Stevia Rebaudiana Research Articles

Evaluation of stevia leaf (<em>Stevia rebaudiana</em> Bertoni) powder as sugar-substitute in cashew nut fortified cookies

Stevia rebaudiana is an herbal supplement used as a substitute for sugar in food processing. Considering the potentials of stevia as a zero-calorie-natural sweetener, this study aimed to assess the antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic properties of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) leaf powder (SLP) to find its suitability to formulate low-calorie foods. Extracts of SLP obtained with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol were evaluated for DPPH, ABTS+, FRAP and enzyme inhibitory assays. Adopting a standard recipe, five different cookie types were prepared by incorporating varying proportions of SLP and evaluated by a 30 semi-trained panel. The nutritional composition and shelf-life stability were also evaluated. SLP had moisture (8.0 %), ash (13.5 %), crude protein (12.4 %), crude fat (6.9 %), crude fiber (18.3 %), and carbohydrate (40.9 %). Sensory results showed that the cookie formulated with the lowest amount of SLP (T1= 2.0g) had the highest overall acceptability with the highest preference for appearance and smell. The cookie type formulated with the highest amount of SLP (T4= 8.0g) had the highest crude protein (13.50%), crude fiber (21.76%), and lowest carbohydrate contents (40.88%). The keeping quality of the cookies remained acceptable within the storage period. These results suggest that acceptable quality cashew nut fortified cookies could be prepared by replacing sucrose with stevia leaf powder

UNDERSTANDING THE BENEFITS OF STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI FOR DIABETES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complicated metabolic condition defined by long-term elevated blood glucose levels. This chronic hyperglycemia induces metabolic dysfunctions that cause structural and functional disruptions in the vasculature, leading to macrovascular and microvascular complications. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, commonly known as Stevia, is a perennial shrub that contains various bioactive constituents responsible for its sweetness and several other activities. Many studies on Stevia have shown that it possesses various beneficial effects on health, including being zero-calorie, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-tumor. Several studies have found that neither gastric juice nor digestive enzymes decompose stevioside. The presence of bioactive phenolic and flavonoid compounds supports Stevia's medicinal properties and its potential use in both the food/nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. A significant antioxidant capacity of Stevia has been identified recently. It can also help limit essential nutrient supply to tumor cells. Research on Stevia's effects on the human body has largely found no negative side effects. The growing body of evidence underscores Stevia's potential role in managing various health conditions, particularly for diabetic patients, due to its minimal impact on blood sugar levels. However, to fully harness its benefits and meet the increasing global demand, further scientific research is essential to optimize its cultivation, enhance its chemical constituents and ensure its safety. Overall, Stevia stands out as a promising natural sweetener with significant health benefits for diabetic patients. In this review article, we explore different aspects of Stevia and its beneficial effects on diabetic patients.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (PGPR) PADA PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT STEK STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)

Sweetleaf stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is one of the potential sugar-producing plants besides sugar cane which is widely used as a natural non-calorie sweetener. Propagation of stevia by shoot cuttings produces more uniform seedlings. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) contains a group of beneficial bacteria that live in the plant root ecosystem that can stimulate plant growth. This study aims to determine the effect of PGPR on the growth of stevia cuttings and the best concentration of PGPR on the growth of stevia cuttings. This study was conducted in February-May 2024 in Kolongan Atas II Village, Sonder District, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL), with 5 treatment levels, namely P0 = Control (Without PGPR), P1 = PGPR 10 ml/liter of water, P2 = PGPR 20 ml/liter of water, P3 = PGPR 30 ml/liter of water and P4 = PGPR 40 ml/liter of water. Each treatment was repeated 4 times.The results showed that the aplication of PGPR affected the growth of stevia cuttings. The best PGPR concentration for the growth of stevia cuttings was at a PGPR treatment concentration of 20 ml/liter of water. Keywords: plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, stevia

Identification and characterization of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) lines with enhanced steviol glycosides derived from gamma ray-induced in vitro mutagenesis

