Stiff Hyperbolic Balance Laws Research Articles

Spatially Adaptive Projective Integration Schemes For Stiff Hyperbolic Balance Laws With Spectral Gaps

Stiff hyperbolic balance laws exhibit large spectral gaps, especially if the relaxation term significantly varies in space. Using examples from rarefied gases and the general form of the underlying balance law model, we perform a detailed spectral analysis of the semi-discrete model that reveals the spectral gaps. Based on that, we show the inefficiency of standard time integration schemes expressed by a severe restriction of the CFL number. We then develop the first spatially adaptive projective integration schemes to overcome the prohibitive time step constraints of standard time integration schemes. The new schemes use different time integration methods in different parts of the computational domain, determined by the spatially varying value of the relaxation time. We use our analytical results to derive accurate stability bounds for the involved parameters and show that the severe time step constraint can be overcome. The new adaptive schemes show good accuracy in a numerical test case and can obtain a large speedup with respect to standard schemes.

Junction-Generalized Riemann Problem for stiff hyperbolic balance laws in networks: An implicit solver and ADER schemes

In this paper we design a new implicit solver for the Junction-Generalized Riemann Problem (J-GRP), which is based on a recently proposed implicit method for solving the Generalized Riemann Problem (GRP) for systems of hyperbolic balance laws. We use the new J-GRP solver to construct an ADER scheme that is globally explicit, locally implicit and with no theoretical accuracy barrier, in both space and time. The resulting ADER scheme is able to deal with stiff source terms and can be applied to non-linear systems of hyperbolic balance laws in domains consisting on networks of one-dimensional sub-domains. In this paper we specifically apply the numerical techniques to networks of blood vessels. We report on a test problem with exact solution for a simplified network of three vessels meeting at a single junction, which is then used to carry out a systematic convergence rate study of the proposed high-order numerical methods. Schemes up to fifth order of accuracy in space and time are implemented and tested. We then show the ability of the ADER scheme to deal with stiff sources through a numerical simulation in a network of vessels. An application to a physical test problem consisting of a network of 37 compliant silicon tubes (arteries) and 21 junctions, reveals that it is imperative to use high-order methods at junctions, in order to preserve the desired high order of accuracy in the full computational domain. For example, it is demonstrated that a second-order method throughout, gives comparable results to a method that is fourth order in the interior of the domain and first order at junctions. We are concerned with stiff hyperbolic balance laws in networks.An implicit solver for the junction-generalized Riemann problem is proposed.ADER schemes of arbitrary accuracy in space and time for networks are constructed.Convergence rates studies of schemes up to fifth order are carried out.It is necessary to match the accuracy at junctions to that of the rest of the domain.

Cell centered direct Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian ADER-WENO finite volume schemes for nonlinear hyperelasticity

This paper is concerned with the numerical solution of the unified first order hyperbolic formulation of continuum mechanics proposed by Peshkov & Romenski [Peshkov I, Romenski E. A hyperbolic model for viscous Newtonian flows. Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics 2016;28:85–104.], which is based on the theory of nonlinear hyperelasticity of Godunov & Romenski [67][Godunov S, Romenski E. Nonstationary equations of the nonlinear theory of elasticity in Euler coordinates. Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 1972;13:868–885.][Godunov S., Romenski E., Elements of Continuum Mechanics and Conservation Laws. Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers; 2003.], further denoted by GPR model. Notably, the governing PDE system is symmetric hyperbolic and fully consistent with the first and the second principle of thermodynamics. The nonlinear system of governing equations of the GPR model is overdetermined, large and includes stiff source terms as well as non-conservative products. In this paper we solve this model for the first time on moving unstructured meshes in multiple space dimensions by employing high order accurate one-step ADER-WENO finite volume schemes in the context of cell-centered direct Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) algorithms.The numerical method is based on a WENO polynomial reconstruction operator on moving unstructured meshes, a fully-discrete one-step ADER scheme that is able to deal with stiff sources [Dumbser M., Enaux C., Toro E., Finite volume schemes of very high order of accuracy for stiff hyperbolic balance laws. Journal of Computational Physics . 2008a;227:3971–4001.], a nodal solver with relaxation to determine the mesh motion, and a path-conservative technique of Castro & Parés for the treatment of non-conservative products [Parés C., Numerical methods for nonconservative hyperbolic systems: a theoretical framework. SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis. 2006;44:300–321.][Castro M, Gallardo J, Parés C. High-order finite volume schemes based on reconstruction of states for solving hyperbolic systems with nonconservative products. applications to shallow-water systems. Mathematics of Computation 2006;75:1103–1134.]. We present numerical results obtained by solving the GPR model with ADER-WENO-ALE schemes in the stiff relaxation limit, showing that fluids (Euler or Navier-Stokes limit), as well as purely elastic or elasto-plastic solids can be simulated in the framework of nonlinear hyperelasticity with the same system of governing PDE. The obtained results are in good agreement when compared to exact or numerical reference solutions available in the literature.

