Strategic Aspects Research Articles

The knowledge gaps in social media marketing for the agriculture industry

Abstract By applying the PZB gap theorem and its extension of knowledge gap model, this study explores the gaps between the knowledge capabilities needed for social media marketing and what agricultural organizations such as cooperatives or family farms have done from the strategic perception aspect, planning aspect to implementation aspect. This study employs a case study approach combined with a structured questionnaire distributed to top agricultural organizations in Taiwan, focusing on social media marketing within the knowledge management framework. The results of empirical analysis exhibit two gaps significantly impact the corporate performance, namely: the gap between the obtained knowledge capabilities after implementing the social media marketing plan and the actually required ones for the enhancement of corporate competitiveness in social media marketing; the gap between the knowledge capabilities for enhancing corporate competitiveness in social media marketing perceived by senior managers and perceived by employees. Based on the findings, this study suggest the agricultural organizations could try to improve by reducing these two gaps of implementation aspect to improve their performance. Finally, the in-depth interviews with two agricultural organizations could establish a practical understanding of the relationship between these empirical findings and business practices.

Transformation of e-commerce business models in the digital economy

Purpose. Research on the transformation of e-commerce business models in the conditions of the digital economy, analysis of the main directions of changes in business processes, as well as the determination of key differences between Internet commerce, e-commerce and online commerce, substantiation of the difference in the sources of generation of added value and identification of the factors that facilitate the transition from traditional e-commerce business models to digital ones. Methodology. When conducting the research, the trends of the development of electronic commerce and the factors contributing to their transformation in the conditions of the digital economy were revealed by the method of formal analysis. Findings. This study presents an analysis of trends and factors affecting the development of digital commerce and the transformation of digital commerce business models. The directions of integration of digital technologies into business processes and strategic aspects of the implementation of digital solutions into business practice are substantiated. The key factors that contribute to the transformation of e-commerce business models into digital commerce business models are identified, in particular, in the creation and implementation of new business models that allow for effective adaptation to the conditions of the digital economy. It is found that the economic basis of transformations of business models is the sources of creation of added value. It has been proven that digital technologies, which form the basis of e-business, are carriers and main sources of added value creation, which is reflected in business monetization models. The impact of artificial intelligence on the prospects and further development of digital commerce business models is analyzed. Originality. The scientific novelty obtained as a result of this research consists in the definition and substantiation of a new factor – added value, which is the main factor influencing the transformation of e-commerce business models into a digital commerce business model, which takes place under the influence of the digital economy. The novelty of the obtained research results in terms of substantiation of added value as a factor of transformation is proven by confirming the hypothesis that the formation of e-commerce business models and their transformation into digital commerce models take place under the influence of digital sources of added value creation.

Smart tourism transformation of the Şi̇le district: strategic aspects through a SWOT analysis

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the smart destination potential of the Şile district by identifying its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to smart city applications.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive SWOT analysis was conducted using data from participants and relevant documentation to assess the feasibility of smart tourism initiatives in Şile.FindingsThe analysis reveals that Şile, due to its proximity to Istanbul, has significant potential to develop into a smart tourism destination. Key strengths include its natural attractions, while challenges revolve around infrastructure limitations.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to the Şile district and may not be generalizable to other regions. Future research could expand the scope to include comparative studies with other potential smart tourism destinations.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the growing body of literature on smart tourism by offering strategic recommendations tailored to the unique context of Şile, a district with significant but underutilized potential.

Healthy design strategies to promote Urban Public Mental Health, according to the contemporary cities’ climate resilience and the SDGs’ challenges

