Partnership Structure Research Articles

Exploring the Ecological Structure of Agricultural Industry School Partnership Systems in the Gippsland Region, Australia

This paper aims to explore the structure of agricultural industry school partnerships (ISPs) by applying Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory to partnerships delivered in Gippsland, Australia. Agricultural ISPs are one potential setting for industry-relevant learning and career education to occur. This may assist in alleviating agricultural workforce shortages and addressing educational issues related to student career outcomes. A mixed methods case study methodology was employed, with data analyzed through frequency counts and Braun and Clarke’s method of thematic analysis. Surveys (n = 111) and semi-structured interviews (n = 57 pre-participation, n = 68 post-participation) were used with educators (n = 56) and industry participants (n = 62) from ISPs delivered through CQUniversity Australia’s Raising Aspirations in Careers and Education—Gippsland project from 2021–2023. This research finds that the agricultural ISPs studied function as interdependent ecological systems. The facilitator played a crucial role in delivering the ISPs, including connecting educators and industry partners. The study is limited by the number of agricultural ISPs explored and by only collecting data from two stakeholders within the system. However, these findings contribute to a greater understanding of the complex structure of agricultural ISPs, which can help those creating ISPs to consider and understand all stakeholders’ needs. Exploring ISPs as ecological systems also provides a lens to approach research improving similar educational practices. Further research could deepen our understanding of these systems.

Persekutuan Perdata Notaris Ditinjau dari Prinsip Kemandirian dan Prinsip Kerahasiaan pada Jabatan Notaris

The establishment of a civil partnership among notaries, governed by Article 20 of Law No. 2 of 2014 amending Law No. 30 of 2004 on Notary Position, introduces new dynamics to notarial principles, particularly the principles of independence and confidentiality outlined in Article 16 of the same law. This development raises concerns about potential disharmony, as forming a Notary Association could compromise notarial independence. When multiple notaries operate within one association, they may find it challenging to maintain the requisite impartiality and confidentiality specified by law. Upon analyzing these issues, several conclusions emerge. Firstly, the regulations governing notary civil partnerships appear sufficient and compatible with the core principles of notarial practice. Notaries are obligated to conduct themselves professionally, adhering strictly to legal statutes and the ethical code of notaries, which stress independence and confidentiality. Hence, while engaging in civil partnerships as permitted by Article 20, notaries must uphold these moral and legal standards, ensuring their activities remain in alignment with the law and ethical guidelines. Secondly, the formation of notary civil partnerships has implications for maintaining the principles of independence and confidentiality. The essence of a notary's independence as a public officer is critical, encompassing structural, functional, and financial independence. Any association among notaries could potentially undermine these fundamental principles, as notaries may face challenges in preserving their autonomy and impartiality when operating within a partnership structure. The legal framework stipulating notarial responsibilities emphasizes the necessity for notaries to operate independently, free from external influences. In summary, while Article 20 allows for notarial civil partnerships aimed at enhancing service delivery to the public, it necessitates careful adherence to the principles of independence and confidentiality integral to notarial duties. The challenge lies in balancing the benefits of collaboration with the imperative of maintaining the integrity and autonomy of the notarial function as prescribed by law.

Partnership Disparity and Audit Quality

This study explores the effects of partnership disparity within Chinese audit firms on audit quality using novel data on their partnership arrangements. The results indicate a U-shaped relationship between the partnership disparity extent and the violations assessed by regulators, including financial misstatements of clients. Audit firms with mid-level unequal partnership structures achieve superior audit quality than their counterparts with either “flat” or “high-skewed” partnership structures. Additional analyses confirm the role of client complexity as the boundary condition and indicate that the geographical remoteness of audit firms asymmetrically moderates partnership disparity. These results are robust to different audit quality proxies and alternative research designs including change analyses and after controlling for the effects of engagement partners. This study contributes to research on diversity and performance in the partnership context. This approach opens the “black box” of power-related culture in audit firms and carries managerial implications for the managing partners and audit regulators of audit firms.

