Corrosion Of Steel In Hydrochloric Acid Research Articles

Unraveling the Adsorption and Corrosion Resistance Mechanisms of Pyran-Pyrazole Analogs for Carbon Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid Based on Practical Approaches and Theoretical Calculations

Unraveling the Adsorption and Corrosion Resistance Mechanisms of Pyran-Pyrazole Analogs for Carbon Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid Based on Practical Approaches and Theoretical Calculations

Unveiling the adsorption and inhibition mechanism of thiadiazole derivatives for mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid based on experimental approaches and first-principles calculations

In this work, two eco-friendly thiadiazole derivatives, 5-amino-1,2,3-thiadiazole (AT) and N-phenyl-N-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yluree (thidiazuron, TDZ), were employed to alleviate the corrosion of mild steel in hydrochloric acid medium. Electrochemical tests show that compared to AT, TDZ exhibits a much better inhibitive effect with an inhibition efficiency of 98.95% at 0.6 mM. The introduced side chain with phenyl ring in TDZ molecule endues it with more adsorption sites, which facilitates the strong absorption of TDZ by the extra bonding of O atom and phenyl ring with steel surface. The DFT-based first-principles calculations indicate that AT and TDZ could adsorb on the steel surface through the thiadiazole ring, O atom and phenyl ring by forming Fe–S, Fe–N, Fe–O, and Fe–C bonds. The parallel adsorptions of AT and TDZ are more stable with more negative adsorption energy than their perpendicular adsorptions. Furthermore, the non-covalent interaction between AT/TDZ and H2O solvent molecules deteriorates their adsorptions on steel surface.

Weight Loss, Thermodynamics, SEM, and Electrochemical Studies on N-2-Methylbenzylidene-4-antipyrineamine as an Inhibitor for Mild Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid

The use of N-2-methylbenzylidene-4-antipyrineamine as an acid corrosion inhibitor for mild steel surfaces in hydrochloric acid is discussed in this article by means of weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. The experimental findings exhibited that N-2-methylbenzylidene-4-antipyrineamine is a significant corrosion inhibitor for the mild steel in 1.0 M HCl solution and that its protection efficiency touches the peak at 5 × 10–4 M, exhibiting 91.8% for N-2-methylbenzylidene-4-antipyrineamine. The inhibitory efficiency increases as the inhibitor concentration rises and reduces as the temperature rises. Temperature has a significant impact on corrosion and blocking activities, which is extensively examined and explained. According to the gravimetric results, the examined inhibitor inhibits mild steel surface corrosion by providing a barrier at the metal–hydrochloric acid medium interface. Thermodynamic characteristics were combined with a quantum chemistry investigation using density functional theory to provide more insight into the inhibitory effect mechanism. The tested inhibitor adsorbs on the mild steel surface based on Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm method.

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and prevention of carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid of a new bis-isoxazoline-carvone

A series of C(3)-mono-substituted isoxazoline of type mono- and bis-isoxazoline, have been prepared from (R)-carvone 1 in a two-step procedure. First, (R)-carvone was treated with O-methoxy-benzaldoxime via a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The resulting mono-isoxazoline 2 was then converted into bis-isoxazoline(3), followed by an optimization study on the yield by varying the number of the equivalent of O-methoxy-benzaldoxime. The structures of mono- and bis-isoxazoline(3) newly synthesized were fully identified based on their HRMS and NMR spectral data. The bis-isoxazoline compound was used to evaluate the anticorrosion effect. The inhibitory properties of bis-isoxazoline-carvone(3) were evaluated using a variety of methods including weight loss(wl), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), surface morphology analysis (SEM), quantum chemical calculations (DFT), and Monte Carlo simulation (MC). The results of (PDP) show that compound(3), which is a mixed type inhibitor, significantly reduces the corrosion rate of carbon steel (CS) through the creation of a protective film on the metal surface. According to EIS, SEM and theoretical studies, a bis-isoxazoline-carvone(3) is a better corrosion inhibitor with higher corrosion rates of about 92% at 298 K. The Langmuir isothermal model is the most appropriate to describe the adsorption of bis-isoxazoline-carvone(3) on the surface was mixed (chemisorption and physisorption).

