Influence Of Structure Research Articles

The Scenario of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) & Increased Women’s Empowerment in Bangladesh

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) remains a significant issue in Bangladesh, despite the recent strides in women’s empowerment. This study investigates whether the empowerment of women plays a role in reducing IPV, while also examining the influence of a patriarchal social structure on this dynamic. Utilizing qualitative research methods, this analysis draws primarily on secondary data sources, including journal articles, prior studies, news reports, and editorials. Process tracing, a storytelling-based analytical tool, is employed to explore the patterns and relationships involved. The findings suggest that while women's empowerment serves as a mitigating factor in reducing IPV, the entrenched patriarchal nature of male dominance initially triggers resistance to both empowerment and IPV reduction efforts. Nonetheless, the study argues that this resistance can be overcome through concerted efforts, involving government and NGO initiatives that focus on effective law enforcement, supportive policies, and the creation of a safe and respectful environment for women. These collaborative approaches offer promising pathways for addressing IPV in Bangladesh.

THE EFFECT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY & CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON COMPANY VALUE MODERATED PROFITABILITY AND FIRM SIZE

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and capital structure on company value with profitability and firm size as moderation variables. This study uses secondary data in the form of annual reports on the non-primary consumer, transportation, industrial, energy, health, and technology sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021 - 2023. The sample of companies studied is 154 companies with 462 data. The results show that the combination of independent variables, profitability as moderating variables, and the interaction of independently variable with moderation can affect the company's value by 71.79%. The significance values of CSRE, DAR, SIZE, CSR with firm size (CSRE x SIZE) and Capital Structure With Firm Size (DAR x SIZE) have values of 0.3724, 0.6024, 0,3405, 0.4334, and 0.6602 > 0.05. The combination of independently variables, profitability, and capital structures with firm sizes have values 0.1827, 0.3435, 0.4335, and 0.663, respectively. The impact of CSR on firm value is moderated by profitability, while firm size moderates the influence by capital structure. Furthermore, examining the role of different types of CRS activities or varying approaches to capital structure could provide insights into why certain strategies might succeed or fail in enhancing company value.

Modeling interactions in a dynamic heuristic business network

This article presents a novel model for understanding the structure and dynamics of business networks, emphasizing the role of propensities to connect and cooperate as key drivers. The model incorporates behavioral elements and imperfect information updates, departing from traditional rational actor approaches. Starting from the theoretical background, several propositions are outlined, such as dynamism, connection choices, costs, strategy selection, information update, and the update based on experiences. Through simulations, the study successfully demonstrates that the proposed model effectively captures essential characteristics of business networks, including reciprocity, complexity, adaptation, and cooperation. The findings highlight the significance of propensities to connect and cooperate in shaping network structure, evolution, and stability. Particularly, higher propensities to cooperate and connect lead to denser and more cohesive networks, fostering reciprocity, stability, and network performance. The increase only in connection propensities does not have the same result. The lower cooperation propensities result in scale-free networks and asymmetrical distribution of cumulative payoffs. This highlights a crucial insight: different levels of cooperation lead to distinct network properties. Practical implications, increasingly relevant with the rise of digital platforms and metaverse, suggest targeted interventions to enhance network effectiveness, such as incentivizing cooperation, reducing relationship costs, and promoting a culture of trust and collaboration. While providing valuable insights, certain limitations exist, such as not considering the influence of preexisting economic or social structures, equalizing costs and payoffs among actors, and overlooking specific reasons for network connections. Future research should address these refinements and explore their effects on network structure and process characteristics.

Influence of Environmental Social Governance (ESG), Profitability and Capital Structure on Firm Value

The faster information spreads, the more important it is for companies to publicize the good and minimize problems that can harm the company's reputation and value. Environmental pollution cases and issues are the reasons why positive information is very attractive to investors. Therefore, this study aims to test (1) Does Environmental Social Governance affect firm value, (2) Does Profitability affect firm value, (3) Does Capital structure affect Firm Value and (4) Does Environmental Social Governance, profitability and Capital structure jointly affect firm value in Indonesia. In this study, the population used was industrial sector companies totaling 56 companies and those used as samples in this study were 49 companies that were consecutively listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 3 years in 2020-2022. The sample of this study was determined by random sampling method. The type of research and data used is quantitative with secondary data. The analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis and uses SPSS 26 software. The results showed that (1) Environmental Social Governance variables affect firm value, (2) Profitability variables affect firm value, (3) Capital structure affects firm value and (4) Environmental Social Governance, profitability and Capital structure together affect firm value.

