Stress Relief Method Research Articles

Investigating the Effects and Mechanisms of Thermal–Vibration-Coupled Stress Relief Treatment on Residual Stress in SiC/Al Composites

Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with particles (PRAMCs) frequently develop considerable residual stresses post-quenching, which can negatively affect fatigue life and dimensional accuracy. Traditional stress relief methods for aluminum alloys are only partially effective. This study examined thermal stress relief (TSR), vibratory stress relief (VSR), and a combined thermal–vibratory stress relief (TVSR) approach for SiC/Al composites. All treatments proved successful in diminishing residual stresses, with the most significant reduction along the direction of peak dynamic stress. Additionally, this study analyzed micro-residual stresses via a macro–micro-residual stress finite element model to understand differences in stress relief outcomes. Optimizing the TVSR process could be key to more effectively reducing residual stresses in SiC/Al composites.

Comparison of the thermal and vibrational stress relief methods in terms of mechanical and metallurgical aspects of rolled AA2024 specimens

Comparison of the thermal and vibrational stress relief methods in terms of mechanical and metallurgical aspects of rolled AA2024 specimens

Empowering Adolescents: Exploring the Relationship between Self-Esteem and Test Anxiety

Background: Test anxiety is a major cause of student non-performance, despite adequate preparation. This paper is part of a multi-centric youth behavior study project done in 2022 by the Association of Adolescent and Child Care in India (AACCI). Aims: to study self-esteem and test anxiety in school children. Methods: The tools used were RSES- Rosenburg Self-esteem Score (scores >25 are considered high self-esteem and FTAS- Freidben Test Anxiety Scale (scores > 7 are considered significant). Sample: 242 students (10-18 years) studying in a coaching class in Aurangabad (males 53.31%, females 46.69%). Validity & reliability: The RSES - Guttman scale coefficient of reproducibility is 0.92, indicating excellent internal consistency. Test-retest reliability over 2 weeks reveals correlations of 0.85 and 0.88. FTAS- the internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) of the total and the three sub-scales of the FTA (range: .81-.91validity, 0.82 (girls) and 0.84 (boys). It has also been shown to be significantly correlated with peer evaluations of the degree to which test-related stress is experienced (Total: 0.54; Fear of Social Derogation: 0.52; Cognitive Obstruction: 0.64; and Tenseness: 0.78. Ethical issues: This project has been cleared by the AACCI IEC. Parental permission and assent of students were taken. Statistical analysis was done using t-test/ANOVA by GNU PSPP. Results: Analysis of our data showed that this sample had significant mean test anxiety scores: total FTAS (9.19±5.37). SD-Social Derogation (3.84±2.61), CO-Cognitive Obstruction (2.46±2.17), and T-Tenseness (2.88±1.95). Females showed higher scores - total FTAS (10.23±5.10) and SD (4.40±2.54). A strong correlation was found between FTAS score and SD factor across all ages with the strongest positive correlation coefficient for early adolescent female students r (24) =.92, p<.001. Conclusion: Females had higher test anxiety scores, and lower self-esteem scores and will need specific intervention. Being judged by marks affects the self-esteem of adolescents. SD factor was significant across ages in this sample. AACCI conducts awareness programs for parents and teachers to reduce social pressure on children given high SD scores. We also conduct intervention programs for improving CO scores by instilling good study skills and habits and relaxation and stress relief methods to reduce T scores in the context of test anxiety.

A narrative review of anxiety regulation in PhD students based on Green model.

To gain a better understanding of the factors that contribute to anxiety among PhD students and the reasons for poor regulation in the current situation, this paper analyses the existing literature on anxiety among PhD students using Green's model. It also compares and evaluates various methods of regulating anxiety. The literature review to extract information on the causes and levels of anxiety, methods and outcomes of anxiety intervention and regulation, and to make comparisons. The study reveals that the phenomenon of PhD students' anxiety has intensified globally in recent years, especially after the end of the epidemic. PhD students experience anxiety due to research pressure, economic pressure, future development, and interpersonal pressure. The main influencing factors are currently the relationship with the supervisor, development prospects, social support, and peer comparison. Among the stress relief methods, the regulation of self-relaxation was found to have better effects on mild anxiety, such as positive thinking, meditation, yoga and physical exercise can be helpful for emotion release then help focus on problem solved. Whereas severe anxiety may require institutional and pharmacological support, also including using psychological therapy such as behavioral cognitive therapy and systematic desensitization methods. For university, competence to provide course-assisted guidance, such as writing groups, peer support, and time management, is also important. Academic communities should pay attention to the guidance on academic fairness. However, PhD students are often unaware of the resources available to them for coping with stress and may not take the initiative to seek psychological counseling or institutional assistance. Therefore, PhD students should receive support from various sources, be guided to express their thoughts, and receive additional education and academic assistance to manage stress. This will enhance their confidence and aid in improving their scientific research.

