State Institution Research Articles

Development of the skill of dosed pressure in doctors in the process of professional retraining in the speciality «Osteopathy»

Introduction. The main instrument of diagnosis and treatment for an osteopathic physician is the hands. In the process of professional retraining in the speciality of osteopathy, doctors master various types of palpation and hundreds of osteopathic correction techniques, which require various strictly dosed pressure forces on tissues.The goal of the study is to research the development of pressure force dosing skill in primary retraining trainees in osteopathy during training.Materials and methods. The cohort prospective study was conducted during 2022–2024. The object of the study was the students of the professional retraining cycle in the speciality «Osteopathy» at the Institute of Osteopathy (Saint-Petersburg) — 15 people aged 32–65 years (median — 51 years), 8 men and 7 women. The survey was conducted 4 times: at the end of the 2nd course, in the fi rst and second half of the 3rd course and in the 4th course. Also during 2023, a cohort one-time survey of 16 doctors working in various specialities in the Lipetsk State Institution of Health Care № 4 «Lipetsk-Med» was conducted. This control group included doctors with work experience of at least 3 years, there were 10 men and 6 women aged 30 to 60 years (median 49 years), and according to these indicators, as well as work experience, there were no statistically signifi cant differences from the main group of osteopathy trainees (p>0,05). The subjects pressed their hand on the electronic scales and achieved weights of 30; 250; 800 g. They pressed the scales once with open eyes and saw the result, then tried to repeat it three times with closed eyes. The arithmetic mean was calculated from the three values and then the target weight was subtracted from it and the deviation from it was obtained in absolute numbers (g) and in %. Results. The survey of the cadets of primary retraining in the speciality «Osteopathy» at the end of the 2nd year of training, and doctors from the control group, showed that the future osteopaths demonstrated statistically significantly (p<0,05) smaller error (p<0,05) when trying to reproduce the weight of 30 g (from 0 to 220 g, median 50 g) and 250 g (from –190 to 350 g, median 41 g) from the doctors of the control group (respectively from 20 to 200 g, median 90 g and from –70 to 260 g, median 75 g). At the same time, physicians of both groups were more often mistaken in the larger direction. Calculating the % deviations from the target weight showed that for both groups of physicians, the minimum weight of 30 g was the most difficult to reproduce and the maximum weight of 800 g was the easiest. The relative values of deviations from the target weight were statistically significantly lower in the group of future osteopaths (p<0,05). In the process of training doctors on the course of professional retraining in osteopathy, the absolute values of deviations from the target weight systematically decreased, for the weights of 30 g (p=0,001) and 800 g (p=0,041) these changes were statistically significant. The most pronounced dynamics was observed for the improvement of the 30 g weight set. Men were more accurate in 800 g weight set, women were more accurate in 250 g weight set. The dynamics of the skill of dosing the 30 g pressure force showed similar results regardless of gender. In the experimental group, 9 people had been using manual therapy techniques in their medical practice for 3 to 17 years before the training. Calculation of correlations between the number of years of chiropractic practice and absolute deviations from the target weight showed low values of correlation coefficients in all courses of training (p>0,05).Conclusion. The skill of dosed pressure is better developed in the trainees of the 2nd year of the professional retraining course in osteopathy than in doctors who are not trained in osteopathy. In the process of osteopathic training, the skill of dosed pressure improves. Its development was independent of years of chiropractic practice, and little influenced by gender. The most pronounced progress occurred on the small (p=0,001) and large scales (p=0,041) in the 4th year of training.

