State Historical Archive Of Ukraine Research Articles

The beginnings of the Zionist movement in Galicia in 1898 based on the documents of the Lviv Governorate

The Judaica collected at the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Lviv, also customarily referred to as the Bernardin Archive, constitute, without doubt, some of the most important source materials for the history of the Jews of Galicia and Lesser Poland. Particularly noteworthy are the archives devoted to the “National Zionist Organization in Lviv” (fond 338) and the “Jewish Religious Community in Lviv” (fond 701). However, it turns out that valuable materials on Jewish issues can also be found in the arvhives entitled “C.k. Namiestnictwo Galicyjskie”/”K.k.. Galizische Statthalterei” [Imperial royal Galician Governorate] (fond 146), which includes all documentation (nearly 200,000 archival units) produced for the most important political authority in Galicia in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The archives contains, e.g. the reports of the starostes regarding the activities of Zion (Jewish organizations for the colonization of the territory of Palestine), which are an invaluable source of knowledge about the beginnings of Jewish emigration to Palestine and, above all, its course in Galicia and the attitude of the state authorities. On the basis of the reports of district governors compiled in 1898, it may be possible to reconstruct the origins of the Zionist movement in Galicia.

Sozon Wadyński OSBM (1749-1815)

SOZON WADYŃSKI OSBM (1749-1815): A BIOGRAPHICAL CONTRIBUTIONThis text is devoted to the life and activities of Sozon Wadyński OSBM (1749-1815), a Basilian from Podolia in the then Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Lecyk recreates Wadyński’s biography, verifying known information and subjecting previously unused source materials to historical analysis. The author has tried to present the subsequent stages of the monk’s life against the background of the functioning of the Basilian Order and the political changes that took place in the Church after 1772 in the Austrian partition, where Wadyński stayed from the early 1780s. Lecyk describes the subsequent stages of his education and also discusses the conditions under which the monk developed his career in the structures of the order’s authorities, the eparchy and the bishop of Przemyśl. He explains why it finally broke down and answers the question of why Wadyński became the parish priest of a rural parish in Sośnica, located near Przemyśl. Thanks to materials obtained in particular from the State Archives in Przemyśl and the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv, it has been possible to present this previously unknown stage of the priest’s life and career. It has also allowed us to show the living and working conditions of the parish priest, to answer the question of his financial situation and what problems he had to struggle with in his pastoral work. The article also shows how a well-educated monk, whose life path destined him for a completely different role, coped with the role of a village parish priest. The text fills the gap in regional research and is also a contribution to the history of Greek Catholic parishes in Galicia in the first half of the 19th century.

Zamek czernelicki na fotografiach z końca XIX-XX wieku

THE CHERNELYTSIA CASTLE IN PHOTOGRAPHS FROM THE LATE 19TH–20TH CENTURYFor a long time, it was believed that the Chernelytsia Castle in Pokuttia did not attract much attention from artists due to its relatively small size and remoteness from the main roads. This should have resulted in a small amount of illustrative material, primarily photographs, depicting the castle. However, the actual situation is different. Over the last ten years, archival and library searches conducted by a team of Polish and Ukrainian researchers have made it possible to discover, identify, date, and publish numerous photographs of the Chernelytsia Castle. The discovered photographs are stored in the National Library in Warsaw, the Archive of the Department of Polish Architecture at Warsaw University of Technology, the Institute of Art of the Polish Academy of Sciences, the Karta Center in Warsaw, the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Lviv, the Vasyl Stefanyk National Scientific Library of Ukraine in Lviv, the Scientific and Technical Archive of the Institute ‘Ukrzakhidproektrestavratsiya’ in Lviv, and the private collections of Oleksandr Kahlian, Levko Kvyatkovskyy, and Vitaliy Nagirnyy. All currently known photographs of the Chernelytsia Castle were taken between the 1880s to 1990s using the traditional method and classic photographic equipment. The earliest ones date back to the 1880s and were made by Kolomyian photographer Juliusz Dutkiewicz in 1880 for the Ethnographic Exhibition of Pokuttya in Kolomyia. Over the next few years, photographs of the castle by an unknown author (1884) and Albin Fridrich (between 1892 and 1904) appeared. A large number of photographs of the Chernelytsia Castle were taken in the interwar period. In 1921, 7 photographs of the castle were taken by an unknown photographer on the request of the Conservative Club in Lviv. Another 23 photographs of the fortress were taken in 1935 by Bogdan Guerquin. In addition, during this period, a number of other single photographs of the castle were taken by unidentified authors, which are currently preserved in private collections. The photographs of the Chernelytsia Castle from the second half of the 20th century by Ostap Kudybin (second half of the 1960s) and Ihor Starosolskyy (1969-1971) are of great importance. The significance of these photographs cannot be overestimated. They are a unique source that allows us not only to show the state of the castle in different periods, from the late 19th century to the late 20th century, but also to illustrate the dynamics of changes and losses of fortifications, and even to try to reconstruct the original appearance of the historical monument. Some of the photographs described in the article have been published before, while others are published for the first time.

