Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale Research Articles

THE MEDIATING ROLES OF TRIANGULAR LOVE COMPONENTS IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIP BELIEFS AND MARRIAGE ATTITUDES

This study examined the mediating roles of triangular love components (intimacy, passion, and commitment) in the relationship between university students’ romantic relationship beliefs and marriage attitudes. The research sample consisted of 376 undergraduate students, 289 of whom were female and 87 were male, studying at a public university. In addition to the Personal Information Form, four measurement tools, namely the Inönü Marriage Attitude Scale, the Sternberg Triangular Love Scale (STLS and STLS-M forms), and the Romantic Relationship Beliefs Scale, were employed in this study. According to the resultant findings, of the triangular love components, intimacy had a partial mediating role, while passion and commitment had full mediating roles in the relationship between romantic relationship beliefs and marriage attitudes. All the adjustments regarding the collected data were conducted in the R programming environment. The findings were discussed based on the existing literature, followed by suggestions for various practices in the field and future studies.

The dark triad, love components, and attachment styles in romantic relationship experiencing during young adulthood

The aim of this research was to clarify the nature of experiencing relationships in connection with the dark aspects of personality—Dark Triad. The study was conducted on a sample of 293 young adults (Mage = 22.9, SD = 3.4), 53.6% of females and 46.4% of males. The Slovak version of Short Dark Triad—SD3, the Slovak version of The Sternberg Triangular Love Scale (STLS) and the Slovak version of Experience in Close relationship—Revised were administered. The model of complex relationships of the Dark triad, components of love and attachment style explained 83% of the variation of the attachment style in a close relationship. The Dark triad had a direct negative effect on the love components and a direct positive effect on the attachment style in a close relationship. The components of love had a direct negative effect on the attachment style in a close relationship. In the model, gender differences were found.

A Study on the Turkish Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability of Two Versions of Triangular Love Scale

This study aims to adapt Sternberg Triangular Love Scale (STLS) and its revised form of Sternberg Triangular Love Scale-Modified (STLS-M) to Turkish, analyze the validity and reliability of the scales, and assess the psychometric equivalence (measurement invariance) of two scales across groups. The study included two sample groups compromising of 408 (284 females, 124 male) university students who were involved in a romantic relationship and 632 (372 females, 260 male) university students who were not involved in a romantic relationship; the students were enrolled in various faculties of a public university in Turkey. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the construct validity of the two scales. The result of the analyses showed that both the STLS and STLS-M constituted three factors that are called “intimacy”, “passion”, and “commitment”. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the factors for the STLS were .91 for intimacy, .88 for passion, and .93 for commitment. The reliability coefficients for the STLS-M were also .88, .83, and .89 respectively. Consequently, the findings of the study exhibited that both the STLS and STLS-M had a similar construct, indicating very good psychometric properties, and met the criteria for measurement invariance.

Evidence of validity and factorial invariance of the Sternberg Love Scale Brief Spanish Version

This study aims to adapt, provide evidence of validity, analyze the invariance across gender, and estimate the reliability of the reduced version of the Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale (STLS-R). The sample size comprises 988 Peruvians (748 females and 240 males), who had been in a relationship for at least one month, and whose ages ranged from16 to 54 years old (M=21.29; SD=3.91). Before the statistical analysis, the semantic equivalence was tested through the translation-back translation method. The results indicate that the three-dimensional STLS-R model present satisfactory goodness-of-fit in the data (χ2 (87) = 177.14; χ2/df =2.04; CFI =.99; RMSEA=.03 [.02, .04]; SRMR = .03) which is invariant with respect to gender, and show acceptable reliability regarding intimacy (ω = .91), commitment (ω = .93) and passion (ω = .86). The overall results offer sufficient valid evidence and suggest that the scale can be used in further studies. However, its effectiveness should still be tested in different regions of Peru.

Evidence of validity and factorial invariance of the Sternberg Love Scale Brief Spanish Version

This study aims to adapt, provide evidence of validity, analyze the invariance across gender, and estimate the reliability of the reduced version of the Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale (STLS-R). The sample size comprises 988 Peruvians (748 females and 240 males), who had been in a relationship for at least one month, and whose ages ranged from16 to 54 years old (M=21.29; SD=3.91). Before the statistical analysis, the semantic equivalence was tested through the translation-back translation method. The results indicate that the three-dimensional STLS-R model present satisfactory goodness-of-fit in the data (χ2 (87) = 177.14; χ2/df =2.04; CFI =.99; RMSEA=.03 [.02, .04]; SRMR = .03) which is invariant with respect to gender, and show acceptable reliability regarding intimacy (ω = .91), commitment (ω = .93) and passion (ω = .86). The overall results offer sufficient valid evidence and suggest that the scale can be used in further studies. However, its effectiveness should still be tested in different regions of Peru.