Development and evolution of clinical partnerships: K-12 school leaders' perspectives

PurposeThe purpose of this research study was to examine school leaders’ critical perspectives about the nature of their partnerships with K-12 schools and two Educator Preparation Programs (EPP).Design/methodology/approachData were collected through interviews with K-12 school leaders to obtain partners’ critical perspectives about school–EPP partnerships. The interviews were coded thematically and oriented around the central concept of working to represent the interplay of the participants and their collaborators’ perceptions of the nature and dimensions of school–EPP partnerships.FindingsThe analysis resulted in the construction of a mosaic of school leaders’ collective lived experiences using a statewide conceptual framework as a guide. Four themes emerged from our interviews with school partners: (a) the need for dynamic, responsive and synergistic partnerships; (b) the need to monitor and maintain the underlying structure and integrity of the partnership; (c) the culture of interns as colleagues or as visitors; and (d) the need to innovate.Originality/valueFour themes emerged from our interviews with school partners: (1) the need for dynamic, responsive and synergistic partnerships; (2) the need to monitor and maintain the underlying structure and integrity of partnerships; (3) the culture of interns as colleagues or interns as visitors; and (4) the need to innovate.

Trust-building in temporary public health partnerships: a qualitative study of the partnership formation process of a Covid-19 test, trace and protect service

BackgroundPublic health initiatives require coordinated efforts from healthcare, social services and other service providers. Organisational theory tells us that trust is essential for reaching collaborative effectiveness. This paper explores the drivers for initiating and sustaining trust in a temporary public health partnership, in response to a sudden health threat.MethodsThis qualitative study analysed the formation process of a multisector partnership for a Covid-19 contact tracing service. Data was collected through 12 interviews, two focus groups, one feedback workshop, and an online survey with workforce members from all seven partner organisations. Purposive maximum variation sampling was used to capture the reflections and experiences of workforce members from all seven partner organisations. A deductive code scheme was used to identify drivers for building and sustaining trust in inter-organisational collaboration.ResultsRelational mechanisms emanating from the commitment to the common aim, shared norms and values, and partnership structures affected trust-building. Shared values and the commitment to the common aim appeared to channel partners’ behaviour when interacting, resulting in being perceived as a fair, reliable and supportive partner. Shared values were congruent with the design of the partnership in terms of governance structure and communication lines reflecting flat hierarchies and shared decision-making power. Tensions between partner organisations arose when shared values were infringed.ConclusionsWhen managing trust in a collaboration, partners should consider structural components like governance structure, organisational hierarchy, and communication channels to ensure equal power distribution. Job rotation, recruitment of candidates with the desired personality traits and attitudes, as well as training and development, encourage inter-organisational networking among employees, which is essential for building and strengthening relationships with partner organisations. Partners should also be aware of managing relational dynamics, channelling behaviours through shared values, objectives and priorities and fostering mutual support and equality among partner organisations.

Partnership Perception and Practices of Turkish Businessmen in Türkiye and Germany: A Comparative Analysis

In this study, it is aimed to contribute to the existing literature by conducting empirical research on the partnerships established by Turkish individuals living in both Türkiye and Germany. The goal is to highlight the similarities and differences in the partnership dynamics among members of the same nation, albeit in different countries. We evaluate these commonalities and disparities within several thematic dimensions, including decision-making processes within partnerships, distribution of shares, rationales behind partnership establishment, assignment of responsibilities, and perspectives regarding partnership structures.

Empirical Evidence of Inbound Open Innovation Practice by Ghanaian SMEs

Inbound open innovation (IOI) is credited with high productivity in businesses. However, this is marred by resource and structural constraints in Ghanaian SMEs. Therefore, this study explores the odds of Ghanaian SMEs engaging in inbound open innovation given SMEs characteristics and IOI collaboration modes. Further, we examine the mediating effect of SMEs’ CEO characteristics in increasing or decreasing these odds. Using a sample of 657 registered SMEs’ of the Association of Ghanaian Industries, the survey data is estimated with a stepwise logistic regression model to show the multiplicative effects of the variables. The results show that the odds of engaging in inbound open innovation is higher for; SMEs located in urban areas, SMEs with partnership or company ownership structure, SMEs with research and development departments, SMEs not collaborating with universities, manufacturing SMEs, and SMEs that are relatively bigger in size. Further, these odds increase when the characteristics of CEOs of the sampled SMEs are accounted for in the model. Thus, the characteristics and traits of CEOs are only useful given the right resources and environment. Relying on the major (main) outcomes of the study further feasible suggestions are recommended.