Identification and characterization of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) lines with enhanced steviol glycosides derived from gamma ray-induced in vitro mutagenesis

Preparation of bimetallic calcium chromatite nanocomposite using Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract for inducing apoptosis in human cancer cell lines

Abstract Despite the widespread industrial use of chromium-based compounds, there are concerns regarding their toxicity in biomedical applications. Herein, bimetallic calcium chromatite nanocomposite (CC) was prepared through green synthesis using Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract. A porous nanorod of CC was obtained through calcinations at 800oC. The formation of CC was confirmed by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), EDAX (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), HRTEM (High-resolution transmission electron microscopy), TGA (Thermal gravimetric analysis), and BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller). The cytotoxicity of the CC was evaluated by the MTT method against cancer lines (HeLa, U87, A549) and primary cell line (HUVEC). The IC50 value of CC against cancer cell lines was lower than the primary cell lines. The calculated specificity index was greater than one, indicating that this CC might target cancer cells without the use of a targeting moiety. Gene expression studies revealed that CC upregulated the proapoptotic gene, BAX and downregulated the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-2, to induce apoptosis. The KDR and VEGF genes responsible for angiogenesis were down-regulated, indicating that CC decreases angiogenesis to promote apoptosis. The findings suggest CC prepared using phytoextract could be considered an adjuvant cancer therapy treatment.

Growth Rate and Nutrient Uptake of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni as Influenced by Organic Manures in Laterite Soils of Kerala, India

A field experiment was conducted to understand the effect of organic manures on the crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), and nutrient uptake of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) from April to August of 2022 and 2023 at the Agronomy farm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Thrissur. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with 7 treatments replicated thrice which consisted of different levels of organic manures viz., three levels of farmyard manure (FYM@ 5, 10, 15 t ha­-1), three levels of vermicompost (VC@ 2.5, 5, 7.5 kg ha-1) and a control. The organic manure treatments significantly affected crop growth rate (CGR) and relative growth rate (RGR) in all the growth periods. The two-year pooled mean of CGR of stevia was significantly superior in FYM@15 t ha-1 over control in all the three growth periods i.e., at 0-30 DAP, 30-45 DAP and 45 DAP to harvest. Whereas, the two-year mean of RGR of stevia was found statistically higher in FYM@15 t ha-1 over control in the first two growth periods only. The organic manure treatments had a significant influence on the plant nutrient (NPK) uptake as well in both the years. The two-year pooled mean data regarding plant uptake of nitrogen and phosphorous was found significantly higher in FYM@15 t ha-1 over control whereas statistically higher pooled mean potassium uptake by stevia was found in VC@7.5 kg ha-1 over control. Overall, the higher levels of organic manure, especially FYM, significantly improve growth and nutrient uptake in stevia.

Comparison between bacterial bio-formulations and gibberellic acid effects on Stevia rebaudiana growth and production of steviol glycosides through regulating their encoding genes