African swine fever in wild boar: investigating model assumptions and structure.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly virulent viral disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boar. Current ASF transmission in Europe is in part driven by wild boar populations, which act as a disease reservoir. Wild boar are abundant throughout Europe and are highly social animals with complex social organization. Despite the known importance of wild boar in ASF spread and persistence, knowledge gaps remain surrounding wild boar transmission. We developed a wild boar modelling framework to investigate the influence of contact-density functions and wild boar social structure on disease dynamics. The framework included an ordinary differential equation model, a homogeneous stochastic model and various network-based stochastic models that explicitly included wild boar social grouping. We found that power-law functions (transmission density0.5) and frequency-based contact-density functions were best able to reproduce recent Baltic outbreaks; however, power-law function models predicted considerable carcass transmission, while frequency-based models had negligible carcass transmission. Furthermore, increased model heterogeneity caused a decrease in the relative importance of carcass-based transmission. The transmission pathways predicted by each model type affected the efficacy of idealized interventions, which highlights the importance of evaluating model type and structure when modelling systems with significant uncertainties.

Influence of river structure and hydrodynamics on water quality in the upper Taihu Basin, China

The Taihu Basin constitutes a complex river network and variable hydrodynamic forces, which contributing to alterations in regional water quality within the Yangtze River Delta. In this study, to explore the underlying mechanism of these dual factors on water quality in the upper Taihu Basin, a combination of graphical analysis, the water quality index (WQI) method, and the partial least square-structural equation model (PLS-SEM) were employed to quantitatively investigate the river structure indices (water surface ratio, WP; river system fractal, Δα; river network connectivity, γ) and hydrodynamic force indices (the flow index, FI), and their influence on water quality. Negative correlations were found between both WP and Δα with FI and a positive correlation between γ and FI. The southern water network had a higher water body area and greater difference in river network density, while the northern river network had enhanced connectivity and stronger water flow, thus exhibiting superior water quality. Regarding the influence of these factors on water quality, the impact of river structure on WQI was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05), while hydrodynamic force was significantly positively correlated with the WQI (P < 0.05). Moreover, in comparison to the path coefficient of 0.657 for the river structure's influence on the WQI, the hydrodynamic force exerted an even more significant impact on water quality with a path coefficient of 0.715. This study suggested that water quality improvements depend on optimizing the structural integrity of river systems and promoting favorable hydrodynamic conditions, with the latter having greater influence. This research provided theoretical underpinning for optimizing river structure and advancing river and lake water environments within the Taihu Basin.

The Influence of Islamic Social Reporting, Managerial Ownership and Capital Structure on Firm Value

Increasing competition in the business world makes companies strive to increase the prosperity of shareholders. one of which can be done to increase the prosperity of shareholders by increasing the value of the company. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Islamic social reporting, managerial ownership and capital structure on firm value. This study uses secondary data with a population of 30 companies registered on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for the 2016-2020 period. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling technique with nine companies that met the criteria in this study. Based on the results of the t (partial) test that the Islamic social reporting variable has a significant positive effect on firm value, the managerial ownership variable has a significant positive effect on firm value, the capital structure variable has an insignificant positive effect on firm value. Keywords: islamic social reporting, managerial ownership, capital structure, firm value

Dekadensi Kesantunan Berbahasa Mahasiswa Lintas Budaya di Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang: Kajian Antropososiopragmatik

This research examines the phenomenon of the decadence of language politeness by focusing on changes in politeness values ​​and the decline in communication ethics. This research is based on Brown and Levinson's theory of politeness which pays attention to the factors of social distance, social power, and threat ratings in communication, as well as anthroposociopragmatic theory to understand the influence of culture and social structure on language use. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through direct observation and analysis of student digital communication documents, especially via WhatsApp. Data analysis shows that there is a decline in politeness in language which is characterized by the use of less polite speech, both in daily communication between students and with lecturers. The research results show that the decadence of language politeness among cross-cultural students at Universitas Tribhuwana Tunggadewi Malang is influenced by various factors, including environmental influences, social media, and a lack of understanding of language politeness norms in diverse socio-cultural contexts. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding intercultural communication, cultural identity, and social interaction in overcoming the decadence of language politeness, as well as the need to integrate material on language politeness in higher education to develop effective and polite student communicative competence.

