Steel In Hydrochloric Acid Solution Research Articles

Isoindigo derivatives as some potential corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution: Synthesis, experimental and theoretical studies

This investigation synthesized two isoindigo derivatives (IIDBr-NBr and IIDBr-MBr). These derivatives were then applied as green corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in a 1 mol L−1 HCl aqueous solution. The study investigated the corrosion inhibition performance of IIDBr-NBr and IIDBr-MBr through electrochemical and weight loss (WL) measurements, as well as surface analysis (SEM, AFM and XPS). The results showed that both IIDBr-NBr and IIDBr-MBr exhibited excellent corrosion inhibition performance (inhibition efficiency of 96.27 % for IIDBr-NBr and 96.46 % for IIDBr-MBr). Quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) were used to reveal the adsorption mechanisms of IIDBr-NBr and IIDBr-MBr at the steel/solution interface.

Zwitterion modified chitosan as a high-performance corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution

Herein, a novel chitosan Schiff base (CS-FGA) as a sustainable corrosion inhibitor has been successfully synthesized via a simple amidation reaction by using an imidazolium zwitterion and chitosan (CS). The corrosion inhibition property of CS-FGA for mild steel (MS) in a 1.0 M HCl solution was studied by various electrochemical tests and physical characterization methods. The findings indicate that the maximum inhibition efficiency of CS-FGA as a mixed-type inhibitor for MS in 1.0 M HCl solution with 400 mg L−1 reaches 97.6 %, much much higher than the CS and the recently reported chitosan-based inhibitors. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and water contact angle (WCA) results reveal that the CS-FGA molecules firmly adsorb on the MS surface to form a protective layer. The adsorption of CS-FGA on the MS surface belongs to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm containing both the physisorption and chemisorption. According to the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV–vis spectrum, FeN bonds presented on the MS surface further prove the chemisorption between CS-FGA and Fe to generate the stable protective layer. Additionally, theoretical calculations from quantum chemical calculation (DFT) and molecular simulations (MD) were performed to reveal the inhibition mechanism of CS-FGA.

Study on the corrosion inhibition performance of Schiff base corrosion inhibitor on Q235 steel

Q235 steel is widely used in industry and daily life, and it is prone to corrosion during use, especially in hydrochloric acid solution where corrosion is particularly severe. Schiff base organic compounds can significantly inhibit the corrosion of Q235 steel in hydrochloric acid solution, making them a green and environmentally friendly organic compound. This article uses aniline, octadecylamine, and glutaraldehyde as raw materials to prepare two Schiff base corrosion inhibitors, namely bisaniline Schiff base and bisoctadecylamine Schiff base (named BXFJ and SXFJ respectively). The corrosion inhibition performance and mechanism of these two Schiff base inhibitors in Q235 steel in hydrochloric acid solution were studied using weight loss method, electrochemical testing, quantum chemical theory calculation, and molecular dynamics simulation. The results of weight loss method and electrochemical testing show that in a 1mol/L HCl solution, the corrosion inhibition performance of BXFJ at a concentration of 25mg/L is higher than that of SXFJ, indicating that BXFJ can exert excellent corrosion inhibition performance in HCl environment. Density functional theory (DFT) indicates that the active sites of the two Schiff bases are C=N double bonds, and molecular dynamics (MD) further confirms that both Schiff base corrosion inhibitors can adsorb on the surface of Q235 steel.

Oleaster Leaf Extract: A Potential Environmentally Friendly Inhibitor for Mild Steel

In this research, the potential of Elaeagnus angustifolia tree leaf extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution was examined. The stock concentration of the aqueous extract was determined to be 0.38% (w/v). Other experimental solutions were created by diluting four different extract concentrations in aggressive solution. Experimental measurements, including linear polarization (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and semi-logarithmic current potential curves by Tafel extrapolation method, were employed to validate the corrosion inhibition effects of the plant leaf extract at varying concentrations. Notably, oleaster leaf extract demonstrated a corrosion protection of over 80% for mild steel, even at low concentrations, attributed to its abundance in secondary metabolites such as polyphenols and flavonoids. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) surface maps provide robust evidence for the electrochemical measurement data.

