Analytic Hierarchy Process Structure Research Articles

SUPPLY CHAIN RISK ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT USING ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP): A REVIEW

In these days, increasing consumer demand uncertainties, e.g. due to war in Europe, severe drought in west Europe or Covid pandemic, increase challenge in supply chain operation. Uncertainty and unreliable events interfere supply chain’s operations and strategies. As a result, increasing risks in supply chain becomes vulnerable and leads to undesired circumstance. A systematic approach is therefeore required to manage the risks. Of many methods, supply chain risk management (SCRM), as a part of supply chain management (SCM), is offered in this paper to address this challenge. The SCRM increases supply chain resilience agains many uncertainties. An important key of SCRM is risk assessment as risk-impact ordering method which can deliver solution with the lowest risks. Of many methods applied for risk assessment, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) provides several advantages, e.g. it can be used as multi-criteria decision making, it can be used with high flexibility and it can be used as subjective assessment. This paper discusses the AHP method in supply chain risk assessment as well as offers a new AHP structure applied for risk analysis.

Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process‐based risk priority number for risk assessments of commissioning process of a ring gantry LINAC

We propose a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-based risk priority number (RPN) method in failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) to overcome the shortcomings of traditional RPN-based FMEA. Our research group has previously published the FMEA to mitigate the failure modes (FMs) for the commissioning process of a ring gantry LINAC. However, inter-relationships among FMs were observed in high ranked FMs due to a heavy reliance on imaging system. Fuzzy AHP was applied to determine relative weights of risk impacts based on inter-relationships among FMs. Since the time sequence dependency is a major factor for risk factors, a hierarchical structure of AHP was used to reflect the directional impacts such as causal influence and feedback loop. Two fuzzy weighted RPNs, called (RPNW and FRPNW , were calculated depending on the input values of severity (S), occurrence (O), and probability of not being detected (D) from the evaluators. The RPNW used numerical values, whereas the fuzzy values were used for FRPNW . Both RPNs were calculated by multiplying the weighted O, S, and D using the fuzzy AHP method. The differences between the two fuzzy RPN rankings are due to inherent fuzzy uncertainty and deviations in O, S, and D values submitted by the evaluators. Considering all results of traditional and fuzzy-based FMEA, the two most highly ranked FMs were identified: errors in determining the non-isocentric SSD and SSD from MV images because of the unique features of the ring gantry LINAC. This study has demonstrated the feasibility of the use of a fuzzy AHP-based RPN to perform comprehensive analysis and prioritization of FMs. The risk analysis using fuzzy AHP can be improved and/or refined based on the department's specific workflow and clinical preferences taking various priority weighting approaches into account.

Development of Highland Vegetable Commodity Areas Through Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Analysis and Geographic Information Systems

The highlands in Central Java have a major contribution to meet the national demand for vegetables. However, competition for these lands by non-agricultural sectors or for the production of other agricultural commodities could lead to a decline in vegetable production. The research aimed to spatially analyze the land suitability and availability for highland vegetable commodities. It also aimed to analyze the land potential for the development of vegetable commodity areas. The research was carried out in Banjarnegara and Wonosobo Regencies, at an altitude of more than 700 meters above sea level, from July to December 2020. The methodology used was Multi-Criteria Decision Making with Analytical Hierarchy Process structure and map overlay, using ArcGIS ver. 10.5. The results showed that land which is suitable for the highland vegetable commodities was at 33.52%, it was dominated by a class of moderately suitable (S2). Furthermore, the suitable and available land for vegetable cultivation covers an area of 16.03 %. Finally, there were 9,911.2 hectares of land that had not been optimally used and had the potential to become a development area for highland vegetable commodities in the future.

Multicriteria decision-making method for scheduling problem based on smart batches and their quality prediction capability

The scheduling problem in manufacturing companies with high rework rates remains a complex research area to date. This paper presents a new approach for manufacturing scheduling that combines a predictive schedule with a proactive multicriteria decision-making method based on smart batches and their quality prediction capability. Each batch embeds an algorithm that allows it to predict its quality out of the next workstation. As soon as a batch determines that its process is too hazardous, a collaborative rescheduling decision, using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), is initiated with its peer. This article details the proposed approach along with the AHP structure and presents the considered decision problem. A simulation model inspired by a lacquering-robot case study is described to validate this proposition. Then, the results of different scenarios are presented and discussed, highlighting the impact of social myopia on smart batches.