Stevia rebaudiana is associated with the production of calorie-free steviol glycosides (SGs) sweetener, receiving worldwide interest as a sugar substitute for people with metabolic disorders. The aim of this investigation is to show the promising role of endophytic bacterial strains isolated from Stevia rebaudiana Egy1 leaves as a biofertilizer integrated with Azospirillum brasilense ATCC 29,145 and gibberellic acid (GA3) to improve another variety of stevia (S. rebaudiana Shou-2) growth, bioactive compound production, expression of SGs involved genes, and stevioside content. Endophytic bacteria isolated from S. rebaudiana Egy1 leaves were molecularly identified and assessed in vitro for plant growth promoting (PGP) traits. Isolated strains Bacillus licheniformis SrAM2, Bacillus paralicheniformis SrAM3 and Bacillus paramycoides SrAM4 with accession numbers MT066091, MW042693 and MT066092, respectively, induced notable variations in the majority of PGP traits production. B. licheniformis SrAM2 revealed the most phytohormones and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production, while B. paralicheniformis SrAM3 was the most in exopolysaccharides (EPS) and ammonia production 290.96 ± 10.08 mg/l and 88.92 ± 2.96 mg/ml, respectively. Treated plants significantly increased in performance, and the dual treatment T7 (B. paramycoides SrAM4 + A. brasilense) exhibited the highest improvement in shoot and root length by 200% and 146.7%, respectively. On the other hand, T11 (Bacillus cereus SrAM1 + B. licheniformis SrAM2 + B. paralicheniformis SrAM3 + B. paramycoides SrAM4 + A. brasilense + GA3) showed the most elevation in number of leaves, total soluble sugars (TSS), and up-regulation in the expression of the four genes ent-KO, UGT85C2, UGT74G1 and UGT76G1 at 2.7, 3.3, 3.4 and 3.7, respectively. In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis, stevioside content showed a progressive increase in all tested samples but the maximum was exhibited by dual and co-inoculations at 264.37% and 289.05%, respectively. It has been concluded that the PGP endophytes associated with S. rebaudiana leaves improved growth and SGs production, implying the usability of these strains as prospective tools to improve important crop production individually or in consortium.

Methyl jasmonate mitigates biochemical and phytochemical changes in salt stressed Stevia rebaudiana plants

This study explored the effects of salt stress on growth, oxidative stress, and steviol glycoside content in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plants cultivated in soil supplemented with methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Stevia plants were cultivated under normal and salt stress conditions, with and without MeJA supplements of 30 ?M, 60 ?M, and 120 ?M. Samples were harvested after the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 10th, and 15th day of treatment. The levels of chlorophyll (p<0.0001), carotenoids (p<0.0001), and antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (p<0.0001), superoxide dismutase (p<0.0001), APX (p<0.0001), and glutathione reductase (p<0.0001) were observed. The quantification of steviol glycosides, including stevioside (p<0.0001) and rebaudioside-A (p<0.0001), was studied by the most advanced hyphenated technique, LC-MS/MS. The study revealed that the oxidative stress responses were significantly improved in MeJA-treated plants compared to salt-stress control plants. The level of production of phenols (p<0.0001), flavonoids, total sugar, reducing sugar, and steviol glucosides was significantly altered in salt-stress plants. MeJA showed a dose- and time-dependent significant effect on the improvement of these factors over salt stress. In conclusion, MeJA not only improves the growth of plants but also reduces oxidative stress and enhances the level of phytochemicals under saline stress.

Sifat Kimia dan Sensori Teh Celup Cascara Stevia dengan Metode Pengeringan Kulit Kopi dan Persentase Gula Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) yang Berbeda

Cascara is a dry tea made from coffee husk waste. Cascara is prepared in the shape of dip packets to make it easier for customers, and stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is added since consumers like sweet drinks and to promote consumer preference. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the coffee skin drying process and cascara and stevia ratio on the physicochemical and sensory qualities of cascara tea bags. This research used a factorial completely randomized design where the first factor is the drying method, and the second is the percentage of added stevia. The research data obtained is then analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and followed with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) if there are differences between treatments. The drying technique treatment variance influenced pH, total dissolved solids, and color hedonic. The research revealed that the pH of cascara dried in the oven was higher than that of sun drying, while the total soluble solids of sun drying were higher than that of oven drying. The pH and total soluble solids increased as the proportion of stevia added increased. The hedonic test mean result for fragrance was 3.49 (neutral), color was 3.47 (neutral), and taste was 3.13 (neutral). The cascara scent description test had a mean value of 2.74 (neutral), a cascara color description of 2.74 (light), a sweet taste description of 2.81 (neutral), a sour taste description of 2.24 (weak), a bitter taste description of 1.81 (weak), and an astringent taste description of 2.24 (weak). The total phenols value in sun drying with a 20% stevia addition yielded 139 mg GAE/mL

Improving organoleptic and antioxidant properties by inhibition of novel miRstv_7 to target key genes of steviol glycosides biosynthetic pathway in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni.

