Structural Equation Modeling Analysis Research Articles

The mediating role of problematic TikTok use and loneliness in the relationship between mindfulness and psychological resilience in adolescents

Throughout life, individuals encounter many different upsetting events. The concepts of psychological resilience and mindfulness come to the fore in the situations encountered. The dynamics of these concepts and the extent to which they are related to loneliness and problematic TikTok use demonstrate the importance of the research. The aim of this study was to test the mediating role of problematic TikTok use and loneliness in the relationship between mindfulness and psychological resilience in adolescents. In the study, Mindfulness Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale, Brief Psychological Resilience Scale, and Problematic TikTok Use Scale were administered to 354 students (236 girls and 118 boys) with an average age of 14.7 years who were studying in different high schools in Turkey. The data were tested using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling analyses. The results of the study showed that problematic TikTok use and loneliness had a partial mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness and psychological resilience in adolescents. In the model with serial mediation, it was concluded that individuals with high levels of mindfulness had low levels of loneliness and problematic TikTok use and high levels of psychological resilience. Mindfulness predicts psychological resilience directly and indirectly through problematic TikTok use and loneliness. This situation can be interpreted as the impairment of psychological resilience, the level of mindfulness can be impaired by TikTok use and individuals can become lonely. This result was discussed in the light of theoretical and empirical data.

Impact of Petty Tyranny on Employee Turnover Intentions: The Mediating Roles of Toxic Workplace Environment and Emotional Exhaustion in Academia

Based on social exchange theory, social psychology theories, and despotic leadership theory, this study explored the impact of petty tyranny on employee turnover intentions. Specifically, the authors examined the mediating effect of toxic workplace environments through emotional exhaustion on this relationship among academicians. The authors surveyed 421 employees using a five-point Likert scale across six universities in Lahore, Pakistan and employed a time-lag research design. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and artificial neural network (ANN) analyses, including performance comparisons of various algorithms, were used to test the relationships among the variables. The analysis results of the study suggested that petty tyranny does not significantly and directly contribute to employee turnover intentions; however, this relationship is positively and significantly mediated by toxic workplace environments and emotional exhaustion. The results indicated that toxic workplace environments and emotional exhaustion also have a direct effect on employee turnover intentions. A serial full mediation was found between petty tyranny and turnover intentions, mediated through a toxic workplace environment and emotional exhaustion. Similarly, results from the performance comparison of various algorithms reveal trade-offs between precision, recall, and processing time, with ZeroR and Stacking REP Tree emerging as the most effective in terms of overall model accuracy. This study contributes to the literature by examining petty tyranny, workplace environment, and emotional exhaustion, highlighting the need to address tyrannical behavior to improve employee retention in academic organizations. Our study offers valuable practical implications, emphasizing addressing these issues to reduce turnover in academic organizations. Our study also provides recommendations for future research directions.

Burnout Assessment Tool for Students (BAT-S): evidence of validity in a Chilean sample of undergraduate university students

This brief report examines both within-network and between-network construct validity of the Burnout Assessment Tool for Students (BAT-S) in a sample of 461 Chilean undergraduate university students (70.9% female) ranging between 18 and 58 years old (M = 21.6, SD = 4.34). The reliability analysis results showed adequate internal consistency for the overall burnout score and for each dimension. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported a second-order factor (academic burnout) and four first-order factors (exhaustion, mental distance, cognitive impairment, and emotional impairment) solution. Moreover, the results of multiple-group CFA supported gender invariance. Finally, structural equation model (SEM) analysis showed that academic resources and academic demands are associated with academic burnout. Overall, the BAT-S was found to be a reliable and valid tool to assess academic burnout in chilean sample of undergraduate university students.

