Stroke Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Research Articles

Prediction of recital characteristics of a CI diesel engine operated by bio-fuel extracts from cotton seed oil, linseed oil and mahua seed oil using ANN metho

In the wide survey, it is explored that the potential of artificial neural network is used to foretell the recital (performance) characteristics of a four stroke single cylinder diesel engine using the biofuel obtained from cottonseed, linseed and Mahua seed. The test engine was powered with diesel and biofuel with its blends from cotton seed, linseed and Mahua seed separately. Experimental results of the cotton seed oil, linseed oil and mahua oil as a substitute for diesel revealed that linseed oil provides the better engine performance nearly equal to diesel. The ANN is used to compute the performance characteristics such as Indicated power, Brake power, Friction power, Thermal efficiency, brake mean effective pressure, brake thermal efficiency, Brake specific fuel consumption, Indicated thermal efficiency, indicated mean effective pressure, Mechanical efficiency, Indicated specific fuel consumption, volumetric efficiency and combustion characteristics as compression ratio at different conditions of torque, speed, water flow , air rate and fuel rate. An ANN sculpt was developed with 80% of training data and 20% of testing data from experimental values. In this model, back propagation feed forward neural network with five inputs and eleven outputs has been used. The ANN model result accuracy was found to agree nearly with the experimental results with the regression coefficient value approximately equal to one and low mean square error value. Thus, the proposed ANN model was legitimate tool for predicting the combustion and performance of diesel engine.

An experimental investigation on emission characteristics in CI engine with zinc and vanadium coated catalytic converter

Usages of automobile are increases day by day with human population. Increase in emissions from automobile and industry are also increased with fossil fuel usage. Major emissions from diesel engines are oxides of nitrogen due to high combustion temperature with high oxygen concentration and diesel particulate matter due to improper mixing with low in-cylinder temperature. Trade-off of these two emissions become research topic from past two decades. In this current research work, four stroke single cylinder diesel engine with a 3.7 kW rated power at the rated speed of 1500 rpm used with zinc and vanadium coated catalytic convertor for emission analysis. Conventional diesel engine operated with various load like 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% & 100% to measure characteristics of performance, combustion and emission with coated catalytic converter. The results show that there was 70% reduction in HC and 50% reduction in CO2, 70% reduction in NOx, 60% reduction in CO.

Comparison of Heat Transfer rates for Water and Ethylene Glycol mixtures for Diesel engine exhaust gas heat recovery using Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger.

Most of the researchers have claimed that high compression engines (diesel engines) are performing slightly above of 1/3rd of their potential and remaining heat energy is wasted in the form of exhaust gas. Efforts are going on to improve the design of these engines and investigations are being carried out to recover this waste energy from exhaust gases and utilize for different applications.In the present work, initially water is used as a heat exchange medium for three different loads on diesel engine viz., 50%, 60% and 70%, which extracts heat energy to evaluate the exhaust heat attainable from exhaust gases of the engine. The exhaust gas is passed through the tube side of the heat exchanger which is obtained from an exhaust manifold of a four stroke single cylinder diesel engine. Water is passed through the shell side of the shell and tube heat exchanger. Later this work is repeated for two different cooling medium i.e. water-ethylene glycol mixtures with 25% and 50%. The results are compared for 60% engine load conditions. The counter flow type heat exchanger arrangement is considered for the analysis. The temperatures were recorded for hot gases and cold medium at inlet and outlet points of the shell side and tube side flow. Heat calculations are carried out for each combination and detailed in the result–discussion and conclusion chapter. The objective of this work is to assess the exhaust gas heat recovery capacity using the ethylene glycol-water mixture and come out with a mixture for higher heat recovery capacity. This work is undertaken with segmental baffle heat exchanger of zero degree inclination. Also the work is repeated for inclined baffle heat exchangers of 10-degree and 20-degree baffle inclination to assess the effectiveness of liquid in recovering the heat from exhaust gases. It is observed that the water and Ethylene glycol mixtures have performed satisfactorily in all three baffle setups showing only 1.5% - 2.0% less heat recovery when compared with only water.