Wiktor Schramm’s voice in the discussion on the use of the Josephine cadastre in the study of agriculture and agricultural technology in Galicia in the 18th century (W. Schramm, “Rolnictwo polskie u schyłku XVIII wieku na tle metryk józefińskich,” Poznań

Wiktor Schramm (1885–1958) was a scholar and educator born in Olchowa and living in Poznań. He was a professor at the University of Poznań, its pro-rector, as well as the founder (1919) and head of the Department of Agricultural Economics (initially, Zakład Ekonomii Rolniczej and after 1945 – Katedra). His research interests included agriculture and agricultural economics, accounting, economic history and the organization and methodology of university teaching as well as the natural sciences and ethnography. The article summarizes the current state of knowledge about Schramm’s scholarly activities and presents his hitherto unpublished article as a voice in the discussion of the use of the cadastre, known as the Josephine metric, which was created in the late 18th century in the area of Galicia. It also discusses the metric itself, which is a contemporary source for researching the past and the changes that took place in Galicia from the 18th–21st centuries. Nowadays, the materials produced during the implementation of land surveys in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy of Joseph II are stored at the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Lviv. The article points out the untapped potential of the Josephine metric in the study of such sciences as economic history, historical ethnography, demography, geography, natural sciences and others.

THE ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES IN MODERNISATION PROCESSES AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF ATTEMPTATIONS OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE (60s-70s of the XIX Century)

The article highlights the role of universities as centres of intercultural communication in the broader context of analysing the reformist experience of the Russian Empire in the 60s and 70s of the nineteenth century on the basis of the study of memoirs, periodicals of the nineteenth century, as well as documents of the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Kyiv, which were first introduced into scientific circulation. The conclusions emphasise that despite the implementation of peasant, judicial and military reforms, and the introduction of elected local government, the Russian empire did not undergo a radical modernisation of socio-political life, and the authoritarian principles of state governance remained unchanged. Attempts to implement liberal reforms remained half-hearted and incomplete, and the idea of establishing a constitutional monarchy proved unviable in the realities of an autocratic police state. At the same time, during the nineteenth century, in the Russian empire, the role of universities as factors of modernisation and a wide range of socio-cultural processes related to the development and implementation of scientific ideas, scientific and theoretical support for economic development, the formation of staff potential and the cultivation of social consciousness focused on political emancipation was established. The development of a university corporate culture based on the principles of autonomy was in sharp contrast to the foundations of the russian imperial autocracy. Despite the fact that imperial universities were founded to implement the autocratic (in particular, Russification) policy, they became the source and catalyst of modernisation processes, ensuring the rise of the educational and cultural level of society by training personnel for the most important spheres of social life – science, pedagogy, public administration, various sectors of the economy, legal activities, medicine, literature, journalism, etc. Universities were powerful instruments of westernisation processes, centres for the development of international scientific and educational cooperation, and conductors of scientific knowledge, technological innovations, and ultimately the legal principles and socio-cultural values of European civilisation. Representatives of the teaching corporation and university graduates were actively engaged in educational activities, popularising scientific knowledge among the general public, giving public speeches and open lectures, participating in the development of book publishing, periodicals and public scientific organisations, thus influencing public consciousness and developing the scientific and theoretical basis for modernisation reforms. The university environment provided fertile ground for the rise of opposition to the autocracy, national and cultural movements, and the cultivation of socio-political thought consonant with the European ideological trends of the time.

Тюркоязычное население степного пограничья Великого княжества Литовского и Крымского ханства в ХV – первой половине ХVІ вв.

