Strength Of Correlation Research Articles

Blurring the lines: an empirical examination of the interrelationships among acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility

BackgroundAcceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility are established implementation outcomes used to understand stakeholders’ perceptions of an intervention. Further, they are thought to provide insight into behaviors, such as adoption. To date, measurement instruments for the three outcomes have focused on their individual assessment whilst nodding to the idea that they may interrelate. Despite this acknowledgment, there is little empirical evidence of the association among these constructs. Using the example of genetic health professionals providing additional genomic results to patients, this study aimed to examine the interrelationships among acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility.MethodsA sequential explanatory mixed methods approach was employed. All genetic counsellors and clinical geneticists involved in a large research program were invited to complete pre/post surveys using existing measures of acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. Follow-up interviews, informed by the survey results, explored clinicians’ perspectives of the three outcomes in relation to providing additional genomic results to patients. To categorize interrelationships and generate feedback loops, survey data were analyzed using descriptive and correlation statistics and interpreted alongside interview data analyzed using content analysis.ResultsThe survey results (pre n = 53 and post n = 40) for each outcome showed a similar midpoint mean, wide ranges, and little change post implementation (Acceptability: pre M = 3.55, range 2–5 post M = 3.56, range 1.5–5; Appropriateness: pre M = 3.35, range 1–5, post M = 3.48, range 1–5; Feasibility: pre M = 3.30, post M = 3.32; range 1.25–5). The strength of correlation among outcomes ranged from 0.54 to 0.78. Five interrelationships were categorized from analysis of interview data (n = 14) and explain how clinicians’ perceptions of the intervention, positive or negative, were determined by interrelating factors of acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility and that in different scenarios, the function and emphasis of importance among outcomes switched.ConclusionsRather than existing separately, our study promotes the need to consider interrelationships among acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility to better characterize clinicians’ perceptions of complex health care interventions and aid in the development of implementation strategies that have real world impact. Further, in the interest of reducing research waste, more research is needed to determine if the outcomes could serve as proxies for each other.

Comparing the construct validity of measurement instruments for pain and stiffness in patients with axial spondyloartwhritis: cross-sectional analysis in the OASIS cohort

ObjectivesTo compare the construct validity, including discrimination between known groups, of three pain and three morning stiffness (MS) measurement instruments.MethodsPatients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis with 8-year data from the Outcome...

Correlation between body composition and bone mineral density in obese pre-menopausal women

Obese condition which causes changes in body composition affect to very serious consequences on Bone Mineral Density (BMD). This study aims to analyze correlation between body composition that consist of lean mass, fat mass, and visceral fat rating with Bone Mineral Density. Cross-sectional study that conducted from June-December 2023 at Diponegoro National Hospital (RSND) Semarang. Body composition respondent was measured using Tanita Body Analyzer and bone mineral density respondent was analyzed using Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in Semarang Medical Center. Statistical Analysis for correlation in this study using Spearman Test. Total 100 respondent in this study was in obese condition with mean body mass index 33.08 ± 5.42 kg/m2. There was no significant correlation between lean mass and total fat mass with bone mineral density (p>0.05) but, viseral fat rating and bone mineral density having significant correlation with p=0.021 with weak correlation strength r=0.230. Positive correlation was found among body composition that consist of fat mass, lean mass, and visceral fat rating with bone mineral density but, significant correlation only found in visceral fat fat rating and bone mineral density (p=0.021).

The correlation between students' information literacy and the utilisation of AI text generator in completing academic studies

Background of the study: The use of AI Text Generator (ATG) provides many conveniences for students, especially in accessing information in the form of text to make research proposals as a requirement for completing academic studies in lectures, but on the other hand the use of this technology also has a negative impact if not used wisely. Purpose: To describe the correlation between student information literacy and the utilisation of AI Text Generator in completing academic studies Method: Simple correlation to determine the level or degree of correlation between two variables. Findings: There is a significant correlation between students' information literacy and its five indicators with the utilization of AI Text Generator in completing academic studies. The level of correlation is in the moderate category. The types of AI Text Generator most widely used by students are ChatGPT, Perplexity, and followed by several other types of ATG. The reasons students use ATGs include developing ideas and information, efficiency, writing assistance, concept development, reference, problem solving, and improving the quality of writing. Conclusion: The existence of a correlation with a level of correlation strength that is in the moderate category indicates that these two variables influence each other but are not completely dependent on each other.