Performance test of four stroke single cylinder diesel engine using silkworm and pongammia at various blends

Fossil fuels are used as a fuel for wide range of applications around the world, as per the statistics it is found that the depletion rate of fossil fuel is reducing rapidly. To satisfy the needs of mankind we are in search of an alternative fuel. The present research work is carried out using pongamia pinnata and silkworm oil, on a four-stroke diesel engine as an alternative fuel to find the efficiency of the diesel engine using above specified mixture along with fossil fuel with various blends at different flow rates of engine and calorimeter cooling water.In present investigation the biodiesel is prepared from pongamia oil, and it is blended with silkworm oil. The performance parameters of single cylinder 4 S diesel engine are evaluated.

Optimization of diesel engine performance and emission parameters of Karanja biodiesel-ethanol-diesel blends at optimized operating conditions

This study reviews Karanja biodiesel, ethanol and diesel blending in context of Indian subcontinent and also focuses on its effects on engine’s performance, emission and combustion responses. Experimentations carried out on four stroke single cylinder diesel engine at constant speed 1500 rpm and injection pressure 210 bar. The four input parameters as Injection angle, Compression ratio, Blend % and loads varied to obtain engine responses as Brake thermal efficiency, Brake specific fuel consumption, Exhaust gas temperature, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Nitrogen Oxide and hydrocarbon. Taguchi method was applied to optimize the trials using L9 orthogonal array and to get main effects S/N ratio curves, for optimal combination of input parameters to response. The ANNOVA was used to establish the contribution of input parameters to responses. Further single combination of input parameters for all seven responses as Injection Angle 19°CA bTDC, Compression ratio 18, Krishna 30 (fuel blend) and 50% load was obtained by Gray Relational Analysis. Experimentation revealed marginal reduction of brake thermal efficiency about 2%, Brake specific fuel consumption higher by 3%, Exhaust gas temperature increases by 3%, Carbon dioxide increases by 0.86%, hydrocarbon decreases by 12 PPM, carbon monoxide and Nitrogen oxide reduced by 0.029% and 8% respectively when compared with diesel at full load. The combustion parameters as Cylinder pressure, Ignition delay, Combustion duration, Start of combustion, End of combustion, Rate of pressure rise, Mean effective pressure and Net heat release rate were observed at full load, also support optimal combination of input parameters.

Investigation of performance and emission characteristics of four stroke single cylinder diesel engine with cotton-seed biodiesel

In present article, engine performance and emission characteristics were investigated with various blends of cotton-seed bio diesel and diesel. Reason to choose cotton seed bio diesel is its thermophysical properties which is identical with diesel. It also consists of higher oxygen content which directly improves combustion efficiency of the engine. Four Stroke, Single cylinder, diesel engine was tested under various blends consist of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% (by Vol) of cotton seed biodiesel. Experimental results found no significant variation in brake thermal efficiency up to 10% biodiesel blend then it found to be dropped gradually. Brake thermal efficiency decreased by 12% at 20% biodiesel blend. CO & HC emissions exhibited decreasing trends with percentage increase in biodiesel concentration. Increase in NOx emission was insignificant up to 10% biodiesel blend. It can be further noted that 10% biodiesel diesel blend shows optimized performance and emission results.

Performance and emission characteristics of nano emulsion biodiesel by using pork fat oil

Abstract In this study, the demand of commercial fossil fuel has been increasing all over the world alternative biodiesel was used to overcome the current energy demand. Pork fat oil is used as a bio fuel because of the density and viscosity of the oil. When related with diesel, the pork fat oil was prepared by Trans-esterification process and the fuel properties were measured. The Nano particles of cerium oxide added with Port fat oil and nano emulsion in 30 ppm level. The Pork fat emulsion fuel is prepared in the percentage of 94% Pork fat oil, 5% of water, and 1% span 80. The experiment was carried out in the four stroke single cylinder diesel engine in the blend ratios of B20 and B30.The performance characteristic curves of pork fat oil-cerium oxide Nano emulsion fuel show the rise in BTE of 18% when compared with the pure diesel fuel. The emission characteristics of pork fat oil-cerium oxide Nano-emulsion fuel show a drop in hydro carbon and carbon monoxide Emission respectively, when compared with base diesel fuel and also the decreased in oxides of Nitrogen and smoke emission respectively, and compared to pure diesel fuel.

