Strong Patent Portfolio Research Articles

The effects of foreign patent litigation on firms’ patent strategies: evidence from Chinese litigants in the US court

ABSTRACT The internationally orientated market leads to a surge of cross-border patent litigations. Despite the growing literature on patent litigations, research on the impact of patent litigation on firms’ patent strategy is sparse, especially on the impact of foreign patent litigations. Using US patent infringement lawsuits in which Chinese public firms act as defendants, this paper investigates the effect of foreign patent litigation on firms’ subsequent patent outputs and patent trajectories. We find that the experience of foreign patent litigation increases the accused firms’ subsequent patent filings, and those firms tend to apply exploitative patents instead of exploratory patents. We further find that such promoting impact is more pronounced for firms with a high level of international intensity and firms in the ICT industry. These findings highlight the role of foreign patent litigation in future patent creation, thus enriching the literature on patent litigation and international business. According to the results, firms should take foreign patent litigation as an opportunity to build a strong patent portfolio and improve patent strategies.

Opportunities for Patents in Pharmaceutical Industry: An empirical study Drug Developers Opinion

Industries devote huge sums of money and resources in research and development to bring new medications to market in the fiercely competitive pharmaceutical sector. The price of creating new pharmaceuticals is significant, and it can take a while for them to reach the market. Patents give pharmaceutical companies a temporary legal monopoly on their product, which encourages innovation by enabling them to recoup their costs and turn a profit. In the pharmaceutical sector, there is a huge potential for patents, and businesses are constantly looking for innovative strategies to safeguard their inventions. Patents give drug developers an advantage over rivals in the market in addition to safeguarding their intellectual property. A business that has a substantial patent portfolio can stop rivals from entering the market and stealing market share. A strong patent portfolio can also draw investors and business partners because it shows a company's dedication to innovation and capability to safeguard its intellectual property. People from Pharmaceutical industry are considered in this research work, and it is found that Patents give pharmaceutical firm a legal monopoly on temporary basis on their product, Patents give medicine developers a competitive edge in the market, Patents has given Indian pharmaceutical firms the chance to be more creative and develop novel medications.

Rapid Cycle Temperature Swing Adsorption Process Using Solid Structured Sorbent for CO2 capture from Cement Flue Gas

Concrete is the most widely used man-made material in the world. The production process of cement, a key component of concrete, contributes significantly to CO2 emissions. Every year, over 4 billion tonnes of cement are produced, releasing approximately 7%-8% of global CO2 emissions [1]. Cement flue gas, processes and raw materials, contain around 16% CO2 and 7-10% O2 and NOX /SOX (100-300 ppm), contingent on the fuel type. High amounts of NOX/SOX are a significant challenge for any carbon capture system. The presence of high O2 concentration in the emitted gas stream can chemically degrade typical amines via production of amides or other oxide derivatives. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct preliminary studies at a pilot scale using real cement flue gas conditions to develop a viable technology and accurate techno-economic analysis for large plants (1 million+ tonnes of captured CO2 per year). Svante (formerly Inventys) has a strong patent portfolio on Rapid Cycle Temperature Swing Adsorption (RC-TSA) processes using structured adsorbents, steam-assisted direct regeneration with fast kinetics (< 1.5 mins cycle time) as an alternative to traditional liquid amine technologies. This project utilized scaled up CALF-20 sorbent, one of the first Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) used in an industrial CO2 capture project. This MOF is robust with regards to steam, O2 and acidic contaminant gases (such a NOX/SOX) which make it an ideal candidate for the cement CO2 capture application. This article discusses efforts to scale up the CALF-20 MOF sorbent from lab scale to ton scale. A review of CALF-20 performance after 2300 hrs of VeloxoTherm™ capture process results on a boiler flue gas doped with CO2 and Air to simulate Cement kiln flue gas at 0.1 TPD capacity is presented. Also included are results from Phase 1 of the cement project related to NOX/SOX stability tests on CALF-20 sorbent.

Survey on the Patent Law Awareness and the Entrepreneurial Trend of Greece’s Graduates of Technology Institutes

In information technology industry, the development of new technology achievements influences and inspires the business world, serves and contributes to the progress of society. This rapidly evolving technological advancement needs a legal framework in order to obtain social and commercial status. Patent Law is the legal science and patent is the legal tool that adds value to intangible assets and therefore technology scientists are motivated to ensure their invention with a patent and also dominant technology enterprises are competing for the development of a strong patent portfolio. For the first time in Greece, combining the fields of intellectual property law and technological innovation, we created a survey using a questionnaire that was distributed in 2019, to graduated students of technology institutes in Greece. The purpose of the present survey is to clarify the knowhow of students as for the legal point of view of technology. We intend to find out, whether Greece’s potential inventors have beyond their technological background, the skills and knowledge to support a potential innovative idea. The results of the survey were that students have confidence in the institution of patents; however they lack the knowledge of patenting technological inventions. At the same time they have a positive attitude and motivation for entrepreneurship in the technological industry. Consequently, it is vital to apply measures in education, for the next generation technical inventors to have the knowhow of utilizing their intellectual asset in their own free will. Then, we can refer to integrated scientist technocrats who can protect their intellectual property and manage a competitive business.