관광 젠트리피케이션 대응 정책 수립을 위한 로컬 관광거버넌스 구축 방안에 관한 연구 : AHP 기법의 적용

The purpose of this study is to draw the factors of local tourism governance to cope with gentrification in tourism and evaluate each factor’s order of priority. To address the goal, this study applied the AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. First of all, this researcher set up the hierarchical model and selected a group of 15 persons who were well-aware of the formation of local tourism governance as an expert panel for the survey of AHP-based pairwise comparison. For AHP analysis, web-based analysis software, ‘Make It’, was utilized. The hierarchical structure of AHP was set up as 5 main items (the security and transparency of participation, the establishment of institutional grounds and support, cooperation and trust, expertise and responsibility, & locality) and 21 detailed items. According to the findings, among the five upper factors, the most important factor in building up local tourism governance was found to be the establishment of institutional grounds and support, and the next were found to be cooperation/trust, the security/transparency of participation, expertise/responsibility, and locality in order.

On the Analytic Hierarchy Process Structure in Group Decision-Making Using Incomplete Fuzzy Information with Applications

The multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem has a solution whose quality can be affected by the experts’ inclinations. Under essential conditions, the fuzzy MCDM method can provide more acceptable and efficient outcomes to select the best alternatives. This work consists of a consensus-based technique for selecting and evaluating suppliers in an incomplete fuzzy preference relations (IFPRs) environment utilizing TL-transitivity (Lukasiewicz transitivity). The suggested method is developed based on the criteria of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Fframework, and the decision matrix is construtced using consistent fuzzy preference relations (FPRs). We use the symmetrical decisional matrix approach. A variety of numerical explanations and an analysis of quantitative results illustrate the suggested methodology’s logic and effectiveness.

Investigating the Impact of the Prefabrication Concept on the Design and Selection of Building Components, Case Study: Peripheral Walls in Mass Housing Projects

Today, Prefabrication is considered as one of the concepts of industrialization in response to the growing needs of human societies for development. It is particularly important to address this concept in mass housing projects. The most important goals in adopting the prefabrication approach are to increase construction speed and quality and reduce costs. A review of the literature on prefabrication illustrates the importance of Design for Manufacturability and Design for Assembly concepts about components of prefabricated systems. In this regard, this research has been carried out to identify the criteria and indicators for selection of prefabricated peripheral walls and to design a system based on updatable databases to select proper options according to the importance of criteria and indicators in various mass housing projects. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The results indicate the necessity of involving building material suppliers in designing the mentioned system. Therefore, it is envisaged to continuously import new material specifications in the form of suggested options by the material suppliers in the system’s database. Peripheral wall selection criteria and indicators extracted from the literature review of prefabrication and an Analytic Hierarchy Process structure is proposed to obtain the appropriate options considering the importance of criteria and indicators. To determine the scoring criteria for options, on the one hand, the standards set for the technical specifications of materials were discussed and on the other hand, examples include materials and Peripheral wall systems based on the prefabrication criteria, were investigated.

Evaluating the severity of building fires with the analytical hierarchy process, big data analysis, and remote sensing

This study assessed the severity of building fires in 17 villages that comprise Taishan District, New Taipei City, Taiwan. A literature review was performed to discuss the impact of fire severity assessment criteria in order to develop items and factors for the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). We identified six items for the building fire severity assessment: rescue response time, narrow road density, water-sacristy area density, building risk, hazardous materials’ place density, and fire safety inspection-regulated premises density. Big data analysis and remote sensing were employed to facilitate devising the AHP structure with items and factors. We also compared the annual average burned area from 2005 to 2015 through the building fire severity assessment to validate assessment accuracy. The actual yearly average burned area in each village of Taishan District was used to verify the building fire severity assessment, and the compliance rate of the rating (i.e., high, moderate, and low) was, respectively, 60%, 67%, and 67%. The proposed assessment is evidently feasible and can act as a reference for quantitative analyses for assessments of building fire severity.

