Strong Parent-child Relationship Research Articles

Discussion on the Path of Group Work to Enhance Parent-child Relationship of Children from the Perspective of Increasing Enhancement—Take the X Community in Chengdu City as an Example

The migration of households within China's population is a clear trend, and the proportion of migrant children is increasing annually. The government has gradually paid more attention to the migrant population and the children living with them, and has introduced preferential policies to alleviate the pressure they face. However, migrant children experience frequent mobility within their family structure, which can negatively impact their personal development, psychological health, and socialization. Comprehensive factors leading to poor family interactions in mobile families. A strong parent-child relationship is crucial for successful socialization of children and adolescents, and plays a pivotal role in the process of children's physical and mental development. Therefore, how to solve the parent-child problems encountered by these families after their mobility is the problem that social work should pay attention to. From the perspective of empowerment, this study utilizes the group work method to intervene in the parent-child relationship of migrant children, aiming at providing some experience for the research and practice of exploring the path of improving the parent-child relationship of migrant children.

The relationship between family-school socioeconomic status match and adolescent aggressive behavior.

The objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of the match between family and school socioeconomic status (SES) on adolescents' aggressive behaviors. Additionally, the moderating roles of gender and the parent-child relationship were examined. A total of 2,823 adolescents completed the Aggressive Behavior Scale, the Parent-Child Relationship Scale, and the Family SES Scale. School SES was measured by the average family SES of all students in the school. SES was categorized as high or low based on one standard deviation above or below the mean. The results showed that when there was a match between family and school SES, adolescents with "Low Family-Low School" SES exhibited more aggressive behaviors compared to those with "High Family-High School" SES. When there was a mismatch between family and school SES, adolescents with "High Family-Low School" SES exhibited higher levels of aggressive behaviors than those with "Low Family-High School" SES. Gender did not moderate these effects. Furthermore, when the parent-child relationship was poor, adolescents exhibited higher levels of aggressive behaviors when family SES exceeded school SES. Conversely, the effects of family and school SES on aggressive behavior were not significant when the parent-child relationship was strong. The present study highlights that the match and mismatch between family and school SES significantly influence adolescents' aggressive behaviors and that a strong parent-child relationship has a protective effect.

Transitioning to college with ADHD: a qualitative examination of parental support and the renegotiation of the parent-child relationship.

Objective: In the transition to college, students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often face difficulties. Parental support may aid in the successful adjustment to college, and a strong parent-child relationship (PCR) may optimize the balance between autonomy and support necessary during this transition. Method: Few studies have examined this; therefore, a qualitative study using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was conducted. First- and second-year college students with ADHD participated in open-ended, one-on-one interviews (N = 11; 64% women, 91% White). Results: The two broad categories of findings included Parental Support and the Renegotiation of the Parent-Child Relationship. Participants described feeling supported by their parents in the progress toward their short- and long-term goals. Students described this support as helpful when they managed or initiated the contact, but as unhelpful when the parent was perceived as over involved. They described a strong PCR in this transition as helpful to their adjustment and enjoyed the renegotiation of the PCR in terms of their own increased autonomy and responsibility. Many additional themes and sub-themes are described herein. Conclusion: Optimal levels of involvement and support from parents in the context of a strong PCR is beneficial for adjustment to college for those with ADHD. We discuss the clinical implications of our findings, such as therapists helping families transition to college, and working with college students with ADHD on an adaptive renegotiation of the PCR in their transition to adulthood.

Pandemic-Related Social Disruption and Well-Being in Pediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases.

ObjectiveThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted everyone, but there are few data regarding how the pandemic has influenced the lives of children with gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. This cross-sectional study assessed pandemic-related social disruption (PRSD) in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease (CD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and the potential buffering effect of the parent–child relationship.MethodsA survey completed between September and December 2020 asked 146 children (ages 8–17) diagnosed with IBD (n = 44), CD (n = 81), or IBS (n = 51) and 185 parents how the pandemic has contributed to social disruption (i.e., financial stability, COVID-19 exposure, school changes, GI needs, and isolation) and their social–emotional well-being. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the role of social disruption on well-being, and the moderating effect of the parent–child relationship.ResultsIncreased social disruption predicted worse parent, β = 0.24, p = .02, and child well-being, β = 0.38, p < .01. The parent–child relationship moderated the relationship between parent and child well-being, β = 0.21, p = .03. Strong parent–child relationships predicted a positive association between parent and child well-being, β = 0.23, p = .003, whereas medium, β = 0.09, p = .14, and poor, β = −0.06, p = .52, relationships did not.ConclusionsPRSD negatively impacted the well-being of children with GI conditions, and the parent–child relationship moderated this relationship. These findings are relevant to pediatric psychologists treating the physical and mental health needs of children with GI conditions and their parents.