Depression symptoms, sexual satisfaction and satisfaction with a relationship in individuals with type 2 diabetes and sexual dysfunctions.

The level of sexual satisfaction constitutes a significant factor affecting satisfaction with a relationship, particularly in the case of people with chronic diseases (like type 2 diabetes), sexual dysfunctions and depressive symptoms. The aim of the conducted research was to verify a moderating role of intensified depressive symptoms in relation to sexual satisfaction and relationship quality, as well as the relationship between these variables in the group of individuals with type 2 diabetes and sexual dysfunctions. We also examined which aspects of sexual satisfaction and relationship quality the participants were the most satisfied with. Finally, 93 persons (38 women) with type 2 diabetes and with at least one sexual dysfunction took part in the research. Three questionnaire methods were applied in the research: the Sternberg Triangular Love Scale, the Sexual Satisfaction Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory. . The results showed differences in the level of individual aspects of sexual satisfaction and components of satisfaction with a relationship. Intensified depressive symptoms turned out to be a moderator in the relationship between sexual satisfaction and relationship quality in the case of general and specific indicators. The higher the satisfaction with controlling sexual contacts in people with type 2 diabetes and high-intensity of depressive symptoms, the more satisfied they are with emotional and physical intimacy with a partner. People with low-intensity of depressive symptoms who assume their influence on sexual contacts with a partner to be low, are found to be more motivated to search for them.

Is love related to selfies? Romantic selfie posting behavior and love levels among women and men

Although interest in the selfie phenomenon has recently increased, no studies have yet examined the meaning behind posting romantic selfies. In a study involving a total of 584 men and women, we examined whether the amount of romantic selfies on Facebook profiles may reliably reflect love level in a heterosexual relationship, as evaluated using Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale. We found that men's overall Love Scale scores positively predicted quantity of posted romantic selfies. Additionally, in men, the scores of two out of three subscales—Passion and Commitment—each independently predicted the numbers of romantic selfies. In contrast, women's romantic selfie-posting behavior correlated with only one subscale. Our findings provide the first evidence that the link between love level and romantic selfie-posting behavior is stronger among men than that among women. Therefore, our results may highlight key romantic behavioral differences in online social networking in both sexes.

Psychometric properties of Sternberg love scale

Introduction : The aim of study was to evaluate the psychometric indices Sternberg love scale on married men and women in Iranian society. Methods : The study type is correlation (factor analysis). In this research factor analysis was used that is an exploratory and confirmatory technique to study the structure of a set of data, which has several pre-conception about exploring the questionnaire factors. The sample size was 200 individuals which is randomly selected and completed Sternberg's triangular love scale from men and women who participated in the before marriage classes and family education classes in Mashhad in 2015. Data was analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Findings : The results of the factor analysis by using Varimax rotation method showed three love factors, and they were fitted by confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency reliability Alpha Cronbach coefficients including 45 items and three factors of intimacy, passion and commitment respectively are 0.86, 0.87 and 0.91 and love overall scale was satisfactory. Discussion : The results of the factor analysis are consistent with previous studies and with respect to the validity and reliability of Sternberg's love triangle that can be used in research and family domain. Keywords : Love triangle; Sternberg; psychometric; reliability.

Amor, Beleza, Satisfação Conjugal, e Relações Familiares: Um Estudo com Casais Jovens Adultos e de Meia-Idade

Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar a relação entre as variáveis: amor (em suas dimensões Intimidade, Paixão e Decisão/Compromisso), beleza, satisfação conjugal e relações familiares (indicadas pela coesão familiar e conflitos familiares) em casais jovens adultos e de meia-idade. Foram investigados 200 sujeitos (50 casais de jovens adultos e 50 casais de meia-idade). Utilizaram-se os seguintes instrumentos: questionário; Escala Triangular do Amor de Sternberg; Escala de Satisfação Conjugal; Escala de Avaliação da Coesão e Adaptabilidade Familiar - Faces III e; Escala de Conflito Conjugal. Constatou-se que os casais de meia-idade apresentaram maior índice de satisfação conjugal do que os casais jovens adultos. Os sujeitos que consideravam seu cônjuge como sendo uma pessoa bonita tinham maior: satisfação conjugal (r= 0,424; p<0,001), intimidade (r= 0,384; p<0,001), paixão (r= 0,372; p<0,001) e decisão/compromisso (r= 0,337; p<0,001) e; sentiam mais amor pelo cônjuge (r= 0,371; p<0,001). Este grupo de casais, também, apresentou maior coesão familiar (r= 0,387; p<0,001) e menos conflitos familiares (r= -0,342; p<0,001). Conclui-se que a percepção favorável da beleza tanto de si quanto do cônjuge exerce influência positiva nas relações conjugais e familiares.Palavras-chave: Amor; Beleza; Satisfação conjugal; Família; Casamento.