Stevioside (5-10%) and rebaudioside-A (2-4%) are well-characterized diterpene glycosides found in leaves of Stevia rebaudiana known to have natural sweetening properties with zero glycaemic index. Stevioside has after-taste bitterness, whereas rebaudioside-A is sweet in taste. The ratio of rebaudioside-A to stevioside needs to be changed in order to increase the effectiveness and palatability of this natural sweetener. Plant-specific miRNAs play a significant role in the regulation of metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of economically important secondary metabolites. In this study inhibition of miRNA through antisense technology was employed to antagonize the repressive action of miRstv_7 on its target mRNAs involved in the steviol glycosides (SGs) biosynthesis pathway. In transgenic plants expressing anti-miRstv_7, reduced expression level of endogenous miRstv_7 was observed than the non-transformed plants. As a result, enhanced expression of target genes, viz. KO (Kaurene oxidase), KAH (Kaurenoic acid-13-hydroxylase), and UGT76G1 (UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1) led to a significant increase in the rebaudioside-A to stevioside ratio. Furthermore, metabolome analysis revealed a significant increase in total steviol glycosides content as well as total flavonoids content. Thus, our study can be utilized to generate more palatable varieties of Stevia with improved nutraceutical values including better organoleptic and antioxidant properties.

Biochemical characterization of green zinc nanoparticles fabricated by Stevia rebaudiana aqueous extract and its nephroprotective effects against streptozotocin-induced nephropathy in mice: A histopathological study

The development and creation of novel therapeutic supplements and medications with exceptional efficacy in treating nephropathy is a top priority for both developed and developing nations. The antioxidant, nephroprotective, and cytotoxicity effects of green synthesized zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) containing Stevia rebaudiana aqueous extract were assessed in this study. The combination of Stevia rebaudiana aqueous extract with Zn nitrate solution resulted in the Zn nanoparticles production. The characteristics of Zn nanoparticles were determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray crystallography (XRD), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The synthesized nanoparticles typically ranged in size from 20 to 30 nm. These nanoparticles displayed a crystalline structure and maintained a uniform shape. To induce diabetes, 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally in 50 mice (n = 10). The treatment groups received glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg) and 100 and 200 μg/kg of Zn nanoparticles through gavage for 25 days. Additionally, there was a positive control group for comparison (treated-diabetic). On the final day, serum levels of creatinine, urea, and blood glucose were determined in the samples. Following tissue processing, 5 μm sections of kidneys were stained with periodic acid Schiff (PAS) for subsequent stereological and histopathological analysis. The groups treated with ZnNPs exhibited a notable reduction (p < 0.05) in urea and blood glucose levels (about 190 mg/dL) when compared to the diabetic group (about 500 mg/dL) that did not receive treatment. Furthermore, the treatment with a high dose of ZnNPs resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in kidney weight and volume (including vessels, interstitial tissues, collecting ducts, loop of Henle, and distal and proximal tubules), and kidney structures length (including vessels, collecting ducts, loop of Henle, and distal and proximal tubules) (p > 0.05). Based on the findings, ZnNPs can control urea and blood glucose levels while preventing kidney damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals. This research proposes utilizing zinc nanoparticles synthesized from Stevia rebaudiana as a supplementary treatment for diabetes and kidney protection in developing nations.

Impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles and iron on Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni growth, nutrient uptake, and bioactive compounds under in vitro conditions

Impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles and iron on Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni growth, nutrient uptake, and bioactive compounds under in vitro conditions

Synergistic effects of nitrogen and naphthalene acetic acid on growth, yield and nutritional content of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)

Stevia farming in Bangladesh is increasingly significant due to limitations in cane sugar production and the rise in diabetic cases. This study examined how nitrogen and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) affect Stevia development, production and nutritional content on the experimental farm of the regional station of the Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute, Thakurgaon. Various nitrogen treatments (N1: untreated, N2: 105 kg ha-1, N3: 140 kg ha-1, N4: 175 kg ha-1, N5: 210 kg ha-1) and NAA applications (H1: untreated, H2: 50 mg/L, H3: 100 mg/L, H4: 150 mg/L) were administered employing a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Results showed that N3 and H3 treatments produced the highest yield, averaging 10.06 % more than other doses. Stevia leaf nutrients like nitrogen (3.47 %), potassium (0.19 %) and magnesium (0.15 %) were also influenced by N3H3 treatment. The study suggests that for Stevia cultivation in northern Bangladesh, an optimal nitrogen application rate of 140 kg ha-1 and an NAA concentration of 100 mg/L are recommended.

