Correlation Statistical Tests Research Articles

Relationship Between The Incidence Of Hypertension And Triglyceride Levels In Bus Drivers At Arjosari Terminal, Malang City

Hypertension is a health problem that is widely encountered in the community and correlates with other diseases. There are many factors that cause hypertension, one of which is abnormal triglyceride levels or hypertriglycerides. Higher levels of triglycerides will inhibit the occurrence of lipogenesis. Lipogenesis is a factor that causes hypertension from food intake, this is because food has a significant role in increasing blood pressure, especially protein and fat. This study aims to determine the relationship between triglyceride levels and hypertension. This type of research is an analytical research with the crosssectional method, statistical data analysis using correlation regression, the number of population as many as 50 respondents and the sample used as many as 21 respondents. Data collection using questionnaires, blood pressure measurements and triglyceride level checks. Blood pressure measurement is done manually and then for the examination of triglyceride levels using the GPO-PAP method is carried out in the laboratory of the Bareng Health Center using a spectrophotometer. The statistical analysis used is the correlation Pearson test. The results of the study on bus drivers with high blood pressure showed that some respondents had high triglyceride levels because they often ate fatty foods. Based on the examination that has been carried out on 21 bus driver respondents at the Arjosari Terminal, Malang City, it shows that triglyceride levels and high blood pressure have no relationship, with the test results using the Pearson correlation statistical test obtained a result of P=0.0766 0.05 with a Pearson value of P=-0.069 correlation meaning that it does not have a relationship with the degree of very weak relationship.

The Effect of Tube Voltage Variations on CT Scan Image Quality at Prof. I G. N. G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

Aims: Knowing the SNR and CNR values obtained from the image results that have been varied in the tube voltage. Knowing the effect of variations in the tube voltage value on the quality of the CT scan image that will be produced. Place and Duration of Study: Radiology installation of Prof. I G. N. G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar from May 2024 to August 2024. Methodology: This study used a Canon Aquilion LB CT Scanner to scan a TOS phantom containing 6 materials (polypropylene, nylon, acrylic, derlin, air, and water) with varying tube voltages (80 kV, 100 kV, 120 kV, 135 kV). The data were analyzed using PSPP and Excel to calculate SNR and CNR, and statistical tests for normality, Pearson correlation, and simple regression were performed. Results: The image data analyzed includes the average value of the object ROI, the average ROI background, and the standard deviation of the background. The data is grouped based on the variation of the tube voltage, the average value and standard deviation of the ROI on each material, and the standard deviation of the background. The results obtained for the relationship between the variation of the tube voltage and the SNR value are that the tube voltage affects the SNR value by 94,02% in polypropylene, 97,79% in nylon, 97,71% in acrylic, 96,42% in derlin, and 94,22% in air. And for the relationship between the tube voltage and the CNR value, the tube voltage affects the CNR value by 93,65% in polypropylene, 97,35% in nylon, 96,81% in acrylic, 95,62% in derlin, and 94,65% in air. Conclusion: Selecting the right tube voltage is important to optimize CT scan image quality, with 120 kV and 135 kV recommended for organs such as the kidney, liver, and lungs as they produce better SNR and CNR. Organs with significant attenuation differences show increased SNR and CNR, while soft tissues such as fat experience decreased contrast at high voltages. The use of tube voltage must be adjusted to diagnostic needs and evaluated through quality control according to BAPETEN regulation Number 2 of 2018.