RETRACTED: Integrated knowledge exploitation: The complementarity of product development and technology licensing

AbstractIn light of increasing licensing, we challenge the common assumption that product development and technology licensing are substitutes. We develop a resource‐based framework, which distinguishes a firm's technological resource base and technology exploitation processes. We further combine survey, patent, and financial data of 228 medium‐sized and large industrial companies to examine the interactions of firms' product development processes and technology licensing processes in order to explain heterogeneity in new product revenues, licensing performance, and firm performance. The results underscore that product development, which indicates innovative capacity, and technology licensing, which indicates desorptive capacity, are complements rather than substitutes in integrated knowledge exploitation in medium‐sized and large firms. This complementarity is particularly pronounced in firms with an emphasis on cross‐licensing and with a strong patent portfolio. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Patent strategies for life sciences companies to navigate the changing patent landscape

As a result of the global recession that began in 2008, life sciences companies face a groundswell of new business and regulatory pressures that includes health care and patent reform, increased pricing pressures, and diluted markets. Bringing new products from discovery to market is becoming more expensive and unpredictable. In the pharmaceutical sector, some predict that the age of the blockbuster drug has ended as generics present a growing threat to the pharmaceutical giants. Further, with a large number of key patent expirations looming through 2014, analysts expect that large pharmaceutical companies will lose over US$150 billion of revenues of brand name drugs.In response to declining sales and rising R&amp;D costs, the life sciences industry is pursuing new market opportunities by expanding beyond the developed markets of the United States, Europe and Japan, and into emerging markets such as China and India. Despite market uncertainties, however, venture capital funding in the life sciences sector (including pharmaceuticals and medical devices) is on the rise with $2.1 billion going into 206 deals during the second quarter of 201l, an increase of 37 per cent in dollars and 12 per cent in deal volume. To survive – and thrive – in these tumultuous times, both large and small life sciences companies face pressure to develop new products and technological advancements.Patents are pivotal to the life sciences industry. In order to succeed, life sciences companies must distinguish themselves from their competitors through their intellectual property portfolios. A successful patent portfolio represents a well-reasoned business strategy, where each patent is a single strategic building block in a larger portfolio that reflects present and future business objectives. A strong patent portfolio is also important in the current life sciences investment climate, where venture capital funding is often dependent on whether a company has secured its intellectual property assets, thereby validating a company's technology and demonstrating its commercial potential. Although building and maintaining a strong patent portfolio is important for all life sciences companies, it is most critical for early-stage companies. Patent portfolios are often the driving force for major events in the life cycle of a life sciences company, including mergers and acquisitions, public offerings, venture capital investment, strategic collaborations, joint ventures and litigation.As a result of recent measures taken by the US Congress, the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and the US Supreme Court to reform the current US patent system, life sciences companies must respond with strong patent strategies that address these reforms without sacrificing the company's competitive edge in the marketplace. Such comprehensive technology strategies must maximize patent coverage of a company's current core technology and future improvements, monitor the patent landscape and explore ways to patent white space, and consider cross-licensing opportunities with competitors. With these strategies in place, life sciences companies can withstand patent reform and ensure their success in today's competitive and rapidly evolving global commercialization landscape.

Intellectual property landscape and patenting opportunity in biofuels

The oil embargo of the 1970s forced a realisation that our fossil fuel resources are finite and fast dwindling. Three decades later, this realisation is once again hitting us hard. The good news is that this time around there is a high degree of scientific confidence that a commercially viable, renewable transportation energy resource, competitive with fossil fuel in terms of cost, may be realised within the next 10 to 20 years. Much of this is the result of the recent scientific breakthroughs in genomics and bioengineering. In recent years, a significant number of start-up biofuel companies have emerged and are offering novel biofuel technologies that promise to move these emerging technologies past the research and development stage and into commercialisation. These companies are well advised to develop a viable intellectual property (IP) strategy and a strong patent portfolio to attract investment. This paper is intended to introduce the reader to the emerging biofuel IP landscape and to identify patenting opportunity.

A clearing house for diagnostic testing: the solution to ensure access to and use of patented genetic inventions?

In genetic diagnostics, the emergence of a so-called "patent thicket" is imminent. Such an overlapping set of patent rights may have restrictive effects on further research and development of diagnostic tests, and the provision of clinical diagnostic services. Currently, two models that may facilitate access to and use of patented genetic inventions are attracting much debate in various national and international fora: patent pools and clearing houses. In this article, we explore the concept of clearing houses. Several types of clearing houses are identified. First, we describe and discuss two types that would provide access to information on the patented inventions: the information clearing house and the technology exchange clearing house. Second, three types of clearing houses are analysed that not only offer access to information but also provide an instrument to facilitate the use of the patented inventions: the open access clearing house, the standardized licences clearing house and the royalty collection clearing house. A royalty collection clearing house for genetic diagnostic testing would be the most comprehensive as it would serve several functions: identifying patents and patent claims essential to diagnostic testing, matching licensees with licensors, developing and supplying standardized licences, collecting royalties, monitoring whether users respect licensing conditions, and providing dispute resolution services such as mediation and arbitration. In this way, it might function as an effective model for users to facilitate access to and use of the patented inventions. However, it remains to be seen whether patent holders with a strong patent portfolio will be convinced by the advantages of the royalty collection clearing house and be willing to participate.