Новые направления трудовой миграции из Таджикистана: на примере Великобритании

Introduction. Tajikistan is one of the few countries in the world whose state budget is largely based on tax revenues from remittances from citizens working abroad. The deterioration of the economic situation in Russia has forced migrants to look for a new direction of labor migration. In particular, the Government of Tajikistan itself is interested in reorienting migrants to a new direction. In 2021, Tajikistan signed an employment agreement with the United Kingdom (UK) and the Republic of Korea to send seasonal migrants. Goals. The article aims to identify the prospects and trends in the development of labor emigration from Tajikistan to the UK, as well as the features and channels of seasonal migration from Tajikistan to the UK. Materials and methods. In this study, statistical and sociological research methods are used. The statistics includes numbers of seasonal migrants from Tajikistan for a variety of years. A content analysis of interviews with labor migrants to the UK has been conducted. The analytical method includes systematization of the materials of recruitment agencies’ websites and bilateral agreements of the Republic of Tajikistan with foreign countries. The data are provided by the Agency on Statistics under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, the National Statistical Service of Great Britain, World Bank, International Organization for Migration (IOM). Currently, the Agency on Statistics under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan has information on the unemployment rate in the country, the economically active population, as well as the number of Tajik migrants until 2021, the World Bank provides data until 2021. Data on the number of seasonal migrants and the structure of labor migration from Tajikistan at the end of 2022 are published in annual or quarterly sections and posted on the official website of the National Statistical Service of the UK. Results. The UK, which needs cheap labor for agriculture, after BREXIT was forced to expand the geography of attracting labor. In addition to the traditional region of hiring seasonal workers — Eastern European countries (Poland, Baltic states, Bulgaria), labor resources began to be actively attracted from Central Asian countries, including Tajikistan. The main factor in attracting migrants from Tajikistan to the UK is the shortage of labor in the country’s labor market after leaving the EU. The main reasons for the reorientation of Tajik migrants from the Russian labor market to the UK are as follows: economic crises in Russia; tightening of migration policy towards Tajik migrants; the spread of English among the youth of Tajikistan, etc. Migration of low-skilled citizens of Tajikistan began in the second quarter of 2021. The main type of migration from Tajikistan to the UK are seasonal migration. The main channel of emigration from Tajikistan to the UK are public and private recruitment agencies. The main one from the bottom is the state institution — Center for Counseling and Pre-Departure Training of Migrant Workers.

The Soldier in the State: Explaining Public Trust in the Armed Forces

Although, in many countries, the military is the most trusted state institution, we know little about public trust in the military outside the United States. We argue that, for the military, trust is grounded in its legitimation as, and aspiration to be, non-partisan. From this insight, we develop hypotheses regarding the relationship between trust in the military and other institutions, the military’s centrality to political power, intrastate conflict, and recruitment format. Using cross-national data (2006–2021), we find support for these hypotheses. Falling trust in partisan state institutions benefits the armed forces. When the military exercises influence over politics, at odds with its legitimation, it is judged by the usual standards of government performance. Civil wars convert the military into a factional actor, and public trust falls. When militaries recruit via selective conscription, confidence suffers. These findings have important implications for civil-military relations, military effectiveness, and democratic stability.

Intraoperative support of patients with infective endocarditis complicated by acute heart failure

Background. Infective endocarditis (IE) is associated with certain risks and complications that can be controlled only by surgery. There is a limited number of recommendations on the anesthetic management of patients with IE during cardiovascular surgery or in the postoperative period in the intensive care unit. The aim of the study: to determine the peculiarities of intraoperative anesthetic management in patients with IE complicated by acute heart failure (AHF). Materials and methods. The study included clinical data of 72 patients with IE complicated by preoperative AHF who underwent cardiac surgery at the State Institution “Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” from January 1, 2019, to December 30, 2022. The diagnosis of IE was made in accordance with the Duke criteria. All patients had NYHA class IV. Results. In the group with IE complicated by preoperative AHF, 72 patients (100.0 %) were brought into the operating room from the intensive care unit in a critical condition and underwent urgent surgery for vital signs. The oxygenation index at baseline was 196.9 (123.8–287.5). A severe degree of respiratory failure at the preoperative stage was observed in 25 % of patients with IE complicated by HF. Patients were characterized by a significant need to restore the volume of circulating blood: the median value of intraoperatively transfused red blood cell mass was 688 ml (470–1092). Assessment of the baseline level of C-reactive protein revealed a median of 52.61 ng/ml (22.94–109.31). At the stage of completion of the surgical intervention, the content of C-reactive protein was 69.33 ng/ml (45.89–120.64). Multicomponent (administration of dobutamine and norepinephrine) support of the cardiovascular system was recorded in 42 (58.3 %) patients with IE complicated by preoperative AHF. Single-component support included the isolated use of one of the drugs in 30 (41.7 %) cases. Conclusions. The study highlights the main issues that anesthesiologists face during cardiac surgeries with bypass in these patients. The limited number of recommendations for the intraoperative management of patients with IE complicated by preoperative AHF encourages further research.

