS + K) on protein digestibility of pork sausage in vitro. The results indicated that RS + K showed the highest gastrointestinal digestibility (GID) because of the structure of looser cross-linked strands and uniform cavities, while HS exhibited the lowest GID. RS + K released more peptides (2499) during gastrointestinal than NS (2301), RS (2130) and HS (2235), with a higher proportion of peptides with molecular weights <1000 Da, and more unique peptides. Meanwhile, the digestion product of RS + K exhibited excellent radical scavenging activity and improved the antioxidant abilities to reduce oxidative injury which was induced by H2O2 in HepG2 cells. These results demonstrated that partial substitution with KCl can be an effective strategy for improving the digestibility of sodium-reduced gel-type meat products.