First-Principles Prediction of Structural Distortions in the Cuprates and Their Impact on the Electronic Structure

Materials-realistic microscopic theoretical descriptions of copper-based superconductors are challenging due to their complex crystal structures combined with strong electron interactions. Here, we demonstrate how density functional theory can accurately describe key structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the normal state of the prototypical cuprate Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi-2212). We emphasize the importance of accounting for energy-lowering structural distortions, which then allows us to (a) accurately describe the insulating antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state of the undoped parent compound (in contrast to the metallic state predicted by previous studies); (b) identify numerous low-energy competing spin and charge stripe orders in the hole-overdoped material nearly degenerate in energy with the AFM ordered state, indicating strong spin fluctuations; (c) predict the lowest-energy hole-doped crystal structure including its long-range structural distortions and oxygen dopant positions that match high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy measurements; and (d) describe electronic bands near the Fermi energy with flat antinodal dispersions and Fermi surfaces that are in agreement with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements and provide a clear explanation for the structural origins of the so-called “shadow bands.” We also show how one must go beyond band theory and include fully dynamic spin fluctuations via a many-body approach when aiming to make quantitative predictions to measure the ARPES spectra in the overdoped material. Finally, regarding spatial inhomogeneity, we show that the local structure at the CuO2 layer, rather than dopant electrostatic effects, modulates the local charge-transfer gaps, local correlation strengths, and by extension the local superconducting gaps. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Data Mining and Analysis for Iodinated Contrast Media Adverse Event Signals Based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System Database

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to employ the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to mine and analyze adverse events related to iodinated contrast media (ICM), explore the characteristics of adverse events (AEs) including their occurrence and correlation strength between AEs and drugs, and to provide valuable insights for clinical use. MethodsThe FAERS database was queried, data from Q1 of 2004 to Q2 of 2023 were extracted, and AE reports targeting 5 ICMs as the primary suspects were collected. Data mining and analysis were carried out on relevant reports using the reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN), and empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM), while the standardized medical dictionary for regulatory activities (MedDRA) queries (SMQ) was used for systematic classification. ResultsA total of 11,155,106 AE reports were retrieved from FAERS, with 2,412 for ioversol, 2,001 for iohexol, 987 for iodixanol, 1,154 for iopamidol, and 3,835 for iopromide. ICM-induced AE occurrence targeted 21 system organ classes (SOCs). A total of 329 significant disproportionality Preferred terms (PTs) conforming to the 4 algorithms were simultaneously retained. The results revealed that the medium and strong adverse drug reaction (ADR) signals of the 5 ICMs largely focused on “respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders,” “general disorders and administration site conditions,” “immune system disorders,” and “skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders.” Ioversol (log2ROR = 1.21, Padj = 0.034) and iopromide (log2ROR = 1.32, Padj = 0.004) were both correlated with a higher incidence of a significant ADR signal, namely throat irritation, particularly in females. In addition, ioversol and iopromide also suggested that toxic nephropathy (log2ROR = −2.47, Padj < 0.001) and hyperhidrosis (log2ROR = −1.22, Padj = 0.001) were significant ADR signals, especially in males, respectively. ConclusionsWhile the AE distribution of the 5 ICMs was consistent, there were variations in specific ADR signal characteristics, warranting further consideration and exploration.