Event II. The development of Eastern medicine in Russia in the 20th century. The contribution of scientists of the Saint Petersburg-Leningrad school

The article presents the history of the development of traditional oriental medicine in Russia and USSR in the 20th century. Information about Eastern medicine obtained in the 20th century thanks to the employees and doctors of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Beijing has been repeatedly analyzed and rethought. A great contribution to the understanding of Eastern methods of treatment was the translation of Zhud-shi made by P.A. Badmaev. At the beginning of the 20th century, V.V. Korsakov and Ya.A. Violin defended dissertations on Chinese medicine at the Military Medical Academy. In 1948, the outstanding Soviet scientist E.S. Vyazmensky created and defended his dissertation “Chinese Medicine. Its History and Theory in a Brief Essay.” This fundamental work influenced the further development of oriental medicine in the USSR. Having reworked it, the founder of the Gorky School of Reflexology V.G. Vogralik published the book “Essays on Chinese Medicine” by two authors. A contribution to the popularization of Eastern methods of treatment and disease prevention was made by the physician D.N. Stoyanovsky. Close cooperation Working partnership between the Soviet Union and the People’s Republic of China in the 1950s contributed to the development of traditional oriental medicine in the USSR. Doctors who studied the theory and practice of zhen-jiu in Beijing became leading researchers and founders of schools of acupuncture in their homeland. The foundation of the Leningrad School of Reflexology was laid by E.D. Tykochinskaya. Her endeavors were continued by A.T. Kachan, N.N. Bogdanov at the Leningrad State Institute for Advanced Medical Studies; V.V. Shapkin, M.M. Odinak — at the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; R.A. Aleksandrova, Yu.D. Ignatov, Yu.N. Vasiliev, D.A. Dubrovin — at the 1st Leningrad Medical Institute; G.A. Suslova — at the Leningrad Pediatric Medical Institute. In 1997, reflexology was approved as a separate specialty by order of the Russian Ministry of Health.

К ВОПРОСУ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ: 30-ЛЕТНИЙ ОПЫТ КАФЕДРЫ СОЦИОЛОГИИ СПбГТИ(ТУ)

The article is devoted to the 30th anniver-sary of the Department of Sociology of the St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University). The article presents an interview with Sergey Petrovich Yezhov, who for a long time was the head of the Department of Sociology, and before whose eyes the development and formation of the department took place. The article examines in a biographical context the is-sues related to the history of the formation of the Department of Sociology, as well as the activities of the department throughout this time.

Individual and Catchment Area Factors Associated With Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Within the Military Health System.