Promising Eco-friendly Inhibitor Potency: Elaeagnus Angustifolia Leaf Extract for Mild Steel

In this research, the potential of Elaeagnus angustifolia tree leaf extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution was examined. The stock concentration of the aqueous extract was determined to be 0.38% (w/v). Other experimental solutions were created by diluting four different extract concentrations in aggressive solution. Experimental measurements, including linear polarization (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and semi-logarithmic current potential curves by Tafel extrapolation method, were employed to validate the corrosion inhibition effects of the plant leaf extract at varying concentrations. Notably, oleaster leaf extract demonstrated a corrosion protection of over 80% for mild steel, even at low concentrations, attributed to its abundance in secondary metabolites such as polyphenols and flavonoids. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) surface maps provide robust evidence for the electrochemical measurement data.

Ti3AlC2 MXene nanosheets as a novel corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution.

Herein we report that Ti3AlC2 MXene nanosheets were identified as a highly effective cathodic protection corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution. Ti3AlC2 Mxene nanosheets form a stable inhibition layer on metal surfaces due to their high adsorption capacity and act as a barrier or protective film to prevent attacks from corrosive substances and thus lead to an extended metal service life.

PH‐Responsive Chitosan Microspheres Loaded with Gemini Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids as Smart Corrosion Inhibitors for N80 Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution

Chitosan microspheres (CSM) loaded with synthesized Gemini imidazolium‐based ionic liquids ([C2(Bim)2]Cl2@CSM and [C6(Bim)2]Br2@CSM) are constructed as smart corrosion inhibitors to protect N80 steel in hydrochloric acid solution. The optimal inhibition efficiency of [C2(Bim)2]Cl2 and [C6(Bim)2]Br2 at 300 mg L−1 reaches 94.68% and 95.96%, respectively, indicating mixed‐type inhibition behavior. On this basis, the prepared [C2(Bim)2]Cl2@CSM and [C6(Bim)2]Br2@CSM can proactively identify corrosive environments and protect the metal. The microspheres are pH‐responsive owing to the presence of Schiff‐base C═N bonds and the loaded inhibitors can be released rapidly in acidic environment. Released inhibitors are delivered to corroded sites and synergistically interact with decomposed microspheres for enhanced corrosion inhibition effect.

Use of expired Sulbutiamine drug as anticorrosive agent for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution

Use of expired Sulbutiamine drug as anticorrosive agent for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution

Investigation of the mechanisms and adsorption of a new pyrazole derivative against corrosion of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution: Experimental methods and theoretical calculations

In an electrolyte of hydrochloric acid (1 M HCl) at 303 K, the effectiveness of the pyrazole derivative N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis((3,5-dimethyl-1 H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl)pyridine-2,6-diamine (PRPD) as a corrosion inhibitor was examined. Several experimental methods, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), surface morphology analysis (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), AFM, contact angle (CA), FTIR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–visible, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), were used to conduct the measurements. To support these experimental findings, we use theoretical calculations such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The achieved findings manifested that the PRPD behaves as a powerful corrosion inhibitor, achieving an anti-corrosion performance of 97.2% at 0.001 M. The PDP technique suggests that PRPD is part of a mixed-type inhibitor. The PRPD molecules are chemisorbed at the carbon steel (CS) surface in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm model. On the ground of surface analysis, the build-up of an adsorptive layer inhibitor on the steel surface has been verified. DFT and MD simulation analyses have validated the experimental findings. These results contribute to the creation of successful corrosion control methods by providing insightful information about the inhibition of carbon steel corrosion in a 1 M HCl environment.

Effect of some organic surfactants on the corrosion behavior of low-carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution

Effect of some organic surfactants on the corrosion behavior of low-carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution

Experimental and Computational Study on Inhibitory Effect and Adsorption Properties of N-Acetylcysteine Amino Acid in Acid Environment.

Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were applied to study the inhibitory effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution. N-acetylcysteine influenced the iron dissolution to a greater extent than the hydrogen evolution reaction acting as a mixed inhibitor, predominantly anodic. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) gradually increased with the inhibitor concentration. From both methods, the inhibition efficiency (IE) reached a value of 89 ± 1% and NAC adsorption followed the Temkin isotherm. The value of adsorption Gibbs energy (ΔGadso), around -35 kJ mol-1, indicated a spontaneous adsorption and mixed action mechanism, with NAC chemical adsorption prevailing over physical one. New data will be reported by the computational study, that was performed using the density functional theory (DFT) method in aqueous phase. Quantum chemical descriptors were determined by B3LYP theory level with 6-31G+(d) basis set. Metropolis Monte Carlo atomistic simulation was used to reveal the adsorption configuration and interactions between acetylcysteine molecules and the carbon steel surface. Theoretical results were consistent with the experimental data, showing that the inhibitor action mechanism consisted of mainly chemisorption of its molecules on the carbon steel surface accompanied by van der Waals forces and electrostatic interactions.