Abstract According to the “Urban Health Rome Declaration” at European meeting “G7 Health” that defines the strategic aspects and actions to improve Public Health into the cities, and referring to the Agenda 2030 in which the 11th SDG argue about “Sustainable Cities and Communities. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”, one of the most expressive syntheses of the challenging relationship between urban planning and Public Health is stated by WHO (2016): “Health is the precondition of urban sustainable development and the first priority for urban planners”. Referring to the Healthy Cities & Urban Health definitions, we can consider Public Health not merely an aspect of health protection and promotion, but an individual and collective condition, strongly influenced by the environmental context and by the strategies implemented by local Governments. The “Health in All Policies” strategy, clearly underlines how health doesn’t depend only on the supply of healthcare services, but also, on the quality of outdoor and indoor living environments. Aim of the Presentation 3 is the share the findings of a literature review about the link between the urban contexts’ morphological and functional features; the results are divided into: 14 Health Outcomes, representing the main Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) whose come from the urban environment’s quality and by the adoption of healthy lifestyles; 8 types of Environmental Risk Factors (Urban Heat Island Effect; soil/air/acoustic/light pollution; vehicular traffic; Safety & Security; weak attractiveness of places); and 14 Healthy Urban Planning Strategies (green/blue/grey infrastructures; biodiversity protection; adverse meteoric events management; public transport systems; vehicular traffic reduction; pedestrian and cycling paths; social and functional mix; urban solid waste’s management; renewable energy and efficiency; outdoor spaces lighting; Design for All).

Mobilising Behind Trump for Democracy: The Case of Hong Kong

ABSTRACT This article examines social media posts and uses surveys to determine whether and why pro-democracy individuals in Hong Kong reconcile two seemingly incongruent understandings of democracy – support for Hong Kong’s democratic future in alignment with global democracy and support for Donald Trump, who is often seen to have promoted democratic backsliding. We also examine how Hong Kong-based Trump supporters define global democracy and perceive the legitimacy of storming the Legislative Council (LegCo) in 2019 hong Kong and the US Capitol attack in 2021. Situating in the debate between strategic and ideological aspects of Trump’s support, as well as the complex perceptions of global democracy, our findings suggest that the respondents’ domestic political affiliations are a significant variable in understanding why Hong Kong’s protest sympathisers support Trump and how they define democracy in connection to the fight against China’s authoritarianism, without considering the critiques of Western-based imperial repression, internal colonialism, and democratic/liberal imperialism.

Digital transformation readiness in large manufacturing firms: a building block model proposition

PurposeThis study identified the key factors that can be used to assess manufacturers' readiness for DT.Design/methodology/approachNon-participating observations and semi-structured interviews were applied to five large manufacturers in Brazil and four in the UK, using content analysis.FindingsThe paper (1) identifies and discusses the aspects that companies need to consider for digital readiness; (2) presents a model developed in building blocks for DT readiness, which goes beyond the technical dimension; (3) argues that few firms fully understand DT’s meaning, opportunities and risks, and they should invest in strategic and socio-managerial preparation; (4) emphasizes government support as crucial to assist the business digital journey and (5) highlights that DT is a human transformation and technology users are the primary agents of this change.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the literature proposes models regarding the levels of digital maturity, the present study investigates which organizational aspects need to be taken into account to be ready for digital change. The present study identified digital resources concerning the digital context (for instance, agile, collaborative, absorptive and data analytics capabilities) and provided an integrated view that encompasses also external aspects of the environment that need to be taken into consideration when performing the analysis, a contribution to strategic management literature in the sense that it goes beyond studies that usually explore only internal aspects of the firm that cannot properly explain how digitalization can be achieved by an organization.Practical implicationsTechnologies do not cause changes without people being able to extract and understand the value of the use and impact of these technologies. Business innovation demands engagement, attitudes and connections between people. If the factories do not mobilize and train internal and external collaborators to realize the value of digital technologies, the promised gains of DT will hardly be realized. Preparing people is one of the most challenging aspects of business digitalization. The proposed framework offers a multidimensional view of DT, providing insights into strategic aspects and the roles and mindset of employees in organizations on their digital journey, characterized by constant learning. DT is a work of change management, done with, for and by people. The article also helps companies identify critical factors to evaluate before operationalizing digital innovation practices.Social implicationsThis study also contributes to policymakers, such as government and industry consortia, in establishing relevant factors when policies are being drawn. Analyzing the factors for a sector, in general, might inform the investment priority in actions that might foster DT for that sector. Given the recurring turmoils in the global economic environment, broad policies need to be established by the government for business digitalization, which can boost the performance of the productive sector.Originality/valueThis study provides valuable insights consolidated into a DT readiness model. The article helps companies identify critical factors to evaluate before operationalizing digital practices. It compares the differences and commonalities among factories in an underdeveloped country versus an industrialized nation.