Exploring the acceptance of virtual reality training systems among construction workers: a combined structural equation modeling and artificial neural network approach

Virtual Reality Training System (VRTS) has been verified effective in safety training in the construction field. However, in China, it is not widely used as a regular training tool. Among all the reasons, the acceptance level of construction workers (CWs) has the decisive impact on the promotion of VRTS. In view of this, this study is devoted to constructing a training model of CWs’ acceptance level of VRTS training that integrates the technology acceptance level model with the theory of planned behavior. What’s more, this paper innovatively introduces three crucial elements of external influences, namely, risk perception (RP), safety climate (SC) and self-efficacy (SE). In order to more accurately figure out the linear and nonlinear relationship between every structure and the factors of CWs’ acceptance level, 528 participating CWs in this study filled in structured questionnaires, through the data of which the analyzing process uses structural equation model and artificial neural network two-stage analysis method. Based on the analyzing results of the study, this paper put forward a series of specific strategies and suggestions to significantly promote the acceptance level of CWs to VRTS training considering the designment, the enterprises and the government.

Exploring the determinants of malnutrition in 2–5 year Iranian children using structural equation modeling: national food and nutrition surveillance

BackgroundChildhood malnutrition remains a critical public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality among children aged 2–5 years. This study was undertaken to assess the nutritional status of 2–5 y children and to explore the main determinants of child malnutrition in eight food insecure provinces of Iran.MethodsIn each province, participants were invited to attend the health house/center to complete the questionnaire on the pre-appointed day. In this study, an android application comprising electronic questionnaires was employed for data collection. Anthropometric, dietary, food security and socioeconomic status (SES) assessments were performed. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was done to assess the structural relationship of malnutrition indicators (z-score of height to age (HAZ), z-score of weight to age (WAZ) and z-score of weight to height (WHZ)) with other variables.ResultsOverall, 2247 children aged 42.2 ± 0.3 months were enrolled in the study, of whom 1048 (46.6%) were female and 1438 (64%) were urban residents. Based on Z score criteria, 216 (10.1%) of the studied children had less than − 2SD HAZ, 193 (8.4%) had lower than − 2SD WHZ and 188 (8.1%) had lower than − 2SD WAZ. The prevalence rates of stunting, wasting and underweight were not significantly different between boys and girls. Nevertheless, the occurrence of stunting was significantly higher in children residing in rural than in urban areas (p = 0.025). SEM analysis revealed that higher SES had a positive relationship with HAZ (0.089), WAZ (0.163) and WHZ (0.109). The effect of SES was greatest on WAZ, indicated by the highest absolute value of a path coefficient. There were specific indirect effects of father’s education on HAZ (0.032, p = 0.001), WHZ (0.045, < 0.001) and WAZ (0.061, < 0.001) through effect on SES and DDS. SES had a direct effect on DDS (0.202).ConclusionsOur findings using SEM approach provided more concrete evidence for the effect of the household’s SES on child’s nutritional status. Nevertheless, we still need to monitor the studied population in the context of our surveillance program to document more conclusive causal associations.

Artificial intelligence-driven brand strategy: Impact on awareness, image, equity, and loyalty

The study investigates the impact of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbots on brand dynamics within the banking sector, focusing on the interrelationships between AI implementation and key brand dimensions, including awareness, equity, image, and loyalty. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis on data collected from 520 banking customers, the study tests eight hypotheses to explore the direct and indirect effects of AI-driven interactions on brand development. The findings reveal that AI chatbots significantly enhance brand awareness in banking services, demonstrating moderate positive effects on both brand equity and brand image. Notably, while brand awareness exerts a strong influence on brand image, it does not have a significant direct effect on brand loyalty. Instead, the study shows that brand loyalty is primarily developed through the mediating effects of brand equity and image, with brand image exerting a particularly strong influence on brand equity. For banking practitioners, these insights suggest a need to integrate AI chatbots within a comprehensive brand strategy that merges technological innovation with traditional relationship-building approaches. Limitations of the study and potential directions for future research are also discussed, providing avenues for further exploration of AI’s role in brand management.