The Influence of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Usage, Age, Work Tenure on Workplace Accidents

Workplace accidents can reduce productivity, which occurs as a result of unsafe actions and unsafe conditions in the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of leather tanning in Magetan. Workplace accidents could be caused by workes low awareness of wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), as well as factors like age and work tenure on workplace accidents in the leather tanning SMEs in Magetan 2024. The research design employed an observational analytic method with a Cross-Sectional approach. The sample size consisted 66 people out of a population of 190, selected through proportional random sampling. The variables of PPE use, age, and work tenure, which were collected through observation and interviews, were then processed and analyzed using the Spearman Correlation statistical test (r2). The results indicated that the use of PPE, including masks,gloves, and boots, was at 36,4%, the proportion of workers aged over 30 years was 54,5%, and those with a work tenure over 5 years was 59,1%. The analysis showed that PPE use (p=0.000) and age (p=0.035) had an impact on workplace accidents, with a correlation value of p=0.232 more than 0.05. The study concluded that the use of PPE and the age of workers in the leather tanning SMEs in Magetan influenced workplace accidents. It is recommended that management provide complete PPE such as masks, boots, gloves and conduct regular monitoring of PPE use conditions. Additionally, workers should use PPE according to standars while performing their duties.

Impact of pain on functional status and quality of life in Jordanian women with breast cancer.

Currently, breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer affecting women, and the number of newly diagnosed cases continues to increase both in Jordan and globally. Upon receiving a cancer diagnosis, the suffering experienced by patients intensifies as they grapple with the debilitating side effects that hinder their ability to carry out routine activities. This study aims to assess the impact of cancer pain on functional status and quality of life (QOL) among Jordanian women with breast cancer. A descriptive cross-sectional design and structured interviews were conducted in the Oncology Unit at Al-Bashir Hospital with a sample of 150 eligible Jordanian women with breast cancer who provided data on pain and functional status, and QOL using four Arabic questionnaires (brief pain inventory, functional status SF-12 questionnaire, and quality of life index) to measure pain and functional status and QOL, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression statistical test were utilized to analyze the study data. A Significant positive correlation (r = 0.342) was found between cancer pain and functional status interference, a significant negative correlation (r = -0.134) between quality of life and functional status interference, and a significant negative correlation (r = -0.211) between pain and quality of life. Patients with higher intensity of cancer pain are more likely to experience low functional status and poor QOL. Breast cancer patients experience alterations in their quality of life as a result of cancer-related pain, which has a detrimental impact on their ability to carry out daily activities and disrupts their functional abilities. Healthcare providers must take these alterations into account and effectively handle them. Understanding the relationship between cancer pain and breast cancer can aid nurses in managing symptoms and providing holistic care, ultimately improving the quality of life.

Hubungan Asupan Zat Gizi Makro dengan Siklus Menstruasi pada Remaja Putri SMK Negeri 2 Tuban

Menstruation is the decay of the uterine wall or accompanied by bleeding due to the absence of fertilization. Menstrual cycle disorders are caused by several factors including stress, endocrine disorders, diet, nutritional status, nutrient intake, physical activity and sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between macronutrient intake and menstrual cycle female adolescents of SMK Negeri 2 Tuban. Analytical research method with cross sectional approach. The sample in this study was adolescent girls of SMK Negeri 2 Tuban totaling 201 respondents, as samples randomited by simple random sampling echniquel. Independent variable of macronutrients and dependent variable of menstrual cycle. The analysis in this study used the spearmans correlation statistical test. The results showed that energy and carbohydrate intake was almost half normal at 47.3% and 43.8%. While the protein intake is mostly normal at 57.2% and fat intake is almost half experiencing excess intake at 44.3%. Statistical test results were obtained (p < 0.05), energy intake (p = 0.000), protein intake (p = 0.003), fat intake (p = 0.000) , and carbohydrate intake (p = 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between macronutrient intake and menstrual cycle in adolescent girls of SMK Negeri 2 Tuban.