The Performance Analysis of Grouting Repair Effect on the Accuracy of Disturbance Stress Test in Damaged Surrounding Rock Mass.

Disturbance stress assessment is crucial for ensuring the safety of deep engineering projects. Currently, the primary technique for continuously monitoring three-dimensional disturbance stress is the stress relief method, but its accuracy can be compromised by rock damage that occurs after excavation. To mitigate this issue, grouting is employed to repair damaged rock masses and enhance their mechanical properties. However, the impact of grouting techniques on improving the accuracy of disturbance stress testing is challenging to evaluate through laboratory and in situ experiments. To address this problem, numerical simulation technology is employed to investigate disturbance stress testing after the repair of damaged surrounding rock through grouting. The simulation results indicate that grouting repair significantly enhances the accuracy of stress testing. As the depth of damaged rock mass repair increases, the error in stress testing decreases. Achieving complete repair of the initial damage zone during grouting is essential to eliminate errors in stress testing. Expanding on the positive effects of grouting repair on stress testing, a segmented testing method for disturbance stress is proposed. The method involves separately testing the initial stress and stress changes, thereby reducing the stress level within the rock, minimizing rock failure, and enhancing the accuracy of disturbance stress testing. This study provides valuable reference methods, and the outcomes of this research will serve as a foundation for enhancing the accuracy of disturbance stress testing in deep hard rock engineering.

Analysis of Vibratory Stress Relief (VSR) Parameters on Mechanical and Metallurgical Properties of AISI 1008

Analysis of Vibratory Stress Relief (VSR) Parameters on Mechanical and Metallurgical Properties of AISI 1008

The Inversion Method Applied to the Stress Field around a Deeply Buried Tunnel Based on Surface Strain

To identify the magnitude and direction of in situ stress in deeply buried tunnels, an inversion method for the stress field was proposed based on a finite number of measurement points of surface strain. Firstly, elastic strain data of finite points on the surface of tunnel surrounding rock were acquired using the borehole stress relief method at the engineering site. Secondly, a finite element model of the tunnel surrounding rock with plastic damage was established, and the parameters of the finite element model were substituted using the SIGINI subroutine. Then, an improved Surrogate Model Accelerated Random Search (SMARS) was developed using genetic algorithm programming on the MATLAB™ platform to invert and attain the globally optimal boundary conditions. Finally, the obtained optimal boundary conditions were applied to the numerical model to calculate the stress distribution in the engineering site. The reliability of this method was validated through a three-dimensional example. The method has been successfully applied to the stress-field analysis of deep tunnels in Macheng Iron Mine, Hebei Province, China. The research results show that this method is a low-cost, reliable approach for stress-field inversion in the rock around a tunnel.

The Residual Stress Control of Thin-walled Sleeve Parts with Weak Rigidity

Photoelectric products in the military industry tend to be lightweight in design, requiring the part to be lightweight and have high specific strength. As one of the structural parts of photoelectric products, the thin-walled sleeve part has the peculiarity of lightweight and thin wall thickness. Nevertheless, the residual stress during machining processing poses an adverse effect on the accuracy of the parts. In this paper, the influence of residual stress on the accuracy of the parts during the processing was studied. Before fine machining, the residual stress was reduced by artificial aging techniques and ultrasonic beam control methods. Finally, the effect of the two stress relief methods was evaluated according to the qualified rate of the processing accuracy of the parts. The research results show that the axial residual stress of the part is larger than the circumferential residual stress. Both artificial aging techniques and ultrasonic beam control can eliminate residual stress, and the ultrasonic beam control method is more targeted and uniform.

Lithuanian midwives' attitudes and actions during low-risk birth.