Breast and cervical cancer screening is critical to identifying cases at earlier stages in order to begin treatment earlier and improve survival. Screening rates have been shown to vary within the Military Health System (MHS). The goal is to estimate drivers of variation in screening rates within the MHS. We used 2007-2019 MHS Data Repository Data to examine individual-level and catchment area-level factors associated with 1- and 2-year breast and cervical cancer screening rates. Specifically, we estimated univariate and multivariate association between 1- and 2-year probability of breast and cervical cancer screening rates and age group, marital status, rank, service branch, beneficiary type (service member vs. dependent), race/ethnicity of service members, catchment area fraction of overall care through purchased care and average per capita spending. The project was approved by both the Penn State Institutional Review Board (IRB) and the Defense Health Agency's electronic IRB. Overall, we observed a 45.6% 1 year and a 65.7% 2-year mammography screening rate and a 30.5% 1 year and a 51.9% 2-year Pap testing rate. For breast cancer screening, we found higher screening rates for older (ages 50-64 years), married, service members, more senior ranked women or those married to more senior ranked members, and non-Hispanic Black women in both unadjusted and multivariate analyses. Conversely, we found higher rates of cervical cancer screening for younger, unmarried, more junior ranked women as well as for non-Hispanic Black women. We also found higher rates for both breast and cervical cancer screening in catchment areas with a greater fraction of care delivered through the private sector. Our finding of higher screening in catchment areas with higher rates of purchased care warrants additional study to understand what factors may drive this result. The differential findings of the association between individual characteristics and breast and cervical cancer screening suggest important differences in these 2 types of screening with potentially different policies required to encourage and enhance breast vs. cervical cancer screening. Finally, our results showing higher screening among non-Hispanic Black women suggests important features of the MHS, such as universal, low-cost sharing coverage may help to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in breast and cervical cancer screening.

Professor Vasily Ivanovich Kolesov (1904–1992) (on the 120th anniversary of his birth)

An outstanding surgeon and scientist, a talented teacher, one of the pioneers of world cardiac surgery, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1964), laureate of the USSR State Prize (1988), Colonel of the Medical Service, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Vasily Ivanovich Kolesov was born on September 24, 1904 in the village Martyanovskaya (now Ust-Kubinsky district) Vologda province. In 1931, he graduated from the 2nd Leningrad Medical Institute and worked as a therapist in the village of Chusovoy, Perm Region. From 1934 to 1938, he taught at the Department of Faculty Surgery of the Perm Medical Institute, where he prepared his Ph.D. thesis, which he defended at the Leningrad State Institute for Advanced Medical Training in 1938 and moved to Leningrad. In 1953–1955, V. I. Kolesov headed the Department of General Surgery, and in 1955–1976 – Department and Clinic of Faculty Surgery of the 1st Leningrad Medical Institute named after Academician I. P. Pavlov. On February 25, 1964, for the first time in the world, Vasily Ivanovich sewed the distal end of the transected mammary artery into the end of the circumflex artery of the heart in a seriously ill man without coronary artery perfusion. At the end of the 1960s, V. I. Kolesov began performing anastomoses using the ASC-4 vascular stapling device, as well as devices designed by his son, E. V. Kolesov (ASC-UV and ASC-VAK), which significantly reduced the time of formation of a vascular anastomosis on a beating heart. On February 5, 1968, V. I. Kolesov for the first time operated on a patient 7 hours after her ECG registered myocardial infarction, and on May 17 of the same year, he restored the blood supply to the heart of a patient with unstable angina, proving for the first time in the world the possibility of surgically preventing the development of myocardial infarction. V. I. Kolesov published about 200 scientific papers, including 8 monographs on general, thoracic and cardiac surgery. Vasily Ivanovich and Evgeny Vasilyevich Kolesov were the authors of more than ten global and domestic priorities. V. I. Kolesov was awarded two Orders of the Patriotic War, I and II degrees, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, medals «For the Defense of Leningrad», «For Military Merit», «For Victory over Germany», as well as many honorary insignia. Professor Vasily Ivanovich Kolesov died on August 2, 1992 and was buried at the Bogoslovskoye cemetery in Saint Petersburg.

