Sticky Feeling Research Articles

Clinical Evaluation of the Safety and Tolerability of Film-Forming Sprays in Patients With Psoriasis and Eczema.

Background Treating dermatological pathologies under occlusion therapy is a popular adjunct, especially in thickened, lichenified areas of psoriasis where sustained contact with topical corticosteroids plays a pivotal role. Film-forming spray (FFS) can be a novel, alternate approach along with topical treatment in this area for carefully selected cases. This study aimed to evaluate the safety profile and physical characteristics of a novel formulation of an FFS in patients with psoriasis and eczema. Methods This open-label, multicentre, comparative study included subjects diagnosed with chronic plaque psoriasis requiring topical corticosteroid therapy or those with eczema necessitating its application and occlusion therapy. The study product was applied to two groups of subjects. For patients in group 1, the FFS was applied to the skin area affected by the dermatological condition, which was covered with ointment only. In the second group, the FFS was applied to the corresponding unaffected skin area. The FFS was applied for 60-90 seconds and was observed for two hours after the application. The subjects were evaluated for primary outcomes, including safety assessment, overall physical characteristics, and appearance of FFS from local skin effects. The secondary outcomes included physical appearance characteristics and overall patient satisfaction following the application of FFS at the target sites. Further statistical assessments were conducted using the SAS software version 9.4 (2023; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, United States). Result A total of 100 subjects were included in the study across 10 outpatient centers, of which 79% had psoriatic plaques and 21% had eczematous lesions. Primary outcomes showed a lack of appearance of clinical symptoms such as dryness, flakiness, or irritation. A total of 10% of subjects in group 1 had erythema, and 6% had a tingling sensation, which was transient and mild. The secondary outcomes showed that only 12% of subjects in Group 1 and 6% of subjects in Group 2 showed a feeling of stickiness at the application site. In group 1, 8% reported a cooling sensation, which disappeared in one and two minutes, and none experienced a cooling sensation in Group 2. The average drying time for FFS in subjects with dermatological conditions was 5.19 minutes compared to 1.51 minutes on unaffected skin. The film washability results indicated that 96% of subjects in group 1 reported complete removal in less than two minutes. At the end of the study period, the mean satisfaction scorewas8.99. No significant adverse events were reported in the patients. Conclusion This study highlights the potential application of a novel formulation of FFS as a safe and well-tolerated option for enhancing uniform skin coverage with the topical corticosteroid in patients affected with psoriasis and eczema.

Common Drugs Causing Xerostomia

Saliva is need for maintaining a healthy mouth environment and general health.Many factors can affect the volume and compositions of saliva. Xerostoma which refers to a subjective sensation of dry mouth, is derived from the Greek words "xeros" (ξηρός), which means "dry," and "stoma" (στόμα), which means "mouth." Reduced salivary flow and altered salivary gland composition and function are the outcomes of xerostomia.Symptoms of xerstomia include dryness or a feeling of stickiness in your mouth. Saliva that seems thick and stringy, bad breath and having hard time chewing, speaking and swallowing. There are many different causes of xerostomia, which include medicine, aging, cancer therapy, nerve damage and tabaco and alcohol use. The most common drugs causing xerstomia anticholinergic drugs, antidepressant drugs, diuretics, calcium channel blocker and beta-blockers. Different mechanism of causing xerostomia cytotoxic drugs by direct damage to salivary gland, antidepressant drugs by their anticholinergic side effects, and diuretic by excreting more fluid and electrolytes.

A high-toughness, tailorable, wearable multifunctional sensor based on multisynergistic fabric-hydrogel constructed via dual-function boric acid bridge

Flexible wearable electronic devices have attracted immense interest in human rehabilitation and motion detection to their intrinsic characteristics. However, with the sticky feeling and low strength of universal hydrogels, the flexible sensor made it difficult to satisfy the requirements of comfort for the human body. Here is a novel alcohol polyvinyl-boric acid-polyaniline (PVA-BA-PANI/PBA) fabric-hydrogel multi-functional sensor inspired by the microstructure of natural tendon based on cotton fabric fibers as muscle fibers and PVA hydrogel as extracellular matrix. The dual-function “bridge” molecule BA played the role of hydrogel cross-linker and provided a stable protonated environment for PANI. The three-dimensional pore structure of hydrogels was modulated by adjusting the polymerization time and boric acid concentration. The tailorable fabric-hydrogel composite PBA showed excellent electrical conductivity (0.52 S/m), good mechanical properties (tensile strength of 6.42 MPa and toughness of 6.16 MJ m−3), high-temperature resistance coefficient (TCR of −1588.011 and −4.252% °C−1 in the temperature range of −20 − 0 °C and 0 − 50 °C, respectively) and repeatable stability. Synchronously, the resultant PBA sensors revealed superb thermosensitive performances for real-time and continuous temperature monitoring requirements, providing a promising route to develop wearable artificial intelligence in human rehabilitation and motion detection.

