Vertical Straight Line Research Articles

Bentuk Penyajian Tari Sambut Muara Enim Di Sanggar Belide Kabupaten Muara Enim

The Muara EnimWelcom Dance is a traditional dance in Muara Enim Regency, the welcome dance is still developing today. The aim of this research is to describe the form of presentation of the welcome dance. To strengthen the research, the research interviewed 3 informants Dian PermanaJoeliusS.Pd, Elani DestiaristaS.Pd, Sri WulandariS.Pd, people who had received information about the welcome dance, from its presentation to how the welcome dance works displayed. The benefits of this research are to preserve existing arts, and it is hoped that it will be useful for: increasing the insiht of researchers and readers of this article, to know what the Muara Enim welcome dance is, for similar researchers so that it can be used as a reference. This research uses qualitative methods, data collection and retrieval techningques using observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The results of this researchis that the welcome dance is a form of presentation consisting of dancer are walking on tiptoe, hands stacked, opening right and left, praying up, picking right and left up. The music used in the welcoming dance includes drums, kromongan, simbal and gong. The make-up used by dancers for female dancers uses beautiful make-up while male dancers use handsome make-up. The costumes for the welcoming dance are clothes brackets, songketclosth, shawls, paksangko crowns, potpourri of flowers. The floor design is in the shape of the letter V and has straight horizontal and vertical lines. The property used by dancers of tanggai, betel taps, umbrellas and spears. The performance venue is like a performance stage in general.

КОМП’ЮТЕРНИЙ МОДУЛЬ ПРОГРАМИ ДЛЯ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ОПТИМАЛЬНОЇ ФОРМИ ЗАПРАВКИ НИТКИ НА ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОМУ ОБЛАДНАННІ

The results of determining the optimal form of thread filling on the technological equipment of the light and textile industry using the computer module of the program for determining the tension of technological processes are given. The computer module of the program for determining the intensity of technological processes, using the recursion algorithm, allows you to determine the optimal form of filling the thread for obstacles in the form of a vertical straight line, a circle and a rectangle. These geometric images reflect real guides and working bodies of technological equipment. The development of new technological processes in the light and textile industries and the improvement of existing ones is based on the optimization of thread tension in the working area. An increase in the amount of tension leads to thread breaks, and a decrease in its value leads to a violation of technological processes, a deterioration in the quality of manufactured products and, as a result, also leads to breaks in raw materials. Thus, the optimization of the thread tension in the working area allows you to maximally exclude thread breaks, increase the productivity of the technological equipment and the quality of the manufactured products. When processing raw materials on the technological equipment of the light and textile industry, the thread tension gradually increases from the exit zone from the packaging to the working zone. The increase in tension is due to the contact of the thread with the guiding and working bodies of the technological equipment of the light and textile industry. Due to the frictional forces in the contact zone, the thread tension increases after the guiding and working bodies of the technological equipment. The magnitude of the friction force is affected by the angle of coverage of the thread of the guide. The form of filling the thread on the technological equipment is a broken line. The guiding and working bodies of the technological equipment are located at the breaking points. Optimizing the filling form consists in minimizing the total angle of coverage of the guide thread. Graph theory and specialized software must be used to solve the complex task of optimizing the thread filling form on technological equipment. The magnitude of the frictional force in the zone of contact with the guiding and working bodies of the technological equipment of the light and textile industry depends on the tension of the thread in front of the guide, the radius of curvature of the guide surface, the angle of coverage by the thread of the guide, guide material and thread, speed of thread movement.

Development and validation of a practical solution for detecting motion artefacts in the EOS X-ray system

The EOS™2D/3D system is a low-dose, 3D imaging system that utilizes two perpendicular X-ray beams to create simultaneous frontal and lateral images of the body. This is a useful modality to assess spinal pathologies. However, due to the slow imaging acquisition time up to 25 s, motion artifacts (MA) frequently occur. These artifacts may not be distinguishable from pathological findings, such as scoliosis, and may impair the diagnostic process. The aim of this study was to design a method to detect MA in EOS X-ray. We retrospectively analyzed EOS imaging from 40 patients wearing a radiopaque reference device during imaging. We drew a straight vertical line along the reference device. We measured deviations from it to quantify MA, presenting these findings through descriptive statistics. For a subset of patients with high MA, acquisitions were repeated after giving specific instructions to stand still. For these patients, we compared MA between the two acquisitions. In our study, a substantial proportion of patients exhibited MA ≥ 1 mm, with 80% in frontal projections and 87.9% in lateral projections. In the subjects who received a second acquisition, MA was significantly lower in the second images. Our method allows for a precise detection of MA on EOS images through a simple, yet reliable solution. Our method may improve the reliability of spine measurements, and reduce the risk of wrong diagnosis due to low imaging quality.