Strategi Pengembangan Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia Pasca Unloading dari Kapal Ternak Camara Nusantara Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to create strategy for developing Human Resource competency post unloading from Camara Nusantara Cattle Ship. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method were used for search the best alternative strategy for developing Human Resource competency post unloading from Camara Nusantara Cattle Ship. The expert selection was carried out to obtain priority weights or rankings in the AHP structure to determine post-unloading HR competency development strategies. Based on the results of the analysis that has been done that the most influential factor is facilities and infrastructure with a weight of 0.377. The actor who has the most role in determining the strategy to increase the competence of human resources after unloading from cattle ship is an expedition company with a weight of 0.269, with the primary objective being to maintain the quality of livestock (0.464). The most appropriate alternative strategy in the hierarchy with a weight of 0.324 is conducting competency-based training and development.

A Study on Critical Factor of Selecting Online Video Flatform by Using AHP

This study attempts to improve the understanding of the rapidly growing online video platform market such as Youtube and OTT, and to investigate the attributes and relative importance of them. For this purpose, the factors that influence the choice to use were derived through literature studies and the Focus Group Interview (FGI), and the priority of the factors was calculated through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The upper layer of the AHP structure was ‘Relationship’, ‘Entertainment’, ‘Informativity’, and ‘Convenience’, and the lower layer was structured into 13 elements. The importance priority analysis among the factors that influence the choice to use was done by teenagers, 20s, and 30s and the results are summarized as follows : First, Users consider the ‘Just for fun’ and ‘Satisfaction of interests’ as the most important factors, followed by ‘Easy accessibility to use’, ‘Vicarious satisfaction’, ‘Usefulness of Information’, and ‘Up-to-dateness of information’. Second, the ranking of the upper layer was in the order of ‘Entertainment’-‘Informativity’-‘Convenience’-‘Relationship’.As a result of AHP,‘Entertainment’ was 3.6 times more important than ‘Relationship’. In the comparison by age group, only teenagers regarded that ‘Convenience’ is more important than ‘Informativity’. According to the characteristics of the age group, the lower layer of teenagers consider ‘Convenient function’ to be important and ranked ‘Usefulness of information’ in 8th. While ‘Vicarious satisfaction’ ranked 4th out of 13 factors in the entire age group, those in their 20s and 30s ranked 8th, showing a difference. In the case of 20s, ‘Reasonable price’ was ranked 4th and the ‘Diversity of Information’ was ranked 5th, Otherwise 30s consider ‘Trustworthiness of Information’ to the third. Third, unlike ‘Convenience’ which was the lower-rank in the upper layer AHP analysis, ‘Easy accessibility to use’, the lower-layer of convenience, ranked third overall in the importance analysis among the 13 lower-layer factors, and showed a similar patterns in the age groups results. In the conclusion, this study demonstrates that ‘Convenience’ and ‘Vicarious satisfaction’ factors, which were not relatively well addressed in the previous studies, are the key factors to be considered in. By presenting the results of the importance analysis on each of the selected attributes, This study has a practical implication that Industries such as on-line video service platform provider can use the importance priority in establishing the directions of future strategy.

Evaluation of Charm Factors of Short Video User Experience using FAHP – A Case Study of Tik Tok APP

By reviewing literature on short video apps and interviewing experts, this study determined three major aspects of Tik Tok user experience, emotionality, interactivity and usability, and identified nine key factors to construct the hierarchical structure of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Based on questionnaires from experts, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine each dimension and factor weight. Considering the defects of AHP, we introduced the fuzzy theory and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) to solve related problems. Finally, through the FAHP software developed by MATLAB 2015a GUI, the fuzzy weight of charm factors involved in the Tik Tok user experience is concluded as follows: emotional factors account for 48.77%, interactive factors for 31.23%, and usability factors for 20.00%. This study provides certain reference for design and update of short video apps.