Evaluation of AYUSH PE Eye drops in the management of acute allergic conjunctivitis

Abstract Introduction: Ocular allergy is one of the most common prevalent clinical conditions in the world with a rapid increase in the past few years. It has a multifactorial etiology and is a conjunctival inflammatory response due to immunoglobulin E-mediated mast cell activation. The disease is characterized by itching, redness, burning sensation, and watering of eyes which go off and on. Abhishyanda, a disease having similar characteristics, is described in Ayurveda, for which extensive treatment modalities are available in the classical texts. Hence, a safe, and cost-effective potent Ayurveda drug, AYUSH PE Eye drops was developed after undergoing all quality assurance tests. Materials and methods: A multicenter open-labeled single-group prospective study was conducted at four research institutes of the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS), Ministry of AYUSH, from May 2019 to December 2019. A total of 221 participants who had signs and symptoms of acute manifestation of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) were enrolled based on purposive sampling at four study sites. The participants were evaluated based on the signs and symptoms of AC using the visual analog scale score (0–100). Two drops of the drug AYUSH PE Eye drops were instilled to the affected eyes six times a day and the patients were reviewed after 1 week. The medicine was then stopped and a second follow-up was done again after 1 more week. Results: A total of 217 participants were analyzed for the outcomes. Statistically significant changes were observed in all the assessment parameters, namely itching, redness of eyes, watery discharge, lid swelling, foreign body sensation, liking for warm touches, heaviness in eyes, feeling of stickiness in eyes, the appearance of allergic hue in eyes, feeling of excessive cold in eyes, and slimy secretions from eyes at 7th day (P < 0.001) and at 14th day (P < 0.001) as compared to baseline. Conclusion: AYUSH PE Eye drops are safe and effective in the management of acute AC.

Observation of therapeutic effect on coronavirus disease 2019 with insomnia in treatment with baduanjin and auricular point sticking therapy

To compare the clinical therapeutic effect on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with insomnia between the combined treatment of baduanjin and auricular point sticking therapy and the medication with oral estazolam on the base of the conventional treatment. A total of 90 patients with COVID-19 accompanied with insomnia were randomly divided into an observation group (45 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a control group (45 cases). In the observation group, baduanjin, a traditional Chinese fitness activity, was practiced everyday. Besides, auricular point sticking therapy was exerted at ear-shenmen (TF 4), subcortex (AT 4), heart (CO 15), occiput (AT 3), etc. These auricular points were pressed and kneaded three times a day, 30 s at each point each time, consecutively for 12 days. In the control group, estazolam tablets were prescribed for oral administration, 1 mg, once daily, consecutively for 12 days. Before and after treatment, the score of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the score of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), the score of self-rating depression scale (SDS) and the score of symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were observed in the two groups and the clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated. After treatment, the scores of every item and the total scores in PSQI were all reduced as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.01). The scores of sleep time and sleep efficiency in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after treatment (P<0.05). SAS scores and SDS scores in the observation group and SAS score in the control group after treatment were all reduced as compared with those before treatment (P<0.01), and SDS score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, in the observation group, the score of each of the symptoms of TCM, i.e. unsound sleep, irritability and hot temper, profuse sputum and sticky feeling in the mouth, bitter taste in the mouth and foul breath, abdominal distention and poor appetite, as well as lassitude was reduced as compared with that before treatment successively (P<0.01), and the scores aforementioned (excepted for the unsound sleep) in the observation group were all lower than the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rates were 83.3% (35/42) in the observation group and 84.4% (38/45) in the control group, without statistical difference in comparison (P>0.05). The combined treatment of baduanjin and auricular point sticking therapy improves sleep quality, the conditions of anxiety and depression and the symptoms in TCM for patients of COVID-19 with insomnia. The therapeutic effect of this combined treatment is better than the oral administration of estazolam.