Hubungan antara Durasi Penggunaan Suara dengan Permasalahan Suara pada Aktor Teater di Sanggar Teater di Wilayah Kota Surakarta

Background: An actor is a profession that requires both good vocal range and a quality voice simultaneously. In their workplace, they utilize their voices, which poses a risk of vocal issues such as overuse, potentially leading to voice problems. Persistent voice problems can endanger their professional career. Objectives: Discovering whether there is a correlation between the duration of voice usage and vocal issues among theater actors at the Theater Studio in the Surakarta City Area. Methods: Based on the type of data, this research is a quantitative study and is cross-sectional type. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling with a sample size of 50 respondents. The statistical test employed is the Spearman’s Rank test. Results: The results of the correlation analysis using Spearman's Rank test indicate that the p-value is 0.188 or &gt;0.05. It can be interpreted as accepting H₀ and rejecting Ha, indicating no relationship between the duration of voice use and voice problems in theater actors at the Theater Workshop in the Surakarta City area. Furthermore, the correlation strength (-0.189) is weak with a negative correlation direction, suggesting that the longer the duration of voice use, the smaller the value of voice problems. Conclusion: There is no correlation between the duration of voice usage and voice problems among theater actors at the Theater Studio in the Surakarta City Area. Keyword : Duration of Voice Use, Voice Problems, Theater Actors

Hubungan Kecerdasan Linguistik dengan Kemampuan Semantik Anak Gangguan Neurodevelopmental di Sekolah Luar Biasa Kota Surakarta

Background: Neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with disorders that lead to brain development characterized by an inability to reach normal limits of cognitive, emotional and motor development. This is also characterized by a delay in the language development process. Cognitive-linguistic is the ability to use language, both written and spoken, in various forms to express ideas. One of them is semantic skill. Semantics is the part of language structure that is related to the meaning of expressions and the meaning structure of speech. Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between cognitive-linguistic and semantic skill in children with neurodevelopmental disorders in special schools in Surakarta City. Methods: This research is a quantitative research with a descriptive correlational research design. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling with 60 respondents. The research instrument uses a linguistic intelligence test (Cognitive Linguistic Evaluation) and a semantic ability questionnaire. The statistical test used in this study is Kendall's Tau. Results: The results of the Kendall's Tau test showed a ρ value of 0.000 (ρ &lt; 0.05) and a correlation strength of 0.417. This means that there is a relationship between cognitive-linguistic and semantic skill, with a moderate correlation strength and a positive correlation direction. This means that the higher the child's cognitive-linguistic, the higher their semantic skill. Conclusion: There is a relationship between cognitive-linguistic and semantic skill in children with neurodevelopmental disorders in special schools in Surakarta City. Keywords: Cognitive-Linguistic, Semantic, Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Association of cumulative non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with the risk of cardiometabolic disease.

One measurement of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) is considered to be associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study aimed to exploring the association between cumulative non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Cum NHHR) exposure levels and the risk of cardiometabolic disease (CMD). This prospective cohort study included 43,735 participants, who participated in three consecutive health examinations in 2006, 2008, 2010 and had no history of CMD or cancer. The participants were divided into quartiles bases on their cum NHHR. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association between cum NHHR and the risk of CMD. Additionally, the direct method of standardized ratios was employed to calculate the absolute risk of CMD attributable to cum NHHR. Over a median follow-up period of 10.92 years (IQR: 10.22-11.26 years), 7,388 participants were newly diagnosed with CMD. In the multivariate-adjusted model, participants in quartiles Q2, Q3 and Q4 showed a progressively increased relative risk of CMD compared to those in Q1, The fully adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the risk of CMD in the Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups were 1.11 (1.04-1.20), 1.23 (1.14-1.32), and 1.29 (1.20-1.38), respectively, compared with the Q1 group. This association remained significant even after further adjustment for single measurements of NHHR. Moreover, cum NHHR was positively correlated with the absolute risk of CMD, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Higher cum NHHR is significantly associated with an increased risk of CMD, independent of single-point NHHR level. Additionally, there are significant different strengths of correlations between cum NHHR and different diseases.