Modified of Single Deepest Vertical Detection (SDVD) Algorithm for Amniotic Fluid Volume Classification

Amniotic fluid a crucial role in ensuring the well-being of the fetus during pregnancy and is contained within the amnion cavity, which is surrounded by a membrane. Several studies have shown that volume of amniotic fluid can vary throughout pregnancy and is closely linked to the health and safety of the fetus. This indicates that it is essential to perform accurate measurement and identification of its volume. Obstetric specialist often use a manual method to identify amniotic fluid by visually determining the longest straight vertical line between the upper and lower boundaries. Therefore, this study aims to develop detection model, known as modified Single Deepest Vertical Detection (SDVD) algorithm to automatically measure the longest vertical line by following medical rules and regulations. SDVD algorithm was designed to measure the depth of amniotic fluid vertically by searching the column of pixels that comprised the image sample, excluding any intersection with the fetal body. Performance testing was carried out using 130 images by comparing the manual measurement results obtained by obstetric specialists and the proposed model. Based on the experimental results using modified SDVD, the average accuracy, precision, and recall achieved for amniotic fluid classification were 92.63%, 85.23%, and 95.6%, respectively.

Солярное пространство в истории текста романа М.А. Булгакова «Мастер и Маргарита» (часть 2)

The article is devoted to the consideration of the formation of solar space in the history of the text of M.A. Bulgakov’s novel “The Master and Margarita” on the base of its textual analysis. In our work, we rely on the system of editions of the novel that we have established and its main text, reflecting the last creative will of the author to the fullest extent: the first (1928–1930), the second (1932–1936), the third (1936), the fourth (1937), the fifth (last handwritten, 1937–1938), the sixth (final, 1938–1940). The draft texts are conveyed by dynamic transcription, which will make visible the process of writer’s work on the creation and allow us to see the formation of the author’s intention. Graphic conventions are used for this: 1) a piece of text crossed out by the writer — [text]; 2) an insert during the writing process — text; 3) an insert crossed out — [text]; 4) a later insert — {text}; 5) a later insert crossed out — {text}; 6) a conjecture — <text>; 7) reliability of the transmitted author’s text — <sic>; 8) the end of a page and the transition to the next one are indicated by two straight vertical lines ||. When quoting draft texts, the author’s spelling and punctuation are preserved.

Солярное пространство в истории текста романа М.А. Булгакова «Мастер и Маргарита» (часть 1)

The article is devoted to the consideration of the formation of solar space in the history of the text of M.A. Bulgakov’s novel “The Master and Margarita”. The author of this paper try to understand the writer’s intention based on a textual analysis of the novel. In our work, we rely on the system of editions of the novel that we have established and its main text, reflecting the last creative will of the author to the fullest extent: the first (1928–1930), the second (1932–1936), the third (1936), the fourth (1937), the fifth (last handwritten, 1937–1938), the sixth (final, 1938–1940). The draft texts are conveyed by dynamic transcription, which will make visible the process of writer’s work on the creation and allow us to see the formation of the author’s intention. Graphic conventions are used for this: 1) a piece of text crossed out by the writer — [text]; 2) an insert during the writing process — text; 3) an insert crossed out — [text]; 4) a later insert — {text}; 5) a later insert crossed out — {text}; 6) a conjecture — <text>; 7) reliability of the transmitted author’s text — <sic>; 8) the end of a page and the transition to the next one are indicated by two straight vertical lines ||. When quoting draft texts, the author’s spelling and punctuation are preserved.