The role of the parent-child relationship in fostering resilience in American Indian/Alaskan Native children.

Resilience is a key characteristic to study in families, particularly those who have experienced significant systemic risk factors. While much resilience research focuses on ethnic and cultural minorities, little research focuses specifically on American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) families. The parent-child relationship has been demonstrated to be a key characteristic in families, and this relationship may also serve as a protective factor for AI/AN families. Positive parent-child relationships are consistently linked to positive child outcomes, and parental psychological symptoms are linked with child psychological symptoms in non-Native families. These associations warrant further examination among AI/AN families. We hypothesized that the parent-child relationship would moderate the link between parent distress (i.e., depressive and anxious symptoms) and child internalizing problems in a sample of 57 AI/AN parents of children 3-5 years of age. As expected, the parent-child relationship moderated the associations between parent anxiety symptoms and child internalizing symptoms, and between parent depressive symptoms and child internalizing symptoms. Furthermore, the strength of the parent-child relationship buffered the effects of parent distress on child internalizing symptoms. Results highlight the potentially protective role of strong parent-child relationships in AI/AN families.

Parent-Child Physical Activity Association in Families With 4-to 16-Year-Old Children.

Background: The main aim of this study was to quantify the associations between parents’ and children’s physical activity by age, gender, and the day of the week on the basis of a pedometer-measured step count (SC). Methods: The sample comprised data from 4-to 16-year-old children and their parents from the Czech Republic (1102 mother-child dyads and 693 father-child dyads). The parents and their children wore the Yamax SW200 pedometer during seven days of monitoring. Results: The strongest SC association was found between mothers and daughters aged 4–7.9 years on weekdays (rp = 0.402; p < 0.01) and at weekends (rp = 0.577; p < 0.01). In children aged 8–16, the parent-child association is gender-specific, with the father-son relationship being dominant, especially at weekends (weekend SC: fathers-sons8–11.9 y rp = 0.416, p < 0.01; fathers-sons12–16 y rp = 0.443, p < 0.01). An increase of 1000 steps in the fathers (mothers) is associated with an increase of more than 400 (200) steps in their sons (daughters). Conclusions: This study confirms a strong parent-child SC relationship in children younger than eight years of age. In older children, the parent-child SC association is gender-specific and dominated by the father-son relationship, particularly on weekends. The SC associations that are revealed can be used for the development of physical activity programs for adolescents.

Parental Perceptions of Mental Health Disorders, and the Effect on Their Children

Could parental perceptions of mental health disorders affect the mental health of their own children? There has been research on the importance of a strong parent-child relationship for child development, but very little has been done to identify other possible factors. The current literature identifies parent child arguments, parent mental health disorders, and parent-child closeness as factors in poor child mental health. This paper will focus on the children’s awareness of their parents’ perception of people with mental health disorders. This was done by conducting an online survey over a series of weeks. The results show a correlation between a parent’s poor attitudes towards mental health, and the poor mental health of their own children.

26. PEDIATRIC RESIDENCY LEADERSHIPS’ ATTITUDES AND CURRENT PRACTICES TOWARD PARENTING-FOCUSED CURRICULA

Background Pediatricians are uniquely well-positioned to promote strong parent-child relationships and optimal child development, however, they may be less likely to do so if they receive no formal training in this area. No study has evaluated current resident education on parenting or pediatric residency leaderships’ view on the importance of training residents on parenting. Objective To assess pediatric residency leaders’ attitudes about educating residents on parenting skills and current training and desired curricula on parenting. Methods A 21-item survey was sent to the members of the Association for Pediatric Program Directors via email in May, 2017. Results 53 of the 206 program directors (26%) and 85 of the 418 Associate Program Directors (20%) completed the survey. 100% of respondents reported it was important to train residents about parenting skills, with 58% reporting it was “very important.” However, only 11% reported training residents “very well” and 24% reported educating resident “not very well” in this area. Chi-square tests showed no significant difference in response to these two questions based on respondent's role, specialist vs generalist, or type of program. No statistically significant association was seen between the importance respondents accorded parenting education and the perceived quality of their program's training on parenting. Curricula most often used by programs included Bright Futures (91%) and Healthy Steps (28%). Among those who reported that their programs did not train residents very well on parenting, 88% reported one barrier was not having a curriculum. Desired parenting topics were discipline (95%), promoting self-regulation in children (82%), sleep training (82%), tantrums (79%), promoting language development (71%), toilet training (70%), promoting secure attachment (66%), promoting school readiness skills (64%), and promoting literacy (53%). Conclusion Pediatric leadership values training residents on parenting, however few report educating residents very well in this area, with lack of curricula as a major barrier.

