State Adherence Research Articles

Textbooks and Nationalist Values: Revitalizing Civic Learning in Nepali Schools

This study investigates the learning content of government school textbooks in Nepal, analyzing their political implications and their role in cultivating a national character. By considering the textbooks as cultural products, the research examines the learning content to explore how they contribute to the formation of national character. The content of the textbooks was purposefully selected and subjected to analysis using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The findings of the study reveal that the prescribed textbooks were crafted to promote the state's vision of national character by either emphasizing or downplaying specific values, ideologies, and belief systems, rather than fostering critical thinking and cognitive skills among learners. Three main trajectories were identified: the notion of being Gorkhali (synonymous with “Nepali”), reverence for the past, and the concept of national indivisibility. It is argued that the development of the learning content is not merely a pedagogical endeavor but also a political one, reflecting the state's adherence to dominant narratives. The study focused on analyzing the themes of civic learning and national character, without considering the perspectives of teachers and students regarding the content.

Drawing a line: Digital transnational repression against political exiles and host state sovereignty

AbstractAuthoritarian regimes increasingly resort to surveillance and malware attacks to extend their coercive reach into the territory of other states and silence dissidents abroad. Recent scholarship has examined the methods of digital transnational repression and their detrimental effects on the fundamental rights and security of targeted individuals. However, the broader normative and security dimensions of these practices remain underexplored, especially with regard to the states hosting the affected exiles. Addressing this gap, our article investigates digital transnational repression as a potential violation of host state sovereignty. Mobilising emerging research on digital sovereignty and cybersecurity, we argue that digital repression can violate host state sovereignty in that it constitutes extraterritorial enforcement jurisdiction; interferes with open debate and national self-determination; impedes the host state's adherence to fundamental norms of international humanitarian law; and undermines host state authority, domestic sovereignty, and integrative capacities. We outline possible pathways to counter digital transnational repression, focusing notably on distributed cyber deterrence, punitive measures like sanctions, and norms and regulations restricting the global proliferation of offensive cyber capabilities. Building on a post-territorial notion of sovereignty that centres on the effects of state actions in and beyond cyberspace, our article contributes to reflections on a human-centric approach to cybersecurity.

INVESTMENTS IN THE COAL INDUSTRY-FEATURES AND PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION

This article discusses the development, current situation and medium-term prospects of the Russian coal industry. The issues of the specifics of the industry, investment risks, as well as the legal regulation of investments at the present time are highlighted separately. Based on the current legislation, statistical data and scientific publications on the topic under consideration, the author comes to a number of conclusions regarding the current state, prospects, legal regulation and the appropriate type of investment in the coal industry. The article proves that every year the export component of coal will constantly increase, which is due both to the presence of gas fields on the territory of Russia, and, as a result, cheap gas, and the state's adherence to the basic principles of the «green economy». It is noted that the desire of developed countries to follow the «green economy» can negatively affect both the industry itself (since developed countries plan to reduce the actual use of coal in the economy) and the investment attractiveness of the industry, due to the negative attitude of potential investors to projects related to the coal industry due to the increasing spread of the principles of socially responsible and ESG investment. In the course of the research, the author, in addition to general scientific methods of synthesis and analysis, used such special methods as historical, comparative-legal, formal-legal.

Experiencing uncertain HIV treatment delivery in a transitional setting: qualitative study

Background. Advances in HIV treatment availability mean that the promise of highly active anti-retroviral treatment to turn HIV into a manageable chronic illness is becoming a reality for millions. However the mutability of the virus means that treatment adherence demands are high, and the supply of these life-saving treatments needs to be constant. The onus is generally placed on the individual to adhere, and there is little focus in research or policy on the state's adherence to delivering treatment consistently. Methods.We undertook in-depth qualitative interviews to explore the narratives of HIV treatment experience among 41 people living with HIV (PLHIV) infection and 18 HIV treatment service providers in Serbia and Montenegro, a transitional setting in which state delivered and funded HIV treatment is inconsistently available. Data were analysed inductively and thematically. Findings. Treatment shortages were common so the delivery of appropriate HIV treatment was not continuous. Access to reliable treatment and supply forecast information was weak and uneven. The insecure treatment situation fostered significant anxiety amongst PLHIV. Interpretation. In the absence of reliable and sustained treatment access, information and support, PLHIV absorb the anxieties of system failures. This uncertainty led to an individuation of “treatment”. PLHIV adopted rationing strategies to mediate their anxiety, energy and hope. This predominately resulted in varying forms of disengagement and neglect for social change. It is likely that this has significant negative implications for the promotion of HIV treatment advocacy and anti-stigma efforts.

Geographical Takes on Three Decades of Economic Reform in Australia

AbstractThe idea of an economy taking a geographical journey highlights the importance of changing spatialities and how these shape and result from economic change. It also focuses on the geographical scaling of key processes. Using these insights, this paper explores three decades of economic change in Australia in which the nation State has played a central role in the operation of markets and accumulation processes, albeit with dramatic shifts in the qualitative nature of that role. Such shifts have been crucial during the emergence of Australia's particular variety of neoliberalism. The paper explores the liberalisation of Australia's financial and corporate environment, trade policies and the industrial relations environment. The three cases suggest contradictions inherent in the State's adherence to a neoliberal reform agenda, in the name of globalisation, while facing: first, political needs to retain sovereignty over national security and tighten border protection; and second, multi‐scaled political processes including clashes with State governments grappling with regional and local impacts of change. There has been no simple roll‐out of neoliberalism in Australia since the mid 1990s. Geographical scales, constructed contingently by social and political agents, have contributed in fundamental ways to the power and direction of economic reform. Despite powerful re‐scalings to both global and local levels over the past three decades, there is no evidence of a diminished role for the nation State.

