Strength Of Science Research Articles

Women’s strength in science: exploring the influence of female participation on research impact and innovation

Women’s strength in science: exploring the influence of female participation on research impact and innovation

China’s National Socioeconomic Strength in Science and Technology Development

Structured abstract - Creating a breakthrough for China's national strength on the basis of prioritizing science and technology development is a particular and important aspect of China's development orientation in the context of the Industry 4.0. These have intrigued the authors in the research that the policies for building China’s socioeconomic national strengths should be studied thoroughly. Purpose: The Central Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization and Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission’s operations and their effectiveness should be studied thoroughly to know more about the national strengths of China. Method/design/approach: This study has been conducted in qualitative approaches. The research is largely based on the documentary method and the observation method of the Communist Party of China in order to assess the strategic direction of the country's socio-economic development. Results and conclusion: The development of science and technology has also been identified by Chinese leaders as an important strategic issue related to national development and security. The development level of science and technology, especially achievements in the high-tech field, has become a fundamental foundation for China's national strength contemporarily. However, one of China's major weaknesses also lies in the high-tech field, while the country has not mastered a number of core technologies. The Chinese number of patents is large but the quality is not corresponding. Research implications: Among the major findings, the United States and its allies have recognized the competitive threats of China's reforms and breakthroughs in science and technology recently. Since then, there have been drastic countermeasures, turning the high-tech into a front line in the strategic competition with China. Originality/value: This can be explained by the fact that methodical, synchronous, and focused institutions and policies, supported by huge financial resources, are helping China transform strongly from a "follower" to a "frontier" country, even being a "pioneering" in science and technology globally.

Core Academic Offerings in Michigan Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources Education Programs

Offering core academic credits (e.g., math, science) for completing agriculture, food, and natural resources (AFNR) coursework at the secondary school level has the potential to increase the strength of the AFNR program as well as student interdisciplinary learning. Informed by the Career and Technical Education Student Typology, we explored the scope of core academic offerings in Michigan AFNR programs, including the frequency of core academic offerings, AFNR course types in which core academics are offered, and types of core academic credit obtained. Findings indicate 95.00% of Michigan teachers responding to the survey offered some form of core academic credit through their AFNR coursework. Additionally, findings suggest science is the most obtained core academic credit and the predominance of core academic credit is being offered in introductory course types within AFNR programs. These findings, among others, were synthesized into three conclusions which focus on the frequency of core academic offerings, strength of science as an integrated discipline, and identified opportunities to expand core academic offerings. The paper concludes with a roadmap for continued efforts to enhance core academic offerings and AFNR programs via a combination of research and practice.

Early strengths in science: Young children's conversations about nature in Latine families

Young children's science understanding begins in everyday observations and conversations with their parents. While research on STEM learning in Latine children often suggests deficits, we used diary report methods to identify conversations as indicators of 3–5-year-old children's early strengths in science. Twenty-one Latine families from coastal California, with parent schooling averaging 9 years (range 0–16), reported family conversations about nature for 2 weeks. Families reported on average 6.95 conversations (range 1–14). Frequent topics were animals (26%), plants (21%), weather (17%), and astronomy (16%). Partial correlations (controlling for age and parent schooling) revealed that children's question-initiated conversations correlated with families' science-related home activities, and conversations about animals and astronomy. Three case studies illustrate rich conversations where children and parents engaged in science practices during everyday talk. Our study provides evidence of Latine children's early interest in a broad array of science topics and their parents' support of their interests.

The Essential Role of Wetland Restoration Practitioners in the Science-Policy-Practice Process

We conducted a “living laboratory” study using a holistic transdisciplinary approach to demonstrate how new scientific tools and policy instruments could be mobilized to achieve wetland restoration goals. Our living laboratory was situated on the prairie pothole landscape in the province of Alberta, Canada, where policies require the replacement of lost wetland habitat. We created tools to map ditch-drained wetlands and to measure their functions in terms of hydrological health, water quality improvement, and ecological health to optimize targeting of wetland restoration sites. We also tested new policy instruments to incentivize private landowners to restore ditch-drained wetlands. However, we arguably failed in the implementation of the restoration program due to barriers that severely limited landowner participation, resulting in only a small number of wetlands being restored. Despite strength in science and a profound understanding of the policy, on-the-ground restoration work was stalled due to the interactive effects of environmental, social, economic, and political barriers. We discovered that despite our focus on overcoming the science-policy gap, it is the practice realm that requires more attention from both scientists and policy makers engaged in wetland restoration activities. Generally, the tools we developed were irrelevant because of complex interactions between actors and barriers within the policy, governance, and site-specific contexts that limited the use and application of the tools. Our living laboratory highlights the risks of engaging in use-inspired research without having a clear understanding of the actors and the interacting contexts that influence their behavior, motivations, and risk tolerance. Informed by our experiences, we offer key considerations for better engagement of practitioners in the design and implementation of wetland restoration programs.