Histological and Immunohistochemical Study of the Effect of Stevia Rebaudiana Extract on the Cerebral Cortex of High Fat Diet-fed Adult Male Albino Rat

Histological and Immunohistochemical Study of the Effect of Stevia Rebaudiana Extract on the Cerebral Cortex of High Fat Diet-fed Adult Male Albino Rat

High-quality haplotype-resolved chromosome assembly provides evolutionary insights and targeted steviol glycosides (SGs) biosynthesis in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni.

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is popular source of plant-derived low/no-calorie natural sweeteners (LNCSs), collectively known as steviol glycosides (SGs). Nevertheless, genetic predisposition for targeted biosynthesis of SGs is complex due to multi-substrate functionality of key uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Here, we created a high-quality monoploid assembly of 1.34 Gb with N50 value of 110 Mb, 55 551 predicted protein-coding genes, and ~80% repetitive regions in Rebaudioside-A (Reb-A) enriched cultivar of S. rebaudiana. Additionally, a haplotype-based chromosome assembly consisting of haplotype A and haplotype B with an overall genome size of 2.33Gb was resolved, harbouring 639 634 variants including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), indels and structural variants (SVs). Furthermore, a lineage-specific whole genome duplication analysis revealed that gene families encoding UGTs and Cytochrome-P450 (CYPs) were tandemly duplicated. Additionally, expression analysis revealed five tandemly duplicated gene copies of UGT76G1 having significant correlations with Reb-A content, and identified key residue (leu200val) in the glycosylation of Reb-A. Furthermore, missense variations identified in the acceptor region of UGT76G1 in haplotype resolve genome, transcriptional and molecular docking analysis were confirmed with resequencing of 10 diverse stevia genotypes (~25X). Gene regulatory network analysis identified key transcription factors (MYB, bHLH, bZIP and AP2-ERF) as potential regulators of SG biosynthesis. Overall, this study provides haplotype-resolved chromosome-level genome assembly for genome editing and enhancing breeding efforts for targeted biosynthesis of SGs in S. rebaudiana.