Implicit, semi-analytical solution of the generalized Riemann problem for stiff hyperbolic balance laws

We present a semi-analytical, implicit solution to the generalized Riemann problem (GRP) for non-linear systems of hyperbolic balance laws with stiff source terms. The solution method is based on an implicit, time Taylor series expansion and the Cauchy–Kowalewskaya procedure, along with the solution of a sequence of classical Riemann problems. Our new GRP solver is then used to construct locally implicit ADER methods of arbitrary accuracy in space and time for solving the general initial–boundary value problem for non-linear systems of hyperbolic balance laws with stiff source terms. Analysis of the method for model problems is carried out and empirical convergence rate studies for suitable tests problems are performed, confirming the theoretically expected high order of accuracy.

On Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian One-Step WENO Schemes for Stiff Hyperbolic Balance Laws

AbstractIn this article we present a new family of high order accurate Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian one-step WENO finite volume schemes for the solution of stiff hyperbolic balance laws. High order accuracy in space is obtained with a standard WENO reconstruction algorithm and high order in time is obtained using the local space-time discontinuous Galerkin method recently proposed in [20]. In the Lagrangian framework considered here, the local space-time DG predictor is based on a weak formulation of the governing PDE on a moving space-time element. For the space-time basis and test functions we use Lagrange interpolation polynomials defined by tensor-product Gauss-Legendre quadrature points. The moving space-time elements are mapped to a reference element using an isoparametric approach, i.e. the space-time mapping is defined by the same basis functions as the weak solution of the PDE. We show some computational examples in one space-dimension for non-stiff and for stiff balance laws, in particular for the Euler equations of compressible gas dynamics, for the resistive relativistic MHD equations, and for the relativistic radiation hydrodynamics equations. Numerical convergence results are presented for the stiff case up to sixth order of accuracy in space and time and for the non-stiff case up to eighth order of accuracy in space and time.

ADER Schemes for Nonlinear Systems of Stiff Advection–Diffusion–Reaction Equations

In this article we extend the high order ADER finite volume schemes introduced for stiff hyperbolic balance laws by Dumbser, Enaux and Toro (J. Comput. Phys. 227:3971---4001, 2008) to nonlinear systems of advection---diffusion---reaction equations with stiff algebraic source terms. We derive a new efficient formulation of the local space-time discontinuous Galerkin predictor using a nodal approach whose interpolation points are tensor-products of Gauss---Legendre quadrature points. Furthermore, we propose a new simple and efficient strategy to compute the initial guess of the locally implicit space-time DG scheme: the Gauss---Legendre points are initialized sequentially in time by a second order accurate MUSCL-type approach for the flux term combined with a Crank---Nicholson method for the stiff source terms. We provide numerical evidence that when starting with this initial guess, the final iterative scheme for the solution of the nonlinear algebraic equations of the local space-time DG predictor method becomes more efficient. We apply our new numerical method to some systems of advection---diffusion---reaction equations with particular emphasis on the asymptotic preserving property for linear model systems and the compressible Navier---Stokes equations with chemical reactions.