The rhetoric and the reality of rural deprivation

In the development of the rural deprivation debate in the U.K. in the early 1970s, the cause of rural deprivation was largely attributed to the imbalance in the allocation of state resources between urban and rural areas. In subsequent campaigns to redress that situation, much emphasis was placed on identifying specific ‘rural’ as opposed to ‘urban’ explanations for the problems facing rural populations. Evidence presented in this paper, however, illustrates the essentially aspatial nature of the deprivation experience. From a detailed household survey in a range of rural environments in England, deprivation was found to result as much from the socio-economic inequalities within rural society as it does from any perceived processes of territorial injustice in the allocation of Central Government financial support to local authorities. In the light of such findings, the paper questions the advisability of the state's adherence to spatial policies in the pursuit of solutions to the problems of the deprived in rural areas.

The British Airframe Industry and the State in the Interwar Period: A Comment

EW people would dispute the general conclusion arrived at by Mr Fearon in his essay on the relationship between the state and the British airframe industry in the inter-war period.2 There is a considerable body of literature relating to the same theme, most (but not all)3 of which he has cited, and which points to much the same conclusion: the condition of the British aircraft industry on the eve of rearmament in the middle 'thirties, and the quality and quantity of the aircraft it produced, could have been much better than they were had the state pursued more sensible and imaginative policies towards the industry in the preceding seventeen years. This is not to say that Mr Fearon has done no more than to restate the conventional wisdom: previous studies have been primarily concerned with the military implications of state aviation policy in terms of Britain's preparedness for war in the late 'thirties and have not, on the whole, seriously explored the impact on the structure and organization of the airframe industry, as he has done. But while it is difficult to disagree with Mr Fearon in a general way that there was room for improvement in the fruits of the relationship between the state and the aircraft industry in the period he reviews, there does appear to be scope for further discussion on important points of detail. Specifically there appear to be three areas in which his views might be open to question. One wonders if the extent of Britain's backwardness in certain aspects of aircraft development was really as great as he suggests; if his interpretation of some of the policies followed by the state is entirely accurate; and, most important perhaps, if the state's adherence to other policies-such as are suggested by Mr Fearon himself-would materially have improved the aircraft industry's situation.

Domestic Conflict and the Origins of the First World War: The British and the German Cases

Previous articleNext article No AccessDomestic Conflict and the Origins of the First World War: The British and the German CasesMichael R. GordonMichael R. Gordon Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 46, Number 2Jun., 1974 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/241205 Views: 70Total views on this site Citations: 26Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1974 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Ryan Powers, Jonathan Renshon International Status Concerns and Domestic Support for Political Leaders, American Journal of Political Science 27 (Dec 2021).https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12689Matteo Millan Belle Epoque in Arms? Armed Associations and Processes of Democratization in Pre-1914 Europe, The Journal of Modern History 93, no.33 (Sep 2021): 599–635.https://doi.org/10.1086/715438Justin Rosenberg Results and prospects: an introduction to the CRIA special issue on UCD, Cambridge Review of International Affairs 34, no.22 (Mar 2021): 146–163.https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2021.1890694Mika Aaltola The Thucydidean Brink, (Aug 2020): 21–60.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54602-1_2Justin Rosenberg, Chris Boyle Understanding 2016: China, Brexit and Trump in the history of uneven and combined development, Journal of Historical Sociology 32, no.11 (Mar 2019): e32–e58.https://doi.org/10.1111/johs.12217Benjamin O. Fordham , International Organization 73, no.0202 ( 2019): 435.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818318000449 8 Bibliografie, (Sep 2018): 423–444.https://doi.org/10.7788/9783412512569.423Ja Ian Chong, Todd H. Hall The Lessons of 1914 for East Asia Today: Missing the Trees for the Forest, International Security 39, no.11 (Jul 2014): 7–43.https://doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00165Etel Solingen Domestic Coalitions, Internationalization, and War: Then and Now, International Security 39, no.11 (Jul 2014): 44–70.https://doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00168Dale C. Copeland International relations theory and the three great puzzles of the First World War, (Mar 2014): 167–198.https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107336995.011A. 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Papayoanou, Scott L. Kastner Sleeping with the (potential) enemy: Assessing the U.S. policy of engagement with China, Security Studies 9, no.1-21-2 (Sep 1999): 157–187.https://doi.org/10.1080/09636419908429398Shmuel Sandler Ethnonationalism and the foreign policy of nation‐states, Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 1, no.22 (Jun 1995): 250–269.https://doi.org/10.1080/13537119508428431David Carment, Patrick James Internal Constraints and Interstate Ethnic Conflict, Journal of Conflict Resolution 39, no.11 (Jul 2016): 82–109.https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002795039001004Niall Ferguson Germany and the origins of the First World War: new perspectives, The Historical Journal 35, no.33 (Mar 2010): 725–752.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X0002608XTimothy J. McKeown The foreign policy of a declining power, International Organization 45, no.22 (May 2009): 257–279.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300033087Harald Müller, Thomas Risse-Kappen Internationale Umwelt, gesellschaftliches Umfeld und außenpolitischer Prozeß in liberaldemokratischen Industrienationen, (Jan 1990): 375–400.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-88719-1_17Woodruff Smith, Sharon A. Turner Legislative Behavior in the German Reichstag, 1898–1906, Central European History 14, no.11 (Dec 2008): 3–29.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008938900000777Thomas E. Willey Liberal Historians and the German Professoriat: A Consideration of Some Recent Books on German Thought, Central European History 9, no.22 (Dec 2008): 184–197.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008938900018161George W. Johnson Abstracts of Documents in this Supplement, (Jan 1976): 1–482.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-5172-4_1Michael Mann Empirical culmination – over the top: Geopolitics, class struggle, and World War I, (): 740–802.https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139381314.023