The ethnic and demographic situation on the borderland of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Crimean Khanates is analysed on the basis of narratives (Michalon Lituanus, Marcin Broniowski, Marcin Bielski, Bartosz Paprocki) and documentary sources (publications “Lithuanian Metrics”, “Archive of South Western Russia”, documents of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine).
 The boundaries laid by the local prince of Kiev Simeon Olelkovich in the 15th century were significant for a later time as a precedent for ideas about the boundary between the Black Sea Tatars and Ukrainian Cossacks. The Zaporozhian Host at the early 18th century referred it as “Vytautas borders”. However, this “boundary” was conditional. The steppe space between the rivers Southern Bug and Dnieper was occupied by the Ukrainian Cossacks (later the Zaporozhians) in the summer, and by the “Perekop Tatars” in the winter. The seasonal migrations, set by the conditions of the first half of the 16th century, persisted until the middle of the 17th century.
 The notion “Tatars” is a conventional designation for the Turkic-speaking population in the Black Sea steppe before the migration of the Noghais to this region in the second half of the 16th to early 17th centuries. “Perekop Tatars” were not nomads, but a semi-sedentary population. Economic occupations and the degree of settlement of this population differed according to gender, age and social position. Women, children, clients and slaves lived in stationary settlements, were engaged in agriculture and horticulture. Full-fledged men led an mobile lifestyle, were engaged in stockbreeding, hunting and war. The economy was based on sheep and horse breeding.
 Particular attention is paid to the male groups of the “Perekop Tatars”, which had a changeable and often multiethnic composition, combined shepherding and war, and for a long time were without a family and permanent place of residence. Some demographic data (cited by Gilles Veinstein) indicate a significant excess of the number of men relative to women. These male groups in the sources of that time are designated as “Kazak” and “Çoban”.

Розробка плану евакуації міста Києва восени 1915 р.

The aim of the work, learning on the basis of the available archive documents is to analyze the key aspects of Kyiv city evacuation plan, developed in autumn 1915, to deter- mine the problems and prospects of its implementation. The research methodology is based on the principle of historicism, systematics and comprehensiveness, problem-chronological and diachronic methods. The scientifi c novelty of the publication lies in the fi rst systematic analy- ses of Kyiv city evacuation plan based of archival documents of the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv. Conclusions. Aft er the successful off ensive of the German and Austro-Hungarian troops in spring of 1915, the Russian authorities had to resort to evacuation measures. Th e threat of occupation loomed over Kyiv, which was a large behind enemy lines city at the beginning of the First World War. In autumn 1915, the authorities developed the detailed plan for the population and property evacuation which included a set of measures to mobilize existing and attract additional resources. The evacuation measures were complicated by a large number of wounded in local hospitals, thousands of refugees and front-line regions internally displaced persons who settled in the city and its surroundings, increasing traffi c disorder on the railways. Th e developed measures included fi nding out the number of people and property to be mobilized, calculating the transport resources, determining the main evacuation routes and further placement of the population, state institutions, equipment of strategically important en- terprises and educational institutions in a new place.

На місці Жовкви та її околиць: документи до історії маєтності Висоцьких–Жолкевських у Львівській землі в XV–XVI століттях (частина 2)

The objective of the work is to investigate the practice of forgery of deed documents in the early modern period using the specifi c example of the delimitation of noble estate in the Ruthenian Voivodeship. The scientifi c novelty of the research consists in the introduction into scientifi c circulation of a forgery, which allegedly set the boundaries of the estate of Andrzej Wysocki on the northwestern borderlands of the Lviv land with the Yavoriv starosty (1531; in fact, the demarcation was carried out a year earlier), as well as the report of survey of auditors of the boundaries of the village of Turynka with the settlements of the Lviv starosty (1570), which makes it possible to fi nd out the reasons for the falsifi cation of the fi rst document. Both acts were discovered in the form of copies in the books of the Lviv castle court. They are kept in the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv. The research methodology is based on the principles of objectivity and historicism. The application of historical-critical and comparative methods made it possible to reveal facts of targeted amendments to the text of the fi rst document. Due to the use of the historical-geographical method, the geographical nomenclature recorded in both acts was localized. Conclusions. ПУБЛІКАЦІЯ АРХІВНИХ ДОКУМЕНТІВ 125 Based on a comparison of the text of the demarcation of 1530 in the Crown Metrics with the text of this document in the Lviv castle court acts (inscribed in 1631), it was found, that the «Lviv version» has a diff erent dating, some geographical nomenclature has been replaced and added. The analysis of the discrepancies gives reason to assert about the purposeful falsifi cation of the act with the aim to document the Vykiv Lis as belonging to the village of Turynka. In the second half of the 16th century this forest was the subject of a dispute between the Lviv starost and Stanisław Żołkiewski. This is indicated by the act of surveying the boundaries of Turynka (in the possession of the last one) with the neighboring crown villages (1570). Probably, in 1631, there was a new dispute over the Vykiv Lis. The fake «delimitation of 1531» could be a documentary justifi cation for the claims of Stanisław’s granddaughter Zofi a Daniłowiczowa (who owned Turynka) to the forest.

