Stereoscopic Display Techniques Research Articles

Learning visual saliency from human fixations for stereoscopic images

In the previous years, a lot of saliency detection algorithms have been designed for saliency computation of visual content. Recently, stereoscopic display techniques have developed rapidly, which results in much requirement of stereoscopic saliency detection for emerging stereoscopic applications. Different from 2D saliency prediction, stereoscopic saliency detection methods have to consider depth factor. We design a novel stereoscopic saliency detection algorithm by machine learning technique. First, the features of luminance, color and texture are extracted to calculate the feature contract for predicting feature maps of stereoscopic images. Furthermore, the depth features are extracted for depth feature map computation. Sematic features including the center-bias factor and other top-down cues are also applied as the features in the proposed stereoscopic saliency detection method. Support Vector Regression (SVR) is applied to learn the saliency detection model of stereoscopic images. Experimental results obtained on a public large-scale eye tracking database demonstrate that the proposed method can predict better saliency results for stereoscopic images than other existing ones.

A novel stereoscopic display technique that minimizes perceptual artifacts

A novel stereoscopic display technique that minimizes perceptual artifacts

Stereoscopic Display on Computer Monitor Using a Single Wedge Prism

We propose a novel stereoscopic display technique which uses only a single wedge prism. It can provide good depth perception from a stereoscopic pair image displayed on a computer monitor. One element of the stereoscopic pair image is inversely distorted to correct the deformation induced by the wedge prism. The computer simulation and experimental demonstration show that this technique can be successfully applied to the Internet environment.

Perceptual aspects of two-dimensional and stereoscopic display techniques in endoscopic surgery: Review and current problems

Perceptual aspects of two-dimensional and stereoscopic display techniques in endoscopic surgery: Review and current problems

Perceptual Aspects of Two-dimensional and Stereoscopic Display Techniques in Endoscopic Surgery: Review and Current Problems

The aim of this review is to analyze the perceptual aspects of endoscopic imaging systems. After discussing depth perception in natural settings, the problems of perceiving depth in 2-dimensional representations are investigated. We discuss the impact of stereoscopic video systems on the cerebral perceptual system, emphasising the fact that despite the addition of binocular disparity information, existing stereoscopic video systems are still different from normal 3-dimensional vision. Both 2-dimensional and stereoscopic video systems require a rescaling of visual information to guide motor behavior. A review of the growing number of papers comparing 2-dimensional and stereoscopic video systems shows that only about 50% of investigators found a significant benefit for stereoscopic systems. It is unlikely that image display technology for endoscopic surgery can ever progress to the stage where it is equivalent to normal vision. Within this limitation, progress will result from a multidisciplinary approach, involving technological advances in the quality of the displayed image together with psychovisuomotor and ergonomics research, which facilitates the cerebral rescaling and perception process by the endoscopic surgeon.

A study on scanning methods for a field-sequential stereoscopic display

This paper focuses on the scanning methods of a field-sequential stereoscopic display system. We examined the advantages and disadvantages of several scanning methods to identify the most suitable one for the field-sequential stereoscopic display technique. An evaluation test using a system with 525 scanning lines and a 120-Hz field frequency was conducted. The results show that the picture quality of the 4:2 or 4:1 interlace method, which maintains high vertical resolution, is superior to that of the simple 2:1 interlace one. We also developed an experimental field-sequential stereoscopic system for HDTV with 1:2 interlacing and confirmed that it is possible to display high-quality stereoscopic HDTV pictures in full 1125-line vertical resolutions.

Artificial Looming Yields Improved Performance over Lateral Motion: Implications for Stereoscopic Display Techniques

In the natural world, a number of visual cues indicate that an item is quickly approaching the perceiver. Binocular disparity is one cue for depth, and it has been demonstrated that abrupt changes in disparity, artificially unaccompanied by correlated depth cues, are capable of causing the perception of looming for the observer. An experiment involving 38 undergraduates, using a computer-controlled stereoscopic display, examined the ability of above-threshold changes in disparity (artificial looming) to facilitate response time and accuracy for observers engaged in an object-enumeration task within a cluttered display. Compared with performance using the same stimuli without disparity information (lateral motion), participants were more accurate regardless of the disparity level (9, 12, 24, or 48 minutes of arc) and faster at the two lowest levels of disparity. Participants showed the classic subitizing function, suggesting that target stimuli presented with motion information were segregated from otherwise identical distractor items. It is proposed that binocular disparity information can act as a valid location cuing method in stereoscopic computer displays in which form and color information are to be preserved.

Effects of Stereoscopic and Rotational Displays in a Three-Dimensional Path- Tracing Task

A series of three experiments investigated the effectiveness of stereoscopic and rotational display techniques for the purpose of establishing human factors guidelines for the design of three-dimensional (3D) displays. In the described experiments, depth perception was evaluated by examining accuracy in a 3D path-tracing task, with stimulus displays resembling the structure of cerebral angiograms. The first experiment allowed subjects to control rotation in dynamic displays. The results indicated that performance improved using either technique relative to viewing two-dimensional (2D) displays. However, rotational displays were superior to stereoscopic displays, and performance was best when both techniques were combined. The second experiment compared subject-controlled rotation with observation of continuously rotating displays at different rates of rotation. Performance declined at faster rotation rates; however, there were no advantages of subject-controlled rotation. In the third experiment, performance in rotational displays was no better than that in stereoscopic displays enhanced with multiple static viewing angles. However, performance was always best when both 3D techniques were jointly implemented. The results are discussed in terms of the visual information available using either 3D display technique and are related to the weighted additive model of depth perception.

A Comparative Study of Rotational and Stereoscopic Computer Graphic Depth Cues

The present research investigated the effectiveness of rotational and stereoscopic display techniques as applied to practical applications in computer graphics. In the described experiments, depth perception was evaluated by examining accuracy in a 3D path-tracing task, with stimulus displays resembling the structure of cerebral angiograms. In the first experiment, task performance was determined without 3D enhancements, with either technique used alone and with both techniques combined. The results indicated that performance improved using either technique, however, performance with rotational displays was superior to stereoscopic displays, and performance was best when both techniques were combined. The results of a second experiment revealed that rotational displays were no better than stereoscopic displays enhanced with multiple static viewing angles. The experimental findings are discussed in terms of the visual information available using either 3D display technique as well as with respect to the hardware requirements of both display systems. The results are also related to the weighted additive model of depth perception.

Stereoscopic computer graphics for simulation and modeling

A visually effective stereoscopic CRT display technique has been developed which uses continuous tone computer graphics in combination with electro-optic shutter viewing devices. The technique involves the generation of left and right perspective views of an object model using continuous tone computer graphics. The perspective views constitute stereo pairs and are displayed in an alternating manner on the even and odd field scans of a conventional 2:1 interlace raster scan CRT display. When viewed with electro-optic shutters operated synchronously with the CRT field scan rate, the alternating perspective views are perceived as stereoscopic images with strong binocular depth-of-field sensations. Lightweight stereoscopic viewing glasses have been developed which use lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramics as electronically controlled shutter elements. Representative applications of the stereoscopic display technique to dynamic flight simulation and complex molecular modeling are presented. The flight simulation illustrates a landing sequence on an aircraft carrier while the modeling application shows complex three-dimensional structures of double helix DNA and bacterial ferredoxin molecules. The stereoscopic display technique has been shown to be highly effective for adding binocular depth-of-field to computer graphics displays with a resulting enhancement of object model realism.