Some New Synthesized Gemini Cationic Surfactants as Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution

Some New Synthesized Gemini Cationic Surfactants as Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution

Preparation and performance of a new silylated functional carbon quantum dots corrosion inhibitor

Adding green corrosion inhibitors to prevent the pickling process is critical to both corrosion of carbon steel and its environmental protection. Carbon quantum dots(CDs) corrosion inhibitors prepared using a hydrothermal method are considered promising candidates for carbon steel corrosion protection. Here, a new high-efficiency silylated functional carbon quantum dot (CDCA-Si-Pei) was prepared by hydrothermal method and evaluated for its corrosion inhibition performance as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution (1 M HCl). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that the surface roughness of carbon steel treated with CDCA-Si-Pei was significantly reduced, the surface was free of corrosion products, and the adsorption mechanism of CDCA-Si-Pei was chemical and physical co-adsorption. The experimental results show that CDCA-Si-Pei is a highly efficient and stable inhibitor with obvious anti-corrosion effects, especially at a concentration of 10 mg/L and its corrosion inhibition rate of 96.34 % and 94.79 % after three months of placement.

The adsorption and inhibition efficiency of 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine for corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution

PurposeThis study aims to prevent mild steel (MS) against corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution, 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine was used. The effectiveness of the compound as a corrosion inhibitor was studied via electrochemical, surface and theoretical calculation techniques.Design/methodology/approachFor concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 10.0 mM, almost similar polarization resistances were obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear polarization resistance tests. It also investigated inhibitive activity of 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine on the steel surface using scanning electron and atomic force microscope instruments. Langmuir adsorption is the best matched isotherm for the adsorption of the inhibitor to the steel surface.FindingsEIS method was used to determine inhibition efficiency, which was determined to be 95.7% for 10.0 mM inhibitor containing acid solution. Density functional theory’s predictions for quantum chemistry agreed well with the other experimental results.Originality/valueThe methods used in this study are effective and applicable; the used organic inhibitor is 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine; and protective effectiveness is important, which is crucial for the task of MS corrosion prevention.

Citrus sinensis peel extract as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution

This study investigated the corrosion inhibition properties of Citrus sinensis (CS) as a green inhibitor for mild steel in1 M HCl solution at different concentrations (100 mM, 150 mM and 200 mM). The corrosion behaviour of mild steel in the presence of absence of CS was evaluated using weight loss measurement, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results of weight loss measurement showed that the corrosion rate of mild steel in 1 M HCl solution was significantly reduced with increasing concentrations of CS, inhibition efficiency reaching up to 98 %. SEM analysis revealed that the surface of mild steel in the presence of CS was covered a thin and homogenous protective film, while the surface of mild steel without CS was corroded and rough. An isothermal analysis was also carried out and the results indicated that the adsorption of CS on the mild steel surface followed the Freundlich isotherm equation. The value of n was found to be greater than 1, indicating that the adsorption of CS on the mild steel surface was favourable and increased with the inhibitor concentration. The value of the adsorption coefficient (Kf­) was found to be highest at 200 mM of CS, indicating a high adsorption capacity and strength of the CS on the mild steel surface

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their inhibitory efficacy on corrosion of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution

Silver nanoparticles were created by an easy green synthesis method using plant extract. The relationship between the size and form of silver nanoparticles and the concentration of silver nitrate salt was examined. Using plant extract (tobacco leaf extract) at concentrations of 3, 5, and 10 mill moles (mMol) of AgNO3, silver nanoparticles were produced. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively, the form and structure of the prepared samples were analyzed. The relation between salt concentrations and the size of silver nanoparticles is depicted linearly in SEM images. The capacity of these nanomaterials to prevent the corrosion of carbon steel used in the petroleum industry when exposed to 1.0 N hydrochloric acid, a corrosive medium, is being investigated. Using chemical, electrochemical, and analytical techniques, the effect of concentration (50–200 ppm) and temperature (303–333 K) on the ability of generated materials to inhibit growth was studied. It was revealed that the inhibitory efficacy decreased at higher temperatures and increased with higher doses. The maximum inhibition efficiency of 98% was achieved using 200 ppm of the nanomaterials 3. The inhibition is due to the Nano molecules’ adhesion and adsorption on the metal surface via Langmuir adsorption. There is a linear relationship between the size of nanoparticles and their inhibition efficiency, similar to the linear relationship observed between the size of silver nanoparticles and the salt concentration, as demonstrated by the order of inhibition efficiency for the three nanomaterial samples used: Nanomaterials Samples 3 > Nanomaterials Samples 2 > Nanomaterials Samples 1.