ГОЛОДОМОР 1932-1933 РР. В УКРАЇНІ (ЗА ДОКУМЕНТАМИ АРХІВУ СКОРОПАДСЬКИХ В ЦДІАК УКРАЇНИ)

The article analyzes an unknown body of documents on the history of the Holodomor in Ukraine in 1932-1933, preserved in the Skoropadskyi Fund - the archive of the family of the last hetman of Ukraine, Pavlo Skoropadskyi. For a long time, this archive was kept in the private property of P. Skoropadsky's daughter YElizaveta Skoropadska, and later in the East European Institute named after V. Lipinsky in Philadelphia (USA). In 2006, the archive was sent to the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine (Kyiv), where it was at the stage of scientific and technical development and became available to researchers only at the end of 2022. Documents on the history of the Holodomor were deposited in the fund thanks to YE. Skoropadska, who from 1933 headed the Committee for Aid to the Starving in Ukraine, which provided material aid to the victims of the famine in Ukraine, conducted organizational work to collect funds for the starving, and disseminated information about this famine in the world. The archive of E. Skoropadska includes hundreds of documents with a total volume of more than 6,300 sheets. This is the largest archive of documents about the Holodomor of 1932-1933 in Ukraine and the world. It contains letters from witnesses of the Holodomor, testimonies of various people, articles, clippings from newspapers and magazines, etc. The article concludes that the analyzed documents indisputably prove the artificial nature of the famine of 1932-1933, which was planned and carried out by the communist regime of the USSR and became a terrible crime against the Ukrainian people. During the Holodomor in Ukraine and the Kuban, where mostly representatives of the Ukrainian ethnic group lived, whole villages died and millions of people died. The collection of archival documents by YE. Skoropadska about the Holodomor of 1932-1933 in Ukraine is unique for Ukrainian historical science. These materials are the most complete, integral and voluminous body of documents collected "on hot tracks", which have no analogues in Ukraine and the world.

1774–1818 m. Vilniaus Bazilijonų vienuolyno spaustuvės spaustuvininkų sąrašai ir sutartys / Registers and Contracts of the Vilnius Basilian Monastery Printing house, 1774–1818

This article centers around the publication of a unique document titled ‘The Register of Hired Compositors, Pressmen, and Bookbinders’, which records the employment of 74 individuals in the printing house of the Vilnius Basilian Monastery between 1774 and 1818. In addition to lists of employees, it involves detailed contracts signed by printers itself. This document is kept in Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv. The publication consists of two parts: the first one presents the preface, both in Lithuanian and in English, the second one contains the text of the document. The preface discusses the origin, structure and content of the document. The document being published is important, above all, to the history of the Basilian printing house. However, it also contains valuable information concerning the activities of all other printing houses in Vilnius in the 18th century. Keywords: printing house of the Vilnius Basilian Monastery; printers’ contracts; Ruthenian Order of Saint Basil the Great; 18th century printing press.

Слідча справа історика Олексія Маркевича і репресивні заходи проти розгортання українського національного руху в Одесі на зламі ХІХ–ХХ ст.

