Optimal Structural Parameters Research Articles

The Structural Design and Analysis of the Multi Nozzle Relay Air-Jet Inserting System by Profile Reed Guiding for 3D Weaving Machine

Introduction: Based on the literature, this article designs a parameterized simulation model of a multi-layer jet weft insertion system by profiles reed guidance for a 3D loom on the PTC Creo9.0 platform, including the main supersonic nozzle, supersonic auxiliary nozzle (relay nozzle), and multi-slot profiles reed components. Method: Based on the existing basic theory, experimental results, and empirical data of turbulent jet, the parameters of the multi-layer jet weft insertion system, as well as the structural parameters and the relative positions of the main, auxiliary nozzle and profile reed components, such as the center distance of each layer's main nozzle, auxiliary nozzle spacing, auxiliary nozzle installation angle, spray direction angle, and spray angle, have been determined preliminarily. Result: Further, the basic flow field parameters, such as the supply pressure of the main and auxiliary nozzles and the shape of multi-layer profile reeds, have been determined optimally on the Virtual Prototype Collaborative Simulation Platform (PTC Creo9.0/ANSYS Workbench/Fluent 2024R1), and the rationality of the structural design also been verified; on the premise of ensuring that the airflow velocity of each layer's profiles groove meets the requirements of weft insertion, the design and simulation calculation is repeatedly modified, and the optimal structural design parameters of the multi-layer weft insertion system and nozzle is finally determined. Conclusion: To explore the feasibility of multi-layer jet weft insertion, the design of threedimensional multi-layer jet weft insertion looms has laid a theoretical foundation, laying a good foundation for the emergence and industrial manufacturing of three-dimensional multi-layer jet weft insertion looms, and providing an important reference for the innovative design of threedimensional multi-layer water jet weft insertion looms.

Analysis of electromagnetic force characteristics and wheelbase design of Maglev car based on double permanent magnet electrodynamic wheels

With the advantage of “suspension-drive” integration, the Maglev car has broad application prospects in fields, such as Maglev highways. Currently, a laboratory-scale Maglev car prototype has been built by one of the groups of Southwest Jiaotong University equipped with four permanent magnet electrodynamic wheels. A full-scale Maglev car is planned for design. The distance between the front and rear electrodynamic wheels (EDWs) of a Maglev car will directly affect the safety of the entire car system operation; therefore, it is necessary to explore the wheelbase design. This paper first analyzes the relationship between the electromagnetic force of double EDWs (DEDWs) and the wheelbase under the size of a scaled prototype through 3D simulation and verifies the effectiveness of the simulation model through experiments. Furthermore, the electromagnetic force characteristics of full-scale DEDWs were explored through finite element simulation methods. Finally, we provide the wheelbase design standards for the Maglev car of any size. The findings indicate that the electromagnetic force of DEDWs first rapidly decreases and then stabilizes with increasing wheelbase. The ratio of the inner and outer radius of the DEDWs, and the material and thickness of the conductor plate do not affect the critical value of the wheelbase, while the rotation speed and air gap of DEDWs are the parameters affecting the design of the wheelbase. This article provides a new idea for the wheelbase design of the Maglev car, which is expected to provide some reference for the structural design and parameter optimization of multi-EDW devices.

Working Condition Sensitivity Analysis and Optimal Structure Parameter Determination of IVT Based on CFD and Orthogonal Experiment

