Steel In Corrosive Media Research Articles

Electrochemicaland computational insightsinto the utilization of an N-heteroaromatic containing compound2-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-5-naphthalen-2-yl-[1,3,4]oxadiazole as a promising anticorrosive agent for mild steel in corrosive medium

In this investigation, the corrosion inhibition properties of an N-heteroaromatic containing compound 2-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-5-naphthalen-2-yl-[1,3,4]oxadiazole (MPNO), against mild steel (MS) in 1 M HCl using various analytical techniques have been examined. This study included weight-loss measurements at different temperatures (303–323 K), electrochemical analyses using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Potentiodynamic Polarization (PDP), and surface morphology investigations with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The experimental results demonstrated that MPNO exhibited excellent corrosion inhibition efficiency of 85.53% at a minimal 400 ppm inhibitor concentration with a mixed-type inhibition mechanism, as evidenced by the charge transfer resistance (RCT) value of 327.02 Ω.cm2 derived from the EIS analysis. Additionally, the analysis of quantum chemical descriptors revealed EHOMO (−8.6335 eV), ELUMO (−1.0277 eV), energy gap (ΔE = 7.60 eV), dipole moment (µ = 2.618 D), indicating inhibitor capability to acquire electrons and donate them to the metal's vacant d-orbitals, thus enhancing its adsorption activity and inhibitory properties. The density functional theory (DFT) computational studies complemented the experimental findings and provided a deeper understanding of the interaction modes between the inhibitors and the MS surface.

Celastrus paniculatus seeds as a green corrosion inhibitor for stainless steel in H2SO4 acidic solution

Corrosion poses a significant threat to the durability and safety of metallic structures, particularly in aggressive environments such as sulfuric acid solutions. In this study, the corrosion inhibition performance of Celastrus paniculatus for steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 is investigated. Celastrus paniculatus, a natural plant extract known for its potential corrosion-inhibitive properties, is explored as a green alternative to synthetic inhibitors.The experimental methodology involves the immersion of steel specimens in 0.5 M H2SO4 solutions containing various concentrations of Celastrus paniculatus extract. Electrochemical techniques, such as potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, assess corrosion inhibition efficiency. Surface analysis techniques, i.e., scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were employed to investigate the steel surfaces' morphological changes and elemental composition also Quantum Chemical Computations were conducted to find the energy levels of the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (ELUMO) and Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (EHOMO) and the energy gap (ΔE) between HUMO and LUMO from the optimized structure to find of which phytochemical absorb on the surface of the metal and this, we can clear that lower energy containing phytochemical will absorb more on the metal surface and have their greater efficiency. The study contributes to the development of environmentally friendly and sustainable corrosion inhibitors for steel in corrosive media, with potential applications in various industrial sectors. In metallic industries during acid cleaning or pickling processes metal undergoes acidic corrosion. This acidic corrosion can be prevented by many ways including alloying or dealloying of metals, anodic and cathodic protection or application of inhibitors. In this study, we have used the Celastrus paniculatus seed extract. Although its medicinal applications were explored but it was not used as a anticorrosive agent. So here we have determined the anticorrosive effects of Celastrus paniculatus seed in 0.5 M H2SO4 and used this as a novel and highly effective during acid cleaning.

The impact of halogen substitution on the corrosion inhibition of imidazothiazole derivatives for mild steel in corrosive media (Part A)

Our research aims to investigate the impact of halogens on the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in a 1 M HCl solution, employing a holistic approach. Through complementary studies, we will elucidate the corrosion inhibition mechanism by examining neutral, protonated, and complex forms of inhibitors using advanced computational and statistical methods. This preliminary study consists of evaluating the effectiveness of the first two imidazothiazole derivatives by weight loss tests (WL) and electrochemical techniques. This research unveils that the inhibitors, namely 6-(4-fluorophenyl)imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-5-carbaldehyde (Imid-F) and 6-(4-chlorophenyl)imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-5-carbaldehyde (Imid-Cl), exhibit mixed-type inhibition behavior, and their efficiency in preventing corrosion is halogen-dependent. This inhibition efficiency improved with decreasing temperature and increasing inhibitor concentration, reaching 86% (Imid-F) and 90% (Imid-Cl) at 303 K and 1×10−3 M, respectively. Both chemicals' adherence may be described using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the inhibitors were successfully deposited. The results obtained from the experimental and theoretical analyses suggest that the efficiency of the two halogenated imidazothiazoles follows the order: (Imid-Cl) > (Imid-F).