Combustion investigation of ternary blend mixture of biodiesel/n-butanol/diesel: CI engine performance and emission control

This study aims to analyze the effects of a novel ternary blend of n-butanol and castor oil methyl ester (COME) with petro-diesel on combustion, engine performance and emission characteristics of four stroke single cylinder diesel engine and to obtain optimum blending proportion which can simultaneously reduce UHC, CO, and NOx without affecting engine performance. A quick and simple approach involving a single zone combustion model coupled with double and triple Wiebe functions has been successfully applied to analyze combustion behavior of binary and ternary fuel blends respectively. Neat diesel was used as a baseline fuel to compare combustion, performance and emission characteristics with binary and ternary fuel blends (B30, B20Bu10, B10Bu20 and B15Bu15). Apparent heat release rate (AHRR) calculated from the model is in good agreement (RMSE ≤ 1.33) with experimental values. Peak AHRR values (J/°CA) for fuel blends B30, B20Bu10, B15Bu15, B10Bu20 and neat diesel were found to be 26.1, 29.4, 32.7, 37.1, and 36.1 respectively. The ignition delay period was not affected for B30 blend however it was observed to be increased by 2.89–3.35°CA for n-butanol blended fuels. Results of B30 fuel blend showed reduction in BTE by 1–3% with increase in greenhouse gas emissions. The results of ternary fuel blend (B15Bu15) showed improvement in engine performance characteristics whereas NOx emission was reduced in the range of 20–60% compared to B30. Detrimental effect on engine performance, emission characteristics and combustion behavior was observed for B10Bu20. Therefore, B15Bu15 was considered as an optimum fuel blend.

Experimental investigation of performance and emission characteristics of CI engine fuelled with pine oil and cotton seed oil

Increase in energy demand, stringent emission norms and depletion of oil resources has led to find alternative fuels that are compatible with internal combustion engines. This paper presents the study of performance and emission characteristics of CI engine fuelled with pine oil and cotton seed oil blended in the blending ratio 70:30, 50:50 and 30:70 respectively. The experiment was carried out in four stroke single cylinder diesel engine by varying the load from 0% to 80%. The result shows the blend of cotton oil and pine oil used as a fuel has increased the brake thermal efficiency with reduction in exhaust gas temperature and specific fuel consumption. By using different blends, it shows the reduction in emission parameters such as CO, CO2, NOX and smoke and yields satisfactory results.

Experimental Investigation of Effect of Preheating of Air and Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Four Stroke Diesel Engine

This paper is concerned with means for heating the inlet air passed to the cylinder by using specifically designed and manufactured heat exchanger and also use of exhaust gas recirculation to investigate its effect on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of four stroke single cylinder diesel engine. A diesel engine having a cylinder, 3.5 KW power, constant speed of 1500 RPM, water cooled, Kirloskar make, diesel engine was selected as base engine and the experiments were conducted at part load and full load conditions. The diesel engine setup was modified with (i) incorporation of heat exchanger which was designed on the basis of availability of waste heat at the engine exhaust for preheating of air and (ii) exhaust gas recirculation for waste heat recovery and reduction in the NOx. The Experiments were conducted for six setups viz. i. Basic diesel engine setup ii. Basic diesel engine setup with 6 % EGR iii. Basic diesel engine setup with 12 % EGR iv. Modified setup with heat exchanger v. Modified setup with heat exchanger and 6% EGR and vi. Modified setup with heat exchanger and 12% EGR. The experimental results obtained with modified engine setup with use of heat exchanger and EGR. The results obtained indicate thermal efficiency is decreased with heat exchanger and 12 % EGR compared to base diesel with 12% EGR. The volumetric efficiency is decreased from base diesel by 16.87 % with heat exchanger and 6% EGR at 75% load. The NOx emission is increased with increase in load for all the configurations.

Performance and Emission Characteristics of CI Engine with Modification in Fuel Injector

Work has been carried out using four stroke single cylinder diesel engine with retrofit attached with fuel injector and at optimum injection pressure 210 bar and 230 BTDC. The main purpose of using retrofit is to achieve HCCI (Homogeneous charge compression ignition) with which emissions can be reduced. Four Variants of retrofits were used and with V-cut type retrofit it was found that there is reduction in toxic emission like CO and NO but there was slight increase in HC emission when compared with normal fuel injector. Engine performance was compared with normal injector and injector with V-cut and it was found that Break thermal efficiency was increased by 0.25% at full load and 1.53% at 80% load and specific fuel consumption decreased by 0.01%.