To address liquid accumulation in horizontal gas wells, a specialized internal vortex tool (IVT) was developed for use in the horizontal sections, functioning as a drainage gas recovery device. This tool operates by leveraging centrifugal forces generated during fluid swirl to separate liquid from gas. The study examined the performance of IVT under various operational conditions and sought to identify optimal structural parameters. Through a controlled variable approach, the impact of inlet velocity and the water-gas volume ratio on pressure drop range, MGV (maximum gas velocity), and MVFLP (maximum liquid phase volume fraction) was analyzed. The results indicated that when the inlet velocity is between 2-4m/s and the water to gas volume ratio is between 0.5-2m3/104m3, the smaller the inlet velocity and the smaller the water to gas volume ratio, the better the gas-liquid separation effect of the IVT. An orthogonal test was subsequently employed to fine-tune the tool's structural parameters for different conditions, culminating in the creation of a comprehensive optimization chart for IVT. This study can effectively design drainage gas production tools for gas wells under different working conditions, reduce energy loss during drainage gas production, effectively utilize downhole resources, and achieve the goal of increasing natural gas well production and reducing costs.

Structural parameters optimization of microwave radiation antenna in hydrate reservoir based on multiphysical coupling model

Microwave heating has emerged as a promising technology in hydrate mining, attracting significant interest. This study focus on optimizing the structural parameters of microwave radiation antenna via a multiphysical coupling model. Subsequently the model is validated through experimental results. The microwave radiation simulation model is then developed to evaluate the antenna radiation performance and to elucidate the temperature distribution mechanism within the reservoir. The optimized structure features rectangle slots with an angle of 75° and a length of 28 mm. When this optimized antenna is deployed in a one-meter radius reservoir and heated for 10 hours, it rises the average temperature from 2 °C to 7.11 °C. Moreover, the design improves the thermal uniformity within the gas hydrate reservoir, achieving a temperature standard deviation of 7.76 °C. Post-heating uniformity indicates effective microwave distribution. Overall, these results affirm that microwave heating, particularly when utilizing an optimized antenna, effectively enhances the reservoir’s sensible heat and aids in hydrate decomposition.

Impact of structural characteristics on energy-absorption of 3D-printed thermoplastic polyurethane line-oriented structures

Purpose Additive manufacturing offers the ability to produce complex, flexible structures from materials like thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) for energy-absorption applications. However, selecting optimal structural parameters to achieve desired mechanical responses remains a challenge. This study aims to investigate the influence of key structural characteristics on the energy absorption and dissipation behavior and the deformation process of 3D-printed flexible TPU line-oriented structures. Design/methodology/approach Samples with varying line orientations and infill densities were fabricated using material extrusion and subjected to quasi-static compression tests. The design of experiments methodology explored the significance of design variables and their interaction effects on energy absorption and dissipation. Findings The results revealed a statistically significant interaction between infill density and orientation, highlighting their combined influence; however, the effect was less pronounced compared to infill density alone. For low-density structures, changing the orientation from 0°/90° to 45°/−45° and increasing infill density enhanced energy absorption and dissipation, while high-density structures exhibited unique energy absorption behavior influenced by deformation patterns and heterogeneity levels. This study facilitates the prediction of mechanical responses and selection of suitable TPU line-oriented printed parts for energy absorbing applications. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the present work have investigated for the first time the energy-related responses of flexible line-oriented TPU structures highlighting the distinction between the low and high density structures.

A study on the effect of channel structures on flow and heat transfer performance of cold plate with double-layer serpentine microchannel

As the power consumption of electronic components continues to rise, liquid cooling technology has become the mainstream solution for cooling electronic devices. This study designs a double-layer serpentine microchannel cold plate with a ribbed structure and firstly investigates the effects of the flow path on thermal–hydraulic performance of the cold plate. Through orthogonal numerical tests, the impact of rib height, number of rib truncations, rib truncation gap, and rib end deviation distance on thermal–hydraulic performance of cold plate is analyzed, along with their significance. Based on the results of the orthogonal test, the optimal rib structure parameters are determined. Results show that the parallel flow path has a more uniform flow distribution and approximately 2.5 % lower thermal resistance of the cold plate than the series flow path. Higher rib height leads to a higher convective heat transfer coefficient, more uniform internal flow distribution, and lower thermal resistance. When the rib height increases from 0.3 mm to 3 mm, the convective heat transfer coefficient increases 18 %, and the thermal resistance of the cold plate decreases 12 %. Compared to the initial structure, the optimized structure at the highest PEC has total thermal resistance and pressure drop reduced by 5.5 % and 7.4 %, respectively, while the structure with the lowest thermal resistance has a 7.9 % reduction in thermal resistance but a 27 % increase in pressure drop.