Comparative study of performance of temiki (Melastomacandidum) and rubek (Calotropis gigantea) extract inhibitors for carbon steel in corrosive media

The use of synthetic inhibitors that negatively affect the environment is still used. Organic inhibitors are the best and most environmentally friendly solutions such as Temiki plants (MelastomaCandidum) and Rubik (Calotropis Giganteen) which have good corrosion cell inhibitor properties and have the potential to be used as corrosion inhibitors. This study analyzed Temiki and Rubik extracts as corrosion inhibitors in carbon steel using the weight loss method in 3.5% NaCl solution and analyzed the efficiency of the inhibitors. Temiki and Rubik's are extracted by drying the leaves, stems and flowers under the sun. Then the material is mashed together and distilled by the solid-liquid method with the Soxhlet tool. Identification of plant components using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Density and viscosity were analyzed following ASTM D 4052 and ASTM D 445 standards. Weight loss method testing was carried out at inhibitor concentrations of 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm, with soaking time for 15 weeks and data collection was carried out every week. The results of the analysis showed the highest corrosion rate in Temiki extract with a concentration of 500 ppm reaching 1,569 mpy and the lowest at a concentration of 500 ppm reaching 0.157 mpy. In Rubik's extract inhibitors, the highest corrosion rate occurred in 500 ppm inhibitors reaching 1,268 mpy, while the lowest occurred at 200 ppm concentrations reaching 0.331 mpy. The highest efficiency value is the 400 ppm Temiki inhibitor with efficiency reaching 82.89% and the lowest at 500 ppm reaching 19.55%. while for the efficiency of Rubik's extract inhibitors, the highest value was 62.71%, at a concentration of 200 ppm. While the lowest is 28.40%, at 500 ppm inhibitors. These results show that Temiki and Rubik's extracts can still function well as corrosion inhibitors in low-carbon steels in NaCl solution.

Effect of Temperature on Damar Resin-Based Bio-Coating on Mild Steel in Corrosive Media (Acid Effect) by Using Silica from Rice Husk Extract

Effect of Temperature on Damar Resin-Based Bio-Coating on Mild Steel in Corrosive Media (Acid Effect) by Using Silica from Rice Husk Extract

Evaluating the synergistic effect of maple leaves extract and iodide ions on corrosion inhibition of Q235 steel in H2SO4 solution

In recent years, many plant extracts have been used as green corrosion inhibitors to replace traditional corrosion inhibitors, but their inhibition performance still needs to be improved. The synergistic corrosion inhibition behavior and mechanism of maple leaves extract (MLE) and potassium iodide (KI) on Q235 steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution were firstly investigated in this work. The results demonstrate that both MLE and KI can prevent the corrosion of steel in corrosive media, and that their combined protection effect is superior. The corrosion inhibition efficiency (η) value reaches 93.4 % in corrosive solution with the combination of 200 mg/L MLE and 200 mg/L KI, while the maximum of η is only 81.6 % using MLE alone. In addition, Fe-N bond and Fe-O bond were found on the steel surface through the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, which confirm the formation of a protective film. The adsorption behavior of an inhibitory film composed of MLE and KI mixtures onto steel surface follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, consisting of physisorption and chemisorption. Finally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation indicates that inhibitor molecules can adsorb on the Fe substrate in a parallel way with high binding energy values, which supports the experiments well.

Highly effective Q235 steel corrosion inhibition in 1 M HCl solution by novel green strictosamide from Uncaria laevigata: Experimental and theoretical approaches

