STM32F4 Discovery Board Research Articles

Temperature Control Unit—Modeling and Implementation of a Particle Filter on a Microcontroller

The paper discusses the possibilities of using particle filter estimation algorithms in embedded systems. For this purpose, the dedicated testing platform was built, which allowed for the determination of the estimation quality of a particle filter on a real system, and the microcontroller performance in that scenario. Tests were performed using the obsolete and not very efficient, although energy-saving, STM32F4 Discovery board—it has allowed for an in-depth analysis, and the results can be easily improved by switching to a modern platform. The quality of operations in open- and closed-loop systems was investigated based on the analysis of time simulations conducted for various mathematical models. These analyses made it possible to establish a correlation between the number of particles and the required calculation power. They have shown that it is possible to successfully implement and run a particle filter algorithm on an older and computationally limited device, as well as in real-time scenarios.

Design and processor in the loop implementation of an improved control for IM driven solar PV fed water pumping system

In recent years, the improvement of photovoltaic water pumping system (PVWPS) efficiency takes the considerable interest of researchers due to its operating based on cleaner electrical energy production. In this paper, a new approach based on fuzzy logic controller incorporating loss minimization technique applied to the induction machine (IM) is developed for PVWPS applications. The proposed control selects the optimal flux magnitude by minimization of the IM losses. Moreover, Variable step size perturb and observe method is introduced. The suitability of the proposed control is approved by reducing the absorbed current; therefore, the motor losses are minimized and the efficiency is improved. The proposed control strategy is compared with the method without losses minimization. The comparison results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method based on losses minimization regarding the electrical speed, absorbed current, flow water and developed flux. A processor-in-the-loop (PIL) test is effectuated as an experimental test of the proposed method. It consists in implementing the generated C code on the STM32F4 discovery board. The obtained results from the embedded board are similar to numerical simulation results.

Supersingular Isogeny Key Encapsulation (SIKE) Round 2 on ARM Cortex-M4

We present the first practical software implementation of Supersingular Isogeny Key Encapsulation (SIKE) round 2, targeting NIST's 1, 2, 3, and 5 security levels on 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 microcontrollers. The proposed library introduces a new speed record of all SIKE Round 2 protocols with reasonable memory consumption on the low-end target platform. We achieved this record by adopting several state-of-the-art engineering techniques as well as highly-optimized hand-crafted assembly implementation of finite field arithmetic. In particular, we carefully redesign the previous optimized implementations of finite field arithmetic on the 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 platform and propose a set of novel techniques which are explicitly suitable for SIKE primes. The benchmark result on STM32F4 Discovery board equipped with 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 microcontrollers shows that entire key encapsulation and decapsultation over SIKEp434 take about 184 million clock cycles (i.e., 1.09 seconds @168 MHz). In contrast to the previous optimized implementation of the isogeny-based key exchange on low-end 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4, our performance evaluation shows feasibility of using SIKE mechanism on the low-end platform. In comparison to the most of the post-quantum candidates, SIKE requires an excessive number of arithmetic operations, resulting in significantly slower timings. However, its small key size makes this scheme as a promising candidate on low-end microcontrollers in the quantum era by ensuring the lower energy consumption for key transmission than other schemes.

A wireless visualization monitoring, evaluation system for commercial photovoltaic modules solely in MATLAB/Simulink environment

This paper proposes a wireless photovoltaic (PV) visualization monitoring, evaluation, and fault detection system based on the STM32F4DISCOVERY board with Bluetooth data transmission in the MATLAB/Simulink platform. All of the irradiance, the cell temperature, voltage, and current of PV devices are acquired through the microcontroller-based DAQ board. These measurements data are transferred to a host computer by both Bluetooth slave module and Bluetooth master one built in a laptop. These measurement data are visually displayed in the form of dashboard in the MATLAB/Simulink environment and are simultaneously input to PV model for theoretical simulation. The functions of evaluation and fault detection for PV modules under practical working conditions are conducted and displayed at the same software platform.The proposed system has been proved with sufficient accuracy and confidence in the functions of visualization monitoring, evaluation, and fault detection. As compared with the well-developed ones, the proposed system has the advantages such as: reduce both cable and hardware configuration and integrate the all visualization monitoring, evaluation, and fault detection solely in the MATLAB/Simulink environment.

Direct Power Control of Three-phase Voltage Source Converters Using Feedback Linearization Technique

This paper describes the direct power control (DPC) of a three-phase voltage source converter (VSC) using feedback linearization technique. This technique transforms nonlinear model of the VSC into a linear one so that the controller design is easy and independent of the operating point. The problem is formulated in the DPC framework. The DPC with space-vector modulation (DPC-SVM) is adopted because of its constant switching frequency operation. The control scheme is implemented on a STM32F4DISCOVERY board. The validity of the scheme has been verified through experiment which shows that the proposed control strategy provides the VSC operation with wide operating range and fast transient responses.

Sistema de Seguridad Basado en una Plataforma Heterogénea Distribuida

This work presents the project entitled Digital Security Ecosystem, carried out as a final project in the Distributed Embedded Systems subject, which belongs to the Computer Engineering Master, at the Complutense University of Madrid. In this work, a security system is described and implemented through a heterogeneous platform, whose objective consists of the authorized users' verification. Concretely, the Raspberry Pi board is responsible for identifying the image and the password, while the STM32F4 Discovery board acts as the user interface, receiving the password which will be sent to the Raspberry by using the RS-232 interface.

Implementation of the FITA Fuzzy Inference System on the specific microcontroller platform

The paper describes basic approach to building a general purpose MISO-FITA (multiple inputs single output rule based system) fuzzy logic inference system. The system is based on STM32F4Discovery board with the ARM Cortex-M4 STM32F407VG microcontroller. The fuzzy engine of the system is based on simplified Mamdani’s fuzzy inference model. The performance of the fuzzy inference system, defined as a time to obtain an output crisp inference result, is comparable to hardware solutions. For proposed system it even takes 10 s.