A rapid and precise approach to predicting the cure‐induced warping of T‐shaped composite parts with inconsistent layup

AbstractThis work involved the precise prediction and in‐depth analysis of cure‐induced warping of T‐shaped parts with inconsistent layup. First, the warping mechanism of this kind of part was studied. Then, a finite element analysis (FEA) that considered the parts' structural characteristics and inconsistent layup using the curing mechanical constitutive model was developed to predict the warping. Following verification of the model's accuracy, the effects of material and structural characteristics on warping were investigated. When designing T‐shaped parts, selecting materials with lower thermal expansion coefficients can help minimize warping. Additionally, increasing the radius of the chamfer at the rib and flange connections is also effective. By taking into account the effects of structural parameters and inconsistent layup by using both classical laminated plate theory and artificial neural networks (ANN), a rapid and accurate surrogate model for warping prediction was finally developed. It was discovered that the two‐layer ANN model performed better than the other two models and could predict warping with accuracy and speed. For the parts analyzed in this work, this model is able to identify the fluctuations of warping captured by FEA. Moreover, by defining deviation as the difference between the predicted values of the surrogate model and the FEA, it can be observed that the majority of deviations for the validation set are within ±1.5 mm. This demonstrates that the two‐layer ANN possesses strong generalization ability and high accuracy in predicting warping.Highlights The inconsistent layup could significantly affect the T‐shaped part's warping. Cutting off a part's rib may significantly reduce its warping. A rapid and accurate model for warping prediction was developed. The layup and structure's influence could be identified by the two‐layer ANN.

Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility, Profitabilitas, Struktur Modal terhadap Nilai Perusahaan: Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Farmasi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Peridoe Tahun 2018 - 2022

Company value is important because it influences the company's survival in the future. Many variables can influence company value, such as disclosure and capital structure management. Disclosure is carried out to provide information to stakeholders about the company, one of which is disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) which is a responsibility in terms of economic, environmental and social aspects. Capital structure management is carried out to achieve a balance between liabilities and equity so as to maximize company value. This research aims to determine the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility, Profitability and Capital Structure on Company Value in the current Covid 19 pandemic era. This research uses quantitative descriptive research. The population and sample in this study are pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018 - 2022. The data used is secondary data from annual financial reports on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research uses data analysis techniques such as multiple regression analysis and SPSS as tools to process and test data. The results of this research show that partially CSR has no significant effect, ROE has a significant effect and DER has no significant effect on company value. Meanwhile, simultaneously CSR, ROE, and DER have a significant effect on company value.

Evaluating social network metrics as indicators of tail injury caused by tail biting in growing-finishing pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus).

Tail biting is a multifactorial behavior that causes welfare and economic challenges in swine production. As of 2024, research exploring the influence of pig social structure on the development of tail biting is limited. The objective of this study was to explore whether social structures of pigs from different litter origins can impact tail biting and, ultimately, tail damage. Pigs (n = 96) were grouped (eight pigs/pen) based on their litter origin: non-littermates (NLM), half-littermates, and littermates (LM). Tail injury scores were assessed twice weekly from 10 to 24 weeks of age, with a maximal tail injury score (MTS) over the study period being used to evaluate victimization by tail biting. Pig behavior was video-recorded at 15, 19, and 23 weeks of age. Association networks based on lying behavior and tail biting interaction networks were evaluated at pen-and pig-levels using social network analysis. Pigs in LM pens experienced higher median MTS compared to pigs in NLM pens (Median = 1.5; Interquartile range = 1-2; p = 0.009). Within association networks, NLM pens had lower degree centralization measures than other pens at both 15 (Estimated marginal mean [EMM] = 0.07; 95% CI = 0.02-0.12; p = 0.003) and 23 weeks (EMM = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.04-0.14; p = 0.01) and pigs in NLM pens had higher weighted degree centrality than those in other pens (EMM = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.90-1.11; p = 0.002), suggesting pigs in NLM pens had more uniform, stronger, and more connections with their pen-mates. In tail biting networks, increased weighted in-degree centrality was associated with increased odds of pigs receiving a more severe MTS (OR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.08-2.27; p = 0.02). Pigs with increased weighted out-degree centrality tended to have increased odds of receiving a more severe MTS (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 0.97-1.48; p = 0.09). These preliminary data suggest a potential relationship between social structures and tail biting in growing-finishing pigs.