Perception of Efficiency in Care: A Study of Time Management and Discharge Planning from Nurses and Patients in Hospital Medical Units

Background: Effective time management and efficient discharge planning are crucial for high-quality hospital patient care. This study aimed to understand the perceptions of nurses and patients regarding these aspects to identify areas for improvement. Method: A survey was conducted with 45 nurses and 60 patients in a hospital setting. The nurses’ surveys focused on their experiences with call bell responsiveness, medication administration, and discharge planning. Patient surveys evaluated their perception of nurses’ responsiveness and involvement in the discharge process. Statistical analysis, including ANOVA and correlation tests, was used to assess the data. Results: Nurses reported mixed experiences with call bell response times and varied capabilities for timely medication administration. Challenges included disruptions from call bells, delays in medication delivery, and constraints in discharge discussions and planning. In contrast, patients generally viewed nurses as prompt and attentive, with satisfactory timeliness of care. However, patients expressed dissatisfaction with discharge education. No significant correlations were found between the demographics and perceptions of either group. Conclusion: This study highlights the disparity between nurses' experiences and patients' perceptions of hospital time management and discharge planning. It underscores the need for improved processes and communication strategies to align nurses’ capabilities with patients’ expectations, thereby enhancing overall patient care and satisfaction.

Study on the Psychological Factor Within the Middle School Footbal Team

The psychological factor is one of the least exploited aspects of football. In sports, developing performance capacity is the primary objective of training. Maintaining motivation and achieving performance are the foundations of the educational-instructional process and have great value as outcomes both individually and for the team. Research hypotheses. (H1). It is assumed that the members of the national football team have average/above-average emotional intelligence (test score => 100), significantly different from the rest of the students in grades VII-VIII, because teamwork and the psychological training included in the preparation develop the mental qualities and properties of the students who play football. (H2). It is assumed that there is a significant correlation between emotional intelligence and the performance of students in the experimental group. Research methods. In the present research, the initial testing was carried out among students in grades VII-VIII and the national football team (February 2024 – May 2024). This research was conducted at “Sf. Ilie” General School in Toplița. The research subjects were 68 students, 35 females and 33 males. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used, and the following methods were chosen: observation, emotional intelligence test (Roco, 2001), performance test (ball sense, heading the ball, complex test, shooting at two goals, bilateral game), and statistical analysis (t-test). Results. The level of emotional intelligence of the students is 86 and 81 in the national football team, below average, which raises a red flag. At the level of the national football team, a strong self-awareness among the students is noted. This indicator has the highest score, 500, far ahead of empathy (-180) and very far ahead of social skills (-360). After applying to the middle school team's training program, we see a significant increase in the level of emotional intelligence. The correlation statistical test and the t-test show a correlation of r=0.86 and a significance of p=0.00 between the initial and final test results. The Pearson correlation shows a strong link between emotional intelligence and the bilateral game (r=0.76), but does not show a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and the other performance indicators. To confirm if the value of r is statistically significant, i.e., if the two variables are correlated, the t-value was calculated. Conclusions. This research confirms that the psychological factor cannot be absent from the preparation of school representative teams. It was confirmed that a high level of emotional intelligence improves the performance of football players, especially in team play, increasing group cohesion. Keywords: football, psychological factor, performance, athletes, school team

Plasma Livestock Participation Level in Patterns of Broiler Partnership in West Lombok District

This research aims to determine the characteristics of plasma farmers, the level of participation of plasma farmers, and the correlation between the characteristics and the level of participation of plasma farmers in partnership pattern broiler chicken farming businesses in West Lombok Regency. Three sub-districts in West Lombok Regency, namely, Gerung Sub-district, Lingsar Sub-district and Sheet Sub-district were chosen as sample locations purposively, taking into account that there were breeders who had at least two years of experience as plasma breeders in the partnership pattern broiler chicken farming business. All plasma breeders who met these requirements, namely 18 people, were taken as respondents. Primary data collection was carried out using interviews and direct observation at the location of the farmer's farm. The collected data was analyzed using a scoring system and the Spearman Rank correlation statistical test. The results of the research show that the level of farmer participation in the partnership pattern broiler chicken farming business is classified as moderate, and the correlation of characteristics with the level of farmer participation, only the number of family dependents and the experience factor as a plasma farmer are significant (p<0.05) with a correlation coefficient (rs) -0.656 and 0.567 respectively.