Characteristics of Oil in Water (o/w) Type Lotions Incorporated with Kappa/Iota Carrageenan

Increasing public demand for cosmetics, especially those derived from natural materials, has provided seaweed opportunities as raw material for cosmetics. Kappa and iota carrageenans produced from red seaweed (Rhodophyceae) be used as a thickener and stabilizer in lotion formulations. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of lotion oil/water (o/w) type using kappa and iota carrageenan in the formulations. The research started with the optimization of lotion formulas. Four formulas obtained were 0% carrageenan (without carrageenan), 0.2% of kappa-carrageenan, 0.2% of iota-carrageenan, and a mixture of 0.2% kappa-carrageenan and 0.1% iota-carrageenan (2:1). Parameters observed were the organoleptic test, pH, viscosity, spreadability, microbial contamination, and a hedonic test. The results showed that kappa and iota carrageenan could be used to formulate lotion o/w type with a concentration of ⩽0.2%. The best formulation that meets the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) based on physical evaluation and hedonic test (parameters of moisture and sticky feeling) was the lotion formula with 0.2% of iota carrageenan.

Assessment of Stickiness with Pressure Distribution Sensor Using Offset Magnetic Force.

The quantification of stickiness experienced upon touching a sticky or adhesive substance has attracted intense research attention, particularly for application to haptics, virtual reality, and human–computer interactions. Here, we develop and evaluate a device that quantifies the feeling of stickiness experienced upon touching an adhesive substance. Keeping in mind that a typical pressure distribution sensor can only measure a pressing force, but not a tensile force, in our setup, we apply an offset pressure to a pressure distribution sensor and measure the tensile force generated by an adhesive substance as the difference from the offset pressure. We propose a method of using a magnetic force to generate the offset pressure and develop a measuring device using a magnet that attracts magnetic pin arrays and pin magnets; the feasibility of the method is verified with a first prototype. We develop a second prototype that overcomes the noise problems of the first, arising from the misalignment of the pins owing to the bending of the magnetic force lines at the sensor edges. We also obtain measurement results for actual samples and standard viscosity liquids. Our findings indicate the feasibility of our setup as a suitable device for measuring stickiness.

The Science and Art of Managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with New Medicines.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an age-old and common disease. Around 5th century BC, it has been described by the Indian Surgeon, Sushruta. In his work Samhita, Sushrutaidentified diabetes as madhumeha (honey-like urine) and pointed out to the sweet taste of the urine, its sticky feeling to the touch and its ability to attract the ants. Sushruta further identified that diabetes affects primarily the rich people and is related to the excessive food consumption.Yet, even today, we do not understand it well. The Global Report on Diabetes released by World Health Organization.

천년초 저온 감압 추출액의 특성 분석 및 화장품 적용

Various characteristics of Opuntia humifusa (O. humifusa) extract solution obtained under low temperature and reduced pressure were examined and cosmetic essences using the extract solution as a humectant were prepared. The O. humifusa extract solution represented very small surface tension (25 mN/m) and contact angle (8 °), compared with other humectants such as glycerine and 1% hyaluronic acid solution. Also, the viscosity and stickiness of the extract solution were very low. The O. humifusa extract solution made it possible for a small amount of oil to be dispersed stably in water without any surfactant. Unlike other humectants, the viscosity and stickiness of cosmetic essences were reduced as the extract solution content in formulation increased. These results show that the O. humifusa extract solution obtained under low temperature and reduced pressure can be used as a natural humectant that provides moisturizing property and less sticky feeling.

Impact of protein content on processing and texture properties of waxy rice flour and glutinous dumpling

This study investigated the effect of protein content on the physicochemical and rheological properties of waxy rice flour and textural properties of glutinous dumplings. Mechanical removal of protein content significantly influenced the color parameters and slurry transparency of waxy rice flour, thereby resulting in a brighter and less yellow color with decreased protein content. Swelling power and solubility increased as a result of decreased thiol groups, and weakened starch-protein network interactions, thereby resulting in increasing cooking solid losses and decreasing height to diameter ratios of cooked glutinous dumplings. The pasting properties revealed that the viscosities of the peak, trough, final, and after breakdown values increased with decreasing protein content. Mechanical property determinations using dynamic rheometer and texture analyzers indicated a less elastic gel-like network structure with decreased protein content of waxy rice flour and glutinous dumplings. This study indicated that partial removal of protein from waxy rice flour may lead to potential energy savings and could be helpful in food processes. Among varieties ranked for personal preference by tasters, glutinous dumplings with 3% protein content were the most preferred, with a white and glossy appearance, a less chewy texture, and a sticky feeling in the mouth.