Гігієна фізичних факторів навколишнього середовища: понад 60 років досвіду й погляд у майбутнє

Objective. The objective of the work was to evaluate the main achievements and outline the prospects for hygienic rationing of physical factors in populated areas of Ukraine. Materials and methods. Scientific reports, regulatory documents, guidelines and scientific publications were studied by the method of literature analysis. Results. Systematic studies on the hygienic assessment of physical factors – electromagnetic fields, noise and vibration – in populated areas are carried out at the State Institution O.M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine for more than 60 years. The research is carried out in order to develop hygienic standards – the maximum permissible levels of physical factors, to develop protective measures to prevent the adverse effects of physical environmental factors on the health of the population. In recent years, some hygienic standards have been changed without conducting appropriate scientific research, some hygienic standards have not yet been developed. Conclusions. We have accumulated extensive, mostly unique, experience in performing work on hygienic regulation of physical environmental factors. With the development of technology, the levels of electromagnetic fields, noise and vibration continue to increase, which determines the priority of protecting public health from the adverse effects of these factors. Of course, the implementation of work on hygienic regulation of physical environmental factors should continue, because according to the outstanding hygienist, academician Alexander Nikitich Marzeev, whose name our scientific institution bears, the future belongs to us – to the hygiene. Keywords. Air ionization, electromagnetic fields, noise, vibration, hygienic regulation, exposure limits.

Transformation of the science of Information Law and information legislation: a new stage in the conditions of scientific and technological development of Russia

The authors of the article analyze the current trends in the development of the doctrine of Information Law and information legislation in the context of updated tasks for the scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation. It is noted that in the context of the development of an information society based on the digital economy and the data economy, the transformation of law is taking place, which is largely facilitated by the active evolution of Information Law, the expansion of its subject due to the rapid formation of digital law as a basic institution (an emerging sub-sector) responsible for the features of legal provision of information processes and phenomena in digital form. It is within the framework of this industry that legal support for the digitalization of society takes place both at the expense of basic information and legal norms governing the basic provisions (principles of regulation of digital relations, the regime of digital data and other objects of the digital environment, the legal status of subjects of the digital environment, as well as other legal aspects that reflect the essence of the digital form, the application of which is universal and can be applied in law in general), as well as through industry-specific digital norms developed and adopted within a particular branch of law, reflecting the specifics of the implementation of digital processes in relation to a specific area of public relations, regulated by the relevant branch of law. The main directions of scientific and technological development and the tasks of Information Law are also studied. The authors note that the scientific and technological development of Russia today is based on a number of principles that are important to take into account in the development of information legislation and the science of Information Law. Modern information processes and technologies directly permeate and ensure the functioning of all priority areas of scientific and technological development and are part of or ensure the application of all the most important high-tech technologies. In this regard, it is important to work out and consolidate at the theoretical level in information legislation mechanisms that contribute to the effective implementation of the accelerated development and introduction of these important knowledge-intensive technologies into the economy, including within the framework of national projects to ensure technological leadership. As a result of the analysis of critical and end-to-end technologies, it was revealed that the main emphasis in the development of information legislation and the doctrine of Information Law should be placed on the formation of models for regulating the use of artificial intelligence technologies in economic sectors, the social sphere (including the sphere of public safety) and in public authorities, including the development of regulation of robotics, as well as microelectronics technologies and photonics for information storage, processing, transmission and protection systems, technologies of secure quantum data transmission systems. The authors draw a number of conclusions about the development of the principles of regulation of artificial intelligence, as well as the prospects for the development of legal regulation of the field of robotics. The analysis is given of the discussed problems of Information Law at the Seventh Bachilov Readings, held in 2024 at the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

For Spatial Planning and Land Consolidation Issue

Planning the rational use of land's potential capabilities is one of the most important functions in Georgia. When developing the state policy in this area, it is essential to take into account that the implemented policy directly affects the country's socio-economic development. The given article states that determining the land status is part of the country's territory planning and development plan, moreover, changing the status of the land is almost impossible without making changes to the spatial planning of the territory. The article states that in most European countries, changing the designation of land is within the competence of the government and describes the needs to be addressed by various European countries (permit of the relevant state institution, compliance with the spatial development plan, imposition of a tax on the change of category, with certain exceptions, a general ban on changing the category of land, etc.). It also discusses examples of various mechanisms for land consolidation in Eastern and Central European countries. At the end of the article, the conclusion is made that under the conditions of Georgia, the state should develop a plan for the privatization of the remaining agricultural land in its possession, the primary goal of which should not be the increase of budget revenues, but rather ensuring the effective use of land resources. This process should consider: registering the landownership for the actual owner, registering land ownership for municipalities, and the alienation of land remaining in state ownership, which should ultimately contribute to the consolidation of small farms. Keywords: land, land categories, land disposal, agricultural policy, spatial planning, land consolidation, land management, agrarian territories.