An Approach for Elliptical Trajectory Planning with Vertical Straight Line Segments of Pick‐and‐Place Robot Operation with Height Clearance

This study deals with elliptical trajectory planning with vertical straight‐line segments for pick‐and‐place robot operation with height clearance. It is significant for trajectory planning for the pick‐and‐place operation with the different height clearance between the picking point and placing point, or with the height clearance for picking and placing the product in the box. In this study, we propose an optimal asymmetric bisected elliptical path with two vertical straight line segments and a method to generate a motion profile suited to geometry of the optimal asymmetric bisected elliptical path based on the radius of curvature. The simulation result demonstrates that the proposed trajectory planning approach enables to reduce workspace and cycle period of the pick‐and‐place operation by minimizing the length and height of the path and guarantees continuity and smoothness of velocity, acceleration and jerk, and results in smoothness of working action of robot actuators.

Unveil Overcharge Performances of Activated Carbon Cathode in Various Li-Ion Electrolytes

Typically, the practical lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is composed of a capacitive cathode (activated carbon, AC) and a battery-type anode (graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon). There is a risk of the LIC cell overcharging to an unsafe voltage under electrical abuse conditions. Since the anode potential is usually quite low during the charging process and can be controlled by adjusting the amount of anode materials, the overcharge performances of LIC full-cell mainly depend on the AC cathode. Thus, it is necessary to independently investigate the overcharge behaviors of the AC cathode in nonaqueous Li-ion electrolytes without the interference of the anode electrode. In this work, the stable upper potential limits of the AC electrode in three types of lithium-ion electrolytes were determined to be 4.0−4.1 V via the energy efficiency method. Then, the AC//Li half-cells were charged to 5.0 V and 10.0 V, respectively, to investigate the overcharge behaviors. For the half-cells with propylene carbonate (PC)-based electrolytes, the voltage increased sharply to 10.0 V with a vertical straight line at the end of the overcharging process, indicating that the deposits of electrolyte decomposition had separated the AC electrode surface from the electrolytes, forming a self-protective passivation film with a dielectric capacitor behavior. The dense and compact passivation film is significant in separating the AC electrode surface from the electrolytes and preventing LIC cells from volume expansion and explosion risks under electrical abuse and overcharging conditions.

Synthesis of the transforming mechanism of the rocking machine

This article discusses the synthesis of a six-link transforming mechanism of a rocking machine.First, the problem of synthesizing a four-link articulated-lever mechanism for reproducing a verticalline was solved. For this purpose, the problem of synthesizing a rectilinear-guiding mechanism ofthe Evans type, which is a hinged-lever four-link mechanism with a straight vertical line drawingpoint, is considered. The task of synthesis is to implement the constraint equation. The geometricmeaning of the constraint equation is to determine the hinge, the positions of which in the absolutecoordinate system are equidistant from the origin of the OXY coordinate system.The problem of synthesis is formulated as a problem of quadratic approximation. According to thefound dimensions of the articulated four-link, performing the position analysis, the true positionsof the suspension point of the rod column were determined. After that, the found parameterswere refined using the output criterion directly, that is, the deviation from the given rectilineartrajectory.After the synthesis of a straight-line guiding mechanism, a drive kinematic chain was synthesized,which consists of a crank and a connecting rod.Thus, a rocking machine drive mechanism was obtained, containing a base, a crank pair connectedto the main hinged four-link mechanism. The technical result is achieved by the fact that a two-linkgroup is attached to the main four-link mechanism, forming a class III mechanism. The attachedtwo-drive group is the leading crank connected to the rack and connecting rod.Based on the obtained dimensions of the six-link converting mechanism, an experimental modelwas developed, which fully confirmed the efficiency of the transforming mechanism.

ANKARA EXHIBITION HOUSE BUILT IN THE STYLE OF DE STIJL MOVEMENT

De Stijl and Neoplasticism are two currents that are confused with each other. However, De Stijl emerged as an extension of Neoplasticism and influenced the following movements such as Futurism, Dadaism and Minimalism, and had an impact on the emergence of abstract art, especially in plastic arts and painting. In this movement, besides the use of straight horizontal and vertical lines, the use of the primary colors red, yellow and blue is frequently seen. The idea and purpose of living in art integrated with life caused De Stijl artists to focus on the art of architecture. In this trend, building units were built in which functionality is prominent, horizontal-verticality is emphasized, and with the materials and technology of the day, which can meet the needs of human beings. In the first period of the Republic, new architectural understandings began to be adopted in accordance with both Atatürk's will and industrial developments. As a result of these developments, although the emergence of the De Stijl movement and its entry into the Anatolian lands were simultaneously, it was observed that it mixed with other styles as well as alone in Turkey. With the Ankara Exhibition House, which was built with the De Stijl movement, universal tools were embodied, and a link was established between art and rational life. In a sense, the harmony of modern art with modern life has been realized. Keywords: De Stijl, Neoplasticism, Ankara Exhibition House, art history, history of architecture