Traditional corrosion inhibitors are not popular due to high toxicity. Instead, green corrosion inhibitors are appearing. Here, strictosamide as a green corrosion inhibitor was firstly separated from Uncaria laevigata, showing excellent solubility in hydrochloric acid solution. By means of electrochemical test, morphology measurement, and theoretical analysis, the corrosion inhibition ability of strictosamide on Q235 steel in corrosive medium was evaluated. Electrochemical results suggested that strictosamide revealed significant corrosion inhibition efficiency of 94.25% at 25 °C. Moreover, the inhibition effect was still strong with extension of immersion time, and the highest inhibition efficiency reached up to 94.90% for 48 h at 160 mgL−1. After the samples were immersed in the inhibited solution for 24 h, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy observations indicated that strictosamide was firmly attached to Q235 steel surface by making a protective film. Then, according to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results, Fe-N bonds existed on the steel showed the presence of chemisorption between metal ions and strictosamide molecules. Mainly because N atoms were complexed with Fe (II) to form stable complexes attached to the active position on steel. Hence, the stability and compactness of the adsorption film on metal surface were strengthened. Additionally, the inhibition mechanism of strictosamide was illustrated by molecular dynamics. Overall, strictosamide may exhibit the potential to replace the traditional toxic corrosion inhibitors in the industry.

Innovative Study on Microstructural Change in Duplex Stainless Steel in Corrosive Media

Abstract: Duplex Stainless Steel was developed long back in 1930 and gradually finds its wide application because of its high strength, good weldability, good toughness and resistance to stress corrosion cracking. This alloy finds its application in pressure vessels, bridges, process plants and also in typically down to minus 50 degree centigrade applications. However, because of its high alloy content thermal conductivities of duplex stainless steel are low. Casting this alloy is difficult and can be industrially used after proper heat treatment. In this present study corrosion rates were measured for CD4MCu in terms of weight loss/unit area/hour and microstructures were observed in different corrosive medium with time as variable.

Study of the corrosion-inhibiting activity of the green materials of thePosidonia oceanicaleaves’ ethanolic extract based on PVP in corrosive media (1 M of HCl)

AbstractSince the corrosion protection of mild steel samples in corrosive media (1 M of hydrochloric acid [HCl]) was cheap and successful, the ethanol extract ofPosidonia oceanicaleaves based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (P. oceanica/PVP) was analyzed using the weight reduction, the open circuit potential, and the potentiodynamic polarization methods. The obtained results explained that the productivity of hindrance increments had the greatest restraint efficiency of ∼81% at 1,000 ppm, as the concentration of the extract increased. Liable for adsorption as a thin layer on the surface of mild steel to protect it, the creation of kaolin-traced phenolic and polysaccharide compounds was confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. A scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the inhibitive action ofP. oceanica/PVP against steel in corrosive media and the change in surface morphology was considered. It is presumed that the ethanol removed from thePosidonia oceanicaleaves can fill in as a compelling consumption inhibitor for gentle steel in HCL solution (1 M).

Evaluation of inhibitive performance of Allamanda cathartica leaves extract as a green corrosion inhibitor on mild steel in acid medium

Thecorrosion mitigationof mild steel in 1.0 M H2SO4acid solution by Allamanda cathartica leaves extract was investigated at different temperatures by mass loss technique. The inhibition efficiency was measured using electrochemical studies such as potentio-dynamic polarization technique and impedance measurements. Adsorption, thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were calculated in this work. Adsorption studies showed that the phytochemical constituents present in the inhibitor adsorbed on the metal surface. The spectrochemical studies and morphological studies confirms the formation of protective layer on mild steel in corrosive medium. The contact angle method predicted the hydrophobic nature of the mild steel in the presence of inhibitor. This research work showed that Allamanda cathartica leaves extract act as a best eco-friendly inhibitor on mild steel in acid medium.

Analisa Laju Korosi dan Kekerasan Pada Stainless Steel 316 L Dalam Larutan 10 % NaCl Dengan Variasi Waktu Perendaman

Corrosion is an electrochemical reaction between metals and the environment that causes corrosion and decreases the quality of metals. Steel is a metal material that is widely applied in the industrial world. Stainless steel is stainless steel that is resistant to corrosion because it has an alloying element of at least 18% chrome and 8% nickel. To find out the superiority of stainless steel as a construction material, research on local corrosion of stainless steel needs to be done. For this reason, research on corrosion is carried out by using a 10% NaCl salt solution by varying the immersion time of stainless steel in corrosive media. From the research results it is known that the type of corrosion that occurs in specimens is the type of uniform corrosion. Likewise with the value of violence will decrease if the stainless steel is soaked longer.