Power imbalances and equity in the day-to-day functioning of a north plus multi-south higher education institutions partnership: a case study

BackgroundPartnerships between Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the global north and south have commonly been used as a vehicle to drive global health research and initiatives. Among these initiatives, include health system strengthening, research capacity building, and human resource training in developing countries. However, the partnership functioning of many global north-south partnerships still carry legacies of colonialism through unrecognized behavior patterns, attitudes, and belief systems in how they function. Even with research literature calling for a shift from equality to equity in the functioning of these partnerships, many still struggle with issues of complex and unspoken power dynamics. To understand the successes and challenges of north-south partnerships, this paper explored partnership development and functioning of a northern and multi-southern HEIs partnership focused on nutrition education and research.MethodsA qualitative research approach was used; data were collected through in-depth interviews (IDIs) with questions developed from the Bergen Model of Collective Functioning (BMCF). Thirteen IDIs were conducted with partners from all institutions including stakeholders.FindingsThe partnership was built on the foundation of experiences and lessons of a previous partnership. Partners used these experiences and lessons to devise strategies to improve partnership inputs, communication, leadership, roles and structures, and maintenance and communication tasks. However, these strategies had an impact on partnership functioning giving rise to issues of inequitable power dynamics. The northern partner had two roles: one as an equal partner and another as distributor of project funds; this caused a conflict in roles for this partner. The partners distinguished themselves according to partner resources – two partners were named implementing partners and two named supportive partners. Roles and partner resources were the greatest contributors to power imbalances and caused delays in project activities.ConclusionUsing the BMCF to examine partnership dynamics illuminated that power imbalances caused a hierarchical stance in the partnership with northern partners having overall control and power of decision-making in the partnership. This could impact the effectiveness and sustainability of project in the southern institutions going forward.

Assessment of Community Participation in Sustainable Local Economic Development: The Case of Wolaita Sodo Town, Ethiopia

Economic development is turning into a more regional phenomena. Through active community participation, it brings about a change in the locus of responsibility for development planning from the national to the sub-national or local levels. Nevertheless, Wolaita Sodo town hasn’t done enough research on community involvement with sustainable LEDs. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the present level of community involvement in LED, examine the function of community participation in sustainable LED, and pinpoint the key variables influencing community participation in Sustainable LED in Wolaita Sodo town. Economic development is turning into a more regional phenomena. Through active community participation, it brings about a change in the locus of responsibility for development planning from the national to the sub-national or local levels. Nevertheless, Wolaita Sodo town hasn’t done enough research on community involvement with sustainable LEDs. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the present level of community involvement in LED, examine the function of community participation in sustainable LED, and pinpoint the key variables influencing community participation in Sustainable LED in Wolaita Sodo town. Data from primary and secondary sources were gathered in both qualitative and quantitative formats. Questionnaires and checklists were used to gather data from sample respondents and relevant government offices. Techniques for multi-stage sampling were used to reach the sample size of 203 households. In addition to employing both descriptive and inferential statistics, a binary logistic regression model was utilized to examine the information gathered through the use of a questionnaire. Results revealed that 72.5% of the residents took part in LED efforts by making monetary or in-kind contributions. Furthermore, even if it is not a continual contribution, communities supply 33 percent of the total funding required for the development project to be carried out in their areas, with the government providing the remaining 27 percent. This is a clear sign of how the community is participating in the research area. Regarding the community’s role in LED, the results demonstrated that participation fosters a sense of ownership and organized performance, aids in social and personal empowerment, and creates locally based and owned development through resource mobilization—all of which contribute to sustainable development. The results also demonstrated that a number of factors, including income, attitude, level of awareness, interest in participating, leadership structure, monitoring and evaluation, partnership structure, and directives, were positively and significantly correlated with community participation in sustainable LED. Therefore, the government and other relevant authorities should actively work on awareness creation forums, knowledge and skill development training, community empowerment, and technical support in order to enhance community engagement. These are the main recommendations offered to improve community participation.

