In this work, Cr3+ ion introduced germanate transparent glass-ceramics with one-step heat treatment around the glass transition temperature were prepared. By using TEM and other structural characterizations, it was demonstrated that the microstructure of glass-ceramics had uniform distribution and excellent grain development. Through XPS, FTIR, Raman and JMA model calculation, it was found that the substitution of Cr2O3 for Ga2O3 led to the decrease of [TO4] ratio in the glass network, and the crystallization behavior changed to the whole crystallization. The results of optical performance tests indicated that the transmittance of the transparent glass-ceramics with one-step heat treatment was 46 % higher than that of glass-ceramics prepared by the two-step heat treatment, and the broadband emission intensity at 980 nm was 1.69 times higher than that of the basic glass. There is some guiding relevance to the innovative preparation approach suggested in this work for the creation of transparent glass-ceramics.