Short report of corrosion inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid by 4-ethyl-1-(4-oxo-4-phenylbutanoyl) thiosemicarbazide

Short report of corrosion inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid by 4-ethyl-1-(4-oxo-4-phenylbutanoyl) thiosemicarbazide

Some imidazolines as inhibitors of steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

Some imidazolines as inhibitors of steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

New 3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-isoxazole-carvone: synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and prevention of carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

A novel mono-isoxazole was synthesized from (R)-Carvone and O-methoxy-benzaldoxime, via a [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. The newly obtained mono-isoxazole has been fully characterized by HRMS and NMR spectroscopy.3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-isoxazole-carvone (MIC) was synthesized and studied for its anti-corrosion effect on carbon steel in 1 M HCl at 298 K. The study was carried out using weight loss, electrochemical tests and surface analysis. It was found that 3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-isoxazole-carvone (MIC) has the best inhibition performance reaching up to 94% at 1.34 mM, the polarization curves demonstrate that the investigated molecule acts as a mixed type inhibitor with a cathodic predominance.The MIC adsorbed chemically and physically on the surface of carbon steel and followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. DFT method was used to investigate the global and local reactivity of our compound and also it's behaviour when complexing with one iron atom. The molecular dynamics simulation results show that MIC compound can adsorb on the iron (110) surface through the oxygen and nitrogen atoms as well as p-electrons in the Phenyl ring.

The influence of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Garcinia cambogia fruit rind in the management of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid: Theoretical and electroanalytical studies

The work focuses on the corrosion inhibition behavior of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Garcinia Cambogia fruit rind (GCW and GCA) for the mild steel in an acid environment. Garcinia cambogia is a medicinal plant, whose corrosion inhibition property is evaluating for the first time in this study. Since the plant is readily available, eco-friendly, and cost-effective is considered as a good candidate for corrosion inhibition. The fruit rind of Garcinia Cambogia is rich in cyanidin, garcinol, and many organic acids including hydroxy citric acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid and tartaric acid and hence the extracts are slightly acidic with a pH of around 5. Under this pH condition cyanidin shows a single peak at 287 nm. Cyanidins like other anthocyanins exists in various structural forms in aqueous solution depending on the pH of the solution and at a pH, about 5.5 it changes to the colorless hemiacetal form from flavylium cationic form, with a band around 280–290 nm. But the alcoholic extract shows an absorption maximum at 208 nm representing the presence of hydroxy citric acid in the extract. It also exhibits a shoulder peak at 284.49 nm confirming the presence of cyanidin in the alcoholic extract too. Hence the presence of these compounds was confirmed through the IR and UV spectral studies. The electronic spectra confirm the literature saying that the GCW is enriched with cyanidin while GCA contains mainly hydroxy citric acid as the major active constituent along with a smaller fraction of cyanidin, which make them efficient inhibitor systems. The inhibition efficiency of both GCW and GCA for mild steel in HCl was initially evaluated through theoretical calculations and then experimentally using impedance spectroscopy and polarization analysis. It is found that 4(V/V %) GCW has an efficiency of 91.50% at room temperature and the same concentration of GCA has 92.85% efficiency, validating the better inhibition ability of GCA than GCW in acidic medium. Tafel polarization studies recommend that the inhibition ability of GCW on mild steel corrosion is by retarding the cathodic evolution process of hydrogen while for GCA, the inhibition is through resisting the anodic dissolution process of the metal. Hence Tafel studies suggest mixed-type inhibition nature for the extracts towards mild steel corrosion. The adsorption active components of the extracts follow Langmuir monolayer adsorption. Theoretical studies support the effective role of the active constituents of the extract and their adsorption on the metal surface through co-ordinate type interaction and back donation of electrons from the metal to the inhibitor molecules. Surface studies support the inference that the adsorption of the active species of GCW and GCA on the metallic surface with greater tendency for GCA.

Insights into the inhibition mechanism of 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole for carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid pickling via experimental and computational approaches

The addition of 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (4-POX) as organic corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel (CS) in 1 M HCl solution was assessed exploiting weight loss and electrochemical measurements as well as surface analyses. The gravimetric results showed that the 4-POX presents excellent anticorrosive properties on CS substrate, and its inhibition performance, ƞ(%), augmented with the 4-POX concentration to reach a maximum value of 93.6% at 1 mM afterwards 6 h embedding in 1 M HCl at 303 K. The AC impedance findings revealed that the addition of 4-POX to the corrosive medium leads to a decrease of the charge capacitance resulting in a systematic improve of the interface charge/discharge function and forms an adsorbed layer over the metal surface. Furthermore, SEM, water contact angle and XPS methods supported the development of a protective film over CS substrate surface afterwards addition of 4-POX. DFT calculations and MD simulations of 2,5-bis(n-pyridyl)-1,3,4 oxadiazole (n = 2, 3 and 4) derivatives were exploited to get better insight, about structural and electronic effects in relation to the anticorrosion properties and to envisage the interactions of the investigated inhibitors with metal surface atoms along with corrosive species. The cytotoxicity of 4-POX was also determined using the cell culture system.