The purpose of the article is presentаеd in detail the facts from the life of the Odesa historian and public fi gure of the 19th century Oleksii Markevych, through the coverage of the circumstances of the scientist’s life. In particular, the events related to the criminal prosecution for the attempt to smuggle illegal literature show how such repressive measures hampered the development of the Ukrainian movement in Odesa. This research is based on sources are stored in the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv. The research methodology: the synchronous method was used, which made it possible to compare episodes of biographical history with the contexts of the formation and development of the Ukrainian movement; thanks to the comparative method, it was shown how the defeat of the Ukrainian movement in the 1870s negatively aff ected the socio-political processes in Odessa in the 1890s, and the circumstances in which scientists had to work are compared – between the liberalization of public life in the Habsburg Empire, where the free publication of books including literature in the Ukrainian language was allowed, and the strengthening of the repressive actions in the Russian Empire, where such literature was considered prohibited. Scientifi c novelty: the documents stored in the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv about the prosecution of O. Markevych for attempting to transport literature prohibited by the censorship authorities have signifi cant scientifi c value. In the investigative and pre-trial materials of the case, there is a lot of biographical data, both collected during the proceedings by gendarmerie offi cials, and given personally by the scientist during the testimony. Documents contain important information from diff erent periods of the O. Markevych life and give an opportunity to see the social and political background in which he lived. The analysis of documents stored in the funds of the Gendarmerie Department of Odesa and the Prosecutor of the Odesa Judicial Chamber also shows the cultural life of Odesa and the social life of university circles of that time, through the prism of the historian biography. Correspondence with M. Hrushevsky is an important evidence of connections not only between the scientists themselves, but also between various centres of the Ukrainian movement. Conclusions: the information presented in the article complements our knowledge about the social and scientifi c activities of O. Markevych as a prominent representative of the Odesa community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The information presented in the article is of great importance for the study of the history of Odessa University and the scientists who worked there. In a broader context, the article shows the state of development of the Ukrainian movement in Odesa at the end of the 19th century, the role and place of this center for formulating the political tasks of the movement, and through the personal connections of Professor O. Markevich – the connection with representatives of the Ukrainian movement in Chernihiv, Kyiv and Galicia.

Public Life of Poles Through the Prism of Surveillance by Repressive Structures of the South-Western Region of the Russian Empire on the Eve of the First World War

This paper, based on documents from the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine (Kyiv), highlights the specifics of the social life of Poles in the South-Western region of the Russian Empire on the eve of the First World War. The author studied the official correspondence of the General Staff of the Russian Empire and the Staff of the Kyiv Military District, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and provincial gendarme departments of the South-Western Region, secret documents of the Kyiv Security Office, the Office of the Kyiv, Podillya and Volyn Governor-General, and so on. These documents illustrate the focus of the Russian imperial authorities on gathering information about the political situation and public sentiment in Austria-Hungary, and above all in Galicia. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, against the backdrop of an intensified interstate confrontation between Austria-Hungary and Russia, a competition of state building models became more active. In the early 20th century, the idea of federalism was strengthened in Austria-Hungary with the aim of internal political stabilisation and a broad guarantee of the Slavonic peoples' rights. And it was no accident that guard and punitive authorities of the Russian Empire focused their attention on intelligence information about the activities of the Polish Socialist Party, the creation of paramilitary organizations in Galicia, and the preparation of an anti-Russian uprising by the Poles during the expected war between Russia and Austria-Hungary. The Polish population of the South-Western region was supervised. Discriminatory measures were taken against the cultural activities of the Poles of the South-Western region aimed at raising national self-awareness and patriotism, schooling and national-cultural public organizations were suppressed, and monitoring of the Roman Catholic clergy was established. In view of the approach of the 50th anniversary of the January Uprising of 1863-1864, the guard and punitive bodies of the Russian Empire directed special efforts to prevent the spread in the South-West Region of actions commemorating this symbolic anniversary organized on the territory of Austria-Hungary, in particular in Lviv

На місці Жовкви та її околиць: документи до історії маєтності Висоцьких-Жолкевських у львівській землі в XV–XVI століттях (частина 1)

 The purpose of the work is to supplement the knowledge about the formation of noble estates in the Ruthenian voivodeship, since the late Middle Ages through the prism of historical geography. The research methodology is based on historical-critical, comparative (they were used in the analysis and comparison of original documents with their copies, which made it possible to identify signifi cant diff erences in the texts) and historical-geographical methods (to localize the proper names of geographical objects, listed in the acts). The scientifi c novelty of the research is to analyze the documents (including an Act, that was not previously published in a full), which established the boundaries of Jan Wysocki’s estate on the northwestern edge of Lviv land with its nearest neighbors: the private property of Jan Kulikowski (the demarcation in 1487) and the Yavoriv starosty (the deed of sale of crown domain to Piotr Szamotulski in 1456 with a text fragment, added in the 16th or 17th century). The documents were found in the form of copies in the Lviv castle court books and in the form of extracts from the same books. They are stored in the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv. The prospect of further research lies in the introduction into scientifi c circulation of the documents on the history of Ukrainian lands of the late Middle Ages and early modern times, in which the geographical nomenclature is recorded, with its further localization in space. Conclusions. Despite the fact, that the fi rst (the demarcation) and the second (the deed of sale of the land) documents were concluded for diff erent purposes, they both contain valuable information about the lands, owned by the above-mentioned persons (or land, they were going to own). Both in the fi rst and in the second document, this information is recorded in the form of an extensive list of microtoponyms, which in the Middle Ages and early modern times served as landmarks, when establishing boundaries of land holdings. The degree of importance of this information is shown by the fact, that in late copies of such acts we fi nd large fragments of the text with geographical nomenclature, that is absent in the original. Most likely, such insertions in the text were to serve as an additional «argument» for clarifying the ownership of a particular territory in the future.