Research on the Impact of the Digital Transformation of Commercial Banks

The development of the digital economy has presented both opportunities and challenges for the transformation of commercial banks. This article aims to conduct a literature review on the impact of digital transformation on commercial banks and to explore the multi-dimensional effects it brings. Through a review and analysis of relevant domestic and international literature, this paper first defines the connotation of digital transformation in commercial banks. It then conducts a literature analysis and research on the strategic governance, business performance, and risk management aspects of the digital transformation of commercial banks from multiple perspectives. Based on the analysis of the existing literature, the paper explores directions for future in-depth research and offers corresponding policy suggestions, providing a theoretical and practical foundation for the future digital development of commercial banks.

How Gastronomic Image Shapes Tourism Competitiveness: An Approach with Sentiment Analysis

The competitiveness of tourist destinations is influenced by their relative attractiveness, which will play an essential role in their global success; gastronomy is one of the main motivations that lead tourists to visit a given destination. This research aims to investigate gastronomy’s role in the destination’s competitiveness and image through the analysis of online reputation, both in terms of ratings and sentiments provided by the experience, through the creation of an index of the online reputation of gastronomic image. Online restaurant reviews retrieved from TripAdvisor, from restaurants belonging to eight tourism destination regions, considered the competitive set to the Algarve, are analysed by applying sentiment analysis algorithms. With regard to the Algarve region, it was concluded that the Costa del Sol and the Tropical coast were the most competitive regions in terms of gastronomic image, where the inclusion of seafood products in meals was one of the strategic aspects used to increase the competitiveness of this region. These results can help restaurant managers and destination management organisations to better understand the different customer needs and how to increase their competitiveness.

Subscriber retention management: SRM framework and future research agenda

Purpose This article aims to systematically review the fragmented but increasingly relevant research field of customer retention management in subscription scenarios, proposing the subscriber retention management framework for retention management in subscription settings and directing future research. Design/methodology/approach The authors systematically reviewed 1,295 articles to offer a comprehensive, unbiased overview on customer retention management in subscription-based services. From 122 selected articles, the authors conducted a descriptive analysis, conceptualized key insights into a novel framework and recognized research gaps. Findings Among 122 articles, 111 focus on private customers across various service sectors, while lacking reflection on new digital industries, reactive retention and the corporate context. The conceptualization of results merges existing insights into seven dimensions, encompassing strategic and tactical aspects and the interplay of controllable and uncontrollable factors. The authors also outline 12 emerging research directions. Research limitations/implications Given the extensive body of literature, the authors were unable to delve into detailed explanations. The findings are limited to management science research sourced from Scopus, adhering to a rigorous filtering process. Sub-domains, such as reactive or business-to-business retention management, remain somewhat provisional due to little results. Practical implications A sustainable subscriber retention strategy hinges on: (1) integrating retention into business strategy, (2) adjusting acquisition and retention tactics to specific markets and (3) using a consistent retention marketing mix considering affective, calculative and habitual commitment factors. Originality/value The authors contribute with a first systematic review of subscription-specific retention management in a rapidly growing area. This results in a novel framework that broadens the understanding of subscriber retention and identifies research gaps.

Financial Analysis of Real Estate Companies Based on the Harvard Framework: A Case Study of Poly Developments and Holdings

China's real estate market saw considerable volatility between 2019 and 2023. Poly Developments and Holdings Group Co., Ltd. successfully weathered the market downturn of 2020, the rebound in 2021, and the subsequent downturn in 2022 to retain its position as one of China's top real estate companies, which has peaked by 2024. Using the Harvard Analytical Framework, this paper covers strategic, accounting, financial, and prospective aspects of Poly Developments over the past five years, conducting a comprehensive financial analysis. By regularly implementing outstanding financial management strategies, Poly Developments clearly shows that it effectively controlled important market volatility over the past five years. Poly Developments achieved exceptional performance by adopting financial methods that were well-suited to its specific circumstances, avoiding excessive aggression during market upswings and excessive caution during downturns. In addition, the study suggests that Poly Developments should boost its financial risk management, grow its market, improve cost control and operational efficiency, and strengthen asset usage and inventory management.