Hubungan Kepuasan Tenaga Kesehatan dalam Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Management Puskesmas (Simpus) di Puskesmas Pakuniran Kecamatan Pakuniran Kabupaten Probolinggo

Introduction: Simpus puskesmas management application that simplifies and speeds up services to manage patient information starting from registration, registration, examination (diagnosis) and patient care. The satisfaction of health workers, the response or feedback from users about the use of the system, as well as the assessment of the good and bad sides of the system, is the starting point for system developers to improve the performance of the information system built. Purpose of the study: To determine the relationship between satisfaction of health workers in the use of the puskesmas management information system (Simpus) at the Pakuniran health center. Method: This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach using Nonprobability sampling technique using Total sampling technique using statistical test Spearman's rho correlation, with data collection instruments using questionnaires. This research was conducted at the Pakuniraan health center in July 2023. Research Results: The results of the spearman rank correlation statistical test obtained results namely (p = 0.000) because the p value <0.05 then Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted Conclusion: that there is a relationship between health worker satisfaction in using the puskesmas management information system (SIMPUS), which means that the better and more appropriate the puskesmas management information system, the higher the level of health worker satisfaction.

Learning Style Factors in Achieving Mathematical Computational Thinking Ability in Mathematics Education Students

Learning styles refer to the methods students use in absorbing and processing information. This study aims to look at learning style factors in the achievement of mathematical computational thinking skills of mathematics education students in the Algebraic Structure course. This research method is a correlational method with a quantitative approach. The research subjects were all mathematics education students who took the Algebraic Structure course in the 2023/2024 academic year as many as 34 students. The data collection methods used include: (1) computational thinking test; (2) questionnaire; and (3) documentation. The research data were processed with the Product Moment correlation statistical test. The results obtained a positive correlation of 0.44 which indicates that there is a positive relationship between learning styles and computational thinking in the observed students. That is, overall, individuals who have a more effective or intensive learning style also tend to have better computational thinking ability.

Relationship Between Sexual Dysfunction and Quality of Life in Psychiatric Patients Receiving Regular Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a significant issue among psychiatric patients on psychotropic medications. This study aims to compare SD in patients using antipsychotics and antidepressants. To evaluate the prevalence of SD and its effect on the quality of life among psychiatric patients on medications. A cross-sectional study had been conducted with 150 participants (50 with schizophrenia, 50 with affective disorders, and 50 controls). SD was evaluated employing the Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (PRSexDQ) and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX). The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) was used to measure the quality of life. Data analysis techniques included Spearman's correlation test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, and descriptive statistics. SD prevalence was 42% in affective disorders, 64% in schizophrenia, and 18% in controls. SD significantly correlated with a longer duration of psychotropic use and negatively impacted quality of life. SD is prevalent among psychiatric patients on long-term medication, highlighting the need for strategies to manage these side effects.

Ta'zîzu Dâfi'iyyati Thullâbi Riyâdh al-Athfâl li Tathwîri Mahârât al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah al-Syafawiyyah min Khilâli Barâmiji al-Ta'lîm al-Mukatstsaf

This research study was motivated by several key factors. Firstly, the Arabic language holds great religious and cultural significance in Indonesia, as it is a core component of Islamic identity and practice, particularly in the context of Quranic education for children. However, many students at Quranic preschools struggle with developing proficiency in spoken Arabic. Additionally, educational literature emphasizes the critical role of student motivation in facilitating effective language learning outcomes. Therefore, it was important to investigate the factors influencing students' motivation to learn Arabic in this specific educational setting. Moreover, most prior research in this field has been conducted in non-Indonesian contexts, necessitating localized studies to explore the nuances of the Indonesian educational dynamics. Ultimately, this research aimed to help address the gaps in the existing body of knowledge around Arabic language instruction in Indonesian Quranic preschools. The researcher employed a quantitative approach and simple linear regression to analyze data collected from interviews, observations and questionnaires. Statistical tests of validity, reliability, normality, linearity and correlation were performed on the questionnaire data using SPSS. The iresults ishowed ithat iintensive Arabic classes had a significant effect on students' motivation to learn speaking skills, as idemonstrated iby ia ip-value iof iless ithan i0.05. Regression analysis further reported that these classes influenced motivation by 33.1%, as indicated by the R-squared value. Therefore, the intensive language exposure appeared to positively impact the kindergarteners' drive to develop their Arabic communication abilities.