Integrating Neighborhood Geographic Distribution and Social Structure Influence for Social Media User Geolocation

Integrating Neighborhood Geographic Distribution and Social Structure Influence for Social Media User Geolocation

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility, Capital Structure, Managerial Ownership, and Profitability on Firm Value with Investment Opportunity Set as a Moderation Variable in Property and Real Estate Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

Firm value is defined as market value because firm value can provide maximum shareholder prosperity if the company's share price increases. This research analyzes the influence of corporate social responsibility, capital structure, managerial ownership, and profitability on firm value in Property and Real Estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2016-2021. This research will also examine the investment opportunity set variable, used as a moderating variable in the research model. The population of this research is represented by property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2021 period. A target population was selected based on this population, all of which became the research sample of 35 companies. The number of observations used was 210 observations. The data type used is secondary data, and the hypothesis testing used is panel data regression analysis with multiple linear regression tests and interaction moderation tests with the help of EVIEWS software. The results of this research show that corporate social responsibility, managerial ownership, and profitability have a significant positive influence on firm value. In contrast, capital structure does not have a significant influence on firm value. This research also shows that the investment opportunity set can moderate the influence of capital structure and profitability on firm value. However, the investment opportunity set cannot moderate the influence of corporate social responsibility and managerial ownership on firm value. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, managerial ownership, capital structure, profitability, firm value, investment opportunity set.

Clustered networks as informal elements of access and power: a study in a honey producers association

Networks observed from the perspective of the structural dimension present their complexity at the level of positions existing in a social arrangement. These positions have the power to define roles among the actors immersed in social relationships, providing advantages and differentiated access to the network actors. In this context, the present study aims to understand how the relational structure among the producers linked with an association of honey producers in the interior of Paraná state influences the social dynamics. The methodology used is quantitative and qualitative of exploratory nature and conducted as a case study. The data were collected through the sociometric evaluation questionnaire and interviews with actors selected from their position in the network enabled the understanding of the influence of social structures on network governance, establishing powers parallel to formal powers and building clustered structures that allow access and power different from those formally constituted. It evidenced that access to knowledge and resources are results of the social structures composed by the arrangement of relationships established within the producers' association, creating conditions of advantages and disadvantages for the actors immersed in the network. It was also possible to note that the routines established by governance have an influence on the formation of the network structure.

A Systematic Literature Review of Predictors of Social Media Popularity

A growing area of research has examined the individual behaviors and social antecedents that enable and constrain the popularity of social media users. This systematic review gathers and summarizes 68 naturalistic studies that measure popularity based on users’ reach (e.g., followers, fans and subscribers) or engagement (e.g., likes, comments and shares) on multiple platforms. It draws on Barnlund’s (2008) transactional model of communication to organize the literature and provides a roadmap for future research by identifying areas of the research that are characterized by consensus and disagreement. It also reveals a gap in the literature. Previous research focuses on communication strategies that maximize reach and engagement and provides less evidence of social structural influences on popularity. More research is needed to understand how the social, economic, and cultural characteristics of users affect their success.

Rethinking Training Strategy in Stereo Matching.