The Strategic Aspects of Functional Position Development in Diy Local Government

Developing competence and distributing human resources within the state civil apparatus (ASN) is crucial for enhancing their professionalism. This study aimed to identify constraints and alternative strategies for developing competence in functional positions within the Yogyakarta Special Region Government (DIY). Using a qualitative descriptive analysis, the research highlighted several obstacles in functional position development, including limited training types, budget constraints, scheduling conflicts, and insufficient information about available training. Training institutions responsible for developing the competence of functional officials must adhere to legal requirements, particularly those holding accreditation from the relevant Guiding Agency. Collaboration with universities or accredited training institutions is also necessary, particularly in education. Additionally, there is a need to ensure that competent teaching staff are available for specific types of functional training. To address these challenges, the selection of training types must align with a mapped-out understanding of the competency needs of functional officials in the DIY Regional Government. By considering these needs, the government can better target the development of its human resources, ensuring that functional officials receive the appropriate training to fulfill their roles effectively. These steps will help overcome current barriers and support ASN's long-term professionalism and competence in functional roles.

Employment conditions, conflicts, and new challenges along the transport-logistics chain

Logistics, understood as a management tool for the flow of goods and transport, has emerged as a strategic aspect of the economy. The complexity of a logistics transport chain is correlated with the increasing structuring of firms into networks and the fragmentation of global value chains. While the modern economy demands greater synchronization, the Covid-19 pandemic highlighted that a disruption to any link in the chain can have systemic impacts. The pandemic has placed significant pressure on global supply chains, affecting employment conditions, particularly on ships, in warehouses, and in last-mile logistics. Labor market distortions are offset by intense competition along the logistics chain, encompassing maritime activities, cargo handling in ports, and transport services in the hinterland, where distribution centers are located. In this introduction, we define logistics as a complex and diverse field, elucidating key aspects not yet fully addressed in the scientific literature. This Special Issue aims to enrich the scientific debate on logistics by exploring the evolving dynamics along the logistics chain with a focus on labor issues. We examine logistics and transport infrastructures by posing questions aimed at facilitating comprehensive empirical descriptions and broad theoretical reflections on contemporary forms of labor.

STRATEGIC MARKERS OF INVESTMENT IN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE OBJECTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE

The paper examines the strategic aspects of investing in Ukraine's critical infrastructure in the state's economic security context. The importance of critical infrastructure for the stable functioning of the economy in the face of modern challenges, including military threats, cyber-attacks and natural disasters, is analyzed. The issue of financial instability, which requires the involvement of private investors and international partners to restore and modernize infrastructure, is also considered separately. The study examines the role of public-private partnership and international cooperation as the introduction of innovative technologies, such as artificial intelligence and IoT, to increase the efficiency and sustainability of infrastructure facilities. Critical strategies for effective risk management and attracting investments to restore energy, transport and communications have been identified. Recommendations are offered for assessing investments' economic and social efficiency, considering the payback and impact on the population's well-being. The paper also outlines the prospects for long-term economic growth through investment in critical infrastructure, an essential element of the country's post-crisis recovery. This study delves into the strategic dimensions of investing in Ukraine's critical infrastructure, emphasizing its significance for economic security. The paper thoroughly examines Ukraine's financial constraints due to the ongoing war and economic instability. It underscores the necessity of engaging private investors and fostering international collaboration. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) and international financial institutions are identified as crucial players in providing the necessary funding and expertise for the recovery and modernization of infrastructure. The article also explores how integrating innovative technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), can significantly enhance the resilience and efficiency of infrastructure systems. In conclusion, the article offers strategic recommendations for investing in Ukraine's critical infrastructure. The purpose of the study is to identify strategic priorities for the allocation of investment resources for the reconstruction of critical infrastructure, considering the aspects of economic security.