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERSECTORAL COOPERATION

The article is concerned with the study of theoretical foundations and practical aspects of formation and development of intersectoral cooperation in world practice. The article considers the existent approaches to the definition of the concept of "intersectoral cooperation", in particular from the standpoint of generating innovative solutions to existing problems, as well as its features and types. It is found that intersectoral cooperation is a constructive and mutually beneficial interaction of three sectors: the state, the business sector and institutions of civil society. The conditions for ensuring effectiveness in the process of establishing intersectoral cooperation are determined. The importance of the communication process as the basis of interaction is emphasised. The institutional structure of intersectoral partnership is outlined, including regulatory principles, mechanisms for implementing the principles and corporate social responsibility. The prerequisites and features of the emergence of intersectoral partnership at the regional level are determined. The experience of foreign countries in the development of intersectoral cooperation in various fields, in particular of the EU member states, is considered.

ANALYSIS OF PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT USING ARCHETYPE SYSTEM MODELING IN AN EFFORT TO INCREASE THE LEVERAGE OF TOUGH TEMPE UMKM BUSINESSES IN HUTAGODANG VILLAGE

This research aims to identify the internal environment as strengths and weaknesses and the external environment as opportunities and threats and then formulate alternative strategies that can be implemented regarding the next Tempe SME partnership program. This study examines the leverage of each system archetype model in UMKM partnerships and also uses an internal matrix (IFE) and an external matrix (EFE). From the EFAS and IFAS data calculations above, it can be seen that the company's current position is in quadrant I coordinates (1,946 ; 1,395) namely the expansion (growth) quadrant, which is expected to be able to maintain and sustain the strategy and be able to penetrate the market and develop products. Based on the results of the model simulation process with the Casual Leverage Loop System, it is hoped that there will be several relationship structures between elements that influence each other in UMKM and partners, namely partners from large companies that have industrial scope both in the tofu-tempeh trade chain area and even the soybean import industry. Meanwhile, looking at the results of the partnership structure which was built from three sides, namely as follows: Business information perspective, business competency perspective and business access perspective. 
 
 Keywords: Partnership, Archetype System, UMKM

Perceptions of forest product businesses employees in Turkey regarding occupational health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has undeniably brought up the issue of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) for businesses in Turkey. In this global pandemic, strategies developed to effectively address OHS risks and eliminate them with reliable, high-quality data have gained importance. This study aimed to determine the perceptions of employees in the forest products industry in Turkey regarding the OHS during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample of the descriptive and analytical study consisted of a total of 371 employees in forest product businesses located in Turkey. The sample of the study was determined by the purpose-based sampling method. Data were collected both online and face-to-face from June 2022 to October 2022. The data were obtained using the Questionnaire of Employee and Business Characteristics and the Scale of Employees' Perceptions on the OHS (S-POHS) adapted by Özden (2022). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and calculated by descriptive analyses, pairwise comparison tests and multivariate regression analyses. 39.1% of the employees with a mean age of 34.12±8.78 years are high school graduates and 61.5% are workers. Significant differences were found in the S-POHS average scores of the employees in the businesses that produce paper-cardboard, have operated for less than 20 years, have a partnership structure with foreign capital and have an OHS Management System Quality Certificate (p < 0.05). While a positive OHS perception level has already been achieved in the forest products industry in business administrations and by employees, it is clear that this should not be lost and it should be prepared for the next crises by adding new applications.