Physical Training Information System of College Sports Based on Big Data Mobile Terminal

The development of information technology is changing all walks of life. People’s health problem is more and more prominent; people begin to talk about the reform of college sports training. Sports no longer rely on individual games, but on the comprehensive strength of science and technology competition. The fierce competition for Olympic gold medal in modern competitive sports is largely due to the competition of scientific and technological strength of various countries. China has also conducted a lot of research on sports information and made some achievements. Through the investigation, we know that, at present, the provincial level sports teams have established the relevant sports training information management system, which is very effective. The latest scientific and technological achievements are combined with sports to establish the university sports information system. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the university sports physical training information system based on big data mobile terminal, study the big data embedded system, improve the effect of sports skills training, and meet the social demand for high skilled sports talents. This paper uses the literature method, experimental investigation method, and big data spectral clustering algorithm-related experiments to study the advantages of big data and uses the value of big data and embedded system model to study the university sports physical fitness training information system based on big data mobile terminal. The results show that 40.6% of college students spend more time in physical exercise, based on the application of big data embedded system in college sports training; it is of great significance to arrange sports training methods to improve students’ sports training performance.

Overview of Comprehensive Utilization Research on Chemical Metallurgy from Panzhihua Mineral Resources by Chinese Academy of Sciences

Panzhihua-Xichang region is one of the most abundant areas of mineral resources in China.Vanadium-titanium magnetite of this region is a typical metal-associated iron ore resource with a comprehensive utilization value. Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICM CAS, now Institute of Process Engineering, IPE CAS) conducted an important comprehensive utilization research mission and supported the construction of Panzhihua iron and steel industry base. CAS academician Yap Chu-Phay, the first director of ICM CAS, has been engaged in comprehensive utilization research for a long time. At the National Science Conference in 1978, comprehensive utilization research on Panzhihua mineral resources was listed as one of the three major research centers in China. As deputy premier of the State Council, Fang Yi distributed related scientific and technological tasks to many institutes, universities, and enterprises of China. As national strategic strength in science and technology, this paper analyses the important functions of CAS in utilizing the major mineral resources in China through studying the history of the cooperation of ICM CAS and Panzhihua (1958—2001). From this case study, the paper reflects how Chinese state-run research institutions like IPE CAS have conducted scientific and technological research to meet major national strategic needs since its foundation in 1958.

Development Strategy of National Quality Infrastructure in China

National quality infrastructure (NQI) is the technical foundation of a country’s high-quality development and an important component of the national innovation system. Improving the technical capacity and management level of the NQI is a key means to promote China’s strength in science and technology and product quality. Conducting strategic research on NQI is critical for transforming China from a country of quantity to a country of quality. This study analyzes the status quo and existing problems in the development of quality infrastructure in China and abroad and proposes the overall idea, objectives, and future direction of the NQI development strategy for China. Furthermore, we propose several policies to provide support and reference for the scientific development of China’s NQI, including clarifying the strategic positioning of NQI, optimizing the construction of NQI, consolidating NQI technical foundations and systemic services, strengthening diversified resource investment, and participating in the international exchanges of NQI.

Development and prospects of biomedical imaging

<p indent=0mm>Biomedical imaging is an emerging interdisciplinary area based on physics, mathematics, chemistry, information science, engineering science, life science, and medicine. It is a crucial tool supporting both fundamental research and clinical diagnosis and treatment in biomedical field, and has pushed numerous breakthroughs in life science and medicine. Biomedical imaging is not only one of the pillars of Health China construction, but also a main engine to implement the national strategies of Intelligent Manufacture and National Big Data. Well-developed biomedical imaging will contribute to build China’s strength in science, technology, and talents, and ensure national security and social stability. This paper starts with illustrating the development and trends of biomedical imaging, reveals the attention and inputs by China’s scientists, communities, and governments, summarizes the outputs and leading areas, presents a SWOT analysis, and finally proposes our prospects and suggestions on this fast-growing field.