Study of combustion characteristics on single cylinder direct injection diesel engine with plasma and HVOF coated ceramic powders on piston crown

In general the diesel combustion and its performance is based on the wear and the ceramic coating. In this paper the engine used is four stroke single cylinder diesel engine wind the fuel used for combustion is a biofuel which is the result of blending the jatropha seed oil with that off methyl ester. Since the biofuel tends to harsher on the piston which inturn affect the performance of the engine the piston are suggested to be coated with Cr3C2-PS. ZrO2 powders which acts as a thermal as well wear resistance barrier on the piston. Jatrophai organic diesel mineral is used as a blend to test diesel engine combustion and output properties. With specific loads 0%, 25%, 50%, 50%, 100% for both coated and uncoated pistons, the experimental tests on the combustion characteristics of heat escape, peak strain, inflammatory delay and thermal brake performance are tested. Due to esterification (10–20% by volume), the organic diesel blends prepared from jatropha are made. Here the jatropha bio diesel blends are used in the diesel engine whose results states that the performance of the piston coated engine is highly strengthened for about 10% than that of uncoated piston engine. Thus the cylinder pressure is improved to 20% JME in contrast with that of uncoated piston with a compression ratio of 17.5 respectively. Thus proving that the wear resistance of coated piston tends to shift by 47% to overall reduction wear rate of 35%.

Effects of using alcohols on the performance and emissions of a diesel engine

Addition of renewable alcohols to diesel is being investigated extensively to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this study was to examine the suitability of such renewable alcohols. In this study, emissions and performance characteristics of alcohol/diesel blends were evaluated for a four stroke single cylinder diesel engine test rig. n-octanol and n-butanol were the alcohols considered. Experiments were conducted at different loads up to 4 kW and for alcohol contents from 10% to 40% by volume. The results indicated that the alcohol/diesel blends exhibited similar performance characteristics to that possessed by diesel. A slight drop in brake power was observed in all the blends compared to pure diesel. The brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption increased in all alcohol blends at almost all the loads considered in the study. The emission analysis was also conducted using the AVL DI Test. The results revealed that CO and NO emissions decreased compared to pure diesel. However, HC emissions increased for n-butanol blends but they decreased in case of n-octanol blends. Results are a clear indication that these blends have an excellent potential and detailed investigations in real life conditions can lead to commercial usage.

A facile preparation, performance and emission analysis of pongamia oil based novel biodiesel in diesel engine with CeO2:Gd nanoparticles

CeO2 and CeO2:Gd nanoparticles were synthesized by microwave assisted method and the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Biodiesel was synthesized from pongamia oil using pre-synthesized CeO2 nanoparticles as heterogeneous catalyst and the obtained biodiesel was blended with diesel at different ratios. The CeO2 and CeO2:Gd nanoparticles were dispersed in blended biodiesel to analyse the emission from four stroke single cylinder Diesel engine with pure diesel and blended biodiesel. The blended biodiesel was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC–MS). The physicochemical properties of blended biodiesel such as kinematic viscosity, flash point and acid value were measured using ASTM test methods and compared with biodiesel which was produced using conventional catalysts. From the performance analysis of diesel engine, it was observed that the pollutant emission relatively decreased in the CeO2:Gd dispersed blended biodiesel compared to pure diesel and blended biodiesel without ceria nanoparticles. The results of the present study revealed that the prepared pongamia based biodiesel using cerium oxide nano catalyst with CeO2:Gd nanoparticle dispersion can be considered as potential alternate fuel to the conventional diesel.