A Study on Influencer Characteristic Factors by Using AHP

Focusing on the emerging influencer market of SNS (Social Network Service), This study attempts to clarify the priority of Influencer characteristics when the customer decided to purchase products through the promotion of influencers. Since the influencer marketing differs from the Online information source marketing, this study has an academic implication in that integrated the influence of the characteristics of the Online information sources and the characteristics of SNS contents. For this purpose, through the literature research on Information sources and Influencers, the characteristics of influencers were reconstructed and priorities were derived using the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique. The upper layer of the AHP structure was set to expertise, trustworthiness, social attractiveness, and content attractiveness, and the lower layer structured the model with 13 subfactors. The results are summarized as follows. First, in the result of combining the importance of the 1st and 2nd classes, the detailed factors of expertise and trustworthiness, ranked from the top to six, are largely influenced in purchasing decisions in influencer marketing. Second, content attractiveness is the third rank in the 1st layer. Influencer marketing shows that content is more important than social attractiveness. Besides, the 7th to 9th positions of the overall rankings accounted for visual information, storytelling, and external attractiveness, which are the details of content attractiveness, and it is confirmed that it is more effective for influencer marketing to emphasize content attractiveness than social attractiveness. Although the influencer marketing differs from the existing information marketing, this study has an academic implication in that integrated the influence of the characteristics of the source and the characteristics of the contents.

VALUATIONS OF BUILDING PLOTS USING THE AHP METHOD

Predicting the value of real estate is a complex endeavor due to the abundance of subjective criteria. Objective consideration of the value-affecting criteria in real estate and regulation of decision support systems will enable the acquisition of more accurate results. In this study, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a type of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), is used to reproduce coefficients that serve as the basis for real estate valuation. A region in the Selcuklu district of Konya, Turkey was used to test the model created by AHP. Weighted criteria describing areas subjected to purchase/sale were generated by the AHP method and then validated. Additionally, a valuation model was created by the multiple regression analysis (MRA) method for comparison and performance analyses. Weighted values were transformed from AHP points and acquired from the MRA method and then joined with geographic information systems (GIS). Value maps of the study area and purchase/sale values were generated according to these newly created models. The performance comparison and value maps revealed that the AHP method is more successful than the MRA method. This study addressed the complexity of criteria issue by using the original hierarchical structure of AHP and thus contributes to the world economy by enabling the generation of more accurate estimations.

Examining Pareto optimality in analytic hierarchy process on real Data: An application in public transport service development

Recent findings in operations research and decision theory show that the eigenvectors derived from pairwise comparison matrices are not Pareto optimal in all cases. Thus, looking at the traditional eigenvector method of Saaty, a better approximation may exist for characterizing the decision makers’ opinion. The Pareto optimal modified vector may lead to better decisions for better expressing the real intention of the evaluator. This paper aims to examine Pareto-optimality on real data pairwise comparison matrices gained from a public transport Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) survey. Moreover, detecting the impact of weight score modification on the whole AHP structure and thus the significance of Pareto test is also in the scope of this study. Further, a detailed description of the general process of Pareto optimal AHP is also included. The application has been conducted in Mersin, Turkey with the purpose of determining public preference on the importance of developing supply quality elements in local bus transportation service.

Implementation of supply chain management in supplier performance assessment using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Objective Matrix (OMAX) and Traffic Light System

This study focuses on researching the implementation of supply chain management in supplier performance measurement using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Objective Matrix (OMAX) and Traffic Light System. The method used consisted of several stages: Identification stage of criteria variable and subcriteria variable, designing hierarchy AHP structure, calculating the weight of each criterion and subcriteria, supplier performance appraisal using OMAX method, calculating the total value of each supplier perfomance and identifying the performance of each supplier Using color indicator from Traffic Light System. Based on the results of the research, it can be seen that 9 out of 10 suppliers that are considered have a good performance while 1 supplier has a performance under the target.

An Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Approach to Risk Analysis: A Case Study of a New Generic Drug Development Process

Risks that are associated with the new generic drug development process, which is the initial stage of the pharmaceutical supply chain, need to be considered and eliminated. The main purpose of this study was to prioritize the risks associated with the new generic drug development process in Thailand. In this study, an in-depth interview, several rounds of expert discussion, and a focus group have been conducted to identify the risk factors. The final analysis was summarized based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology. The risks were classified into the following seven categories: (1) regulatory, (2) technological, (3) operational, (4) intellectual property, (5) financial, (6) market, and (7) information. They were used as criteria for and developed a questionnaire according to the AHP structure. The results from the inputs of ten experts in the pharmaceutical supply chain who identified the priority criteria among these seven categories revealed that the most important criterion is regulatory risk, followed by information, operational, financial, intellectual property, market, and technology risks. These major risks should be prioritized so that they can be appropriately managed.

Brand resonance score for CBBE model: an application in financial services

PurposeBrand resonance will significantly improve the profits of the services industry in the twenty-first century. The purpose of this paper is to find the resonance score for modified customer-based brand equity (CBBE) model in mutual fund financial services and improve the conceptualization of customer-based mutual fund services’ brand equity through brand resonance.Design/methodology/approachThe path values of SEM model was used to estimate the relative weights of criteria and sub-criteria in analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model and it was empirically tested with a sample of 240 mutual fund investors.FindingsThe brand resonance using AHP has been quantified. The resonance quantification of each brand has been demonstrated using two renowned Indian mutual fund services brands State Bank of India and Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation.Research limitations/implicationsThe interdependency of the factors which influence the resonance score is not explored.Practical implicationsResearch findings provide useful guidelines for fund managers/analysts of mutual fund services companies while improving the brand equity and strong brand’s resonance with investors.Originality/valueThe paper examines quantification of resonance for modified CBBE model in mutual fund services using data from a sample of investors in India with two mutual fund brands. The AHP structure model helps firms effectively quantify the resonance score.

Process-aware FMEA framework for failure analysis in maintenance

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to establish a Process-aware FMEA (PAFMEA) development environment in order to face the main Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) deficiencies concerning failure analysis in maintenance.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed framework integrates Delphi methodology to obtain consensus of specialists’ opinions, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to perform multiple criteria-based risk assessment and a business process management system to instantiate the development cycle. A conceptual model is presented and analyzed through a case study.FindingsPAFMEA reveals a new perception in the evaluation and prioritization of failure modes during maintenance failure analysis, such as risk definition and resource availability, dealing with conflicting characteristics in decision-making approaches.Practical implicationsThe PAFMEA environment includes requirements that are grouped with a process instantiation of an AHP structure, providing a high degree of applicability and performance to the development cycles of the FMEA. The new method confronts the classical risk assessment approach and contributes to the literature, adding new perspectives to the FMEA analysis.Originality/valuePAFMEA brings new and promising perspectives to the FMEA development cycle, which, in short, means adding on a multi-criteria failure analysis method (AHP) through a process-aware platform, with performance impacts in FMEA knowledge sharing, decision making and delivery.

Assessing the Sustainable Development of Coastal Reclamation: A Case of Makassar Using GIS Application

Reclamation has been made in many areas in Indonesia including Makassar, as a response to the present needs of land as the impact of human activity in urban area. This research aims to assess the sustainable development of coastal reclamation and focus on environmental dimension of sustainable urban development. Assessment will be done by reclamation sustainability index (RSI) and analysis by GIS as the tools. RSI was built from previous research that has simplified from many researches and analysis by Structure of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and expert choice. RSI uses 9 indices from three indicators of environment factor which are coastal resources, building and infrastructure.

The Critical Factors for Korean Freight Forwarders’ Purchasing Negotiation in International Logistics

ABSTRACT The roles of freight forwarders as intermediaries continue to expand and become significant in international logistics. Purchasing negotiation is considered an important business process for freight forwarders and achieving a successful negotiation outcome should help forwarders to manage their business more effectively. This study used the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach to identify the critical factors for successful purchasing negotiation for freight forwarders in Korea. A three-level AHP structure was constructed to examine the successful purchasing negotiation. The findings indicate that information (specifically quality of information) is the most critical factor for a successful negotiation outcome for freight forwarders. This result turned out to be the same as the result found from the literature review. Literature review also indicated information as the most important factor.