Mental health of adolescents with currently and formerly incarcerated parents

Reliable information about children of incarcerated people is difficult to obtain, and major gaps exist in our understanding of their well-being. This study aims to determine whether adolescents with incarcerated parents report higher levels of mental health problems than those without an incarcerated parent, and whether the relationship between parental incarceration and adolescent mental health is moderated by parent-child relationships. Using a statewide survey from one US state, we compared adolescents with a currently incarcerated parent to those with a formerly incarcerated parent and those with no history of parental incarceration on self-reported indicators of mental health, and examined whether strong parent-child relationships were protective against mental health concerns. Results indicate that adolescents with incarcerated parents are at elevated risk for mental health problems, and strong parent-child relationships partially buffer children from risk. Findings underscore the need for more investment in effective early interventions for adolescents in highly adverse contexts.

Chores, Incubator for a Strong Parent-Child Relationship

Based on the latest finding of a longitudinal study that sons-in-law (under the influence of their wives) performed better in affective care to their parents-in-law than daughters-in-law, this article argues that it is perhaps not gender but housework that holds the key for a strong parent-child relationship. This article posits that, through engaging children in routine chores, social justice will be internalised or habitualised in children, which then enables parental love to be reciprocated with children's love. This article theoretically discusses the mechanism for gratitude development towards parents in children and suggests that chores may play a vital role in gratitude development in children, which leads to a strong parent–child bond.

Enhancing the parent–child relationship: A Hong Kong community-based randomized controlled trial.

Adolescence is a critical risk period for negative academic and behavioral outcomes, but a strong parent-child relationship can be a powerful protective factor. Our previous pilot of an academic-community agency collaborative randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated initial evidence of benefit for a parenting intervention with preadolescents in Hong Kong. The present RCT assessed the effect of brief training in positive discipline parenting skills on parental satisfaction with the parent-child relationship. A community sample of 461 Hong Kong Chinese parents of children aged 10-13 years were randomized to (a) the Harmony@Home intervention, (b) an attention control, or (c) a third active intervention that shared the control group. Participants were followed for 12 months and multiple methods of assessment were used. Compared with the control group, the Harmony@Home group reported an increase in the primary outcome of satisfaction with the parent-child relationship at 3 months' postintervention. Although results are mixed, this study demonstrates how a culturally adaptive community intervention can improve the parental behaviors that serve as protective factors against negative academic and behavioral outcomes for Chinese adolescents.

The Transmission of Values and the Transition into Adulthood Within the Context of Home Education

The current study explored the transmission of values and beliefs and the transition into adulthood within the context of home education through semi-structured open-ended interviews with four formerly home-educated young adults. The interviewees described their relationship with their parents as strong both now and while homeschooling but the younger two participants did not show clear signs that they closely maintained their parents' religious beliefs. All participants indicated that their transition to adulthood contained some transitional bumps but the difficulty of these bumps was mitigated by a strong parent-child relationship. The youngest participant seemed to be in the midst of a transitional strain.

Buffering Effect of Parental Monitoring Knowledge and Parent-Adolescent Relationships on Consequences of Adolescent Substance Use

When adolescents begin using substances, negative consequences are not always directly proportional to the amount used; heavy users may have few consequences whereas light users may have numerous consequences. This study examined how parental monitoring knowledge and parent-child relationship quality may serve as buffers against negative consequences when adolescents use substances. Self-report questionnaires were administered to a community sample of 200 healthy adolescents and their parents at two time points, one year apart. Results suggest that both parental monitoring knowledge and parent-child relationship quality serve as buffers against negative consequences of substance use - but only when adolescents report high levels of monitoring knowledge or strong parent-child relationship quality. Results suggests adolescent perceived parental monitoring knowledge and parent-child relationship quality each act independently to buffer adolescents against negative consequences of substance use over a one-year period.

An Investigation of Teachers' View of Homework Partnership

Homework is an important part of teaching and learning process in which teachers very often use it in the teaching process. During teaching process, homework is essential for teachers to enhance students« achievement and to establish a strong parent-child relationship. The aim of the present study is to investigate primary school teachers« view of homework and homework partnership in public primary schools in Istanbul. In this respect, the relationship between teachers« views of homework; and their year of experience, age, gender, their view of their relation with students and the time their students spend for homework were investigated. The universe of research consisted of teachers whose work in public primary schools in Istanbul. In the present study, a personal information sheet and a questionnaire developed by the researcher-Homework Partnership Questionnaire (E…OA) were used. The personal information sheet included information about teachers' subject-area, age, gender, marital status, their view of their relation with students, approximately how much time their students spend for homework and number of children they have

Distressed fathers and their children: A review of the literature

Many men diagnosed with mental health problems are also fathers. This literature review addresses issues relating to both the fathering role taken on by men who have mental health problems as well as the impact of their mental health on their children. An integrative review of the literature was conducted from studies originating in four countries, resulting in an analysis of 31 journal articles. Most of the quantitative literature focuses on the many risks and negative outcomes for children. However, qualitative studies suggest positive outcomes such as strong parent-child relationships, which demand further attention both in research and in practice.