Design and performance evaluation of a spiral bar precision weeding mechanism for corn fields

This paper focuses on addressing the limitations of existing mechanical weeding methods for corn plants by introducing a spiral tendon-type precision weeding device specifically designed for corn fields. The study encompasses mechanical design and theoretical analysis to determine the overall structure, component parts, application scenarios, operation modes, and working principles of the device. The force applied to the spiral tendon weeding cutter head, a crucial working component of the device, is analyzed, along with its motion characteristics. This analysis allows for the calculation of the force required for the spiral tendon to penetrate the soil, as well as the determination of its trajectory and speed in the soil. The desired motion pattern of the weeding cutter head is considered in determining the contour shape of the inner cylinder track and its cooperation mode with the roller follower. Furthermore, the design and optimization of the circulation groove track are conducted to derive the key parameters of the track. A prototype is then constructed based on the proposed structural design and parameter optimization scheme. Soil bin tests are performed to evaluate the device’s performance. The optimal combinations of working parameters are determined as follows: a 70-mm depth of the weeding cutter head into the soil, a movement speed of 80 mm/s, and an output thrust of the electric actuator of 180 N. Under these conditions, the device achieves a weed removal rate exceeding 95% with a 3% wounding rate, demonstrating stable operational performance.

Maximizing methane and hydrogen delivery capacity by carbon and boron nitride nanoscrolls

The CH4 and H2 delivery capacity of carbon and boron nitride (BN) nanoscrolls was investigated, with a focus on optimizing the interlayer and van der Waals spacings to meet the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) targets. Through computational simulations, the effects of interlayer spacing on CH4 and H2 adsorption were evaluated, revealing that while delivery quantities increase with interlayer spacing, achieving DOE targets remains a challenge for CH4. Notably, BN nanoscrolls exhibited higher adsorption capacities compared to carbon nanoscrolls, especially under low-pressure conditions. Conversely, carbon nanoscrolls displayed greater release quantities than BN nanoscrolls. For H2, delivery quantities met DOE targets at larger interlayer spacings, with carbon nanoscrolls requiring a spacing greater than 0.9 nm and BN nanoscrolls greater than 1.1 nm. For CH4 delivery, temperature optimization showed significant peaks in delivery for carbon nanoscrolls at 248 K. In contrast, BN nanoscrolls did not exhibit a peak in delivery. In carbon nanoscrolls, the optimal weight and volumetric capacities for methane delivery are 0.275 g/g and 182 cm3/cm3, respectively. Meanwhile, for hydrogen, the maximum delivery achieved is 8.26 wt% and 0.044 kg/L, which surpasses the DOE's storage target of 5.5 wt% and 0.04 kg/L. The study also highlighted the importance of structural parameter optimization, with a significant increase in weight delivery (>500%) and in volume delivery (>120%) for both gases.

Reliability-based multi-objective optimization design of composite patch repair structure using artificial neural networks

Due to the parameter differences and the existence of random factors, the performance of composite repair structure shows a large dispersion. In order to obtain stronger, lighter and more reliable repair structure, multi-objective optimization design of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) laminate repair structure is investigated by combining the reliability theory, artificial neural networks and the genetic algorithm. First, a 3D simulation model of the composite laminate patch repair structures is established using the 3D Hashin criterion and the cohesive region model. Then, the Latin Hypercube sampling (LHS) method is used to realize the random sampling, and the strength proxy model of the repair structure is established by using Back-propagation artificial neural network, further a multi-objective optimization model with tensile strength, reliability and weight as objective functions is built considering the design parameters and the random parameters. Finally, NSGAⅡalgorithm is used to solve the multi-objective optimization problem, and a set of solutions on the Pareto front surface are obtained, also the optimal design parameters of the composite repair structure meets the requirements is obtained.