In stereo matching, various learning-based approaches have shown impressive performance in solving traditional difficulties on multiple datasets. While most progress is obtained on a specific dataset with a dataset-specific network design, the performance on the single dataset and cross dataset affected by training strategy is often ignored. In this article, we analyze the relationship between different training strategies and performance by retraining some representative state-of-the-art methods (e.g., geometry and context network (GC-Net), pyramid stereo matching network (PSM-Net), and guided aggregation network (GA-Net), etc.). According to our research, it is surprising that the performance of networks on single or cross datasets is significantly improved by pre-training and data augmentation without any particular structure acquirement. Based on this discovery, we improve our previous non-local context attention network (NLCA-Net) to NLCA-Net v2 and train it with the novel strategy and rethink the training strategy of stereo matching concurrently. The quantitative experiments demonstrate that: 1) our model is capable of reaching top performance on both the single dataset and the multiple datasets with the same parameters in this study, which also won the 2nd place in the stereo task of the ECCV Robust vision Challenge 2020 (RVC 2020); and 2) on small datasets (e.g., KITTI, ETH3D, and Middlebury), the model's generalization and robustness are significantly affected by pre-training and data augmentation, even exceeding the network structure's influence in some cases. These observations present a challenge to the conventional wisdom of network architectures in this stage. We expect these discoveries to encourage researchers to rethink the current paradigm of ``excessive attention on the performance of a single small dataset'' in stereo matching.

Influence of Social Structure on Participation of Women in Public Credit Programs in Tanzania

This study investigated about the influence of social structure on participation of women in public credit programs in Tanzania, using the analytical cross-sectional design. The study had the population of 1,156,714 women residing in Arusha and Simiyu to represent an income-rich but food-scarce zone and Mbeya and Katavi to represent an income-poor but food-abundant zone. The study employed a multi-stage sampling technique to select some female respondents. Two city/ district councils were selected from each region based on their performance in disbursing PO-RALGA loans, considering factors the number of women accessing credit and the volume of credit offered to women. Sixteen wards were finally picked to participate. Out of 415 women respondents, 287 were beneficiaries of the PO-RALGA Credit Program while 128 were non-participants. Data was collected through a questionnaire. The study employed the logistic regression model for data analysis. Evidence from the findings indicates that social structure variables, in terms of age, patriarchal system, education, daily family income and location, have positive impact on women's participation in PCP. Conversely, variable like marital status and family size appeared to have a negative influence in women’s participation to PCP. Patriarchal social structure variable has contradicting findings which needs further studies. To promote women's participation in PCP, policymakers should develop programs that take into account social structure variables, demographic variables, and family variables. By increasing women's access to soft loans, the country will be well-positioned to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal number five before the year 2030. This can become possible when the government adopts transformative policies and appropriate actions to ensure that women have equitable access to public credit loans.

THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, CAPITAL STRUCTURE, AND STOCK PRICE ON FIRM VALUE

Corporate social responsibility (CSR), capital structure, and stock prices have garnered significant attention due to their potential impact on a firm's overall value. Corporate social responsibility involves a company's commitment to ethical and sustainable practices, extending beyond profit generation to encompass social and environmental considerations. On the other hand, capital structure reflects a company's financing composition, encompassing the balance between debt and equity. Stock prices reflect the market's perception of a company's worth and performance. This research aimed to analyze the influence of corporate social responsibility, capital structure, and stock prices on firm value within the banking sub-sector companies during the period 2017-2021. The study utilized panel data regression as its analytical technique. The sample was selected using purposive sampling from secondary data, specifically financial reports. The analysis included 33 companies observed over a 5-year period, resulting in a total of 165 data points for the investigation. Hypothesis testing was conducted using the Eviews series 9 application. The findings from the tests indicated a statistically significant simultaneous impact of corporate social responsibility, capital structure, and stock prices on firm value. However, the research revealed that corporate social responsibility, when assessed independently, did not exhibit a statistically significant impact on firm value. Conversely, the analyses demonstrated that both capital structure and stock prices had a statistically significant partial effect on firm value.

Levounis to Emphasize Public Engagement in Presidential Year Focused on Addiction Treatment

Levounis to Emphasize Public Engagement in Presidential Year Focused on Addiction Treatment

The importance of theory at the Information Systems Journal

The importance of theory at the <i>Information Systems Journal</i>