Exploring Soil Biota and Chemical Dynamics in Palm Oil Cultivation: Insights from Cikabayan, Bogor

Soil biological properties sometimes escape attention from environmental studies, especially regarding land use change. Several studies on diversity have been conducted in palm oil. However, most of the studies only focus on certain genera or order and have not yet depicted the micro-ecosystem in the soil. This study aims to analyze the interaction between soil biological properties and soil chemical properties through a correlation study using Randomized Block Design (RBD) to simplify the system in the micro-ecosystem. The result showed that most soil microbe parameters have complex and different interactions with soil chemical properties. Soil biological properties, such as the total microbes (TM) and Azotobacter (Az), significantly correlated toward phosphate and potassium, respectively. Furthermore, mesofauna and macrofauna have a negative and weak correlation with pH and a negative and moderate correlation towards Phosphate (P) content in the soil. This negative and moderate correlation strength happened due to increased soil acidity, leading to a higher chance of H2PO4- interacting with metal ions, resulting in a high risk of toxicity. Soil chemical properties have complex interactions with soil biological properties, and each will affect the others to balance the chemical cycling in the soil. Thus, this study showed the importance of preserving the natural balance of cultivated areas, in this case, palm oil plantations, so that the well-preserved ecosystem will give its benefits.

Cerebellar Diameter as A Predictor of Gestational Age of Fetus: Comparison With Other Biometry Parameters

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if the fetal cerebellum can be used as a predictor of gestational age (GA), in comparison with other biometric parameters, such as fetal head circumference (HC), biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL). Materials and Methods: A grayscale sonographic examination was completed on a cohort of 200 pregnant participants, during their second and third trimester. A descriptive analysis was used to determine the fetal GA, utilizing the transcerebellar diameter (TCD), while comparing it with other biometry metrics. The mean and standard deviation were provided for quantitative variables, while frequencies were determined for categorical variables. A multivariate regression was used to construct models for determining the fetal GA by using the fetal TCD. Results: Paired sample statistics of this fetal data showed that the mean GA (i.e., fetal GA based on BPD, FL, HC, and AC) and TCD-GA have approximately the same mean values of 27.59. Moreover, the strength of correlation was 0.941 and a significance of P &lt; .001, respectively. Based on the paired sampling, the analysis indicated that there was a very strong significant positive linear relationship between mean fetal GA and TCD-GA and strong reliability. Conclusion: This cohort study demonstrated a very strong significant positive linear relationship between mean fetal GA and TCD-GA, with strong reliability. This may suggest that it is possible to determine fetal GA by measuring TCD.

A generic random field approach for stratification uncertainty quantification

Geological uncertainty is a crucial factor in the reliability design of geotechnical structures, necessitating advanced probabilistic approaches for robust subsurface stratification and uncertainty quantification. However, the spatial existence of geological formations at a specific location is indeed a nominal categorical variable. Unlike the spatial variability of soil properties that has been widely addressed using random field theory or geostatistics, quantifying the spatial correlations of formation existence poses unique challenges. In this study, a generic framework for geological uncertainty quantification is proposed. The spatial existence of each formation is modeled with individual latent random fields, such that the spatial correlation strength of formation existence can be defined in a consistent manner as that in geotechnical random fields. Moreover, an effective distance metric is introduced to accommodate spatial correlations within a distorted random field, allowing for the incorporation of stratigraphic dip naturally. The latent random fields are subsequently input into the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) to derive the probabilistic distribution of formation existence in the form of discrete random fields. The simulation framework is further formulated as a Bayesian inference problem to incorporate existing information from borehole records of a site. The proposed formulation offers great flexibility and versatility in simulating various complex stratigraphic configurations, which is demonstrated through a hypothetical case study with an inter-layer and a real case study in Perth, West Australia. This study advances rigorous quantification of stratification uncertainty, facilitating more reliable geotechnical design and risk assessment in complex geological environments.