The Role of Training in Big Data Analytics Adoption: An Empirical Study of Auditors Using the Technology Acceptance Model

This study investigates the impact of training on auditors' intention to adopt Big Data Analytics (BDA) in auditing processes, using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical framework. This study seeks to fill the gap in research on the impact of training in the adoption of BDA in audit procedures. While most existing studies have concentrated on the general benefits and challenges of BDA in auditing and other business sectors, they have largely overlooked the specific influence of training as an external factor on the use of BDA in auditing processes. Moreover, there is a significant research gap concerning the application of BDA in developing countries, including Palestine. A census survey of 94 auditors from Big Four accounting firms in Palestine was conducted, with an 86% response rate. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis revealed that training positively influences perceived usefulness (β = 0.658, p &lt; 0.001) and perceived ease of use (β = 0.616, p &lt; 0.001) of BDA tools. Perceived usefulness significantly affects behavioral intention to adopt BDA (β = 0.532, p &lt; 0.001), while perceived ease of use does not. Behavioral intention positively impacts actual use of BDA tools (β = 0.481, p &lt; 0.001). Based on these findings, audit firms should focus on strategies to translate positive intentions into actual usage. This can be accomplished through ongoing support and resources, such as regular training programs and showcasing success stories that highlight the practical advantages of BDA tools. By fostering an environment that actively supports and encourages the use of BDA, audit firms can ensure that their auditors not only intend to use these tools but also integrate them into their daily auditing practices. This paper contributes to understanding BDA adoption in auditing, particularly in developing countries, and provide insights for audit firms in designing effective training programs to enhance BDA adoption.

Organic Amendments Enhance Peanut Nodulation by Influencing Interactions Between Rhizobia and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Peanut Rhizosphere

The primary mechanism through which organic amendments enhance the nodulation ability of leguminous crops involves increasing the content of available phosphorus (AP) in the soil. Despite this, the role of plant rhizosphere microbial communities has not been fully appreciated. This study investigated the impact of different fertilization treatments, including a no-fertilizer control group (CK), a chemical nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium treatment group (NPK), and a group treated with both organic manure and chemical NPK (NPKM), on the structure of microbial communities in the peanut rhizosphere and their nodulation ability using high-throughput sequencing technology, co-occurrence network analysis, and structural equation modeling. The peanut nodule count increased significantly on organic manure plus NPK application, ranging from 2.26 to 2.50 times that of the CK treatment group. Under NPKM treatment, the diversity of bacterial and rhizobial communities in the peanut rhizosphere significantly improved. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that the peanut rhizosphere microbial co-occurrence network under NPKM treatment was more complex. Additionally, the ecological importance of rhizobial groups within the network significantly increased. Further analysis of the interaction patterns between different microbial groups revealed that under NPKM treatment, the positive correlation ratio between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and rhizobia (RPAR) was significantly higher than that in the CK and NPK treatment groups. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis demonstrated that the RPAR significantly enhanced peanut nodulation ability, an effect that was positively modulated by AP. In summary, this study highlights the potential key role of the synergistic action between rhizobia and AMF in influencing the nodulation process of leguminous plants and provides a scientific basis for the effective management of plant microbial communities.

Pengaruh Pengawasan dan Budaya Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Yang Dimediasi Disiplin Kerja Pada PT. Nilo Engineering Kab. Pelalawan Riau