Patent Due Diligence in Emerging Technology Businesses

A strong patent portfolio and a favorable patent environment are two important criteria for the success of an emerging technology business. To check these is the task of patent due diligence. It reveals which obstacles the business9s patent portfolio puts in the way of possible imitators and assesses the danger of the business being blocked by the patent rights of others. By clarifying the business9 patent situation, a patent due diligence also lays the foundation for formulating a suitable patent strategy.

Gains and pains from licensing—patent-portfolios as strategic weapons in the cardiac rhythm management industry

Because of the rapidly growing number of elderly people, products for the treatment of cardiac rhythm disorders (pacemakers) are a major part of the US $130 billion medical device market. Since 1994 two US companies, Medtronic Inc. and St. Jude Medical Inc., have dominated the pacemaker segment. Very interestingly, the two competitors show substantially different developments of their financial performance. This case study offers some answers to the question, what may have caused these developments? A review of the most recent history of the two companies, and a third player which is of particular interest, Siemens AG, shows that these companies have followed different strategies to achieve success in the pacemaker market. Since technological progress has been of prime importance in the pacemaker industry, patent analyses were conducted. It is shown that a strong patent-portfolio can be an important strategic weapon in the pacemaker industry.

Patent strategies for life sciences companies to navigate the changing patent landscape

As a result of the global recession that began in 2008, life sciences companies face a groundswell of new business and regulatory pressures that includes health care and patent reform, increased pricing pressures, and diluted markets. Bringing new products from discovery to market is becoming more expensive and unpredictable. In the pharmaceutical sector, some predict that the age of the blockbuster drug has ended as generics present a growing threat to the pharmaceutical giants. Further, with a large number of key patent expirations looming through 2014, analysts expect that large pharmaceutical companies will lose over US$150 billion of revenues of brand name drugs.In response to declining sales and rising R&amp;D costs, the life sciences industry is pursuing new market opportunities by expanding beyond the developed markets of the United States, Europe and Japan, and into emerging markets such as China and India. Despite market uncertainties, however, venture capital funding in the life sciences sector (including pharmaceuticals and medical devices) is on the rise with $2.1 billion going into 206 deals during the second quarter of 201l, an increase of 37 per cent in dollars and 12 per cent in deal volume. To survive – and thrive – in these tumultuous times, both large and small life sciences companies face pressure to develop new products and technological advancements.Patents are pivotal to the life sciences industry. In order to succeed, life sciences companies must distinguish themselves from their competitors through their intellectual property portfolios. A successful patent portfolio represents a well-reasoned business strategy, where each patent is a single strategic building block in a larger portfolio that reflects present and future business objectives. A strong patent portfolio is also important in the current life sciences investment climate, where venture capital funding is often dependent on whether a company has secured its intellectual property assets, thereby validating a company's technology and demonstrating its commercial potential. Although building and maintaining a strong patent portfolio is important for all life sciences companies, it is most critical for early-stage companies. Patent portfolios are often the driving force for major events in the life cycle of a life sciences company, including mergers and acquisitions, public offerings, venture capital investment, strategic collaborations, joint ventures and litigation.As a result of recent measures taken by the US Congress, the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and the US Supreme Court to reform the current US patent system, life sciences companies must respond with strong patent strategies that address these reforms without sacrificing the company's competitive edge in the marketplace. Such comprehensive technology strategies must maximize patent coverage of a company's current core technology and future improvements, monitor the patent landscape and explore ways to patent white space, and consider cross-licensing opportunities with competitors. With these strategies in place, life sciences companies can withstand patent reform and ensure their success in today's competitive and rapidly evolving global commercialization landscape.

Intellectual property landscape and patenting opportunity in biofuels

The oil embargo of the 1970s forced a realisation that our fossil fuel resources are finite and fast dwindling. Three decades later, this realisation is once again hitting us hard. The good news is that this time around there is a high degree of scientific confidence that a commercially viable, renewable transportation energy resource, competitive with fossil fuel in terms of cost, may be realised within the next 10 to 20 years. Much of this is the result of the recent scientific breakthroughs in genomics and bioengineering. In recent years, a significant number of start-up biofuel companies have emerged and are offering novel biofuel technologies that promise to move these emerging technologies past the research and development stage and into commercialisation. These companies are well advised to develop a viable intellectual property (IP) strategy and a strong patent portfolio to attract investment. This paper is intended to introduce the reader to the emerging biofuel IP landscape and to identify patenting opportunity.