Correlation Between Livable Housing, BCG Immunization Coverage, and Population Density with Child Tuberculosis Incidence in East Java Province 2020-2022

Introduction: Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria can cause tuberculosis disease. In 2022, East Java Province reported 8,398 cases of child tuberculosis with a discovery coverage of 105.6%. This study aims to describe the distribution of child tuberculosis incidence in East Java Province by mapping and analyzing the correlation between livable houses, BCG immunization coverage, and population density with the incidence of child tuberculosis in 38 districts/cities in East Java Province from 2020 to 2022. Methods: This was a descriptive approach with a population correlation study design using the Spearman correlation statistical test. Secondary records from the East Java Health Profile 2020, 2021, and 2022 were used in this study. Thirty-eight districts/cities in the province of East Java comprised the study's population. Results and Discussion: This study showed that there has been a positive correlation between BCG immunization coverage in 2020 (r=0.043); 2021 (r=0.140); 2022 (r=0.214) and population density 2020 (r=0.082); 2021 (r=0.102); and 2022 (r=0.174) with the incidence of child tuberculosis. Meanwhile, the correlation between livable houses and the incidence of child tuberculosis is negative in 2020 (r=-0.990) and 2022 (r=-0.047) but positive in 2021 (r=0.078). Conclusion: The increase in BCG immunization coverage and population density aligns with the increase in child tuberculosis cases. Meanwhile, an increase in the percentage of access to livable houses is followed by a decrease in the incidence of child tuberculosis.

Decision making for people living with HIV/AIDS using the theory of innovation diffusion model at the Western Provident Association Turen Foundation.

To describe how people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) make decisions using the diffusion of innovation theory model. Decisions occur when individual decision makers engage in activities that guide choices to adopt or reject a particular innovation. This is a descriptive analysis research using a survey method. Data collection was carried out using a decision making questionnaire. The subjects in this research were HIV/AIDS sufferers (PLWHA) who lived in Turen, Indonesia. The number of research subjects was 36 respondents obtained using the purposive sampling technique on January 2023. The research design used the correlation method with a cross sectional approach and the Spearman correlation coefficient statistical test. The research results show significance (2-tailed) of 0.934 (p>0.05). The correlation coefficient results are negative. Where the direction of the correlation produces showed a very weak relationship with a value of 0.014 and the results of the analysis between variables are not the same. This is because the persuasion stage was not tested in the analysis. Research shows that 8 (22.2%) patients rejected the decision making of PLWHA using the diffusion of innovation theory model at the Western Provident Association Turen Foundation, Turen, Indonesia, while 28 (77.7%) patients accepted it. It can be concluded that the majority of decisions made by HIV/AIDS patients at the ADIS Turen Peduli Warga Foundation are accepted. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS sufferers is at a good level, their decision making is mostly accepted and there is a meaningful relationship between knowledge and decision making in using a chatbot innovation. The suggestion from the research is that this chatbot innovation can be a source of further research and help provide education for PLWHA patients in everyday life.

Stochastic Character Mapping, Bayesian Model Selection, and Biosynthetic Pathways Shed New Light on the Evolution of Habitat Preference in Cyanobacteria.