공적개발원조(ODA) 수원체계에 대한 연구

Purpose: This paper analyzes the ODA management system, including the internal communication system, partnership structure, and policy decision-making and implementation process, of Lao PDR, Indonesia and Vietnam, which are Korea’s key partner countries in Asia. Based on the analysis, the paper aims to draw policy recommendations for donors to enhance aid effectiveness. Originality: This study analyzes recipient countries’ ODA management system from aid effectiveness perspective, which is relatively understudied compared to donors’ aid management system. It specifies the scope of aid management system by developing a new analytical framework based on the four elements consisting of legalization and legislation, key implementing agencies, communciation and partnership, and monitoring and evaluation process. Methodology: The study conducts literature review on the relationship between aid effectiveness and recipient countries’ governance. Based on the analytical framework, case studies on Korea’s three key aid recipient countries, i.e. Lao PDR, Indonesia, and Vietnam are conducted. The study utilizes official government documents and academic literature, and incorporates feedback from experts. Result: Although the three countries had different aid management systems, following similarities were found: mid-long term national development strategies having close linkage to the aid management system; recipient countries strengthening governance and institutional basis for enhanced ownership and transparency; while the role and capacity of key implementing agencies leading to different types of aid inefficiency issues. This implies that ODA management system has direct impact on aid efficiency and effectiveness. Conclusion and Implication: The study shows the importance of donors’ approach to recipient countries based on the latter’s context. Also, in-depth understanding of recipient countries’ aid management system can help donors better identify potential areas of cooperation and design new projects through ODA. The same applies to Korea, which is a key donor in all three country cases.

Business development plan for Ngargogondo tourism village based on industry 4.0 technology

Ngargogondo Tourism Village is one of the tourist villages in Magelang Regency, which is in the Balai Ekonomi Desa (Balkondes) area of the Borobudur Region. This tourist village was newly formed and was inaugurated in 2021. Meanwhile, marketing success is one factor determining a tourist village's development. In addition, other more attractive and anti-mainstream developments are needed with the surrounding tourist villages. The current study applied a descriptive qualitative research by conducting observations and interviews. Then, the information and data were measured and analyzed utilizing marketing mix, SWOT, and Business Model Canvas (BMC) analyses. This research procedure also consisted of three stages: data collection, data analysis, and presentation of data analysis results. The focus on the data analysis is based on the 9 aspects, including customer segment, value proposition, channels, customer relationship, revenue stream, key resources, key activities, key partnership, and cost structure. Based on this, a study is required to identify the marketing potential of Ngargogondo Village based on the marketing mix and then analyzed based on SWOT and Business Model Canvas (BMC) to develop a tourism business development plan base on industry 4.0 technology. Further, the research results can be used to formulate a marketing strategy for the Ngargogondo Tourism Village to develop its tourism business.

Typologising formal school-to-school collaborations—education collectives—in China through the metaphor of Chinese landscape painting

ABSTRACTIn China, formal school groupings known as ‘education collectives’ have become one of the most common forms of school-to-school collaboration, promoted by policymakers to narrow the achievement gap between schools and optimise resource allocation. Previous research has focused on the purposes and achievements of education collectives rather than their structural diversity. This article seeks to address this gap by typologising education collectives in China. We map the landscape of education collectives, illuminating how school-to-school collaboration and education collectivisation have been promoted and operationalised in China. To achieve this, we employ the metaphor of traditional Chinese landscape painting as a methodological tool. Through this, we promote a deeper understanding of the cultural and psychological roots of school-to-school collaboration in China. We conceptualise education collectives from three perspectives inspired by the features of landscape painting: power relations, legal status, and external institutional engagement. These three dimensions also illuminate the homogeneity, exclusion and unsustainability that the education collective may encounter in their development process. This typology places education collectives within the broader policy context of Chinese basic education and system reform and offers insights into the diversity of network and partnership structures among inter-school collaborations.

H.O.P.E. grows: An academic-public health partnership to reimagine public health services and increase mental health access among socially vulnerable populations.

To illustrate the process of developing and sustaining an academic-public health partnership for behavioral health integration through an expansion of the Aligning Systems for Health (ASfH) framework. Practice-informed primary data (2017-2023) from the Holistic Opportunity Program for Everyone (HOPE) Initiative based in Charlotte, NC. The unit of analysis in this descriptive case study is inter-organizational, specifically focusing on an academic-public health relationship. We illustrate the partnership process across the ASfH four core areas, including key challenges and insights. Utilized a Critical Moments Reflection methodology and review of HOPE program data. (1) Formal partnership structures and processes are essential to monitoring the four ASfH core components for on-going system alignment. (2) Aligning systems for health principally involves two ecologies: (i) the health program and (ii) the partnership. The vitality and sustainability of both ecologies require continuous attention and resource investment. (3) Relationships rest at the heart of aligning systems. (4) With comparative advantages in research methods, the academic sector is especially poised to collaborate with healthcare systems and human service organizations to study, develop, implement, and scale evidence-based health interventions. The academic sector shares overlapping purposes with the public health, healthcare, and social services sectors while providing complementary value. It is a critical sectoral partner in advancing population health and health equity.