ADER schemes on unstructured meshes for nonconservative hyperbolic systems: Applications to geophysical flows

We develop a new family of well-balanced path-conservative quadrature-free one-step ADER finite volume and discontinuous Galerkin finite element schemes on unstructured meshes for the solution of hyperbolic partial differential equations with non-conservative products and stiff source terms. The fully discrete formulation is derived using the recently developed framework of explicit one-step P N P M schemes of arbitrary high order of accuracy in space and time for conservative hyperbolic systems [Dumbser M, Balsara D, Toro EF, Munz CD. A unified framework for the construction of one-step finite-volume and discontinuous Galerkin schemes. J Comput Phys 2008;227:8209–53]. The two key ingredients of our high order approach are: first, the high order accurate P N P M reconstruction operator on unstructured meshes, using the WENO strategy presented in [Dumbser M, Käser M, Titarev VA Toro EF. Quadrature-free non-oscillatory finite volume schemes on unstructured meshes for nonlinear hyperbolic systems. J Comput Phys 2007;226:204–43] to ensure monotonicity at discontinuities, and second, a local space–time Galerkin scheme to predict the evolution of the reconstructed polynomial data inside each element during one time step to obtain a high order accurate one-step time discretization. This approach is also able to deal with stiff source terms as shown in [Dumbser M, Enaux C, Toro EF. Finite volume schemes of very high order of accuracy for stiff hyperbolic balance laws. J Comput Phys 2008;227:3971–4001]. These two key ingredients are combined with the recently developed path-conservative methods of Parés [Parés C. Numerical methods for nonconservative hyperbolic systems: a theoretical framework. SIAM J Numer Anal 2006;44:300–21] and Castro et al. [Castro MJ, Gallardo JM, Parés C. High-order finite volume schemes based on reconstruction of states for solving hyperbolic systems with nonconservative products. Applications to shallow-water systems. Math Comput 2006;75:1103–34] to treat the non-conservative products properly. We show applications of our method to the two-layer shallow water equations as well as applications to the recently published depth-averaged two-fluid flow model of Pitman and Le [Pitman EB, Le L. A two-fluid model for avalanche and debris flows. Philos Trans Roy Soc A 2005;363:1573–601].

Finite volume schemes of very high order of accuracy for stiff hyperbolic balance laws

In this article, we propose a new class of finite volume schemes of arbitrary accuracy in space and time for systems of hyperbolic balance laws with stiff source terms. The new class of schemes is based on a three stage procedure. First a high-order WENO reconstruction procedure is applied to the cell averages at the current time level. Second, the temporal evolution of the reconstruction polynomials is computed locally inside each cell using the governing equations. In the original ENO scheme of Harten et al. and in the ADER schemes of Titarev and Toro, this time evolution is achieved via a Taylor series expansion where the time derivatives are computed by repeated differentiation of the governing PDE with respect to space and time, i.e. by applying the so-called Cauchy–Kovalewski procedure. However, this approach is not able to handle stiff source terms. Therefore, we present a new strategy that only replaces the Cauchy–Kovalewski procedure compared to the previously mentioned schemes. For the time-evolution part of the algorithm, we introduce a local space–time discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element scheme that is able to handle also stiff source terms. This step is the only part of the algorithm which is locally implicit. The third and last step of the proposed ADER finite volume schemes consists of the standard explicit space–time integration over each control volume, using the local space–time DG solutions at the Gaussian integration points for the intercell fluxes and for the space–time integral over the source term. We will show numerical convergence studies for nonlinear systems in one space dimension with both non-stiff and with very stiff source terms up to sixth order of accuracy in space and time. The application of the new method to a large set of different test cases is shown, in particular the stiff scalar model problem of LeVeque and Yee [R.J. LeVeque, H.C. Yee, A study of numerical methods for hyperbolic conservation laws with stiff source terms, Journal of Computational Physics 86 (1) (1990) 187–210], the relaxation system of Jin and Xin [S. Jin, Z. Xin, The relaxation schemes for systems of conservation laws in arbitrary space dimensions, Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 48 (1995) 235–277] and the full compressible Euler equations with stiff friction source terms.