Pathways from Family Religiosity to Adolescent Sexual Activity and Contraceptive Use

Few studies with nationally representative longitudinal data have examined whether and how family religiosity is associated with adolescent sexual and contraceptive behavior. Data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were used to examine associations between a multidimensional measure of family religiosity assessed during early adolescence and reproductive health outcomes (sexual activity, number of partners and consistent contraceptive use) at age 17. Pathways through which family religiosity is associated with these outcomes were identified using structural equation models. Family religiosity was negatively associated with adolescent sexual activity, both directly (beta, -0.14) and indirectly (-0.02). The indirect association was mediated by family cohesion (as reflected in parental monitoring among the entire sample and among males, and in parent-teenager relationship quality and family routine activities among females) and negative peer behaviors. Greater family religiosity was indirectly associated with having fewer sexual partners (-0.03) and with using contraceptives consistently (0.02); these relationships were mediated through later age at first sex, more positive peer environments and higher levels of parental monitoring and awareness. However, among sexually active males (but not females), family religiosity was directly and negatively associated with contraceptive consistency (-0.11). Cohesive family environments and positive peer networks contribute to reduced levels of risky sexual behavior among adolescents from religious families. Parents who monitor their children's activities and peer environments, engage their families in regular activities and foster strong parent-child relationships can help reduce risky sexual behavior, regardless of family religiosity. Parental involvement in prevention programs may help reduce rates of teenage pregnancy and STDs.

Romanian Adoptees and Pre-adoptive Care: A Strengths Perspective

Ninety-one parents of 120 adopted Romanian children who were part of a longitudinal study were surveyed to determine perceptions of their relationships with their children, their adoption experiences, and the children’s strengths. The Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale (BERS) was used and parents were easily able to rate their children’s emotional and behavioral strengths. Levels of parent–child relationship satisfaction were the most consistent predictors of child emotional and behavioral strength. The child’s age at the time of the survey was a significant predictor of strengths, indicating overall that younger children had more perceived strengths. Parents identified fewer strengths among children with longer histories of institutional care. The importance of a strong parent–child relationship and resilience after a history of early institutional care are discussed.

Filial Therapy: A Process for Developing Strong Parent-Child Relationships

According to the most recent U.S. Surgeon General's report on mental health, it is crucial for family counselors to use parents and families as partners in delivery of mental health services for children. Filial therapy, a unique, evidenced-based approach, may be useful for fulfilling the aforementioned mandate because filial therapy teaches parents to be the primary therapeutic agent of change in the lives of their children. This article overviews the basic principles and procedures of filial therapy training and provides a case study illustrating this strategy for building strong parent-child relationships.

Prisoners as Parents: The Importance of Strong Parent-Child Relationships During Parental Incarceration

A parent's incarceration profoundly impacts both her and her children. This paper will highlight some issues resulting from parental incarceration and suggest a program the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) can implement to confront these issues. Parental incarceration affects everyone in California because of the sheer number of families involved and the implications parental incarceration has on the development of the next generation of Californians.

The Learn at Play Program (LAPP): Merging Family, Developmental Research, Early Intervention, and Policy Goals for Children with Down Syndrome

Abstract This article addresses the dynamics of parent–child interactions and their potential influence on the development of social competence among children with Down syndrome (DS). The authors argue that a strong parent–child relationship is fundamental for building the social competence of children with DS and the integration and inclusion of these children into their communities. The Learn at Play Program (LAPP), a model of early intervention that prioritizes the goals of nurturing and shaping the development of interpersonal skills and social competence among children with DS, is proffered. Discussed first is a brief overview of early intervention and the rationale for the need to focus on parent–child interactions and social competence when DS is present. The LAPP early intervention model for children with DS and their families is presented along with data from seven mother–child dyads assessed with the LAPP longitudinal study of parent–child interactions in DS to demonstrate the use of the model. The author's experiences with the LAPP program are also used to illustrate the utility of linking supportive networks (such as nonprofit organizations), academic and provincial government funding partnerships and public policy forums, and publicly funded organizations providing services to children with developmental delays from birth to 3 years old.