Instrumental Evaluation of Stickiness of Textiles Under Wet Skin Surface

People sweat due to metabolism, exercise, or being in hot environment. The presence of moisture within textile-skin interface will increase the adhesion of water to textile causing sensorial discomfort. Pressure and friction in combination with moisture can lead to skin irritations, abrasions, or even skin contact injuries. This paper describes the design and construction of textile stickiness measurement system which can measure the stickiness of textiles under wet skin surface. Synthetic leather was used to simulate the skin layer while predetermined amount of water was sprayed evenly on it. One edge of the testing sample was mounted on the sample holder while the remaining portion was laid flat. Testing sample connecting to the force gauge was moved across the wet simulated skin surface at a constant speed and the drag force against the dragging distance was measured. The uniqueness of this instrument is that the degree of skin wetness is adjustable and water supplied to the sample increases gradually with dragging distance, simulating from mild to profuse sweating condition. Besides, the way to mount the sample is novel (mounting only one edge of the sample and without external pressure applied) and this is closer to the actual wearing condition. Also, various fabrics can be tested with high accuracy and repeatability. Attempts have been made to correlate the measured stickiness property with the perceived feeling of stickiness and a relatively high correlation was found. This instrument is useful for product selection, especially, for sportswear, hygiene products, or medical textiles.

Standard manufacturing process of Lekhana Putapaka

Putapaka is one of the best local and effective applications for the treatment of eye disorders. Putapaka when used properly then it will treat burning sensation, inflammation, pain, feeling of friction, discharges, itching sensation, stickiness, muddy secretions and congestion of blood vessels. In classics there are three types of Putapaka are described Snehana Putapaka, Lekhana Putapaka and Ropana Putapaka. Lekhana Putapaka is prepared mainly with the help of Lekhana Dravyas. It is used for scrapping of the Doshas. Lekhana Putapaka is composed of the liver and flesh of wild animals with the drugs of Lekhana group and Lauha Bhasma, Tamra Bhasma, Shankha Bhasma, Saindhava, Samudrafena, Kasisa, Srotanjana and Dadhi Mastu. In this study, the ingredients for Lekhana Putapaka has been taken as per the reference of Sushruta Samhita but prepared by some modification (in pressure cooker). The yield of three batches of Putapaka was 85ml, 90ml and 100 ml respectively. The physico-chemical parameters like pH, specific gravity and solid content and phytochemical parameters like glycocides, saponin, tannin, steroids, amino acids, proteins etc has been carried out.

A Two-Week, Randomized, Double-masked Study to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of Lubricin (150 μg/mL) Eye Drops Versus Sodium Hyaluronate (HA) 0.18% Eye Drops (Vismed®) in Patients with Moderate Dry Eye Disease

PurposeThe objective of this clinical trial (NCT02507934) was to assess the efficacy and safety of recombinant human lubricin as compared to a 0.18% sodium hyaluronate (HA) eye drop in subjects with moderate dry eye disease (DED). MethodsDEWS Grade 2-3 subjects were randomized to use lubricin (N=19, 51.9 ± 11.8 years) or HA (N=20, 61.8 ± 13.3 years). After a saline washout period, subjects administered BID therapy for 7 days, followed by instillation as needed (2–6 drops per eye) for 7 days. Visual analog scale (VAS) including foreign body sensation, burning/stinging, itching, pain, sticky feeling, blurred vision and photophobia were primary outcomes, with secondary endpoints of corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer test, tear film breakup time (TFBUT), eyelid and conjunctival erythema and number of instillations compared at day 14. ResultsThe primary endpoint was met. Lubricin supplementation achieved greater than a 72% reduction from baseline in foreign body sensation (P<.013), burning/stinging, pain, sticky feeling (P<.0432), blurred vision (P<.0013), and photophobia (P<.011) in at least one eye. Lubricin also showed significant improvement in fluorescein staining (OD/OS: 43.8%/50.0%, vs. 26.5%/23.3%, P<.0398, P<.0232), TFBUT (P<.010), SANDE frequency (P<.0435), eyelid erythema (P<.004), conjunctival erythema (P<.0013), and instillations (P<.04) as compared to HA. No treatment-related adverse events occurred during the investigation. ConclusionsRecombinant human lubricin was shown to produce significant improvement in both signs and symptoms of dry eye disease as compared to HA.