Experimental and surface morphological studies of corrosion inhibition on carbon steel in HCl solution using some new hydrazide derivatives.

The corrosion inhibition of C-steel in 1 M HCl was assessed using three newly synthesized hydrazide derivatives (H1, H2 and H3) using weight loss (WL), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Also, the adsorption of these compounds was confirmed using several techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). High inhibition efficiencies were obtained resulting from the constitution of the protective layer on the C-steel surface, which increased with increasing concentration and temperature and reached 91.7 to 96.5% as obtained from the chemical method at 20 × 10−6 M at 45 °C. The polarization curves refer to these derivatives belonging to mixed-type inhibitors. The adsorption of (H1, H2 and H3)on the CS surface follows the Temkin adsorption isotherm. Inhibition influence of hydrazide derivatives at the molecular level was greatly proven using quantum chemical calculations and Monte Carlo simulation methods. Furthermore, the molecular simulation results evidenced the adsorption of these derivatives on the carbon steel surface.

Research of Lilium brownii leaves extract as a commendable and green inhibitor for X70 steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

Here, to restrain the corrosion of X70 steel in the pickling process (1 M HCl solution), an extract of Lilium brownii leaves is developed to boost the corrosion inhibition performance via a facile pure water extraction method. The extract of Lilium brownii leaves exhibits a corrosion efficiency of about 85% at 200 mg/L at all tested temperatures of 298 K, 303 K, and 308 K, which reveals that the developed extract significantly restrains the corrosion of X70 steel. Further, its corrosion inhibition mechanism, especially the adsorption model, the relationship of structure-function, and the adsorption configuration, is elucidated. A comprehensive study suggests that the extract is a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor with physical and chemical adsorption, consisting with Langmuir adsorption model. Particularly, quantum chemistry and molecular dynamics calculations are performed for the four main molecules in the developed extract to further reveal the adsorption mechanism. Meanwhile, this work can enlighten and promote the development of a high-performance green inhibitor in future applications of pickling solutions.

Study of Kinetics and Inhibition Efficiency by Isoquinoline-5-Carboxaldehyde for Carbon Steel Corrosion in HCl

In this paper, a study of kinetics and inhibition efficiency by isoquinoline-5-carboxaldehyde of carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid is conducted. The method of weight loss and hydrogen gas evolution was used with various inhibitor concentrations ranging from 150-450 parts per million with several temperatures from 40-60°C. Our results showed that increasing inhibitor concentrations and temperature led to an increase in the inhibition efficiency; this indicates both the adsorption of a film layer on a metal surface and the efficacy of the inhibitor by the attendance of oxygen and nitrogen atoms that have an active part in the adsorption process. In this study entropy, activation, and enthalpy energy were calculated.

Experimental and computational studies on propanone derivatives of quinoxalin-6-yl-4,5-dihydropyrazole as inhibitors of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

Two quinoxaline-based propanones, 1-[3-(3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl]propan-1-one (Mt-3-PQPP) and 1-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-1-one (Cl-4-PQPP) were tested as inhibitors of mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl using both experimental and computational approaches. Both compounds were found to retard corrosion rate of mild steel in the studied medium. Mt-3-PQPP and Cl-4-PQPP exhibited mixed-type inhibitive action, reducing the rate of anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions, as suggested by Tafel polarization measurements. Adsorbed molecules of Mt-3-PQPP and Cl-4-PQPP formed pseudo-capacitive film on mild steel surface in 1 M HCl as proposed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. Adsorption surface coverage data were fitted into the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the evaluated thermodynamic parameters suggested chemisorption for Mt-3-PQPP and competitive physisorption and chemisorption for Cl-4-PQPP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses further revealed that adsorbed film of the inhibitor molecules protected the steel from direct exposure to acidic ions. Quantum chemical calculations suggested that higher corrosion inhibition efficiency of Mt-3-PQPP compared to Cl-4-PQPP molecule is due to the higher electron donating tendency of the former. Mt-3-PQPP molecule also showed higher protonation tendency in the acid than Cl-4-PQPP and its protonated form showed better corrosion inhibition potentials than that of Cl-4-PQPP. Monte Carlo simulation of the adsorption of Mt-3-PQPP and Cl-4-PQPP molecules on Fe(1 1 0) surface also confirmed higher adsorption energy for the former.