The Impact of Partnership Forms on the Improvement of Coffee Farmers’ Welfare

This study examines the optimal partnership structure for impacting the well-being of coffee farmers. It is crucial to elucidate the variances in each business model within the context of collaborations involving coffee farmers, traders, and exporters along the coffee supply chain, and their subsequent effect on the welfare of coffee farmers within each specific partnership configuration. We employed a questionnaire to assess the influence of partnership models on the well-being of farmers. The survey was carried out in Central Aceh, known for Arabica coffee production, and Lampung, recognized for Robusta coffee cultivation. we find that farmers participating in globally certified partnership constellations score better on economic performance than farmers in local partnership constellations (both certified and conventional).

Public–private partnerships in fostering outer space innovations

As public and private institutions recognize the role of space exploration as a catalyst for economic growth, various areas of innovation are expected to emerge as drivers of the space economy. These include space transportation, in-space manufacturing, bioproduction, in-space agriculture, nuclear launch, and propulsion systems, as well as satellite services and their maintenance. However, the current nature of space as an open-access resource and global commons presents a systemic risk for exuberant competition for space goods and services, which may result in a “tragedy of the commons” dilemma. In the race among countries to capture the value of space exploration, NASA, American research universities, and private companies can avoid any coordination failures by collaborating in a public–private research and development partnership (PPRDP) structure. We present such a structure founded upon the principles of polycentric autonomous governance, which incorporate a decentralized autonomous organization framework and specialized research clusters. By advancing an alignment of incentives among the specified participatory members, PPRDPs can play a pivotal role in stimulating open-source research by creating positive knowledge spillover effects and agglomeration externalities as well as embracing the nonlinear decomposition paradigm that may blur the distinction between basic and applied research.

Partnership Structure and Partner Outcomes: A Comparative Study of Large Community Sustainability Cross-Sector Partnerships in Montreal, Barcelona and Gwangju

The aim of this research was to understand the structural features of large cross-sector social partnerships (CSSPs) and their resulting partner outcomes. This study analyzed and compared the partnership structures of three large CSSPs, each from a different continent: Barcelona + Sustainable in Barcelona, Spain; Gwangju Council for Sustainable Development in Gwangju, South Korea; and Sustainable Montreal in Montreal, Canada. Based on a survey of the partners in each of the three partnerships, the partner outcomes were also determined and compared. Building on these findings and using abductive analysis, the relationships between the partnerships’ structural features and partner outcomes are considered. An updated set of seven structural features for studying large cross-sector partnerships is offered. The empirical findings show some differences between the partnership designs and between the partner outcomes of the three partnerships. The experiences of the civil society, private sector and public sector partners in each of the cases were relatively similar, showing that in large partnerships, the sector was less relevant than in small partnerships.

Delivering COVID-19 Vaccine via Trusted Social Services: Program Evaluation Results from the Chicagoland CEAL Program.

To describe the reach, implementation, and sustainability of COVID-19 vaccination programs delivered by social service community organizations. Five academic institutions in the Chicagoland CEAL (Community Engagement Alliance) program partnered with 17 community organizations from September 2021-April 2022. Interviews, community organizations program implementation tracking documents, and health department vaccination data were used to conduct the evaluation. A total of 269 events were held and 5,432 COVID-19 vaccines delivered from May 2021-April 2022. Strategies that worked best included offering vaccinations in community settings with flexible and reliable hours; pairing vaccinations with ongoing social services; giving community organizations flexibility to adjust programs; offering incentives; and vaccinating staff first. These strategies and partnership structures supported vaccine uptake, community organization alignment with their missions and communities' needs, and trust. Community organizations delivering social services are local community experts and trusted messengers. Pairing social service delivery with COVID-19 vaccination built individual and community agency. Giving COs creative control over program implementation enhanced trust and vaccine delivery. When given appropriate resources and control, community organizations can quickly deliver urgently needed health services in a public health crisis.