Отклонения от гипотезы Фурье, выявленные при низкочастотных испытаниях коробчатой оболочки

The article presents the results of box-shaped shell tests in the frequency range of 10…50 Hz. According to the Fourier hypothesis, the peaks of the amplitude-frequency characteristics corresponding to different points of the box-like shell are to lie on the same vertical straight line. An analysis of the results of frequency tests revealed significant deviations from the Fourier hypothesis. It is shown that in resonance (of the same tone) different points of the box shell oscillate with different frequencies. Frequency shifts are about 2 Hz.

Stabilization of Three Links Inverted Pendulum with Cart Based on Genetic LQR Approach

This academic paper demonstrates the implementation of a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller design for optimal controlling a three connected links in an inverted pendulum form that attached to a moving cart to realize the stability of making a pendulum in a straight vertical line via translation of the cart left and right. To maintain a triple link inverted pendulum (TLIP) vertical, genetic algorithm has been employed to adjust and tune the parameters of LQR, which are the weighting matrices Q and R instead of the approach of try and error. In this article, a hybrid control algorithm (GA-LQR) proposed to select the optimal values of weighting matrices to overcome LQR design difficulties, which gives the best transient response requirements such as percentage overshoot and steady state error. The triple link inverted pendulum is model mathematically modelled in MATLAB platform to simulate the actual system where the results from the simulation gives acceptable and adequate performance of LQR controller in making the system stable.

Numerical and Experimental Study on Dynamic Response Mitigation of Tension Leg Platform Using Tuned Mass Damper

_ Response amplitude mitigation of the offshore structures like tension leg platform(TLP) is important since these structures are always exposed to environmental loads such as waves, and in the case of TLP, reduction in response amplitude of platform causes reduction in stress range in tendons; this would increase the fatigue life of tendons, and therefore, increases the structural safety. Also providing stable conditions for machinery and crew increases the efficiency and functionality of the platform. This article thus aims to investigate the possibility and effectiveness of applying tuned mass damper (TMD) as a passive structural control system to suppress the surge motion of TLP that is exposed to wave load. Both numerical and experimental studies were carried out to assess the performance of the TMD. A close agreement is obtained between the numerical simulations and experimental results. The results of numerical and experimental investigations in this study indicate that applying the TMD, tuned to the surge natural frequency of the platform or frequencies close to the surge natural frequency of the platform, doesn’t have efficiency in reducing the surge responses of TLP in the range of probable waves in seas and oceans. Introduction Tension leg platform (TLP) is one type of the offshore structures used for exploitation of petroleum from deep seas and oceans. This is a type of positively buoyant floating platform, which means that the buoyancy caused by the hull of the TLP in operational draught is more than the total weight of the platform. This excess buoyancy is used to impose initial pretension in straight vertical mooring lines called tendons. TLP is moored to the seabed using the group of tendons at its every corner. One of the features of tendons is that this type of mooring lines have high axial stiffness. Because of that, tendons restrict the vertical motion (heave) and vertical in-plane rotations (pitch and roll) of the platform, but show flexibility in horizontal motions (surge and sway) and horizontal in-plane rotation (yaw), therefore, TLP can be considered laterally compliant because of significant range of displacements in these degrees of freedom.

Vortex line density of superfluid suction vortex

Although a suction vortex is one of the most common vortices appearing in everyday life, its internal structure has not been fully understood yet. We experimentally generate directly a superfluid suction vortex with a superfluid stirring system. A quantum vortex line carries all the microscopic circulation, and the distribution of vortex lines can be measured by combining two acoustic techniques. The results show that the vortex lines accumulate in the narrow region around the axis of symmetry. However, the vortex lines are not a simple bundle of straight vertical lines, but most of them incline in the horizontal direction.

Does my patient have SARS-CoV-2 infection? A reminder of clinical probability formulas

Around the world, people are wondering, ‘Do I have SARS-CoV-2?’. Determining a person’s probability of illness is central to the practice and teaching of evidence-based medicine (EBM). Probabilities can be...