Establishment and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative intestinal adhesion in children with acute appendicitis

PurposeThis study aims to explore the value of multiple indicators in the evaluation of risk factors for intestinal adhesion (IA) after appendectomy in children with acute appendicitis (AA).MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 608 patients who underwent appendectomy in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Medical Center of Jilin Province from January 2017 to April 2023, with a one-year follow-up period to record the occurrence of IA after appendectomy. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to screen the risk factors of postoperative IA, and a prediction model was established to predict postoperative IA.ResultsThere were 527 patients in the non-IA group and 81 patients in the IA group. Binary Logistic regression was used to determine the strength of correlation with postoperative intestinal adhesion. The risk factors identified were as follows: DS ≥ 43 h (OR = 3.903, 5points), CRP ≥ 65 mg/L (OR = 3.424, 4.5points), PCT ≥ 0.9 µg/L (OR = 8.683, 8points), Surgical duration ≥ 100 min (OR = 6.457, 7points), Appendiceal perforation (OR = 6.073, 6.5points), Postoperative exhaust time ≥ 55 h (OR = 14.483, 10points). After test, the nomogram drawn based on binary logistic regression can obtain good prediction efficiency. In the training set, the area under the curve was 0.960, the sensitivity was 0.898, and the specificity was 0.905. In the test set, the area under the curve was 0.957, the sensitivity was 0.864, and the specificity was 0.906.ConclusionPostoperative exhaust time ≥ 55 h has a high risk of IA after appendicitis surgery in children. Early recovery of intestinal peristalsis function is essential. This scoring model is a novel and promising method for predicting postoperative IA.

Complexity measure diagnostics of ergodic to many-body localization transition

We introduce diagnostics of the transition between the ergodic and many-body localization phases, which are based on complexity measures defined via the probability distribution function of the Lanczos coefficients of the tridiagonalized Hamiltonian. We use these complexity measures to analyze the power-law random banded matrix model as a function of the correlation strength and show that the moments and the entropy of the distribution diagnose the ergodic to many-body transition, as well as the distinctive feature of the phases concerning the memory of the initial conditions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Physical fitness and body build parameters of children and adolescents participating in the physical activity promotion programme “Athletics for all!”

BackgroundThis study attempts to analyse physical fitness and basic anthropometric parameters of children and adolescents participating in the nationwide physical activity promotion programme “Athletics for All!” (AFA). The programme aims to establish a national system for diagnosing, selecting, recruiting, and identifying talents in youth training. It also aims to build a career development path for athletics, forming the basis of a new structure for youth training in Poland. The primary goal of this study was to assess physical fitness of AFA participants over the years of its implementation (2015–2022) and to identify the leading motor ability with consideration for age, gender, and body build parameters determined with Body Mass Index and Ponderal Index.MethodsNationwide measurements of basic anthropometric parameters as well as physical fitness tests were conducted among 31,790 girls (F) and 22,260 boys (M) participating in the AFA programme. Physical fitness assessments were performed using the OSF test (3 × 10 m shuttle run, standing broad jump, 1 kg medicine ball throw, 4-minute run). Comparative analysis of OSF test results, considering gender, was conducted using the independent samples T-test. The strength and direction of correlations between variables were calculated using the rho-Spearman coefficient.ResultsOSF test results were converted into points, considering age and gender. Gender was found to be a significantly differentiating factor in physical fitness of AFA participants. Among twelve- and fifteen-year-olds, statistically significant differences were observed in all analysed variables, i.e. in each of the four tests and the overall score. It was noted that the examined girls aged 11 to 17 exhibited higher levels of strength compared to their male counterparts. Statistical analysis revealed significant correlations between OSF test results and the age and body build indicators, with the strength of the correlations being negligible in most cases.ConclusionsParticipants of the nationwide programme “Athletics for All!” demonstrate a high level of physical fitness, with endurance being a fundamental motor ability. Physical fitness levels show significant correlations with the anthropometric parameters of children and adolescents. The study results confirm the need and justification for implementing physical activity promotion programmes for the younger generation.