This research is motivated by the existence of problems seen from the assessment of employee performance at PT Nilo Engineering Kab. Pelalawan Riau which is still lacking in supervision and work culture through work discipline, from the results of the interview the decline occurred because employees could not complete the work according to the specified time. Therefore the authors are interested in conducting research on how the influence of supervision and work culture on performance mediated by work discipline at PT Nilo Engineering in Pelalawan Regency Riau. This research uses quantitative methods. While the population and sample in this study were employees at PT. Nilo Engineering as many as 100 people. The data sources in this study are primary and secondary data. With questionnaire data collection techniques, interviews, and literature studies. To analyze the data used structural equation model analysis with pls by developing a measurement model (outer model) and developing a structural model (inner model). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the research on the Effect of Supervision and Work Culture on Employee Performance mediated by Work Discipline at PT Nilo Engineering Pelalawan Riau, shows that: (1) Work supervision affects work discipline at PT Nilo Engineering Pelalawan Riau. (2) Work culture affects work discipline at PT Nilo Engineering Pelalawan Riau. (3) Work supervision affects employee performance at PT Nilo Engineering Pelalawan Riau. (4) Work culture affects employee performance at PT Nilo Engineering Pelalawan Riau. (5) Work discipline affects employee performance at PT Nilo Engineering Pelalawan Riau. (6) Work supervision affects employee performance with work discipline as a mediating variable at PT Nilo Engineering Pelalawan Riau. (7) Work Culture affects employee performance with work discipline as a mediating variable at PT Nilo Engineering Pelalawan Riau.

How does augmented reality enhance brand equity? The mediating role of the vividness experience

PurposeAdvancements in augmented reality (AR) technology have increased the interest in improving brand equity by creating AR-enhanced branding experiences. However, despite the potential of AR branding, knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms required for AR features to build brand equity remains limited. Thus, we considered embodied cognition theory to investigate how designing AR features enhances brand equity, particularly through the vivid experience of AR-enhanced body–environment interaction. Specifically, this study focused on both environmental and physical AR features: environmental embedding (EE) and simulated physical control (SPC).Design/methodology/approachThe results of an online experiment with 297 participants in a 2 (high/low EE) × 2 (high/low SPC) between-subjects design underwent analysis of covariance and structural equation modeling to examine the relationship between AR features, vividness and brand equity. We also examined the moderating effects of prior AR experiences.FindingsThe results support most hypotheses that the experience of vividness is a crucial mediator linking AR features (EE and SPC) and consumer-based brand equity. The findings confirm the influential role of prior AR experience in the moderated mediation model, implying that AR-enhanced brand equity occurs primarily among technically adept AR consumers.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by identifying AR-enhanced body–environment interactions as a novel approach for enhancing brand equity. We also revealed the antecedents of vividness in the context of AR-enhanced branding. Moreover, the findings reveal that AR effects are contingent on consumers’ prior AR experience.

What Do We Know about E-commerce Live Streaming Discourse from Five Years of Research? A Systematic Review (2019–2023)

This article conducts a comprehensive review of 26 previous studies on E-commerce live streaming discourse spanning the years 2019 to 2023. Adopting the Prisma framework, the review focuses on four key aspects: 1) the topics addressed by scholars, 2) the research methods employed, 3) the findings garnered by diverse researchers, and 4) the insights derived from the limitations of these studies, guiding future research directions. The findings suggest that scholars predominantly focus on discourse strategies and stylistic aspects. Qualitative studies often combine Discourse Analysis (DA) or Pragmatics, whereas quantitative studies more frequently employ methods like Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) or Regression Analysis. Furthermore, the findings underscore the effectiveness of well-crafted discourse strategies in facilitating viewing purchases. Future research directions should aim to incorporate a broader sample size and a more extensive blend of both empirical and quantitative methodologies. In conclusion, this study pioneers the synthesis of e-commerce live streaming discourse research, offering timely and reliable insights that establish a robust foundation for future investigations and point towards potential research trajectories.

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards postoperative management among patients with type A aortic dissection or their relatives: a cross-sectional study in China

ObjectivesTo assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of patients with type A aortic dissection (AD) or their relatives regarding postoperative management.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThe participants were recruited from three hospitals between...