Reconstruction of fracture geometry in material medium by elastic wave

Over the past few years, intelligent detection and fast and precise positioning for fracture have been hotspots in the field of geological engineering. The propagation of elastic wave in fracture inclusive one-dimensional line segment was obtained through simulation, and then Densely Connected Convolutional Networks (DenseNets) were used to learn waveform. Moreover, the key features of the fracture were obtained automatically from elastic wave to achieve fast, precise, and intelligent detection for fractures in line segment. Furthermore, the Schoenberg linear slippage model was used to describe the contact behavior of closed fractures on two-dimensional plane. The propagation of elastic wave on fracture inclusive plane was obtained by simulation, and the plane is divided into several horizontal and vertical straight lines in which elastic wave was collected. The sampled data were analyzed by the trained neural network model, and geometrical reconstruction was implemented for fractures on the plane based on the detection results of each line and row. Finally, three-dimentional scanning laser Doppler vibrometry was used to experimentally obtain propagation of elastic wave on granite plane under incentive effect, and then experimental data were input into the neural network. This has accurately recovered the geometrical shape of fracture in granite and further verified the precision of the neural network.

Anharmonic effects on the dynamic behavior’s of Klein Gordon model’s

This work completes and extends the Ref. Tchakoutio Nguetcho et al. (2017), in which we have focused our attention only on the dynamic behavior of gap soliton solutions of the anharmonic Klein-Gordon model immersed in a parameterized on-site substrate potential. We expand our work now inside the permissible frequency band. These considerations have crucial effects on the response of nonlinear excitations that can propagate along this model. Moreover, working in the allowed frequency band is not only interesting from a physical point of view, it also provides an extraordinary mathematical model, a new class of differential equations possessing vital parameters and vertical singular straight lines. The dynamics around these singularities gives new informations of great interest, such as to better understand the break up (rupture) of a stretched polymer chain by pulling and its relation to soliton destruction and which until now had no mathematical explanations yet. The mathematical model of the differential equation we obtain corresponds, as an equivalent experimental model, to the nonlinear transmission electrical line introduced in 2009 in Ref. Yemélé and Kenmogné(2009), whose equations were corrected but not entirely resolved in 2016 in Ref. Yamgoué and Pelap(2016). Our dynamic study thus presents a theoretical prediction for their experimental set up. An extensive account of the bifurcation theory for modulated-wave propagation is given. By investigating the dynamical behavior and bifurcations of solutions of the planar dynamical systems, we not only make a total inventory of the solutions that can include such differential equations, but we derive a variety of exotic solutions corresponding to each phase trajectories as well as their different conditions of existence.

Design and control of a two-wheel self-balancing robot

Designing the self-balancing two wheeled mobile robots and stabilizing it has gained a lot of momentum in research areas. Instead of complex control system that are mostly scene in these research papers this paper introduces a new design of two wheeled robot structure which fulfils the required level of stabilization without any complex control system. To achieve this, the structure is designed with a vertical straight line motion. After deriving the mathematical model, the model is simulated in Matlab Simulink. The simulation is carried for step, ramp and uneven terrain input conditions.

Пространство «вечного дома» в истории текста романа М.А. Булгакова «Мастер и Маргарита»

One of the important questions in bulgakovian studies is connected with the space of “the eternal house”, peace, which the master had deserved. The author of this paper try to understand the writer’s intention based on a textual analysis of the novel. In our work, we rely on the system of editions of the novel that we have established and its main text, reflecting the last creative will of the author to the fullest extent [1]. The line “The Master – Margarita” is outlined in drafts of the 1931 novel and is developed in its second edition (1932–1936). The third (1936) and fourth (1937) editions are incomplete — they don’t have the episodes considered in this paper. Therefore, our study uses the texts of drafts of 1931, the second, fifth (last handwritten, 1937–1938) and the sixth (final, 1938–1940) editions of the novel. The draft texts are conveyed by dynamic transcription, which will make visible the process of writer’s work on the creation and allow us to see the formation of the author’s intention. Graphic conventions are used for this: a piece of text crossed out by the writer — [text]; an insert during the writing process — text; an insert crossed out — [text]; a later insert — {text}; a later insert crossed out — {text}; a conjecture — <text>; reliability of the transmitted author’s text — <sic>; the end of a page and the transition to the next one are indicated by two straight vertical lines ||.