STUDY OF STEVIA ECAPSULATION FOR USING IN PROBIOTIC DELIVERY SYSTEMS

At the moment, incoming products, beverages, raw materials on the market must comply with the requirements of State standards and safety requirements. The question of nutritional value is growing every day, based on the fact that the constant use of healthy foods develops the body's resistance to various diseases. Such products are called useful or functional products. An equally urgent task for today's specialists is the development of a functional fermented milk product that contains a pleasant sweet taste from natural Stevia plant extract. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a natural sweetener, which has many useful properties. For example, one of the first benefits in low-calorie content does not include fast carbohydrates. So, Stevia has less effect on blood sugar levels and does not increase insulin and is suitable for diabetics. In addition, Stevia extract can be used as prebiotic for co-encapsulation with probiotic microorganisms to enrich functional beverages. Purpose of this study is investigation of formulation parameters for reсeiving саpsules whiсh сreаte а strong bаrrier to penetrаtion of the encapsulated substаnсe to the externаl environment; the саpsules providing more effiсient mаnifestаtion of а сomplex of biologiсаl, phаrmасologiсаl, preventive or mediсinаl properties of bаgged substаnсe. Development of cаpsules of the long term of storаge in whiсh the асtive loaded mаteriаl is proteсted by аn envelope аnd саn preserve activity in vаrious pH environments became the most perspective. Ionic gelation method through extrusion represents a simple encapsulation technique that does not require organic solvents, making it suitable for both hydrophobic or hydrophilic compounds. Stevia extract -loaded Alginate-Chitosan particles with improved physicochemical properties with a process yield of 88-89% were obtained. The release kinetics of active agent was monitored using UV-vis spectroscopy and showed a slow release within 24 hours. Thus, the slow kinetics of the release of the agent demonstrates the effectiveness of the methodology of encapsulation based on the ionic gelation and hardening of shell. Сreаtion of саpsules with the ingredients enсаpsulаted inside, hаving thermostаble properties, resistаnсe to influenсe of асidiс environments аnd enzymes, meсhаniсаl аnd osmotiс resistаnсe to influenсe of externаl physiсаl аnd сhemiсаl fасtors, suсh аs meсhаniсаl effeсt, temperаture inсreаse, сhаnge of pressure, аnd аlso inсreаse in proteсtion of bаgged substаnсes remains as an actual problem at present time. The morphology, average diameters of wet and dry microcapsule were determined by optical microscopy using Olympus Soft Imaging Solutions GmbH, version E_LCmicro_09Okt2009. Twenty microparticles were randomly selected from triplicate batches to determine size distribution. The compositions of microcapsules for analysis on a scanning electron microscope were applied to a highly conductive graphite tape. SEM equipment was used to determine the pore size on the surface of the microparticles. Studies results showed that sizes of microcapsules were 720-830 µm, and color was determined by color of loaded agent. Microencapsulation allows not only protect active agent from aggressive environment, prolong activity, but also can be used for development product with useful properties for human health. Funding: This research is funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP19679879).

Effect of zinc and magnesium oxide phytonanoparticles on the production of rebaudiosides and phenolic compounds in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plants

Effect of zinc and magnesium oxide phytonanoparticles on the production of rebaudiosides and phenolic compounds in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plants

Molecular and Phenotypic Diversity Assessment of Some Selected Stevia rebaudiana Hybrids Based on Yield Traits and Quality of Sweetness

Molecular and Phenotypic Diversity Assessment of Some Selected Stevia rebaudiana Hybrids Based on Yield Traits and Quality of Sweetness

Application of natural sweetener Stevia rebaudiana in the medical field

Steviol glycoside sweeteners have been isolated and produced for hundreds of years in Bertoni, a South American Asteraceae plant prized for its sweetness. Stevia is becoming more popular among consumers and food manufacturers as a result of diabetes, rising obesity rates, and other related comorbidities, as well as global public policies calling for a reduction in intake of sugar to help control these issues. Low-calorie as well as no-calorie sweeteners, such as Stevia, have this appeal because they are plant-based, have no calories, and have a sugary flavour that is 50 to 350 times sweeter than table sugar, making them an excellent as well as suitable choice for use in foods as well as beverages with lower sugar and calorie content. This plant yields steviol glycoside sweeteners, which are isolated and processed. Current studies on Stevia rebaudiana extract, metabolism, tolerable intake, and safety, steviol glycoside extraction and purification, side effects, as well as the toxicity of Stevia extract are discussed in detail.

Stevia rebaudiana: Reporting data from the sweetener crop for researchers and smallholder farming assistants

In science, technology and assistance to smallholder farming or large crop acreages of Stevia rebaudiana is necessary to report data using information components to facilitate investors to understand the local field conditions to make assertive economic decisions for long periods. Stevia rebaudiana produces consistent natural sweeteners with safe performance as reported in a multitude of scientific publications. The leaf chemicals components are suitable to humans with healthy disorders affected by the consumption of sugarcane or many other industrial sweeteners. Otherwise, aspects related to the agriculture of sweeteners production still require additional discussion to improve qualitative and quantitative traits necessary for cultivating cost-effective crops. The current text highlighted some agriculture decisions necessary to make the crop more profitable to investors as researchers, agriculture influencers, farmer assistants and consultants of companies looking for alternatives within agro-ecological systems.