Cyanobacteria are the only prokaryotes to have evolved oxygenic photosynthesis paving the way for complex life. Studying the evolution and ecological niche of cyanobacteria and their ancestors is crucial for understanding the intricate dynamics of biosphere evolution. These organisms frequently deal with environmental stressors such as salinity and drought, and they employ compatible solutes as a mechanism to cope with these challenges. Compatible solutes are small molecules that help maintain cellular osmotic balance in high salinity environments, such as marine waters. Their production plays a crucial role in salt tolerance, which, in turn, influences habitat preference. Among the five known compatible solutes produced by cyanobacteria (sucrose, trehalose, glucosylglycerol, glucosylglycerate, and glycine betaine), their synthesis varies between individual strains. In this study, we work in a Bayesian stochastic mapping framework, integrating multiple sources of information about compatible solute biosynthesis in order to predict the ancestral habitat preference of Cyanobacteria. Through extensive model selection analyses and statistical tests for correlation, we identify glucosylglycerol and glucosylglycerate as the most significantly correlated with habitat preference, while trehalose exhibits the weakest correlation. Additionally, glucosylglycerol, glucosylglycerate, and glycine betaine show high loss/gain rate ratios, indicating their potential role in adaptability, while sucrose and trehalose are less likely to be lost due to their additional cellular functions. Contrary to previous findings, our analyses predict that the last common ancestor of Cyanobacteria (living at around 3180 Ma) had a 97% probability of a high salinity habitat preference and was likely able to synthesise glucosylglycerol and glucosylglycerate. Nevertheless, cyanobacteria likely colonized low-salinity environments shortly after their origin, with an 89% probability of the first cyanobacterium with low-salinity habitat preference arising prior to the Great Oxygenation Event (2460 Ma). Stochastic mapping analyses provide evidence of cyanobacteria inhabiting early marine habitats, aiding in the interpretation of the geological record. Our age estimate of ~2590 Ma for the divergence of two major cyanobacterial clades (Macro- and Microcyanobacteria) suggests that these were likely significant contributors to primary productivity in marine habitats in the lead-up to the Great Oxygenation Event, and thus played a pivotal role in triggering the sudden increase in atmospheric oxygen.

The Effects of Environmental Values on Pro-Environmental Behavior and Attitude of Housewives in Rafsanjan, Southeast Area of Iran

Introduction: Indiscriminate consumption of energy, environmental pollution, and destruction of natural resources are among the most important issues related to pro-environmental behavior of people in society, and environmental values play an important role in shaping internal motivations of people about environmental issues. This study was conducted to determine the effects of environmental values on pro-environmental behavior and attitude of housewives in Rafsanjan, southeast area of Iran. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 housewives who were selected as random in health-care centers in Rafsanjan city. The data collection was done by a validated questionnaire regarding environmental values, attitude, and behavior. Pearson correlation, independent t-test, and ANOVA statistical tests were used to analyze data in SPSS.V22 software. Results: The mean score of environmental values was 3.37 ± 26.76 (89.2%), which was significant according to the level of education (p = 0.016). The mean score of attitude and environmental values was 6.88 ± 40.65 (81.3%) and 40.22 ± 5.66 (80.44%), respectively. Also, there was a significant relationship between the score of pro-environmental behaviors and the level of education (p = 0.012). Pearson's correlation showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between environmental values and attitudes (r = 0.239, p = 0.01) and pro-environmental behaviors (r = 0.146, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Based on the results, educated housewives believe more value for the environment, and have more appropriate pro-environmental behavior; thus, planning to sensitize society members, especially housewives, regarding the values of environmental protection through religious and cultural-based environmental education programs and increasing the level of education are recommended.

Hubungan Kelebihan Berat Badan Karyawan Dengan Peningkatan Kadar Kolesterol Di Balai Kesehatan Kebun Jatirono Kecamatan Kalibaru

This research reviews the relationship between body weight and increased cholesterol levels. This research was carried out at the Kebun Jatirono Health Center, Kalibaru District, Banyuwangi using observational analytical research and using cross-sectional measurements because in this research the researcher aims to determine the existence of a relationship between the two variables being studied by only observing without intervention on the variables to be studied and measurements or observations of respondents who were overweight were 22 employees or 73.3%. Then, most of the employees at the Kebun Jatirono Health Center, Kalibaru Banyuwangi District who were respondents experienced increased cholesterol levels, namely 14 people or 46.7% had moderate cholesterol levels. And there is a relationship between employee overweight and increased cholesterol levels at the Kebun Jatirono Health Center, Kalibaru Banyuwangi District. Using the Spearman Rank Correlation statistical test, the calculated ρ value = 0.573 > from the table ρ value = 5% Error Degree = 0.363 and 1% Error Degree = 0.478.