Indicator dynamics of the “Combating Cardiovascular Diseases” regional program aimed at reducing mortality from acute coronary syndrome

Aim. To analyze the dynamics of the application of medical and organizational technologies for achieving the target reduction of mortality from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the region. Materials and methods. In 2018, the research covered 1 regional vascular center (RVC), 8 primary vascular departments (PVD), and 41 medical organizations (MO). In 2022, the structure of medical organizations changed to include 3 RSCs, 9 PSOs, and 39 MOs. The indicators characterizing the provision of medical care to ACS patients in the Irkutsk region were calculated and analyzed. The presence, direction, and strength of correlation between the number of deaths from ACS and the number of medical and organizational activities was studied using linear correlation analysis by the Pearson method. Results. Over time, the share of hospitalization of patients with ACS in the early stages up to 12 hours increased from 42.1% to 46.5%. The mortality rate from ACS decreased by 20.4%, primarily due to a decrease in mortality in the first 24 hours (by 28.7%). The key medical and organizational technologies that have the greatest impact on mortality rates were identified. A strong relationship (r = -0.729) was established between the number of deaths from ACS and the number of patients transferred to the regional vascular center for emergency coronoplasty; two medium-level relationships (r = -0.343) were found between the number of deaths from ACS and the number of hospitalized patients with ACS in the first 12 hours; a correlation (r = -0.415) was determined between the number of deaths from ACS and the number of hospitalized patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy. The linear regression method showed that the availability of such procedures as emergency coronoplasty and thrombolytic therapy has prognostic significance for further reduction of the expected number of deaths from ACS in the region. Conclusion. The creation of the RVC and PVD infrastructure in the region allowed the major indicators of the “Combating Cardiovascular Diseases” regional program to be achieved.

Evaluation of registration-based vs. manual segmentation of rhesus macaque brain MRIs.

With increasing numbers of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets becoming publicly available, researchers and clinicians alike have turned to automated methods of segmentation to enable population-level analyses of these data. Although prior research has evaluated the extent to which automated methods recapitulate "gold standard" manual segmentation methods in the human brain, such an evaluation has not yet been carried out for segmentation of MRIs of the macaque brain. Macaques offer the important opportunity to bridge gaps between microanatomical studies using invasive methods like tract tracing, neural recordings, and high-resolution histology and non-invasive macroanatomical studies using methods like MRI. As such, it is important to evaluate whether automated tools derive data of sufficient quality from macaque MRIs to bridge these gaps. We tested the relationship between automated registration-based segmentation using an open source and actively maintained NHP imaging analysis pipeline (AFNI) and gold standard manual segmentation of 4 structures (2 cortical: anterior cingulate cortex and insula; 2 subcortical: amygdala and caudate) across 37 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). We identified some variability in the strength of correlation between automated and manual segmentations across neural regions and differences in relationships with demographic variables like age and sex between the two techniques.

Elucidating the roles of SOD3 correlated genes and reactive oxygen species in rare human diseases using a bioinformatic-ontology approach.

Superoxide Dismutase 3 (SOD3) scavenges extracellular superoxide giving a hydrogen peroxide metabolite. Both Reactive Oxygen Species diffuse through aquaporins causing oxidative stress and biomolecular damage. SOD3 is differentially expressed in cancer and this research utilises Gene Expression Omnibus data series GSE2109 with 2,158 cancer samples. Genome-wide expression correlation analysis was conducted with SOD3 as the seed gene. Categorical SOD3 Pearson Correlation gene lists incrementing in correlation strength by 0.01 from ρ≥|0.34| to ρ≥|0.41| were extracted from the data. Positively and negatively SOD3 correlated genes were separated for each list and checked for significance against disease overlapping genes in the ClinVar and Orphanet databases via Enrichr. Disease causal genes were added to the relevant gene list and checked against Gene Ontology, Phenotype Ontology, and Elsevier Pathways via Enrichr before the significant ontologies containing causal and non-overlapping genes were reviewed with a literature search for possible disease and oxidative stress associations. 12 significant individually discriminated disorders were identified: Autosomal Dominant Cutis Laxa (p = 6.05x10-7), Renal Tubular Dysgenesis of Genetic Origin (p = 6.05x10-7), Lethal Arteriopathy Syndrome due to Fibulin-4 Deficiency (p = 6.54x10-9), EMILIN-1-related Connective Tissue Disease (p = 6.54x10-9), Holt-Oram Syndrome (p = 7.72x10-10), Multisystemic Smooth Muscle Dysfunction Syndrome (p = 9.95x10-15), Distal Hereditary Motor Neuropathy type 2 (p = 4.48x10-7), Congenital Glaucoma (p = 5.24x210-9), Megacystis-Microcolon-Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome (p = 3.77x10-16), Classical-like Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome type 1 (p = 3.77x10-16), Retinoblastoma (p = 1.9x10-8), and Lynch Syndrome (p = 5.04x10-9). 35 novel (21 unique) genes across 12 disorders were identified: ADNP, AOC3, CDC42EP2, CHTOP, CNN1, DES, FOXF1, FXR1, HLTF, KCNMB1, MTF2, MYH11, PLN, PNPLA2, REST, SGCA, SORBS1, SYNPO2, TAGLN, WAPL, and ZMYM4. These genes are proffered as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the corresponding rare diseases discussed.