Can high-involvement management enhance teacher professionalism in China? A structural equation modeling analysis

As a multifaceted concept, teacher professionalism lays particular emphasis on strong moral purposes and commitment to the teaching profession in the Chinese cultural context, compared with teacher agency, but it is not yet known whether it can be enhanced by high-involvement management in Chinese schools. By conducting a questionnaire survey of primary and secondary school teachers, this study used structural equation modeling to unpack the relationship between high-involvement management and teacher professionalism. The results showed that high-involvement management had a significant positive effect on career commitment and positive emotions of teachers, which both exerted the positive effects on professionalism. Career commitment and positive emotions play the single mediation and sequential mediation between high-involvement management and teacher professionalism. The high-involvement management model cannot directly facilitate professionalism, but only have an indirect positive impact through the full mediation of career commitment and positive emotions.

The influence of artificial intelligence on electronic audit evidence: exploring the mediating role of digital transformation: evidence from Jordanian export firms

This study investigates the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)—specifically Machine Learning (ML), Natural Language Processing (NLP), and Expert Systems (ES)—on Electronic Audit Evidence (EAE) and the mediating role of Digital Transformation (DT) within the Jordanian Export Firms. A survey of 347 employees was conducted, and data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results show that ML → DT (Path Coefficient = 0.431, T-Statistic = 5.2, p = 0.000**) and ES → DT (Path Coefficient = 0.302, T-Statistic = 4, p = 0.002**) significantly contribute to DT. However, NLP → DT was not supported (p = 0.064). DT → EAE (Path Coefficient = 0.107, T-Statistic = 1.8, p = 0.002) positively influences EAE, and ML → EAE (Path Coefficient = 0.329, T-Statistic = 4, p = 0.001**) has a significant positive effect on EAE. Conversely, NLP → EAE (Path Coefficient = -0.189, T-Statistic = -3.1, p = 0.002**) shows a negative impact on EAE. DT → ML → EAE (Path Coefficient = 0.125, T-Statistic = 2.5, p = 0.008*) is supported, demonstrating that DT mediates the relationship between ML and EAE. However, DT → ES → EAE was not supported (p = 0.085). These findings underscore the importance of ML and ES in driving digital transformation and EAE adoption in the sector.

Exploring Chinese Millennials’ Minimalist Consumption Behavior in the Context of Global Economic Downturn: A PLS-SEM Analysis Based on Symbolic and Simulacrum Consumption Perception

In the context of a global economic downturn, Millennials—who represent the emerging primary consumer demographic—are increasingly adopting a minimalist consumption model. To understand this phenomenon, this study employed a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis of 554 survey responses from Chinese Millennials. Building on the Theory of Reasoned Action, we explored the effects of consumption orientation, perceived economic pressure, self-expression, and perceived consumption risk on symbolic and simulacrum consumption perceptions. Furthermore, we investigated how these perceptions shape minimalist consumption awareness and behavior. The findings indicate the following: (1) consumption orientation significantly and positively influences symbolic consumption perception; (2) self-expression and perceived consumption risk positively affect both symbolic and simulacrum consumption perceptions; (3) symbolic consumption perception has a positive impact on minimalist consumption awareness; and (4) upward social comparison exerts a significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between minimalist consumption awareness and behavior. This study is the first to integrate symbolic and simulacrum consumption into the analytical framework of Millennials’ minimalist consumption behavior, shedding light on the nuanced relationship between self-expression and consumption behavior under economic pressure. The findings contribute a novel theoretical perspective for future research on minimalist consumption and offer practical insights for businesses aiming to devise effective marketing strategies amidst economic challenges.

Does Employee Wellbeing Mediate the Relationship between Job Characteristics and Job Performance in the Banking Industry? An Emerging Country Perspective

Banks play a crucial role in fostering and sustaining economic development within each country. Moreover, the rapid evolution of technology significantly influences the banking industry, ushering in profound changes in work dynamics. The post-COVID-19 era has accentuated the importance of employee well-being as a critical necessity for all workers. This study aims to elucidate the interplay between job characteristics, employee well- being, and job performance. A self-administered survey was conducted with employees working in the Vietnamese banking industry. After 4 months, we received 831 valid responses from 15 Vietnamese joint-stock commercial banks. SMARTPLS software was employed for structural equation modelling analysis. The findings shed light on the intricate relationships between job characteristics, employee well-being, and job performance. Building upon these insights, the study provides recommendations for Vietnamese banks to enhance job performance by refining job characteristics and fostering employee well-being.