This study sheds light on the attitudes and practices of Lithuanian midwives during low-risk births. The aim is to reveal how autonomous work is incorporated into daily routines, how care is oriented towards the mother, and how care is delivered before and during interventions. It highlights midwives' views on both their own and their colleagues' actions during labor, what is aimed for and what outcome is expected. A qualitative research method was chosen. Midwives were interviewed individually in February and April 2022 by random sampling and semi-structured interviews, after the purpose of the survey was explained and their consent was given to use the information only for scientific work purposes. Midwives were recruited through social networks, sharing information about the study and its nature. All data were coded and analyzed in aggregate form. Ten midwives working in the labor ward participated in the study. From the midwives' point of view, every birth and its experience are unique. Midwives work together with mothers to achieve the common goal of a positive birth experience. Communication with the mother and her family, good rapport, clear information and informed decision-making are key aspects for midwives during labor. The midwife's actions must be reasonable and purposeful, with a preference for non-medicated methods of pain and stress relief. A low-risk birth that is within the competence of midwives is one in which there is a low likelihood of medical interventions. Midwives are encouraged to minimize the use of interventions and to provide high quality delivery care.

Parametric Study of Drilling Method Performed on One-Way Post-Tensioned Slabs

Abstract Determination of the stress state in concrete structures is a very important, but difficult task. In the case of new structures, it is possible to easily instal measurement instruments which can provide important data as a part of real-time monitoring. However, the evaluation of stresses in existing structures is much more challenging. Currently, stress relief methods are a well-established approach for the evaluation of the actual state of existing structures. The so-called Drilling method (also known as Stress-relief coring technique) is one of the possible techniques for such analysis. For practical use of this method, knowledge of pivotal factors which influence stress relief is crucial. Therefore, this paper presents a parametric study performed on a one-way post-tensioned slab which can help to understand the effect of the depth of the core and the distance from the edge of the hole (position of strain gauges) on the change in stress in the vicinity of the drilled core. Finally, based on the obtained data, the recommendations for the subsequent experimental program will be summarized. According to the study, it seems that the depth of drilled core does not significantly influence the stress relief and the main impact can be attributed to distance from the edge of the hole.

Chatbot in Artificial Intelligence

Abstract: This paper discloses a virtual conversational method and system to relieve the psychological stress of adolescents. It also aims at providing some positive information through continuous dialogue answers in order to guide adolescents to think and face difficulties with a positive and optimistic attitude and the agenda of reliving the psychological pressure of the adolescents can be achieved. Conventional face-to-face stress detection and relief methods do not work when confronted with those adolescents who are reluctant to express their negative emotions to the people in real life. In this paper, we would like to present an adolescent- oriented intelligent conversational chatting system called “HappySoul”, which acts as a virtual friend who can assist to encourage, understand, comfort, and guide stressful adolescents to pour out their bad and negative feelings, thereby releasing the stress. Chatbots, or conversational interfaces, present a new way for adolescents to interact with computer systems. This chatbot will allow a user to simply ask questions in the same way that they would address a human. The technology at the core of the proposed chatbot is natural language processing (“NLP”), RNN and client server architecture with the help of Android GUI.

Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on physical, mental and emotional parameters among sportspersons.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown was a strange and new occurrence, which left many individuals ill-equipped to cope with the new way of living. Sportspersons had to adapt to a new training style within a new environment, both physically and mentally. The purpose of this study was to understand the physical, mental and emotional parameters among sportspersons during the COVID-19 lockdown regulations. The study consisted of 105 regular sportspersons (from South Africa). This was a quantitative research study design using an online questionnaire. An online questionnaire was adapted and distributed via online social platforms (WhatsApp, Twitter and Instagram) to collect data in which sportspersons (n = 105) answered questions about the effects that they experienced during lockdown on their physical, mental and emotional well-being. Sportspersons participated in cardiovascular training, flexibility training, strength training and bodybuilding exercises during pre-lockdown. During lockdown, more than 74% of sportspersons had adequate training space, equipment and the time to perform physical activity. However, more than 43% of these sportspersons experienced a decrease in flexibility, muscle mass and muscle strength. Exercise was used as a form of stress relief by 77.1% of sportspersons throughout lockdown. In addition, sportspersons who used exercise as a form of stress relief continued to experience an increase in stress throughout lockdown. The outcomes from this study demonstrated how the COVID-19 lockdown had adverse effects on the overall health and well-being of most sportspersons. Other outcomes included the effects that physical inactivity had among sportspersons, including changes in diet and sleep. This study highlights the urgency for the sports fraternity to adopt measures to provide various methods of stress relief (as well as opportunities for physical activity) during similar periods of lockdown (or exercise restrictions) for those who rely on exercise as their daily physical, mental and emotional outlet.