Relationship between Knowledge and Self-Efficacy of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) poses a significant threat to global health. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in the 10th edition of the Diabetes Atlas, DM has become one of the most rapidly escalating global health emergencies. In 2021, 537 million people in the world were living with DM. This number is projected to reach 643 million by 2030, and 783 million by 2045. Indonesia is in the top 10 countries with the most DM patients, reaching 10 million people. Self-efficacy in DM patients, shows the results that there are still many patients who have low efficacy. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: This quantitative research utilized a cross-sectional design involving 165 patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus undergoing outpatient treatment. A purposive sampling technique was applied, and data were analyzed using bivariate analysis to assess the relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy. The sample in this study amounted to 165 people with purposive sampling technique . The analysis method used was bivariate analysis to see the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that a significant relationship with a positive direction, namely, the higher the value of knowledge the higher the value of self-efficacy, and the strength of the moderate correlation between knowledge and self-efficacy. With moderate correlation strength. The coefficient of determination is 0.228, which means that the knowledge variable affects self-efficacy by 22.8% for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship, positive direction and moderate correlation strength between knowledge and self-efficacy in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In this regard, nursing can provide a preventive effort on cognitive aspects such as providing education on the importance of self-efficacy.

Correlation of obesity indices with metabolic syndrome among Igbos in Enugu and their optimal cut-off points

Background: Metabolic syndrome also known as insulin resistance syndrome or Syndrome X, represents an association of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its central diagnostic criteria include obesity, impaired fasting glucose, low HDL-cholesterol; elevated triglycerides levels and high blood pressure. Insulin resistance is believed to be the main cause of Metabolic Syndrome and is connected to the level of visceral or intra-abdominal adipose tissue, which could be assessed either by calculating body mass index or by measuring waist circumference. Objectives: This study aimed at determining the correlation of indices of obesity with metabolic syndrome among Igbos in Enugu and their optimal cut-off points. Method: This was a cross-sectional community-based descriptive survey carried out in Enugu Metropolis involving 469 apparently healthy adult volunteers age range 18-75 screened for metabolic syndrome using the Joint Interim Statement definition. Stratified random sampling technique was used in the selection of participants. The data obtained were coded and analyzed into percentages, mean and standard deviation using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23. t-test was used to compare continuous variables for associations, while Youden index and Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis were used to determine optimal cut-off point of the obesity indices that best balances sensitivity and specificity of the obesity indices. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine correlation between obesity indices and cardiovascular risks. Statistical significance is set at p&lt; 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Result: The study revealed that all indices of obesity showed positive correlation with metabolic syndrome. BMI showed the least strength of correlation while WC is the best discriminator for predicting Metabolic Syndrome however, the optimal cut-off point of the obesity indices differ from the standard cut-off points. Conclusion: All the obesity indices used in the study showed positive correlation with metabolic syndrome however, WC is to be preferred in screening for metabolic syndrome. The optimal cut-off point obtained can be applied specifically for Igbos in Enugu