Corrosion Behavior of Galvanized Steel for Porcelain Insulator’s Pin in HVAC Transmission Line

The corrosion behavior of galvanized steel in corrosive media of simulated concrete pore solution (SPS) with and without NaCl has been studied for applying it to porcelain insulator’s pins in high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) transmission line. It was found that zinc coating of galvanized steel was corroded increasingly for the first 3 days corrosion test in SPS mixed with NaCl solution. After that the passive layer was formed on the surface of galvanized coating and consequently, the corrosion rate was dramatically decreased nearly five times of initial corrosion rate after 21 days. In this experiment, the investigations have been performed by SEM, optical microscope and visual observation. The results show that this compact and well adherence passive layer can be effectively hindered the corrosion process.

Developing of Polypyrrole Coating on Rotating Steel Cylinder for Improving its Corrosion Resistance

This work investigates the possibility of using polypyrrole (PPy) coating for improving the corrosion resistance of rotating cylinder subjected to saline solution. Galvanostatic technique was used for layer formation under different conditions of current density, pyrrole monomer concentration, sodium tartrate concentration and solution pH. The potentiodynamic technique was used for examination of PPy coated steel in corrosive medium composed of 3.5%NaCl under different rotating speed ranging from 200 to 1000 rpm. The formed PPy layer was investigated for its corrosion resistance using 3.5% NaCl solution under different rotational speed using the potentiodynamic technique. The preliminary results showed that coating steel with polypyrrole layer under different rotational speed can improve its corrosion resistance by a factor ranging from 1.2 to 1.88 depending on the operating conditions

Aspilia Africana extracts as organic corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in corrosive acidic media.

Extracts of Aspilia Africana as organic corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in corrosive media of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) has been investigated at room temperature of 25.6 o C using gravimetric (weight loss) technique. Mild steel coupons of 30 mm 2 and 0.45 mm thickness were exposed for varying durations in steps of 24 hours, in 0.5M of H2SO4 and 0.5M HCl mixed with varying concentrations of Aspilia Africana extract (100mg/L-700mg/L). The results show that corrosion rates dropped from maximum value of 8.3x10 -3 mpy (mills per year) for the uninhibited medium to maximum value of 1.5x10 -3 mpy for the inhibited medium of 0.5M H2SO4 with extract concentration of 100 mg/L. Corresponding values for 0.5M HCl are 10.0x10 -3 to 2.5x10 -3 mpy. Further increases in the extract concentrations result in less drastic decrease in the corrosion rate as reported in this paper. Values of corrosion inhibition efficiencies of 58.5-98.8% for H2SO4 and 70-90.9% for HCl media occurred for various extract concentrations with the highest values occurring at 600mg/L. Thus, Aspilia Africana extracts whose plants are bountiful in the tropical forests of West, East and Central Africa, provide good corrosion inhibition for mild steel.

Tribocorrosion of stainless steels (Review)

The tribocorrosion behavior of stainless steels in corrosive media is analyzed. Urgent problems of promising investigations in this direction are formulated.

Effect of wastes formed in processing of vegetable raw materials on the corrosion of steel in corrosive media

Effect of liquid and dry extracts of rice, buckwheat, and sunflower husks on the corrosion of St.3 steel in water-salt and acid media was studied by gravimetric and potentiodynamic methods. The action of the extracts on the surface morphology of St.3 steel samples was examined by electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis.

Special features of the electrochemical dissolution of a loaded surface of St20 steel

We established the influence of tensile stresses that vary from zero to 1.2 times theyield limit of the material on the intensity of electrochemical dissolution of St20 steel in corrosive media with various values of pH (3.6, 6.9, and 10.4). It is shown that the maximum intensification of dissolution is attained in processes of initiation and development of plastic yield in subsurface layers of the material. By the rotating disk electrode method, we analyzed samples of corrosive media and determined both the total yield of iron ions and the yield of each product of dissolution (Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions and their compounds).

Cyclic cracking resistance for high-speed steels in corrosive media

A study has been made on how working media affect the cyclic cracking resistance in high-speed steels made by various methods. In corrosive media, the powder steel has more resistance to fatigue crack growth than does the cast form.

Cavitation wear resistance of carbon steel in corrosive media

Cavitation wear resistance of carbon steel in corrosive media

Influence of test temperature on the crack resistance of high-strength steels in corrosive media and after preliminary hydrogen impregnation

Influence of test temperature on the crack resistance of high-strength steels in corrosive media and after preliminary hydrogen impregnation