Turbulência de ideias: Sílvio Romero, entre a crítica literária e a sociologia de seu tempo (1851-1914)

Sílvio Romero foi um importante interprete do Brasil, da década 1870. Imbuído de ideias naturalistas, oriundas da Europa, o polígrafo combateu a visão tupiniquim do romantismo brasileiro, alegando ser esta uma visão irreal, mística e fantasiosa. Polêmico e preocupado com questões pertinentes ao progresso do país, Romero se enveredou pelos ensinamentos de Le Play, com o objetivo de esquadrinhar as diversas regiões do Brasil, se certificando da índole do brasileiro, para repará-lo. Escrevendo em tom de denúncia, Romero polemizou com diversos escritores, acreditando na força da ciência e de seus estudos, influenciados por Spencer, Gobineau, Ammon e Lapouge. Nacionalista e inquieto, Romero buscou encontrar o brasileiro a partir do que acreditava ser sua fundamentação, no caso, seu caráter, se desdobrando em valores e atributos morais. Constando a índole apática do brasileiro, apostou nas observações da Escola de Le Play para reparar o quadro pobre e miserável do Brasil de sua época.

Integrated health and social care for people with dementia and their informal caregivers, research results

Background: The Deltaplan for Dementia is a nationwide public-private initiative that aims to tackle and manage the growing problem of dementia by utilising innovative strengths in science, product innovation and healthcare including healthcare policy. The EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research JPND aims to increase investment between countries in research on the subject of neurodegenerative diseases. Nationally and Internationally, clients, health-care professionals and researchers work together in networks to establish integrated care. MEETINGDEM, aimed to adaptively implement and validate the, inclusive Dutch Meeting Centres Support Programme MCSP for community dwelling people with dementia and their family carers in three EU countries Italy, Poland, UK. MCSP provides people with dementia a social club, and carers information, practical, social and emotional support. It is concluded that MCSP is transferable across countries and has quality of life and mental health benefits for people with dementia and carers against reasonable additional costs. Decidem aimed to improve advance care planning ACP in general practice. A training for GPs is developed in initiating ACP with persons with dementia. A single blind cluster randomized controlled trail was conducted to study its effects. The ACP training leads to a significant increase in ACP conversation and medical and psychosocial topics. These findings also indicate that people with dementia PWD are able to engage in a shared decision making process. Thereby this study contributes to the evidence on capabilities of PWD. Moreover, the ACP conversation contributes to the empowerment of PWD. We advocate implementation of this ACP training. Three projects related to network-based covering formal care and informal care services, and integration of the variety of these services available in dementia care: i- DementiaNet - Evaluation of Sustainability and self-organisation of network-based primary care. DementiaNet is a network-based approach to improve primary care for community-dwelling dementia patients. Initial evaluation has showed merits of this approach, and important insights in factors of successful delivery of network-based care; ii- The “GOUDMantel-project” aims to use the valuable experiences and knowledge of former informal caregivers to better support current informal careers; ii- Dementia-Friendly Society - improving and sustaining positive health of people with dementia and their carers by creating dementia-friendly societies. D. Opportunities and challenges to enhance the social network of home dwelling people with dementia and their family carers. Aims and Objectives: This workshop gives insight in results and ongoing research, including and policy on more integrated care on people with dementia. Format timing, speakers, discussion, group work, etc: Three presentations will be given. One on the network-level and two on the project level. We will discuss the results with the target audience.

The Elements of Paganism as Reflected in Shirley Jackson’s “The Lottery”

Modern society is usually marked by the logical thought and behavior. Modern society is a society which has advanced science and technology, in which the people in this society are able to adapt with the situation and the condition where they live. The people in modern society are open minded to new inventions and experiences, so they can accept changes easily. Besides, they are people whose orientation is today and future. Thus, they are not tied with the past, moreover, if the elements related to the past hinder the advancement and are superstitious. It is triggered by the belief of the people in the strength of science. Anyhow, in reality, not all people in modern society can free themselves from illogical and superstitious, past thought. These people are still influenced by pagan thought and behavior which is mystical and superstitious. Related to that idea, the aim of this analysis is to analyze the elements of paganism reflected in a short story entitles “The Lottery” written by Shirley Jackson. This analysis applies descriptive analysis in which the Pagan thought and behavior reflected in the short story are described descriptively. The result shows that Pagan belief is adopted and applied in the life of the villagers in the story. The elements of Paganism are seen from the tradition or the ritual which is originated from ancient culture (pagan). The tradition or the ritual that the villagers conduct is to sacrifice one of the villagers by stoning him/her. Even though the tradition is scary but the villagers keeps applying it because they believe the ritual can save them. This is one of the Pagan believe. In the Pagan culture, someone was sacrificed to God and Goddess. Besides, the person is stoning to death. Stone used is originated from Pagan culture in which stone was a common weapon at that time.

A framework to quantify the strength of ecological links between an environmental stressor and final ecosystem services.