PHONETIC, ORTHOGRAPHIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF PRIVILEGES TO KYIV CITY MAGISTRATE

The article analyzes variant spellings at the phonetic and graphic and morphological levels. Many variant spellings reflect various phonetic phenomena (reflexion of *ě, assimilation, dissimilation, simplification, softness / hardness of consonants, etc.) in the text and the formation of morphological norms (inflection of nominal parts of speech, verbs, etc.) of the Ukrainian language of the Old Ukrainian period.The subject of the linguistic analysis were the letters of the Kyiv Magistrate, issued to confirm the Magdeburg law of the city of Kyiv by the Polish rulers from 1544 to 1659. The collection, which is now in the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Kyiv (Fond 62. Inventory 1. Unit 1), contains privileges copied for his own use by K. Krichevets in the first half of the 18th century. The signed privileges are in the Old Ukrainian language of the corresponding period, but some of them are translations from Latin and Polish. It remains unknown whether the owner of the collection copied from already translated documents or ordered the translation from A. Trotsina and M. Yakgelnytskyi, which were recorded as translators therein.Linguistic fluctuations are present in the forms of the same words and in different words, often different variant spellings occur side by side on the same page. Having studied the variety of parallel forms in the analyzed source, we singled out the reasons for their appearance: the lack of normalization of spelling features, in particular the transmission of individual sounds, the incompleteness of linguistic processes at that time in the language, the preservation of traditions and the influence of the living language element, the mutual influence of the phonetic and morphological systems of the Church Slavonic and Polish languages with Ukrainian.The note reveals the interaction of the systems of the named languages, which manifested itself in fluctuations in various reflections in writing - reflection of sonorous in the middle of a word, changes of sonorous at the beginning of a word, reflexes *dj, *tj, *gt / *kt, *je at the beginning of a word, variant endings in the declension of nouns, adjectives, verbs, etc.

TAX REGISTER OF ZOLOCHIV ESTATE IN LVIV LAND FROM 1598

The article is devoted to the introduction into scientific circulation of a source on the history of Lviv land of Ruthenian Voivodeship – the tax register of Zolochiv private estate from 1598. So far, this is the only identified register of settlements that certifies that tax collection in the Kingdom of Poland was performed in that year. In the fund of the Crown Treasure Archive of the Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw (where most of the land tax registers are kept), no tax register for 1598 has been found. The researched document represents the list of 57 settlements in the eastern part of Lviv land, united into a single private estate with its center in the town of Zolochiv. During the 16th century, it belonged to the Górka, Czarnkowski, and Zborowski families. Shortly after the tax collection in 1598, Marek Sobieski, the grandfather of King Jan III Sobieski of Poland, became the estate owner. The register, along with the names of settlements, lists specific categories of the population, infrastructure facilities, the number of houses (in Zolochiv), the area of settlements in the „aratra” („plows”; an archaic unit of measurement), as well as the amount of tax. In the process of comparing the information presented in the document with similar data in other tax registers of Lviv land of the second half of the 16th century, a number of features were revealed. Thus, the register from 1598 provides incomplete information about local infrastructure (no data on taverns and distilleries; churches are mentioned only twice) and specific categories of the population (no rural artisans) but contains the first mentions of several settlements (Dumivtsi, Pudlivtsi, Tovstiv) and change of their status (the town of Adrinopil, which became a village). The article is accompanied by the publication of the document based on a copy in the book of the Lviv City Court, which is stored in the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv. The names of settlements are identified in square brackets.