The influence of attachment styles on romantic love

Introduction The triangular theory of love posits intimacy, passion and commitment as the necessary components of romantic love (RL). Different attachment styles – secure, preoccupied, fearful-avoidant and dismissive – may influence the psychological variables of (RL). Aims To explore the relationship between the different attachment styles and intimacy, passion and commitment in RL in a sample of the general population in Serbia; and to ascertain the attachment style which correlates most closely with the components of RL. Method Attachment style was assessed by the Experiences in close relationships scale, and the components of RL by the Sternberg's Triangular love scale. The study sample comprised 312 persons of both sexes, aged between 18 and 50 years old, and who had been in RL for at least 3 months. Results The most frequent attachment style was secure (70.8%), followed by dismissive (14.4%), preoccupied (11.5%) and fearful-avoidant (3.2%). Persons with secure attachment style expressed a higher level of intimacy in RL as compared with persons with preoccupied and dismissive attachment styles ( P P Conclusion Persons with secure attachment style realize the highest levels of intimacy in RL, while those with fearful-avoidant the lowest. Passion and commitment were not influenced by attachment style. The psychotherapeutic intervention dealing with fearful-avoidant attachment style may have influence on realization of intimacy in RL.

A redução de itens como uma alternativa para a Escala Triangular do Amor

O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala Triangular do Amor de Sternberg Reduzida (ETAS-R). Responderam à escala 1523 sujeitos de 13 estados brasileiros. Os resultados indicaram que a versão reduzida possui boa precisão e itens com cargas fortes num único fator. Análise fatorial confirmatória mostrou invariância da estrutura fatorial da ETAS-R por sexo e região, mas não para tipo de relacionamento. A Teoria de Resposta ao Item sugere que a ETAS-R é informativa. Os itens são discriminativos, mas relativamente fáceis. Os resultados sugerem que a ETAS-R é um excelente instrumento de medida. No entanto, não se deve abandonar a versão completa da ETAS.

Propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira da escala triangular do amor de sternberg

The Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale (STLS) has 45 items related to intimacy, passion, and decision/commitment. The objective of this study was to investigate some psychometric properties of the STLS in Brazil. The Brazilian version of STLS, the Test of Family Identification (FIT) and a measure of satisfaction in the relationship were completed by 361 students from three universities. The factorial analysis of STLS showed a structure with 3 factors and elevated internal consistency. Seeking to improve the instrument, the number of items of the scale was reduced. The new factorial analysis indicated that the original psychometric properties were maintained. Positive correlations were found between the measurements of love and the level of satisfaction with the relationship. The results indicate that the Brazilian version of ETAS possesses adequate and satisfactory psychometric properties

Reliability and Aspects of the Construct Validity of Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale

This research investigated the factor structure, reliability and aspects of the construct validity of Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale (TLS). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the items of the TLS loaded on their designated factors of intimacy, passion and commitment; however, the model fit was poor and the factors were highly correlated. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that numerous items loaded on more than one factor. The subscales had extremely high internal consistencies and adequate 2-month test-retest reliabilities. Scores on all three subscales were related to relationship exclusivity and survival over the 2-month period, but only commitment and passion were related to expectancy for relationship survival. Implications and limitations of the research are discussed.

Loneliness and the desire for intimacy: The intervening role of locus of control

In this study we assessed the role played by locus of control in the association between loneliness and the need for intimacy. In Study 1, subjects completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Rotter's Locus of Control Scale, and the Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale in reference with their ideal love. In Study 2, subjects completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale, recalled a loneliness episode, and rated their perception of control and desire for intimacy in that episode. The findings indicated that loneliness was related to lower desire for intimacy among persons who hold external expectancies of control. In addition, loneliness was related to higher desire for passion in love relationships and to higher desire for intimacy with strangers and acquaintances during a loneliness episode among persons who hold internal expectancies of control.