Honorary Board of Election Organizers (DKPP) as an Ethical Judicial Institution for Election Organizers

The Honorary Board of Election Organizers (DKPP) is an election organizing body tasked with handling violations of the code of ethics of election organizers. DKPP is a state institution established by law. As a state institution that organizes elections, DKPP has the authority to examine, call, sanction and decide on violations of the code of ethics of election organizers. This authority is implemented through a judicial process such as in general courts, namely the process of examining reporting witnesses, reported witnesses, expert statements, validation of evidence, and reading of the verdict. The DKPP's decision is final and materially binding. The trial of violations of the code of ethics held by the DKPP and added to having the nature of a final and binding decision makes the DKPP in several judicial body decisions referred to as a quasi public court, while in the Constitutional Court decision the DKPP is interpreted as a single function of organizing the Election together with the KPU and Bawaslu, meaning that the DKPP is an election organizing institution.Based on this, this study formulates the problem formulation, namely how is the position and authority of the DKPP as a state institution that organizes elections that functions as a quasi public court? This research is a normative legal research whose nature is descriptive and from the perspective of its form is a prescriptive research. This research uses a legislative, conceptual, historical, conceptual, and comparative approach. The research results conclude that the DKPP is an election organizer in the form of an auxiliary state organ that is independent. The DKPP has the authority to enforce the code of ethics of election organizers which in character is almost the same as a general court. The DKPP's decision is final and materially binding. Based on this, the DKPP as a state institution that organizes elections can be called quasi ethical court of public nature .

Building a Strong Constitutional Court as Ideal State Institution

This article discusses the Strengthening of the Constitutional Court, in the sense of what strengthening needs to be done to strengthen the Constitutional Court in carrying out its constitutional duties. The duties in question include: guardian and interpreter of the constitution, protector of human rights, protector of citizens' constitutional rights, and protector of constitutional democracy. The ideal Constitutional Court must have all the requirements needed to carry out all of these duties relatively perfectly. It must be fit in various aspects: substance, structure, and culture. The study of the problem was conducted using the flow and working methods of doctrinal legal research of the theoretical research type, namely: research which fosters a more complete understanding of the conceptual bases of legal principles and of the combined effect of a range of rules and procedures that touch on a particular area of activity. The results of the study found that there are 7 (seven) aspects that need strengthening: (1). Strengthening Lawyer Statesman, (2). Strengthening the pattern of judge recruitment, (3). Expanding Authority, (4). Strengthening Professionalism, (5). Strengthening Accountability, (6). Strengthening Burden of Proof, (7). Strengthening the Honeste Vivere Culture.

M. I. Ravich-Shcherbo, the founder of the scientific School of biological chemistry in Kursk

The article is devoted to scientific and teaching activities of the Soviet biochemist M. I. Ravich-Shcherbo whose scientific career was largely spent in Kursk. The results of his studies into the development of ways to control malaria, carried out jointly with I. A. Smorodintsev and A. N. Adova during their work at the Tropical Institute of the RSFSR Peopleʼs Commissariat of Public Health (Narkomzdrav) in the 1920s and 1930s, and his research aimed at reducing the incidence of syphilis, conducted at the V. M. Bronner State Institute for Venereal Diseases in the 1930s – 1950s, are analyzed. His contribution to the development of wound healing and radiopaque contrast agents during World War II is also shown. Particular attention is given to the results of the studies into the mechanisms of biosynthesis of antibodies, gamma-globulin metabolism, and the ways to regulate these processes, carried out by Ravich-Shcherbo’s postgraduate and postdoctoral students in the 1950s – 1970s. The article also sheds light on the history of the scientific school of biological chemistry that became established at the Kursk Medical Institute.