Managing Dry Mouth that Occurs during Sleep

Up to 40 percent of the general population is estimated to experience xerostomia or dry mouth with aging [1]. Dry mouth can be caused by conditions such as diabetes and autoimmune disease, prescription and non-prescription drugs and other medical problems such as allergy. Chewing tobacco, mouth breathing or using CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) for apnea also causes oral dryness. Night time oral dryness can be associated with burning or tingling; sore throat; tongue, gum, and denture ridge soreness; taste dysfunction; speech problems; a sticky feeling in the mouth; and difficulty swallowing [2]. Oral dryness has also been associated with an increased incidence of oral ulceration, infection (candidiasis), tooth decay, periodontal disease, and lip cracking [3]. Some people also experience halitosis, insomnia, irritability, depression, and speech and eating disorders in association with dry mouth [4]. The condition is not inconsequential and impacts quality of life.

무균포장죽의 묘사적 특성과 소비자 기호 유발 인자 결정

본 연구를 통해서 총 16개의 최종적인 무균포장죽의 묘사특성-향(구수한, 묵은밥, 수돗물, 누룽지 사탕), 맛(단맛, 쓴맛), 풍미(쌀밥, 묵은밥, 금속성, 누룽지 사탕), 조직감(끈적임, 쌀알 퍼짐, 쌀알 거친 정도, 가루끼, 텁텁함), 외관(죽의 묽고 된 정도)-이 도출되었다. 차후의 쌀죽 관련 관능 및 제품 개발 연구에서 이러한 묘사 특성, 정의 및 평가 방법이 적용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. SW62 품종의 독특한 특성은 누룽지 사탕 향/풍미가 품종의 독특한 특성이라 나타났다. 구수한 향/풍미와 단맛을 전달할 가능성이 높은 품종 분석되었으며, 쌀 스낵 가공에 적합할 것으로 보인다. 소비자 조사결과 품종간의 통계적인 유의차는 밝혀지지 않았으나 SW52와 SR의 기호도가 전반적으로 높으며, 주성분 분석에서도 소비자 기호도 경향성의 방향을 보여주고 있다. 또한 군집분석을 통해서 죽을 좋아하는 그룹에서 가장 높은 기호도를 보여주어서, 무균포장죽 가공에는 SW52와 SR이 적합하다고 사료된다. SW63의 경우 기호도 평가에서 낮은 평가를 받았으며 주성분 분석을 통해서도 뚜렷한 소비자 선호도 경향성을 보여주지 못하여, 무균포장죽 가공에는 적합하지 않은 품종으로 보인다. 밥의 소비자 기호도 영향인자 도출 결과와 마찬가지로 흰쌀죽에서도 소비자 기호도에 주된 영향을 미치는 묘사 특성은 무균포장죽의 부정적인 요소와 관련이 있었다. 초콜릿 음료수 같은 기호 식품이 아닌 늘 소비하는 주식의 개념을 가진 식품에서는 부정적인 요소를 제거하는 것이 중요한 것으로 보인다. Liking factor(묵은밥 향/풍미, 밥알 뭉개짐)를 강화하는 방향보다는 제품이 가지고 있는 disliking factor(쓴맛, 밥알 표면 거친 정도, 끈적임, 금속성 풍미, 구수한 향, 점도)를 제거 또는 최소화하는 품종의 선택이 무균포장죽의 연구개발 방향이라 사료된다.

Factor Analysis of the Eight Kinds of Hot Wet Feeling in Subjective Comfort

This paper chooses 7 kinds of fabrics and made stretch tight pants on the subjective comfort experiment. Gotten the sports time 0, 15, 30 minutes, 30 minutes of subjective feeling, the results showed that at the static, the feeling of stretch tight pants is mainly static comprehensive intimacy and touch feeling in the sensory threshold region. At Sports time to 15 minutes, subjective feeling of stretch tight pants is mainly weight feeling and sticky feeling in the sensory threshold region. At Sports time to 30 minutes, subjective feeling of stretch tight pants is mainly burns feeling, weight feeling and sticky feeling in the sensory threshold region.