Music - The upcoming symphonious antidote to stress

Introduction:
 Music therapy has been claimed to be a useful aid in physical discomfort especially in the younger generation by improving physiological parameters and improving mental health.
 Materials and methods:
 The stress levels and the physiological effects of music on 88 healthy students of both genders in our medical college were assessed. Information related to demographics and their usage of music were collected along with their responses on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) Questionnaire. The physiological parameters were measured before, during and immediately after listening to music of their choice for 15 minutes. All collected data was analysed by SPSS 25 software.
 Results and discussion:
 All the parameters pertaining to the respiratory system and cardiovascular system improved after listening to music. The decrease in respiratory rate and diastolic blood pressure was significant (p<0.05). VRT improved significantly (p<0.05) when done while listening to music especially in students with moderate levels of stress.
 Conclusion:
 Our study underlined the beneficial effects of music in reducing stress and improving performance in students and should be advocated as an effective and easy method of stress relief.

Empowerment Through Education Phenomenological Study of Women Who Returned to School Later in Life

Objective: The empowerment of women through education is a critical area of study, especially for those returning to school later in life. This research aims to explore the lived experiences of women in Shiraz City, Fars Province, Iran, who have chosen to return to education, focusing on their motivations, challenges, coping strategies, and the impacts on their personal and professional lives. Methods and Materials: This qualitative study employs a phenomenological approach to deeply understand the experiences of the participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 women who returned to education later in life. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo software to identify key themes and patterns. The participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure rich and relevant experiences were captured. Findings: The study revealed that the primary motivations for returning to education included personal growth, economic benefits, family influence, social interaction, and overcoming past regrets. Participants faced significant challenges such as balancing responsibilities, financial constraints, societal expectations, academic difficulties, emotional struggles, and institutional barriers. Coping strategies included time management, financial management, support networks, stress relief methods, academic support, and personal motivation. The impact of returning to education was profound, leading to increased self-esteem, professional growth, improved family dynamics, social engagement, empowerment, and a commitment to lifelong learning. Conclusion: The findings underscore the transformative potential of education for women returning to school later in life. While these women face numerous challenges, their experiences highlight the importance of supportive structures and policies to facilitate their educational journeys. Addressing financial, social, and institutional barriers can enhance their educational outcomes and broader societal contributions. Future research should focus on larger, more diverse samples and explore the role of digital learning platforms in supporting women's education.

서비스업 종사자의 직무환경과 감정노동 및 이직의도와의 관계에 대한 연구

Purpose This study attempted to shed light on the work environment, emotional labor, and the resulting turnover intentions that employees experience as highway SA(Service Area) laborers Methods The study was executed through conducting a designed survey of fifty-two questionnaires which is a total of 570 samples were collected from six different highway SAs. Multiple statistical evaluations were made to verify the hypothesis Results Poorer work environment indicates higher physical and psychological stress level; while higher physical and psychological stress level reflects higher turnover intentions. In addition, there exists a correlation between emotional labor and stress level; physical stress and psychological stress level increases as surface acting increases, whereas physical stress and psychological stress level decreases as deep acting increases. Conclusion The study takes on a relational approach in analyzing the work environment, emotional labor, and stress levels of highway SAworkers to propose a cogent method of stress relief.

A Numerical Investigation for In-S itu Measurement of Rock Mass Mechanical Properties with a CCBO Probe and Evaluation of the Method’s Error in Estimating the In-S itu Stresses with the Overcoring Technique

Accurate determination of rock stress in great depths has become one of the most critical issues in civil and mining affairs along with the expansion of underground excavation spaces’ scale and deepening of under-excavation areas. The hydraulic fracturing method and coring-based laboratory methods including ASR, DSCA, and AE are main techniques in rock stress measurement in the earth’s depth. Thus far, previous studies have reported repeated samples from the values obtained from the above mentioned techniques. Nonetheless, the “Compact Conical Borehole Overcoring” (CCBO) technique is an example of the stress-relief method and this technique, is one of the most cost-effective and accurate methods for measuring the in-situ stresses simply by digging one borehole either in the tunnels’ wall or in the deep wells’ depth. The current study aims at analyzing the overcoring technique with the CCBO probe to identify errors regarding the number of sensors installed, as well as checking its ability to estimate mechanical parameters of mass rock in-situ. In this study, we have utilized the analytical method based on numerical simulations to determine the accuracy of the method’s dependence on the number of sensors installed on the probe. We performed numerical analysis using COMSOL finite element software, as well as MATLAB software. In addition, we attempted to propose possible relations for estimating mechanical parameters of mass rock using the probe, a method determined by the inventors.