Enhanced microwave absorption of sandwich panels with magnetized carbon fiber corrugated array reinforced PMI foam core

AbstractIntegrating periodic array structures made of metal wires or conductive inks into the foam core of electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing sandwich panels can significantly improve broadband absorption performance. However, the complex fabrication process and poor corrosion resistance of these materials limit their practical applications. This work innovatively introduces magnetized carbon fiber (CF) into PMI foam, simultaneously achieving broadband absorption and lightweight characteristics of the sandwich structure through the design of array structure and fiber bundle geometry. Simulation analysis compared the EM absorption performance of sandwich panels with carbonyl iron powder (CIP)/CF tape and helical twisted CIP/CF rope corrugated arrays, determining the optimal array structure parameters, which were then experimentally validated. The experimental results align with the simulations, showing that CIP/CF rope corrugated arrays with an amplitude of 10 mm, a cycle length of 15 mm, and an array spacing of 15 mm provide optimal absorption performance, with a reflection loss below −10 dB across the 9–18 GHz frequency range and a maximum absorption of −33.9 dB at 17 GHz. Finally, the absorption mechanism of these sandwich structures is discussed, highlighting how the synergistic effects between the electromagnetic properties and structural morphology of CIP/CF enhance the absorption performance of the EM absorbing sandwich panel.

Parallel Force Feedback Device Design With Constant Jacobian Matrix and Net Weight Fully Balanced

Abstract Force feedback devices offer realistic and intuitive feedback to operators, and achieving higher accuracy and transparency has been a prominent research focus in this field. However, errors in real-time force or position calculations are inevitable, which can have adverse effects on the accuracy of the equipment. This article presents the design of a parallel mechanism that incorporates a constant force and velocity mapping relationship based on the type synthesis of the constant Jacobian matrix. Specifically, the mechanism maintains a fixed direction of force applied to the operating platform by the drive pair, which is mounted on the fixed platform in each limb, irrespective of position changes. This unique feature enables the mechanism to achieve a complete net weight balance. The implementation method is detailed in this article, which involves adding appropriate counterweights to achieve a balance between the weight of the connecting rod and the overall gravity of the operating platform. Furthermore, the optimization of structural parameters helps to improve the performance of the developed prototype. The proposed design scheme not only addresses the fundamental reduction of errors caused by real-time force and position mapping solving but also enhances operational transparency. Finally, simulation and experimental tests are conducted to validate the proposed theory.

Design and optimization for a longitudinal-flow corn ear threshing device of low loss and low energy consumption

The traditional corn grain harvester threshing device has the problems of high grain breakage rate, high unthreshed grain rate and high energy consumption when harvesting high water content corn ears. A longitudinal-flow corn ear threshing device and its measurement and control system were proposed to overcome these problems. The working performance and energy consumption of the threshing device were optimized by conducting three factors and five levels corn ear threshing experiments. The experiments took the threshing cylinder speed (X1), threshing gap (X2), and guide vane angle (X3) as the experimental factors, and the grain breakage rate (Y1), unthreshed grain rate (Y2), unit energy consumption (Y3), and threshing concave pressure (Y4) as the experimental indicators. According to the experimental results, the quadratic polynomial regression models between experimental indicators and experimental factors were established. Through models optimization, the optimal working parameters for the threshing device were obtained as X1 at 392.40 r/min, X2 at 40.70 mm, and X3 at 33.16°. Through conducting verification experiment, it was found that under the optimal parameters, the experimental indicators were Y1 at 2.32 ± 0.06 %, Y2 at 0.48 ± 0.04 %, Y3 at 2.14 ± 0.10 kJ/kg, and Y4 at 46.28 ± 3.23N. The errors between the experimental results and the quadratic polynomial regression models were less than 5 %, which indicated that the models had high prediction accuracy. Compared with the unoptimized experimental indicators, the optimized experimental indicators Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 decreased by 36.26 %, 39.24 %, 14.74 % and 16.27 %, respectively. The working performance of the threshing device was significantly improved, and the energy consumption was significantly reduced. The relevant research could provide reference for the optimization of the mechanical structure and working parameters of the corn ear threshing device.