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The article is devoted to the study of strategic aspects of conflict management in an enterprise. It has been proven that conflict management in an enterprise is an important aspect of strategic management. Effective conflict management can contribute to achieving the goals of the organization, improving the working atmosphere and increasing labor productivity. It has been proven that conflict management strategies in the enterprise management system are an important component of ensuring the effective operation and stability of the organization. It has been established that the development of a conflict resolution strategy requires a thorough analysis of existing contradictions, understanding their causes and taking into account the characteristics of each enterprise. The article proposes an algorithm for strategic conflict management at the enterprise and conflict management strategies. The cycle of implementation, monitoring and correction of the conflict management system is also considered. The conflict competence of employees and managers of the enterprise is analyzed. It has been established that the successful development of this competence requires the participation of relevant specialists, such as psychologists and conflict managers

Development characteristics, problems and countermeasures of major scientific and technological infrastructures in the field of life sciences

The major science and technology infrastructure in the field of life science is an indispensable and important content in the large-science facility landscape. It encompasses cutting-edge, strategic, and fundamental aspects. This field differs from traditional facilities such as particle physics, astronomy and nuclear energy. Moreover, it represents a relatively underdeveloped area in China's facility landscape. Unique characteristics are observed in terms of capital investment, physical form, facility lifespan, digitization degree, organizational structure, project risk, and development effect when compared to traditional facilities. Despite its importance, challenges persist in project establishment, investment, management, and construction. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the condensing mechanism for addressing major scientific issues in the life science field, improve the strategic investment layout, facilitate the localization of technical equipment based on original scientific ideas, and strengthen the differentiated management capacity of life science facilities.

Strategies for the Development of Tilapia Fish Floss Processing Businesses: A Case Study in Cijambe Village, Cijambe Sub-district, Subang District

Aims: This study aims to analyze the strategic development of UMKM Ibu AAS's tilapia fish floss processing business, evaluating its internal and external factors to determine appropriate growth strategies. Study Design: The research follows a case study design focusing on a single business unit, UMKM Ibu AAS, to understand its operational, financial, and strategic aspects. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at UMKM Ibu AAS, Cijambe Village, Subang District, over a period of six months from January to June 2021. Methodology: This study employed qualitative and quantitative methods, including SWOT analysis, financial analysis, and observational techniques. The financial analysis covered short-term and long-term aspects, while the SWOT analysis helped identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the business. Primary data were collected from business records, interviews with key personnel, and direct observations. Results: The study revealed that UMKM Ibu AAS, despite having solid operational strengths and a strategic location, faces challenges in capital limitation and high production costs. The business shows potential for growth, indicated by a strong market demand and advantageous relationships with consumers. Financial analysis suggest profitability with an R/C ratio of 2.027, indicating efficient revenue generation against costs. The SWOT analysis positions the business in Quadrant I, suitable for aggressive growth strategies focusing on exploiting strengths and opportunities. Conclusion: UMKM Ibu AAS has a promising future in the tilapia fish floss industry, contingent on strategic capital investment and efficient management. The study recommends adopting aggressive growth strategies, enhancing production technology, expanding market reach, and establishing stronger partnerships to capitalize on the available opportunities.

Multi-method characterization of 50-year-old mass concrete from the nuclear power plant Unterweser in Germany: A forensic approach

Concrete core samples extracted from the base of the 50-year-old reactor building at the Unterweser nuclear power plant in Germany were analyzed using contemporary and complementary experimental techniques. The analysis focused on qualitative and quantitative assessments of the mineralogical composition of ingredients, mixture composition, aggregate size distribution, presence of cracks, porosity, and compressive strength. Optical microscopy revealed insignificant micro-cracking in the concrete matrix, while the presence of blast furnace slag was clearly visible. Petrographic analysis of polished and thin sections has enabled the estimation of the concrete mixture composition and the grain size characteristics of the aggregates. The aggregates consist of quartz, silt, and volcanic rock with minor amounts of fossil-bearing grains. Pore size distribution obtained from mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) reveals that the concrete has a relatively refined pore structure. Hydration products in the matrix, i.e., hardened paste, were analyzed using powder X-ray diffraction (p-XRD) and thermogravimetry (TGA). Furthermore, backscattered electron (BSE SEM) image analysis was conducted to quantify the original mixture composition, including cement and slag contents, and water/binder ratio. This study emphasizes strategic and practical aspects of conducting in-depth analysis on hardened concrete samples that are several decades old and may serve as a general guideline for similar inquiries in diverse concrete structures.