Rękopisy ze zbioru Józefa Wandalina Mniszcha (1670–1747), marszałka wielkiego koronnego

The article concerns the manuscript books from the collection of Józef Wandalin Mniszech (1670–1747), Grand Marshall of the Crown in the years 1713–1742, and Cracow castellan from 1742. It was one of the largest collections of that kind, developed in the Saxion times by a State dignitary; it amounted to approximately 50–60 manuscripts. The studies, mostly from autopsy, are concluded with the statement that the core of the collection consisted of manuscripts concerning current public life, as well as those relevant for Mniszech’s official functions, wrote in his environment since at least the 20ties of the 18th century, but also acquired by donations (presumably also purchases) from different persons. Moreover, a valuable part of the collection includes manuscripts from the 16th–17th centuries inherited from his father, Jerzy Jan (died 1692), Volyn voivode, concerning mostly historical and political topics. The main part of this collection is now stored in the Ossoliński National Institute Library in Wrocław, the Scientific Library of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences and Polish Academy of Sciences in Cracow, and in Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv.

The Oil Industry in Galicia until 1918 in Light of the Records of the Galician Governorate in Lviv

The files kept at the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Lviv are of fundamental importance for research into the issues of the oil industry in Galicia. Of particular note is the largest ensemble in the archive – fond 146: Galician Governorate in Lviv, containing the records of the central government of Galicia. This collection has preserved a rich collection of materials representing various aspects of the development of the oil industry. They dealt with issues of the occurrence of crude oil in Galicia, the acquisition and exploitation of oil plots, the extraction and processing of oil, and the construction and operation of wells and refineries. The information on the state of the oil mines in Galicia, especially in terms of meeting technical conditions, fire protection and occupational safety, is valuable. An important place is held by files depicting issues of the creation of industrial infrastructure, including the construction and maintenance of oil pipelines, the construction of storage facilities, and the railway connection to the plants. The files also contain information on the establishment and activities of domestic and foreign oil companies and joint stock companies in Galicia. Also of interest are materials on the development of the labour movement. Keywords: records of the Galician Governorate in Lviv, kerosene, oil industry, mines, oil companies and joint stock companies.

Організація державної стоматологічної служби в Україні: історіографічний аналіз

Актуальність. Історична хронологія побудови державної системи організації стоматологічної служби України розкриває перші кроки створення та подальшого розвитку стоматології як невід’ємної складової наукової і клінічної медицини. У 1920 році в Україні запроваджено принципово нову організаційно-економічну модель стоматологічної допомоги з державним фінансуванням, що передбачала охоплення всього населення держави. Багаторічна історія є найкращим підґрунтям для аналізу пройденого еволюційного шляху розвитку стоматологічної служби в Україні. Мета дослідження — вивчення історіографії становлення стоматології як самостійної дисципліни наукової та клінічної медицини, організації державної стоматологічної служби в Україні за результатами дослідження архівних матеріалів нормативно-правових документів. Матеріали та методи. Були вивчені та проаналізовані матеріали основних архівних документів Центрального державного історичного архіву України в м. Києві за період 1919–1920 років. Матеріалами дослідження були основні нормативно-правові документи, що регулювали зуболікарську допомогу: наказ НКОЗ УРСР № 3 від 5 квітня 1920 р. «Про організацію зуболікарських секцій при губернських відділах охорони здоров’я»; наказ НКОЗ УРСР № 4 від 10 квітня 1920 р. «Про організацію державної зуболікарської допомоги»; інструкція до параграфа 2 наказу НКОЗ УРСР № 4 від 10 квітня 1920 р. «Про державну зуболікарську допомогу»; інструкція «З питань щодо постанови зуболікування в державних амбулаторіях», затверджена НКОЗ УРСР від 13 квітня 1920 р.; План організації зуболікувальної допомоги для населення України, затверджений НКОЗ УРСР 26 червня 1920 р. Методи дослідження — історичний, що передбачає вивчення утворення, формування та розвитку об’єктів у хронологічній послідовності; історико-критичний, що передбачає вилучення з історичних джерел врогідної інформації, реконструкцію історичних фактів із метою вивчення подієвої історії. Результати. На підставі архівних матеріалів нормативно-правових документів Центрального державного архіву вищих органів влади та управління України в м. Києві було проведено історико-критичний аналіз створення державної системи організації стоматологічної служби України за період 1919–1920 років. Затверджені НКОЗ України накази, розпорядження та інструкції розкривають перші кроки побудови та запровадження нової організаційно-економічної моделі надання стоматологічної допомоги. Створена система охорони здоров’я ґрунтувалася на забезпеченні державою соціальної медичної стоматологічної допомоги кожному громадянину України. Висновки. Історіографічний аналіз нормативно-правових документів розкриває становлення стоматології як невід’ємної складової висококваліфікованої медичної допомоги. Запроваджена нова організаційно-економічна модель надання соціальної стоматологічної допомоги населенню України будувалася на засадах безоплатності, доступності, кваліфікованості, комплексності та профілактики стоматологічних захворювань. Стоматологічна допомога населенню України передбачала побудову мережевої системи державних амбулаторно-поліклінічних закладів, стоматологічних відділень у складі багатопрофільних поліклінік, стоматологічних відділень та кабінетів в лікарнях, які були підпорядковані губернським одонтологічним підвідділам та Народному комісаріату охорони здоров’я України. Нова модель державного регулювання ґрунтувалася на плануванні та контролі надання соціальної стоматологічної допомоги на засадах державного фінансування. Головними завданнями створеної системи охорони здоров’я було запровадження організаційних заходів, спрямованих на масове охоплення безкоштовною зуболікувальною та зуботехнічною допомогою громадян України. Важливим напрямком стоматологічної допомоги було створення шкільних кабінетів для проведення профілактичних заходів стоматологічних захворювань порожнини рота в організованих дитячих колективах.