Influence of laminated porous cathode structure on the performance and mass transfer of Li[sbnd]O2 batteries

The porous cathode is a crucial component of LiO2 batteries, and its porous structure significantly impacts the battery's performance. In this study, a stacked porous cathode was fabricated via roller pressing. The influence of the cathode structure on the battery performance and mass transfer characteristics were examined using experimental and simulation methods. The structural characteristics, electrochemical properties, and overall battery performance of the stacked porous cathode were analyzed. Furthermore, the effects of the cathode structure on mass transfer within the cathode and battery performance were explored through numerical simulation. The results indicate that when the mass ratio of CNTs to ACET on the diaphragm side is 5:1, the cathode exhibits optimal structural parameters, with an average pore size of 24 nm and a maximum pore volume of 0.85564 cm3/g. Concurrently, the battery demonstrates an exceptionally high area specific capacity of 30.35 mAh/cm2. Integrating the simulation findings, it was observed that adjusting the structural parameters of the cathode enhances material transfer efficiency, thereby improving battery performance.

Structural parameter optimization of radial basis function neural network based on improved genetic algorithm and cost function model

This paper investigates the structural parameter optimization of RBF networks with the goal of economic control. The cost function and its implementation method are analyzed, and the cost function model of RBF neural network is established. The weights of RBF neural network are determined using recursive least squares method, then the crossover and mutation operators of genetic algorithm are improved and a new adaptive genetic algorithm is designed to implement the economic control of RBF neural network. The optimized network structure parameters are applied to the RBF neural network for simulation through function example, and the results obtained are compared with those of ordinary RBF network training. It shows that the method proposed in this paper is superior in both error and prediction values.

Design and Investigation of a High-Performance Quartz-Based SAW Temperature Sensor.

In this work, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) temperature sensor based on a quartz substrate was designed and investigated. Employing the Coupling-of-Modes (COM) model, a detailed analysis was conducted on the effects of the number of interdigital transducers (IDTs), the number of reflectors, and their spacing on the performance of the SAW device. The impact of the transversal mode of quartz SAWs on the device was subsequently examined using the finite element method (FEM). The simulation results indicate that optimizing these structural parameters significantly enhances the sensor's sensitivity and frequency stability. SAW devices with optimal structural parameters were fabricated, and their resonant frequencies were tested across a temperature range of 25-150 °C. Experimental results demonstrate that the SAW temperature sensor maintains high performance stability and data reliability throughout the entire temperature range, achieving a Bode-Q of 7700. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits excellent linearity and repeatability. An analysis of the sensor's response under varying temperature conditions reveals a significant temperature dependency on its Temperature Coefficient of Frequency (TCF). This feature suggests that the sensor possesses potential advantages for applications in industrial process control and environmental monitoring.

КОМП'ЮТЕРНИЙ МОДУЛЬ ДЛЯ АНІМАЦІЇ РУХУ ШАТУННО-ПОВЗУНКОВОЇ ГРУПИ ПРОГРАМИ KDAM ПРИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КІНЕМАТИЧНИХ ТА ДИНАМІЧНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ

The development of new schemes of the thread feeding system requires an operational assessment of the value of the tension in front of the working zone. The objective function in the tasks of optimizing technological processes is the minimum necessary tension. The development of special computer programs for determining the tension in the working area makes it possible to determine the necessary technological parameters. The variable parameter in the objective function is the sum of the angles of coverage of the working bodies by the thread. The use of a computer program allows you to determine the tension and change in relative tension in the filling zones of technological machines, which allows you to optimize the shape of the thread supply line even at the stage of designing the technological process. A computer module was developed for the animation of the movement of the connecting rod-slider group, which is a component of the KDAM program for determining the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the connecting rod-slider group of the mechanisms of textile and light industry machines, which allows at the preliminary design stage to visually evaluate the behavior of individual links of the connecting rod mechanism of the slider group and determine the coordinates, projections of velocities and accelerations of the center of mass of the connecting rod, the slider and the points of attachment of the links of the Asura groups on the connecting rod. The KDAM program is a structural element of a computer software complex for assessing the intensity of technological processes in the light and textile industry when determining the change in the relative tension of the thread in the filling zones on the technological equipment. Kinematic and dynamic analysis of flat mechanisms plays a significant role in the design of new mechanisms and modernization of existing ones. The results obtained during these studies can be used to calculate the strength of individual links, their inertial characteristics, optimization of structural parameters of mechanisms, and minimization of consumed energy. The computer module of the KDAM program for determining the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the connecting rod-slider group of mechanisms of light industry machines allows you to determine the coordinates, projections of velocities and accelerations of the center of mass of the connecting rod, slider and the point of attachment of the links of the Asura groups on the connecting rod. During the dynamic analysis of the operation of the connecting rod-slider group, the projections of the full reaction in the joints between the crank and the connecting rod, between the connecting rod and the slider, and between the slider and the fixed guide are determined.

Design and Testing of a Branched Air-Chamber Type Pneumatic Seed Metering Device for Rice

To meet the diverse seeding requirements of super hybrid rice, common hybrid rice, and conventional rice—which vary from 1 to 3 seeds, 2 to 4 seeds, and 5 to 8 seeds per hole, respectively—this study developed a branched air-chamber type pneumatic seed metering device for rice. The device utilizes an air chamber control board to manage the branched air chamber casing, enabling precise adjustments to the seeding quantity. This study presents a theoretical analysis of the seed metering device’s operation and its critical components. Structural parameter optimization was conducted using Ansys-Fluent (2021 R1) software, followed by multi-objective optimization of operational parameters through bench testing. Simulation results indicated that optimal vacuum pressure in the seed metering disc pores reached a maximum of 857 Pa with a chamber depth of 22 mm, an angle of 100°, and a cavity depth of 25 mm, achieving a minimal coefficient of variation of 0.86%. Bench test results showed that for seeding targets of 1 to 3 rice seeds per hole, the optimal operational parameters were: two openings, a working vacuum of 1355 Pa, and a rotor speed of 32.78 r/min, resulting in a missed seeding rate of 4.70%, a qualification rate of 85.81%, and a re-seeding rate of 9.49%. For targets of 2 to 4 seeds per hole, the best parameters included three openings, a working vacuum of 1357 Pa, and a speed of 32.87 r/min, with a missed seeding rate of 4.60%, a qualification rate of 85.59%, and a re-seeding rate of 9.81%. For 5 to 8 seeds per hole, optimal parameters were six openings, a vacuum of 1339 Pa, and a rotor speed of 31.07 r/min, yielding a missed seeding rate of 4.09%, a qualification rate of 87.27%, and a re-seeding rate of 8.64%. These findings demonstrate that the branched air-chamber type pneumatic seed metering device effectively meets the varied direct seeding requirements of rice, enhancing the adaptability of pneumatic seed metering devices to different seeding quantities in rice and potentially informing the design of pneumatic seeders for other crops.