Anthropogenic stressors such as climate change, increased fire frequency, and pollution drive shifts in ecosystem function and resilience. Scientists generally rely on biological indicators of these stressors to signal that ecosystem conditions have been altered. However, these biological indicators are not always capable of being directly related to ecosystem components that provide benefits to humans and/or can be used to evaluate the cost-benefit of a change in health of the component (ecosystem services). Therefore, we developed the STEPS (STressor - Ecological Production function - final ecosystem Services) Framework to link changes in a biological indicator of a stressor to final ecosystem services. The STEPS framework produces "chains" of ecological components that explore the breadth of impacts resulting from the change of a stressor. Chains are comprised of the biological indicator, the ecological production function (EPF; which uses ecological components to link the biological indicator to a final ecosystem service), and the user group who directly uses, appreciates, or values the component. The framework uses a qualitative score (High, Medium, Low) to describe the Strength of Science (SOS) for the relationship between each component in the EPF. We tested the STEPS Framework within a workshop setting using the exceedance of critical loads of air pollution as a model stressor and the Final Ecosystem Goods and Services Classification System (FEGS-CS) to describe final ecosystem services. We identified chains for four modes of ecological response to deposition: aquatic acidification, aquatic eutrophication, terrestrial acidification, and terrestrial eutrophication. The workshop participants identified 183 unique EPFs linking a change in a biological indicator to a FEGS; and when accounting for the multiple beneficiaries, we ended with 1104 chains. The SOS scores were effective in identifying chains with the highest confidence ranking as well as those where more research is needed. The STEPS framework could be adapted to any system in which a stressor is modifying a biological component. The results of the analysis can be used by the social science community to apply valuation measures to multiple or selected chains, providing a comprehensive analysis of the effects of anthropogenic stressors on measures of human well-being.

Climate Closure

In the battle of public opinion over climate change, we can play to science's strengths by shifting tactics: Instead of struggling to prove humans are to blame, let's prove denialist fantasies wrong.

Mainly Talks about the Electronic Communication System Key Technology Analysis

electronic communicationtechnology today belong to a sophisticatedand highly applied technology, thekey technology development level and theprogress of a country's level ofelectronic communication technology.Electronic communication industry is a partof information industryindispensable, progress and the development ofelectronic communication technology to directly drive the advanced productiveforces and the strength of science and technology. The field and scope ofelectronic communication technology widely, especially prominent in two aspectsof mobile phone and satellite communications, this article will also throughthese two aspects to analyze the key technology of electronic communicationsystem problem.

State science academies seek their niche

A fledgling Virginia academy hopes that bringing state scientists together will catalyze interdisciplinary projects.

The contribution of applied social sciences to obesity stigma-related public health approaches.

Obesity is viewed as a major public health concern, and obesity stigma is pervasive. Such marginalization renders obese persons a “special population.” Weight bias arises in part due to popular sources' attribution of obesity causation to individual lifestyle factors. This may not accurately reflect the experiences of obese individuals or their perspectives on health and quality of life. A powerful role may exist for applied social scientists, such as anthropologists or sociologists, in exploring the lived and embodied experiences of this largely discredited population. This novel research may aid in public health intervention planning. Through these studies, applied social scientists could help develop a nonstigmatizing, salutogenic approach to public health that accurately reflects the health priorities of all individuals. Such an approach would call upon applied social science's strengths in investigating the mundane, problematizing the “taken for granted” and developing emic (insiders') understandings of marginalized populations.

The Largest Drought in American History: Funding for Science Is Drying Up

The Largest Drought in American History: Funding for Science Is Drying Up

Managing for success in international scientific collaborations: views from Canadian government senior science managers

Large-scale international scientific collaborations (ISCs) are one of several mechanisms that allow governments and businesses to tap into the global knowledge base. Participating in ISCs to access scientific knowledge from around the world is vital for a relatively small country like Canada to ensure success in building science and science-based capabilities and as a way to establish a respected reputation among nations. This paper explores the views of Canadian senior scientists and science managers from government laboratories on collaborations in large-scale ISCs with foreign countries and how Canada and its scientists are perceived on the international scientific scene. This knowledge is important as perceptions of a country's science capabilities and performance can affect international positioning for economic and science strength, ability to attract business investment, and even international political power. The results of the interviews lead to the conclusion that ISCs can be expected to deliver advantages, as reflected in the existing literature.

The strength of science and technology drivers for SME innovation

This analysis feeds into the academic debate on the most proficient innovation mode across firms, placing special emphasis on the characteristic case of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Of the three main approaches considered, the first stresses the importance of innovation based on science and technology (STI) drivers, such as research and development (RD the third, more recent approach is conceived as a combination of the former two (STI + DUI). In this paper, the three models are tested on a sample of 409 SMEs that have been supported by a public programme for innovation promotion developed by the Basque Government in Spain. The result is quite different from what is expected, yet it is insightful and potentially useful for both academics and policy-makers. Contrarily to what one would expect, SME innovation output is in fact more sensitive to STI drivers than to DUI drivers.