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ УРОВНЯ СТРЕССА У ИНОСТРАННЫХ СТУДЕНТОК МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ ПРИ ДИСТАНЦИОННОМ ОБУЧЕНИИ

Goal: determining the level of daily and educational stress and its self-esteem among 3rd year students of the Medical Academy, identifying the prevailing symptoms and the most frequently used methods of stress relief. Material and methods: the study involved 73 3rd year foreign female students of the Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky at the age of 20 years. The Boston test was used to analyze lifestyle and the impact of daily stress on it. The Reeder’s test was used to determine self-reported stress. Academic stress, stress during the exam, and stress relieving techniques were studied using a questionnaire method in the form of responses from 1 to 10 points to questions on assessing the contribution to stress. The obtained data were processed by the method of quartiles (the quartile Q25, the quartile Q75, the interquartile interval IQR were determined) and by the method of variation statistics with the calculation of mean values (Mo mode, Me median, arithmetic mean M) with an estimate of the probability of discrepancies (m), sigmoid deviation of the mean arithmetic (σ). Conclusions: In the distant learning female students, the level of stress was noted, it corresponds to the usual intense life of an active person. The female students confirmed the average level in the effect of stress on their well-feeling. The following factors make the greatest contribution to educational stress: strict teachers, high academic workload, lack of textbooks, irregular meals, and a responsible attitude to learning. The stress during the exam most often manifested itself in the form of tachycardia, palpitations, dry mouth, and headaches. To relieve stress, the use of delicious food, in particular sweets, prolonged sleep, and watching television are often used. It is recommended to conduct explanatory talks about the health benefits and stress relief of exercise.

Novel method of residual stress reduction for AlSi10Mg manufactured using selective laser melting without compromise of mechanical strength

ABSTRACT AlSi10Mg is often used to fabricate functional parts by Laser Beam Powder Bed (LBPB) fusion but is limited by the residual stresses formed during the process. Conventional methods of stress relief of AlSi10Mg often compromise the mechanical properties due to the high-temperature used. This paper solves the dilemma by using a novel method of residual stress relief without compromising its mechanical properties. This process uses a lower temperature for treatment followed by uneven cooling, inducing thermal stress during the cooling process such that it cancels out the existing residual stress that remains. The compressive strength of the part was not compromised after this treatment, verified by microstructure images. From electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis, the change in density of low angle grain boundaries (LAGB) and magnitude of residual stress relieved via this method followed the same trend, indicating the induction of dislocations from the stress-induced during uneven cooling.

STRESS LEVELS CAUSED BY LEARNING DURING COVID-19 READJUSTMENT IN ADOLESCENTS IN THAILAND AND THE SOLUTION

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought many changes upon society, one of which is the education module from onsite to online or hybrid learning during the initial phase of the pandemic. This change in the educational sector has greatly impacted many adolescents regarding learning styles, so it is predicted that the adolescents academic stress levels would increase as a result. Additionally, academic stress is found to be one of the major factors which contribute to the adolescents overall stress levels. Therefore, this survey research aimed to find out whether the education module has an effect on the adolescents academic stress levels or not, as well as the factors behind individuals perceived academic stress levels. The results showed that the education module does not affect the perceived academic stress and, regardless of the respondents present learning module, examination is the main factor of stress among the respondents. Additionally, many respondents preferred the onsite learning module. As regards stress relief methods, it was found that sleeping and listening to music are the top two most selected ways that most respondents.

Stress concentration in shape memory alloy sheets with circular cavities: Effects of transformation, saturation, and plasticity

The analysis of stress concentration in geometrically heterogeneous smart structures is of great importance. In this study, by utilizing a recent constitutive model which considered both transformation and plasticity of shape memory alloys (SMAs), the stress concentration factor (SCF) in plates with circular cavities is investigated and the effect of phase transformation, saturation, and plasticity which may occur locally is studied. The results show that the conversion of the austenitic phase to the martensite leads to a reduction in SCF. After saturation of phase transformation at the stress concentration point, the SCF increases until the entire sheet enters the martensite phase. In the example under study, the SCF reaches 5.8 which is greatly higher than the elastic SCF. By entering the plastic region locally, the SCF reduces. Also, the modeling of sheets with more than one cavity has been done. It is concluded that extra hole, as a stress relief method, has a stronger effect on decreasing maximum stress concentration of shape memory alloys (considering transformation and plasticity) compared to purely elastic stress concentration studies.