Exploring a representative model for associations between health dimensions and home as an informal office

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic transformed homes into multifunctional spaces, highlighting their readiness to serve as informal workplaces and impacting the health of their inhabitants. Therefore, this study explores how architectural attributes influence self-perceived physical, mental, and social health and examines the mediated relationships among these health dimensions while working from home. Using survey data from 261 participants, we employed multiple regression and Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analyses to address two key questions: Which combination of health dimensions best explains the work-from-home situation? What housing attributes directly and indirectly foster physical, mental, and social health? Our findings showed the full mediation and sequential precedence of mental health prior to physical and social health in the work-from-home situation, offering the most robust model for linking built environment features to health dimensions. The implications for architectural design and the importance of creating health-supportive environments, primarily through improving indoor environmental quality and sociospatial features, are elaborated in the discussion, providing a detailed analysis of how different features impact health.

Factors Influencing Student Learning Outcomes through Learning Motivation: A Case Study at A University in Vietnam

The study analyzes the factors affecting students' learning outcomes through learning motivation with a case study conducted at Nam Can Tho University. The research has developed a model incorporating six main factors: learning methods, family and friends, teaching methods, training program, facilities, and learning motivation. A mixed research approach was employed, integrating both qualitative and quantitative methods. A survey of 300 students was conducted to validate the hypotheses and research model. The structural equation model (SEM) analysis using SmartPls 4.0 indicated that the training program, family and friends, teaching methods, facilities, and learning methods positively influenced students' learning motivation. Among these, the training program had the most substantial impact, and learning motivation played a training program mediating role in improving students' learning outcomes. The findings are expected to enhance educational policies at Nam Can Tho University, aiming to foster student motivation and learning outcomes, thereby improving the quality of human resource training.

The Mediating Roles of Customer Trust and Satisfaction in E-Service Quality and the Repurchase Intention Relationship

The rapid growth of information technology and the internet has changed how the company runs its business. In an increasingly competitive business environment, gaining and increasing market share is a priority for companies in the E-Commerce industry. The study aims to determine the impact of E-Service Quality on Repurchase Intention, mediated by Customer Trust and Customer Satisfaction on E-Commerce users. The data is processed using a quantitative approach using the SEM-PLS method. The validity and reliability tests are first performed to determine the validity of the data, followed by the analysis of Structural Equation Modelling to determine the direct and indirect effect between research variables. Research results show that E-Service Quality significantly affects Customer Trust and Customer Satisfaction. In addition, Customer Trust and Customer Satisfaction significantly affect Repurchase Intention. Furthermore, E-Service Quality does not directly have a significant effect on Repurchase Intention. However, E-Service Quality indirectly affects Repurchase Intention through Customer Trust and Customer Satisfaction. Based on the research results, E-Commerce users make online repurchases not only based on the quality of the service received but also on the consumer's trust and satisfaction generated by the product or brand offered, which can significantly increase consumer repurchasing.

Assessing the mediating role of locus of control on financial literacy, financial attitude, and financial management behavior in Generation Z

The purpose of this study was to determine how financial literacy and financial attitudes affect financial management behavior through locus of control in generation Z in Kuningan Regency. Primary data was collected through questionnaires distributed using Google forms.. The secondary data obtained is adjusted to the literature related to the research. The sample in this study is 322 respondents taken using non-probability sampling techniques. The analysis method used in this study is by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Analysis with the help of the SEM AMOS Version 23 program. The results of this study show that financial literacy and financial attitude have a positive and significant effect on financial management behavior. Financial literacy and financial attitude have a positive and significant effect on the locus of control. (5) locus of control has a positive and significant effect on financial management behavior. (6) locus of control can mediate the influence of financial literacy and financial attitude on financial management behavior.