Optimization Study of the Structural Parameters of an Artificial Percolation Intake Riverbed Based on a Numerical Orthogonal Test

Research on water abstraction techniques in sandy rivers is crucial for addressing water scarcity issues in northern China. This study introduces an artificial percolation water intake riverbed structural model designed to prevent sand intake and facilitate the extraction of clear water from sandy rivers, the main function of which is to artificially construct a helical flow field to realize the separation of water and sand and, at the same time, percolate the water. In this paper, we use a numerical orthogonal test method to study the influence of structural parameters and their combinations on water extraction by percolation, and the preferred combination of structural parameters. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: Under the condition of certain structural parameters of the artificial riverbed, the single-width flow rate has an important effect on the mean circumferential flow rate of the vortex tube and the vortex tube seepage volume. The effect of different structural parameters on the mean circumferential flow rate of the vortex tube and the vortex tube seepage varies in magnitude. The longitudinal slope of artificial riverbed i had the greatest and most significant effect on the mean circumferential flow rate of the vortex tube, and each structural parameter had some effect on the vortex tube seepage Q but not to a significant level. When the sand content of the water flow is 15 kg/m3 and the maximum sand grain size of the suspended mass is 2 mm, the optimal structural parameter combinations of the artificial riverbed under different working conditions are as follows: Combination 20 is the optimal structural parameter combination for q = 0.3 m2/s; Combination 24 is the optimal structural parameter combination for q = 0.6 m2/s; and Combination 24 is the optimal structural parameter combination for q = 0.9 m2/s. The present study is of great significance for understanding the influence of each structural parameter and its combination on the effect of the water intake and sand discharge of an artificial percolation intake riverbed, and for optimizing the combination of the structural parameters of an artificial percolation intake riverbed.

Design of Positive Pressure Re-Acceleration Assisted Seeding Mechanism for Corn Based on CFD-EDEM Gas-Solid Coupling Simulation

This study proposes a positive pressure re-acceleration assisted seeding mechanism and analyzes the motion mechanism of corn seeds during the seeding process. By employing the CFD-EDEM gas-solid coupling simulation analysis method, the fluid characteristics, initial ejection velocity of seeds, seed dropping time difference, and sowing position difference in the seeding mechanism under different structural parameters of the air pressure valve body were investigated. The optimal structural parameters of the air pressure valve body were determined (nozzle gap c = 0.6 mm, throat constriction diameter d = 16 mm, and throat constriction length l = 44 mm). A multi-factor experimental method was used to explore the effects of airflow pressure, forward speed during sowing, and sowing distance on sowing performance, aiming to identify the optimal working parameters for the positive pressure re-acceleration seeding mechanism. High-speed camera technology was used to record and analyze the seed movement process. The results indicate that an increase in positive pressure within the seed guide tube shortens the sowing time of corn seeds, reduces the coefficient of variation of seed dropping time difference, and effectively improves the consistency of sowing distance. The optimal parameters are a forward speed of 8 km/h, sowing distance of 20 cm, airflow pressure of 10 kPa, with a sowing distance coefficient of variation of 7.56%, and a seed dropping time difference coefficient of variation of 5.35%.

Multi-objective optimization of a novel gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone based on response surface methodology

Currently, most major oilfields in China have reached a stage of high water content, where the extracted fluid is often accompanied by significant volumes of associated gas. This situation increases extraction costs and elevates safety risks. To address these challenges, this paper presents an innovative redesign of the traditional gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone (GLCC) by applying composite mechanics to improve the inner cone structure. The new design is tailored for conditions with high gas content and flow rates. Using response surface optimization, the optimal structural parameters for the separator were identified: an inlet area of 881 mm2, a column diameter of 110 mm, and an inner cone height of 189 mm. Furthermore, the study integrates numerical simulation with experimental research to compare and analyze the flow characteristics and separation performance of the GLCC before and after optimization. The results demonstrate that the optimized GLCC achieves a separation efficiency of 93.2 %, an improvement of 21.2 percentage points over the initial design, with a maximum pressure loss of 0.0621 MPa. The experimental findings and numerical simulations show strong agreement, confirming the efficacy of the new design.