ЧЕРНЕЦТВО ЙОРДАНСЬКОГО І БОГОСЛОВСЬКОГО ЖІНОЧИХ МОНАСТИРІВ МІСТА КИЄВА В ДРУГІЙ ПОЛОВИНІ XVIII СТОЛІТТЯ

The article deals with the social composition of Yordanskyi and Bohoslovskyi convents in the second half of the 18th century before the secularization reform of 1786–1788. This topic has not found comprehensive coverage in historiography, as researchers of the history of these monasteries have paid more attention to the founding, coexistence of monasteries, their architectural features. The study is based on an analysis of archival documents from the funds of the Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine (Kyiv) (TSDIAK), on the information about nuns of Kyiv convents in 1777, which was published in the journal «Kyiv Antiquity», and on the work of previous scholars who described the monastic community of these monasteries. The study describes the dynamics of changes in the number of nuns: from 1757 to 1779–1780 the number of women decreased, but later until 1786 there was a reverse trend. The number of nuns in the Bohoslovskyi convent was higher than in 1757, but before the secularization reform, the Yordanskyi convent still outnumbered. It is determined that the average age of nuns was 51 and 52 years, as of 1779 most nuns belonged to the age range of 41–50 years. It is found the majority of the women came from the Left and Right Bank Ukraine, cases of living of representatives of other regions were isolated. The number of nuns of cossack and peasant origin was bigger than townswomen, nuns of noble origin as well as women who were priest widows or daughters. Violations of the norms and rules of monastic life by some nuns were considered, including escape, drunkenness, leaving the territory of the monastery without the consent of superioress, meetings with men. Cases of children living with nuns caused by the death of their parents are mentioned.

Materiały do działalności sejmiku kijowskiego z II poł. XVII w. w księgach grodzkich dawnego województwa kijowskiego

The holdings of the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv include the castrum records of the former Kievan palatinate. In the mid-nineteenth century, they were collected by the Russian government and deposited in the newly created archive. Those records have been maintained since 1566, the date of the major legal and political reforms in Lithuania. In particular, they include the records of the second half of the seventeenth century, when the palatinate dietine was held in Włodzimierz. The Kievan nobility prevailed in their desires to preserve the castrum records from destruction, and to have a revision carried out after the wars with the Cossacks and Muscovy, in accordance with the constitutions of 1658 and 1661. Judicial reforms have also been necessary, since Kyiv (the traditional seat of the courts) remained in the hands of Muscovy. The article discusses the resolves of the Kievan palatinate dietines regarding the revision of records, and the results of the query of the Żytomierz, Owrucz, and Kyiv castrum records from the exile period. The state of preservation of those records is presented on the basis of contemporary sources. These records were compared with the information from the contemporary inventory and an archival query conducted by the author /Annex II/. The records of Żytomierz and Owrucz are preserved partially. The Kyiv records predating 1648 were seized by Muscovy. After 1684, new Kyiv records collections has been established, which is still kept in the archives in Kyiv. The sources for the history of the sejmik of Kyiv, which can be found in these books, are presented in the article.