Estrogen formulations and beauty care practices in Japanese women

PurposeTraditionally, oral estrogens have been used for hormone replacement therapy. However, in Japan, additional estrogen formulations have been used, including transdermal patches and transdermal gels. The latter have a unique commonality with cosmetics because both of them are applied to the skin. Beauty care is one of the most important lifestyle factors for women, and it has been reported that the amount of attention paid to beauty care has an effect in determining whether or not women will choose to undergo HRT during menopause. Therefore, our study focused on estrogen formulations and beauty care practices.Patients and methodsFifty women who use hormone replacement therapy were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Tohoku University Hospital. They were treated with oral conjugated estrogen (n = 11), transdermal 17β-estradiol patch (n = 11), and transdermal 17β-estradiol gel (n = 28). They completed a questionnaire to assess their lifestyle (beauty care practices and exercise habits) and their compliance. The transdermal gel users were further interviewed about their subjective impressions regarding “smell”, “sticky feeling”, “spreadability”, and “irritation” on the skin using a five-grade scale.ResultsThere were no differences in the usability of medicines and patient compliance among the estrogen formulations. We observed a positive tendency between the level of beauty care and transdermal gel use (P = 0.0645, ordinary logistic regression analysis). The gel users placed top priority on a lack of “sticky feeling” but the subjective impression regarding “sticky feeling” was worst among the four factors (P < 0.01, Steel–Dwass test). Correspondence analysis showed that the subjective impressions of transdermal gel corresponding to usability in the range of “moderate” to “very good” and “sticky feeling” greatly affected the usability of the formulation.ConclusionThese results suggest that the level of attention to beauty care plays some role in the choice of estrogen formulations.

Novel Attempt for Quantitative Sensory Evaluation of Cosmetics using the Nutting Parameters

*** *** Texture of the cosmetic products is an important factor for the consumer satisfaction. It is considered that the texture is originated from various physical properties. However, since the phenomena are very complicated, to appropriate quantification is difficult. Our attempt is to quantify the texture of the initial touch of the cosmetics by studying the rheological properties. Flow properties of cosmetic lotions, containing various kinds of aqueous thickeners, were studied by creep measurement, and parameters a, b, and j, were calculated from their rheological data based on the Nutting equation, which is an empirical equation. As another approach, sensory evaluation test of the cosmetic samples was carried out by human panels. There were some correlations among the time dependency parameter a and some sensory evaluation points, assessed by human panels. Simple linear regression analysis revealed that the evaluation scores of slimy feeling, sticky feeling, refresh feeling, and penetrating feeling of the cosmetic lotions were converted to numerical data by the parameter a. This quantification method for the texture of cosmetic products will be a useful tool for efficient development of cosmetic formulations. It is possible to estimate the texture of the products by studying the rheological value a.

Development of Novel Multifunctional Cosmetic Raw Materials and Their Applications. I. Characterization of a Random Copolymer of Polyoxyethylene / Polyoxypropylene Dimethyl Ether.DAGGER.

In this study, we developed novel multifunctional raw materials, polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene dimethyl ether (EPDME). EPDME is a random copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The structure of the obtained EPDME was confirmed by Infrared (IR) absorption and NMR spectra. EPDME, which dissolves in water and oil. The compound has the following effects: [1] a high moisture-retaining effect without sticky feeling, [2] a preventing effect on dry skin, and [3] an improving effect on dry skin by daily application. It was also found that the application of EPDME in combination with glycerol resulted in a synergistic effect on the dry skin. When EPDME was formulated to lipsticks (oily bases), a high moisture-retaining effect was found. EPDME is a useful cosmetic ingredient that can give a good skin care effect in both water-based formula and oil-based formula. As the polarity of EPDME can easily be controlled, it is expected to be applicable for various cosmetics in the near future.

Analysis of “wet” sensation for lingerie fabrics

Describes an investigation into the sensation of wetness and dampness by both subjective and objective measurements. When fabric has a high water content, the subject felt a strong feeling of stickiness. This stickiness was evaluated objectively by measurement of the friction between the wet fabric and artificial skin. The speed of moisture transmission measured by the simulation test is one of the parameters used to evaluate the clammy feeling.