Storage Of Chemical Products Research Articles

Segregação de Resíduos Químicos por Compatibilidade e Reatividade no Instituto Butantan

The chemical residues management plan at Instituto Butantan employs a combination of criteria that must be considered when working with such residues: inter and intra class incompatibility, chemical reactivity and other characteristics that may alter the risk classification of certain substances, such as hydration and concentration. The program also develops educational activities and proposes measures for minimization of residue generation. A chemist is in charge of all technical aspects regarding residues management. The Environment Management in collaboration with the Safety Engineering Department collected and sent to incineration chemical residues in accordance with the current legislation. This plan minimizes operational risks and shall be implemented not only for the final destination of chemical residues, but also for the storage of chemical products in laboratory and in the industry, contributing to operational safety in addition to social welfare. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v7i1.688

Environmental impacts on soil and groundwater at airports: origin, contaminants of concern and environmental risks

Environmental impacts of airports are similar to those of many industries, though their operations expand over a very large area. Most international impact assessment studies and environmental management programmes have been giving less focus on the impacts to soil and groundwater than desirable. This may be the result of the large attention given to air and noise pollution, relegating other environmental descriptors to a second role, even when the first are comparatively less relevant. One reason that contributes to such "biased" evaluation is the lack of systematic information about impacts to soil and groundwater from airport activities, something the present study intends to help correct. Results presented here include the review of over seven hundred documents and online databases, with the objective of obtaining the following information to support environmental studies: (i) which operations are responsible for chemical releases?; (ii) where are these releases located?; (iii) which contaminants of concern are released?; (iv) what are the associated environmental risks? Results showed that the main impacts occur as a result of fuel storage, stormwater runoff and drainage systems, fuel hydrant systems, fuel transport and refuelling, atmospheric deposition, rescue and fire fighting training areas, winter operations, electrical substations, storage of chemical products by airport owners or tenants, and maintenance of green areas. A new method for ranking environmental risks of organic substances, based on chemical properties, is proposed and applied. Results show that the contaminants with the highest risks are the perfluorochemicals, benzene, trichloroethylene and CCl(4). The obtained information provides a basis for establishing the planning and checking phases of environmental management systems, and may also help in the best design of pollution prevention measures in order to avoid or reduce significant environmental impacts from airports.

Air and Pollutant Transport from Attached Garages to Residential Living Spaces – Literature Review and Field Tests

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is conducting a study on the indoor air quality (IAQ) impacts and engineering solutions related to the transport of pollutants from attached garages to residential living spaces. Natural or fan-induced pressure differences across air leakage paths in house-garage (HG) interfaces can result in the transport of the contaminants generated in garages into adjacent living spaces. This paper summarises a literature review on the transport of pollutants from garages to residential living spaces and describes a field study to estimate the range of airtightness of attached garages and of HG interfaces in the United States.Although the body of literature on pollutant transport from attached garages to residential buildings is limited, the studies reviewed provide substantial evidence that transport of contaminants from garages has the potential to negatively impact residential IAQ in either an acute (e.g., carbon monoxide from automobiles) or chronic manner (e.g., storage of chemical products). However, the literature contains few answers on issues such as the airtightness and geometry of the HG interface, the impact of heating and cooling equipment in the garage, and the effectiveness of potential engineering solutions.To address one gap in understanding these issues, the airtightness of garages and HG interfaces was measured in five residences using fan pressurisation. While the small sample of houses limits generalisation of the results, a range of house ages, styles, and sizes was included. For all homes tested, the garage was found to be at least twice as leaky as the house, based on air change per hour at 50 Pa. The leakiness of the garage envelope, based on surface area normalised effective leakage area at 4 Pa (ELA4/SA), ranges from a high of nearly eleven times to a low of two and a half times that of the house exterior envelope leakage. On average, the HG interface was almost two and a half times as leaky as the rest of the house envelope, when based on ELA4/SA. However, this average is somewhat skewed due to one HG interface measured in this study that is almost eleven times as leaky as the rest of the house envelope. Conversely, a larger Canadian study found HG interfaces to be comparable to house envelopes but found the average garage to be about ten times as leaky as houses – possibly because Canadian houses are consistently tighter than U.S. houses (Fugler et al. 2002).The knowledge gained from this review and the field study will be used in a simulation study of the potential occupant exposure to pollutants from attached garages and to explore potential engineering solutions to this IAQ problem.

ChemInform Abstract: Safety Measures in the Storage of Chemical Products. New Recommendations from the Federation of the Chemical Industry

ChemInform Abstract: Safety Measures in the Storage of Chemical Products. New Recommendations from the Federation of the Chemical Industry

Sicherheitsmaßnahmen bei der Lagerung chemischer Produkte. Neue Empfehlungen des Verbandes der Chemischen Industrie

AbstractSafety measures in the storage of chemical products. New recommendations from the Federation of the Chemical Industry. Accidents in the storage of chemical products are comparatively rare, but can have enormous consequences for the vicinity if large quantities of materials are involved. Hazards are presented by the possibility of combustion, explosion, and thermal decomposition of the products, by the spread of toxic substances, and by the generation of dangerous decomposition products or contaminated fire‐extinguishing water in case of fire. This paper considers the safe storage of explosive substances and protective measures to prevent thermal decomposition, especially of fertilizers. It also reports on the determination of dangerous combustion products and on measures for preventive fire‐fighting measures and retention of fire extinguishing water in the case of plant protection agents. New legislation and a number of proposals by the Federation of the Chemical Industry are described.