Management of opioid use disorder: 2024 update to the national clinical practice guideline.

In an evolving landscape of practices and policies, reviewing and incorporating the latest scientific evidence is necessary to ensure optimal clinical management for people with opioid use disorder. We provide a synopsis of the 2024 update of the 2018 National Guideline for the Clinical Management of Opioid Use Disorder, from the Canadian Research Initiative in Substance Matters. For this update, we followed the United States Institute of Medicine's Standards for Developing Trustworthy Clinical Practice Guidelines and used the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation-Recommendation Excellence tool to ensure guideline quality. We carried out a comprehensive systematic literature review, capturing the relevant literature from Jan. 1, 2017, to Sept. 14, 2023. We drafted and graded recommendations according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development and Evaluation approach. A multidisciplinary external national committee, which included people with living or lived experience of opioid use disorder, provided input that was incorporated into the guideline. From the initial 11 recommendations in the 2018 guideline, 3 remained unchanged, and 8 were updated. Specifically, 4 recommendations were consolidated into a single revised recommendation; 1 recommendation was split into 2; another recommendation was moved to become a special consideration; and 2 recommendations were revised. Key changes have arisen from substantial evidence supporting that methadone and buprenorphine are similarly effective, particularly in reducing opioid use and adverse events, and both are now considered preferred first-line treatment options. Slow-release oral morphine is recommended as a second-line option. Psychosocial interventions can be offered as adjunctive treatment but should not be mandatory. The guideline reaffirms the importance of avoiding withdrawal management as a standalone intervention and of incorporating evidence-based harm reduction services along the continuum of care. This guideline update presents new recommendations based on the latest literature for standardized management of opioid use disorder. The aim is to establish a robust foundation upon which provincial and territorial bodies can develop guidance for optimal care.

The 100 most-cited articles in hypothermic brain protection journals: a bibliometric and visualized analysis.

A bibliometric analysis is used to assess the impact of research in a particular field. However, a specialized bibliometric analysis focused on hypothermic brain protection has not yet been conducted. This study aimed to identify the 100 most-cited articles published in the field of hypothermic brain protection and analyze their bibliometric characteristics. After screening articles from the Web of Science citation database, complete bibliographic records were imported into Python for data extraction. The following parameters were analyzed: title, author's name and affiliation, country, publication year, publication date, first author, corresponding author, study design, language, number of citations, journal impact factors, keywords, Keywords Plus®, and research topic. The 100 articles were published between 1990 and 2016. The citation frequency for each publication ranged from 86 to 470. Among the 100 articles, 73 were original articles, 18 were review articles, 8 were clinical articles, and 1 was editorial material. These papers were published in 37 journals, with the Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism being the most prolific with 15 papers. Eighteen countries contributed to the 100 publications, 51 of which were from United States institutions. In addition, the keywords in the Sankey plot indicated that research in the field of hypothermic brain protection is growing deeper and overlapping with other disciplines. The results provide an overview of research on hypothermic brain protection, which may help researchers better understand classical research, historical developments, and new discoveries, as well as providing ideas for future research.

Трансформація стійкості держави в умовах глобалізації світу

Purpose: is to analyse the modern process of forming state stability in the conditions of the transformation of the international political security space. Method: The research was conducted using a neo-institutional approach, historical and systemic methods, a comparative approach, and a functional method. Findings: Determination of the conceptual foundations of the formation of state stability in the conditions of a crisis international security environment. Theoretical implications: It consists in forming a holistic view of modern theories of the institution of the state and the factors that ensure its stability against the background of the aggravation of contradictions in the international political and security environment caused by Russia's aggression against Ukraine. Practical implications: The main political, economic and security factors were analysed, and a model was formed based on the neo-institutional approach to ensure the stability of the state institution in the conditions of worsening globalisation threats and the formation of a new architecture of the international security environment. This study can be a valuable resource for professional researchers, analysts in geopolitics and geostrategy, security and defence sector representatives, international organisations, and state and local authorities. Originality: It consists of applying a neo-institutional approach to ensuring the stability of the state institution in the context of the crisis of the international political and security environment triggered by Russiaʼs aggression against Ukraine.