The future of AI: hospitality and tourism perspectives

ABSTRACT The Hotel Management School Leeuwarden and the European Tourism Futures Institute organised a webinar to discuss and explore how artificial intelligence (AI) will impact the hospitality and tourism industry in the future. The webinar brought together a panel of academics, including Professor Iis Tussyadiah from the University of Surrey, Professor Stanislav Ivanov from the Varna University of Management, and Frederik Jan van der Meulen from Hotel Management School Leeuwarden, to discuss the multifaceted applications of AI in the industry. The speakers shared their insights through a series of presentations, underscoring AI integration’s strategic, economic and sustainability aspects. AI is presented as a critical element in enhancing customer experiences, optimising operational processes, and shaping the industry’s future landscape. The speakers discussed the role of generative AI in improving the industry’s resilience, the economic implications of AI’s integration and the challenges and strategies for sustainable AI adoption. This webinar goes beyond traditional AI debates by analysing AI’s strategic function in future-proofing hospitality and tourism businesses, its economic impact and its role in sustainability. The speakers’ crucial insights can help the hospitality and tourism industry embrace AI, highlighting the delicate balance between innovation, ethics and sustainability. This webinar’s extensive discussion of AI as a tool for efficiency and industry transformation makes it valuable for academics and industry professionals.

The Impact of Strategic Project Management on the Success of Construction Projects in the Contracting Sector in Riyadh

This study aimed to identify the impact of strategic management on the performance of construction projects in Riyadh. The impact was examined across dimensions including environmental analysis, strategy formulation, strategy implementation, and strategy evaluation, and measured against project efficiency, adoption of innovation, and sustainability. The research employed a descriptive and analytical approach, reviewing relevant Arabic and foreign references to establish theoretical foundations. Additionally, a field study was conducted through the distribution of questionnaires to construction project managers in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 394 individuals participated in the study using a simple random sample method for data collection. The research yielded several key findings, indicating a high level of success in construction projects, with a strong positive correlation between strategic project management and project success in the Kingdom. Strategic project management was found to explain 78.9% of the changes in project success, with an increase of 1% in strategic project management correlating to a 0.391% increase in professional project success. However, the main hypothesis of the study was found to be invalid. Based on the results, recommendations were made, including the adoption of project management methods integrating strategic aspects and the encouragement of companies to implement continuous improvement of strategic project management practices to enhance long-term competitive capabilities.

ACTUAL ISSUES OF REPRODUCTION OF FIXED ASSETS OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES

The article touches upon topical issues of reproduction of fixed assets of domestic enterprises in terms of their accounting, audit and strategic aspects of management. The study emphasises the necessity of constant renewal of fixed assets to ensure competitiveness, increase of labour productivity and quality of products. The main purpose of the study is to identify the key problems of managing the reproduction of fixed assets and formulate ways to solve them. To achieve the research objective, the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis and empirical methods were used. The paper emphasises the importance of improving accounting and auditing, considers the concepts of physical and moral wear and tear, as well as depreciation of fixed assets. It is determined that improving the depreciation policy is an important factor in increasing the investment activity of business entities. It is substantiated that internal audit plays an important role in providing reliable information on the process of reproduction of fixed assets, which contributes to the effective management of enterprise resources. The author defines the tasks of internal audit, including verification of the correctness of recognition and assessment of fixed assets restoration costs, reliability of information on depreciation charges, depreciation and residual value of fixed assets, control over accounting of lease transactions and transactions with investment property. The publication also discusses the strategic aspects of fixed assets reproduction, emphasising the importance of an innovative approach to improving the competitiveness of enterprises. It is noted that the implementation of innovative reproduction requires an integrated approach, including the construction of a mechanism that ensures the orientation of the market and the macroeconomic model of management to innovative forms of reproduction of fixed capital. The article pays special attention to the problems of financing innovative projects and cooperative technological chains. The article concludes by emphasising the need to form a comprehensive mechanism at the macro level, focused on the priority reproduction of fixed asset systems using the latest technologies. The paper emphasises the importance of creating a unified system of innovation and investment activities of enterprises, taking into account the interests of all participants. It stresses the expediency of using both market and non-market incentives for the reproduction of fixed assets, which will facilitate the production of competitive products and ensure the sustainable development of enterprises in the market.