Effect of Structural Changes on Corrosion Inhibition Behavior of Synthesized N2O4 Imine Compounds for Steel Pipelines in Oil and Gas Wells

The inhibition properties of synthesized imine compounds N,Nʹ-bis(2,4-dihydroxyhydroxybenzaldehyde)-1,3-Propandiimine, N, N′-bis(2,4-dihydroxypropiophenone)-2,2-dimethylpropandiimine, N,Nʹ-bis(2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone)-1,3-Propandiimine has been investigated for API-5L-X65 steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid by scanning electron microscopy, potentiodynamic polarization and impedance spectroscopy. Aqueous hydrochloric acid was applied to simulate the oil and gas well acidizing fluid. Potentiodynamic polarization studies indicated that compounds retard both the anodic and cathodic reactions through adsorption and blocking the active corrosion sites. The inhibition efficiency increased with inhibitor concentration. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data were studied by equivalent circuit and showed that with increasing inhibitor concentration, the resistance of charge transfer enhanced and the capacitance of double layer reduced. The measured data proposed that the inhibition efficacy was increased for inhibitor in the absence of alkyl addition. The geometrical steric hindrance offered by the alkyl groups in the imine compounds plays an important role in its corrosion inhibition properties. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the steel surface with and without inhibitors.

Highly effective inhibition of mild steel corrosion in HCl solution by using pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles

Pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles are reported herein for the first time as effective inhibitors of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid.

Защитное последействие ингибитора ИФХАН-92 при коррозии хромоникелевой стали в соляной кислоте

Защитное последействие ингибитора ИФХАН-92 при коррозии хромоникелевой стали в соляной кислоте

Investigation of Inhibition Effect of Ketoconazole on Mild Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid

Investigation of Inhibition Effect of Ketoconazole on Mild Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid

Effect of Mentha Piperita essential oil on mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

Effect of Mentha Piperita essential oil on mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

Enhanced inhibitive performance of fluoro-substituted imidazolium-based ionic liquid for mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid at elevated temperature

In this work, two imidazolium-based ionic liquids 1-(2-aminoethyl)-1-dodecyl-2-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-ium chloride ([ADMDI]Cl) and 1-(2-aminoethyl)-1-dodecyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-ium chloride ([ADTDI]Cl) were synthesized for the first time and their inhibitive effects on the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution at elevated temperature were investigated by experimental and theoretical methods. The results of weight loss tests show the studied ionic liquids (ILs) can effectively retard the serious corrosion of mild steel and that the greatest efficiencies obtained at 368 K are 86.3% for [ADMDI]Cl and 92.7% for [ADTDI]Cl. Potentiodynamic polarization curves suggest those compounds act as cathodic-type inhibitors and that [ADTDI]Cl has the better inhibiting performance than [ADMDI]Cl, especially at low concentration. It is indicated by the study of scanning electron microscope (SEM) that both the surface morphology and the internal structure of mild steel samples are severely damaged by the corrosive environment at 368 K. However, such bad situation is greatly improved by using IL additives. The higher inhibition efficiency of fluoro-substituted IL proved by experimental results can be explained by theoretical studies. The data of quantum chemical calculations show the introduction of fluoro group can increase the amount of free electrons transferred from IL molecule to the vacant d-orbital of Fe atom and strengthen the dipole–dipole interaction between inhibitor and metal surface. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations suggest [ADTDI]Cl has the higher adsorption energy than [ADMDI]Cl, which also confirms the better performance of the former as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acid environment at elevated temperature.

Low cost aqueous extract of Pisum sativum peels for inhibition of mild steel corrosion

This work investigates the potential of Pisum sativum (green pea) peels for the inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid (HCl) at varied temperatures. Various techniques, like weight loss measurements, tafel polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), UV–visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), have been used to test the inhibition properties of aqueous Pisum sativum peels extract (APSPE) in acid media. The results indicate that APSPE effectively inhibits the corrosion of mild steel by covering the active corrosion sites on the mild steel surface and thus lowers the electrochemical activity of the surface exposed in HCl solution. The maximum inhibition efficiencies of APSPE system at 400 mg L−1 concentration in 1 M HCl are reported as: 91%, weight loss; 87% polarization curves; and 90% by EIS. The corrosion behavior of mild steel in presence of APSPE has also been investigated in the range of 1 to 4 M HCl at room temperature as well as at varied temperatures (303−333 K) in 1 M HCl. The process of mild steel corrosion inhibition in HCl by APSPE has been explained by ion chromatography analysis and DFT calculations.