(Invited) Predication of High-Rate and Low-Temperature Battery Performance By Ion Transport Obtained from Impedance Using Symmetric Cells

The expansion of lithium-ion battery (LIB) usage from small applications such as portable electronic devices to large applications such as electric vehicles and stationary power supply1 necessitates the improvement of high-rate LIB performance especially at the low-temperature region, due to the growing frequency of outside use.2 , 3 The major reason of LIB performance degradation during low-temperature operation is considered to be non-uniform reaction occurrence, which is due to a decrease in Li ion transport for charge compensation inside porous electrode during charge/discharge. In order to quantitatively determine this Li ion transport at the LiNiO2-based positive electrodes with various loading weight, porosity, and conductive carbon ratio, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using symmetric cells (EIS-SC)4-9 was performed. In this presentation, the feasibility of the obtained ion transport was investigated in terms of parameters of predicting high-rate and low-temperature battery performance.10 The high-rate and low-temperature cycle performance of LIB was performed using a cylindrical battery composed of LiNiO2-based positive/graphite negative electrodes with LiPF6-based electrolyte at a rate of 5C corresponding 0.2 h charging/discharging and a temperature of 0 °C. The capacity retention was calculated from the capacity after 200 cycles relative to the initial capacity at a temperature of 25 °C. The electrochemical cell for impedance measurement consists of two uncharged LiNiO2-based positive electrodes via a separator containing the same Li-based electrolyte. The Nyquist plots obtained are straight line with a slop of 45° and vertical straight lines with respect to the real axis in the high and low-frequency regions, respectively, indicative of typical blocking behavior in porous electrode. Using the Nyquist plots and transmission line mode theory to investigate electrochemical processes in porous electrodes,11 the ionic resistances inside the porous positive electrodes (R ion) were quantitatively determined as ion transport parameter. The reciprocal of ionic resistance (R ion −1) for all electrodes of various configurations exhibits nicely positively correlation with capacity retention of low-temperature (0 °C) battery cycling; that is, the capacity retention of the low-temperature cycle test increases as R ion −1 increases. This result suggested that for a porous electrode, high ionic resistance (which corresponds to low ion transport) results in reaction non-uniformity, which causes the deterioration of high-rate and low-temperature cycling lifetime.Regarding the conventional cycle-test procedure for practical LIBs, there are problems of material and time consumption since it requires long testing after producing many large batteries. In this work, we subject symmetrical cells with small-sized and real-life electrodes to impedance analysis, and electrochemically quantify ion transport in practical porous electrodes employing a simple protocol that can be used to estimate high-rate and low-temperature LIB performance in a short time without finally producing many large batteries. Therefore, this criterion allows us the possibility of simple prediction for such high-rate and low-temperature LIB performance, and therefore contributes to the realization of an energy storage system that meets the demands for high-rate and low-temperature performances such as fast-charging in the future.References S. Chu and A. Majumdar, Nature, 488, 294-303 (2012). M.-T. F. Rodrigues, G. Babu, H. Gullapalli, K. Kalaga, F. N. Sayed, K. Kato, J. Joyner and P. M. Ajayan, Nat. Energy, 2, 17108 (2017). R. Schmuch, R. Wagner, G. Hörpel, T. Placke and M. Winter, Nat. Energy, 3, 267-278 (2018). N. Ogihara, Y. Itou, S. Kawauchi, C. Okuda, Y. Takeuchi and Y. Ukyo, Meeting s, MA2012-02, 723 (2012). N. Ogihara, S. Kawauchi, C. Okuda, Y. Itou, Y. Takeuchi and Y. Ukyo, J. Electrochem. Soc., 159, A1034-A1039 (2012). N. Ogiahra, Y. Itou, S. Kawauchi, T. Kobayashi and Y. Takeuchi, Meeting s, MA2013-02, 947 (2013). Y. Itou, N. Ogihara, C. Okuda, T. Sasaki, H. Nakano, T. Kobayashi and Y. Takeuchi, Meeting s, MA2014-04, 611 (2014). N. Ogihara, Y. Itou, T. Sasaki and Y. Takeuchi, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 4612-4619 (2015). Y. Itou, N. Ogihara and S. Kawauchi, J. Phys. Chem. C, 124, 5559-5564 (2020). N. Ogihara, Y. Itou and S. Kawauchi, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 10, 5013-5018 (2019). R. de Levie, Electrochim. Acta, 9, 1231-1245 (1964).