Development of Pupils', Students' and Cadets Value Attitude to Health-Preserving Activities by Means of Combat Horting

The co-authors of the scientific publication carried out the research and described the results by means of a survey of 9th grade athletes from 34 sports clubs in Ukraine (n=807), research students of the State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University (n=92), and practicing students of the State Tax University (n=32), who were involved in the development of mini-projects on health promotion activities, conducting training in combat horting in natural conditions, experimental extracurricular health activities, writing qualification papers on the topic of research and participating in conferences of various levels, including international ones, monitoring activities during combat horting classes and extracurricular activities). The aim of the study is to practically test the efficiency of educating pupils', students' and cadets value attitude to health-preserving activities by means of combat horting. The basis of the study was the development of research skills through the method of analyzing student researchers; improvement of practical skills of pupils and students who participated as combat sport athletes and student practitioners, assistant coaches from 2020 to 2024. Results of the research. The co-authors of the research group developed and implemented a set of goals for educating pupils', students' and cadets to cultivate a value-based attitude to health promotion; developed questionnaires and conducted a survey among pupils and students; identified components, criteria and indicators for developing a value-based attitude of pupils', students' and cadets to health promotion; and presented practical recommendations. Moreover, the respondents acted as coaches, which promoted the development of soft skills and the ability of teamwork. Conclusions: This study contributed to the coordination of teamwork between pupils, students, teachers/coaches; aimed at improving the quality of professional and practical training of higher education students and their career development. Consequently, it is necessary to focus on the practical component of educational and research activities in higher education institutions, improvement of the educational and training process in sports clubs of Ukraine, based on the domestic and foreign experience of prominent experts.

Development of an analytical model for assessing the risks of financial and economic activities of State (municipal) institutions based on the pairwise comparison method

Subject. The article considers developing an analytical model to assess the risks of financial and economic activities of State (municipal) institutions. Objectives. The aim is to devise a comprehensive analytical model for assessing the risks of financial and economic activities of State (municipal) institutions, taking into account their specific activities, and assess these risks. Methods. The study employs general and specific scientific methods of cognition (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, grouping, comparison, expert assessment, mathematical methods, like the method of analyzing hierarchies, etc.). Results. I designed an analytical (mathematical) model of integral indicator for risk assessment in State (municipal) institutions’ financial and economic activities, offered a scale used to assess such risks. The proposed mathematical model was tested in several State institutions, with the presentation of results. Conclusions. The development of software using intelligent technologies based on the analytical model of integral indicator will enable to more quickly and effectively assess the risks of financial and economic activities of a State (municipal) institution, and track the dynamics of risk changes.

Parenting styles as predictors to female students’ sexual promiscuity in tertiary institution in delta state

This study investigated the relationship between parenting styles and female students’ sexual promiscuity in tertiary institutions in Delta State. The study was led by two research questions and two hypotheses. The study used an ex-post facto research design with a correlational technique. The population comprised all female students of tertiary institutions in Delta Central Senatorial District with a total sample of 1,566 students. Questionnaire was used as instrument of data collection. The questionnaire was validated by experts’ judgement and factor analysis, with a sound psychometric property indicating that the instrument is valid and reliable. The data obtained were analysed with the aid of regression statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed a significant relationship between parenting styles and sexual promiscuity and that the relationship can be moderated by socio-economic status of parents. The study recommended amongst others that Parents should improve on their relationship with their adolescents and choose the right parenting style that will help the adolescents to abstain from risky sexual behaviour.