PLAYFULNESS AND TEACHER’S SELFEFFICACY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD TEACHERS

This study aims to determine the relationship between playfulness and self-efficacy among early childhood teachers. Playfulness is a personality trait that underlies an individual's tendency to be intrinsically motivated, have a clear orientation toward pleasure, and participate spontaneously and without restrictions. The method used in this research is quantitative research methods with a correlational research design. The tool to measure playfulness is the Adult Playfulness Traits Scale (APTS), which consists of 19 items and Norwegian Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale (NTSES) to measure teacher’s self-efficacy, which consists of 24 items. The subjects of this study (N=52 people) were early childhood teachers. The correlation statistical test in this study uses Pearson product-moment correlation to measure the relationship between variables through the correlation coefficient. The results revealed a significant correlation coefficient between playfulness and teacher's self-efficacy r = -0.398 and p = 0.003 < 0.01, indicating negative relationship between early childhood teachers’ playfulness and teacher’s self-efficacy. In other words, the higher the playfulness, the lower the teacher's self-efficacy among teachers. Hence, the importance of playfulness for teachers to build warm relationships with students in the classroom so that students feel safe, is inseparable from teacher competence which is based on beliefs about their own abilities or self-efficacy.

Dictionary-based sentiment analysis of monetary policy communication: on the applicability of lexicons

AbstractIn this study, we discuss central bank communication sentiments assessed using different dictionaries. Policy communication by monetary authorities is considered an essential additional policy tool. Various text-mining techniques could evaluate its sentiment. Dictionary methods are a prominent example here because they offer simplicity and are a starting point for applying more elaborate methods. We decided to test four lexicons: generic, economic and financial and two domain-specific lexicons to conclude on their applicability to assess the sentiments of monetary releases and provide recommendations for their further application. This study surveys four lexicons qualitatively and conducts a few exercises: lexicon content comparison, performance tests for highly positive and negative messages, and statistical tests of dictionary alignment and correlation. The sample covers small open economies implementing inflation targeting. The study concludes that all investigated dictionaries could be used for detecting central bank intentions: they do not return contradictory results. The choice among them for a particular study depends on the study’s setup and goals—as presented in our recommendations

PHYSICAL FITNESS AND BALANCE PERFORMANCE IN TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES: A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE YEARS 2016 AND 2022

Training routine is beneficial for people with intellectual disabilities, increasing their physical fitness, improving the balance and consequently reducing the risk of falls. However, during the COVID-19 breakdown, training restrictions could impair these benefits. This is a two-fold study aimed to compare the physical fitness performance and balance in table tennis athletes with intellectual disability (ID) during 2016 and 2022; and to analyse the association between the fitness and balance parameters. Table tennis athletes with ID, from both sexes and members of the Special Olympics Czech Republic, were assessed in 2016 (n=33) or 2022 (n=32). The FUNfitness protocol was used to measure the physical fitness parameters and balance (e.g., functional shoulder rotation, timed sit-to-stand test, partial sit-up test, handgrip test, single leg stance eyes open, single leg stance eyes closed). Comparison and correlation statistical tests were used (p<0.05). The physical fitness parameters and balance presented no statistically significant between the years (2016 vs 2022) or better results in 2022 (single leg stance, partial sit-up test). The correlation of physical fitness parameters and balance demonstrated that balance is positively related to flexibility (single leg stance eyes closed: r=0.32 and 0.58 for males and females, respectively) and lower limb strength (single leg stance eyes open: r=-0.31 and -0.52 for males and females, respectively). In conclusion, the development of flexibility and low limb strength in ID population can help improve the balance, and consequently minimize the risk of falls.