Experimental Investigation on Four Stroke Single Cylinder Diesel Engine with EGR & Magnetic Field

Experimental Investigation on Four Stroke Single Cylinder Diesel Engine with EGR & Magnetic Field

Performance and Emission Characteristics of a CI Engine Fuelled with Palm and Sesame Oil Blended Diesel

Biodiesel can be considered as a clean, renewable and domestically produced diesel fuel. At present, a lot of research is being carried out to make biodiesel more efficient so that it can be substituted for conventional diesel. In the present investigation, biodiesel is extracted from palm and sesame oil by transesterification method. The different properties of biodiesel like flash point, fire point, density, viscosity, pour point, cloud point and calorific value are measured. The obtained values are meeting the standards of biodiesel. This dual biodiesel was blended (0-40%) with diesel and was tested in a 4 stroke single cylinder diesel engine at different loads. The performance characteristics like thermal efficiency and BSFC are compared. BSFC increases and thermal efficiency decreases with the percentage increase in the blends at higher loads. At part loads, biodiesel blends are more efficient. Emission contents like carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen and smoke density are recorded. For B10 and for B20 blends these contents are more comparable to diesel fuel.

Experimental investigation of CI engine performance and emissions characteristics of CI engine fuelled with different bio fuel –diesel blended fuel

Bio fuel's versatility to utilize in compression ignition engine by reducing the viscosity of the fuel. This paper deals performance and emission characteristics of four stroke single cylinder diesel engine coupled with eddy current dynamometer. The fuel was prepared in the combinations of B10 CH(10% camphor oil +90% diesel), B20 CH (20% camphor oil +80% diesel), B10 E(10% eucalyptus oil +90% diesel), B20 E (20% eucalyptus oil +80% diesel), B10 LG (10% lemon grass oil + 90% diesel), B20 LG(20% lemon grass oil + 80% diesel), B10 CSO(10% cotton seed oil +90% diesel), B20 CSO( 20% cotton seed oil + 80% diesel). The experiment was conducted by the varying the load (20%, 40%, 60% and 80%) at constant speed 1500rpm. The result shows that BTE is higher in B20E fuel 7.7% and lower in B10LG fuel 2%. BSFC higher in B20CH and lower in B20E. CO emissions are higher in B10CSO, HC emission are higher in B20CSO, B20LG higher in NOx emissions and lower in B10CH fuel CO2 emission is higher in B20CSO and lower in CO2 emissions. These are results obtained from the performance of engines. B20E produces better performance for the IC engines.

Karanja Oil as an Alternative Fuel of Non-Edible oil Blends with Diesel for Four Stroke Single Cylinder Diesel Engine - A Review

Karanja Oil as an Alternative Fuel of Non-Edible oil Blends with Diesel for Four Stroke Single Cylinder Diesel Engine - A Review

Effect of bio-ethanol on the performance and emission of a biodiesel fueled compression ignition engine

In the present study investigates the effect of bio-ethanol on the performance and emissions of a biodiesel blend fueled compression ignition engine. The experiments are conducted using pongamia biodiesel blend B20 (20% pongamia biodiesel +80% diesel) with 5, 7.5 and 10% (v/v) of bio-ethanol on a four stroke single cylinder diesel engine. The tests are conducted at different load conditions. Performance and emissions characteristics are investigated for different bio-ethanol compositions. The results show that the brake thermal efficiency is maximum for B20E7.5 blend with a minimum brake specific fuel consumption. Carbon monoxide emission is minimum for B20E7.5 blend and NOx emission decreases as the bio-ethanol percentage is increased from 5 to 7.5%. The study reveals that 7.5% bio-ethanol with B20 pongamia biodiesel blend results better performance and emission characteristics.

Effect of bio-ethanol on the performance and emission of a biodiesel fueled compression ignition engine

In the present study investigates the effect of bio-ethanol on the performance and emissions of a biodiesel blend fueled compression ignition engine. The experiments are conducted using pongamia biodiesel blend B20 (20% pongamia biodiesel +80% diesel) with 5, 7.5 and 10% (v/v) of bio-ethanol on a four stroke single cylinder diesel engine. The tests are conducted at different load conditions. Performance and emissions characteristics are investigated for different bio-ethanol compositions. The results show that the brake thermal efficiency is maximum for B20E7.5 blend with a minimum brake specific fuel consumption. Carbon monoxide emission is minimum for B20E7.5 blend and NOx emission decreases as the bio-ethanol percentage is increased from 5 to 7.5%. The study reveals that 7.5% bio-ethanol with B20 pongamia biodiesel blend results better performance and emission characteristics.