Design, characteristics, and theoretical analyses of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives with different heteroatoms as effective corrosion inhibitors

This study focuses on the corrosion inhibition of N80 steel by 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives in 1 M hydrochloric acid medium. Firstly, three corrosion inhibitors containing different heteroatoms, namely N-dodecyl-5-amino-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline (12N-HQ), 5-dodecyloxy-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline (12O-HQ), and 5-dodecylthio-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline (12S-HQ) were synthesized from 1-dodecylamine, 1-dodecanol, 1-dodecanethiol, and 8-hydroxyquinoline. The structures of the synthesized products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrometry. The effects of 12N-HQ, 12O-HQ, and 12S-HQ on the corrosion of N80 steel in hydrochloric acid solution were studied by electrochemical measurements: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP). The surface analysis of N80 steel was carried out using infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The IR and 1HNMR spectra results confirmed the generation of characteristic peaks of C-N-C, C-O-C, and C-S-C, indicating that the products were 12N-HQ, 12O-HQ, and 12S-HQ. The PDP results demonstrated that the 12N-HQ, 12O-HQ, and 12S-HQ corrosion inhibitors were all mixed corrosion inhibitors. The EIS results were 93.60%, 93.37%, and 95.31% corrosion inhibition efficiency for the three inhibitors at a concentration of 1 mM, respectively. The FT-IR, FE-SEM, and XRD studies showed that 12N-HQ, 12O-HQ, and 12S-HQ molecules adhered and constructed a surface protective layer on the surface of N80 steel. Density flooding theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamics simulations (MD) better explain the influence of 12N-HQ, 12O-HQ, and 12S-HQ molecular structures and electrons on corrosion resistance, in addition to the results obtained by DFT and the simulation of MD agree with the experimental results.

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution by the expired Ampicillin drug

This study examines the utilization of the expired drug, namely ampicillin, as a mild steel corrosion inhibitor in an acidic environment. The inhibitor was evaluated using weight loss and electrochemical measurement accompanied with surface analytical techniques. The drug showed a potential inhibitory efficiency of > 95% at 55 °C. The inclusion of the inhibitor increased the charge transfer resistance at the steel-solution interface, according to impedance analyses. According to potentiodynamic polarisation measurements, expired ampicillin drug significantly decreased the corrosion current density and worked as a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was followed by the adsorption of ampicillin drug on the steel substrate, exhibiting an association of physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms. The surface study performed using contact angle and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) measurements supported the inhibitor adsorption on the steel substrate.

Synthesis and characterization of novel acrylamide derivatives and their use as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution

Two new acrylamide derivatives were prepared namely: “N-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl) carbamothioyl) acrylamide (BHCA) and N-((2-hydroxyethyl) carbamothioyl) acrylamide( HCA) and their chemical structures were analyzed and confirmed using IR and 1H NMR”. These chemicals were investigated as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel (CS) in 1 M HCl medium using chemical method (mass loss, ML), and electrochemical techniques including potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the acrylamide derivatives work well as corrosion inhibitors, with inhibition efficacy (%IE) reaching 94.91–95.28% at 60 ppm for BHCA and HCA, respectively. Their inhibition depends mainly on their concentration and temperature of the solution. According to the PDP files, these derivatives function as mixed-type inhibitors that physically adsorb on the CS surface in accordance with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, creating a thin coating that shields the CS surface from corrosive fluids. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) increased and the double layer capacitance (Cdl) decreased as a result of the adsorption of the used derivatives. Calculated and described were the thermodynamic parameters for activation and adsorption. Quantum chemistry computations and Monte Carlo simulations were examined and discussed for these derivatives under investigation. Surface analysis was checked using atomic force microscope (AFM). Validity of the obtained data was demonstrated by the confirmation of these several independent procedures.

Polarographic Studies for the Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions

The present work deals with the quantitative corrosion determination of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid by the use of polarographic and weight loss technique.
 The polarographic peak obtained at (-0.27 v) in 0.1 M hydrochloric acid was used for the determination of iron and a calibration was ranged (10-5–10-3) M.
 To confirm the obtained results a weight loss measurement were carried out, its results are in good agreement with that of the polarographic measurements. The research included in addition to that a kinetic study of corrosion reactions of iron in hydrochloric acid. Reaction rates were calculated at different temperature, and apparent energies of activation have been calculated from corrosion rates and Arrhenius plots.