Stannous Fluoride Mouthrinse Research Articles

Efficacy of sodium and stannous fluoride mouthrinses when used before single and multiple erosive challenges.

Application of fluoride mouthrinse before an acidic challenge may decrease enamel erosion. This paper compares the efficacy of stannous (SnF2 ) and sodium (NaF) fluoride when facing single and multiple erosive cycles invitro. Human enamel samples (N=60) were randomly assigned to groups testing SnF2 and NaF mouthrinses (225p.p.m.) and a water control. Samples were allocated into subgroups testing one or five erosive cycles. Samples were immersed in test solution for 1min prior to citric acid immersion (0.3%, pH3.2, 10min), and the cycle repeated either one or five times. Analysis was done using profilometry and microhardness change. After one cycle, SnF2 resulted in least step height followed by NaF and water (1.3μm (0.63), 2.3μm (0.39), 4.3μm (0.41) respectively; P<0.0001). After five cycles SnF2 continued to reduce step height but pre-application of NaF was no different to water (4.6μm (0.7), 10.5μm (1.1) and 11.1μm (0.38) respectively; P<0.0001). There were no statistical differences in microhardness change between fluorides. After one erosive cycle, fluoride application resulted in statistically softer enamel compared with water. Both SnF2 and NaF reduced erosion after one cycle. After five cycles, SnF2 continued to offer protection whereas NaF was statistically comparable with water. Softening of enamel may not imply less erosion has occurred.

Acidogenicity of Buccal Plaque after a Single Rinse with Amine Fluoride – Stannous Fluoride Mouthrinse Solution

Caries and gingivitis prevention may benefit from chemotherapeutic plaque control, therefore we compared in a cross–over study with 5 subjects the anti–acidogenic effects of a single use of AmF–SnF₂ mouthrinse solutions (Meridol^® with and without 5% alcohol) with baseline and with the effects of a placebo and a chlorhexidine mouthrinse (CHX). Buccal plaque was collected 0.5, 3 and 8 h after the subjects used one of the mouthrinses, each time before and after a rinse with 10% sucrose to induce lactic acid production. Samples were analysed for acid anions by capillary electrophoresis and for protein. At 0.5 h after the use of AmF–SnF₂ or CHX, the concentration of acetate in resting plaque was 70% lower than at baseline or after using the placebo. Average post–sucrose acetate and lactate concentrations in the placebo group were 30–80% higher than at baseline; up to 3 h this difference was significant. 8 h after using AmF–SnF₂ or CHX, the post–sucrose acetate and lactate concentrations were still 30–50% lower than after the placebo, and up to 40% lower than at baseline. To conclude, AmF–SnF₂ in both Meridol formulations and CHX were shown to have a similar potency to inhibit acid production after a single rinse.

Clinical effects of using stannous fluoride mouthrinses during a five day study in the absence of oral hygiene

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of stannous fluoride mouthrinses containing 250 or 1000 ppmF on plaque accumulation, gingivitis, microbial composition of plaque, and the ability of saliva to produce acid, in 48 subjects who abstained from oral hygiene for 5 days. Plaque formation was significantly lower in both SnF2 groups. Clinical gingivitis and gingival fluid measurements did not differ. Significant reductions in viable plaque organisms were provided by the fluoride rinses. No change was noted in the proportions of aerobic, anaerobic, gram-positive, or streptococcal bacterial populations. Both fluoride rinses inhibited the ability of saliva to lower the pH of a sugar solution.

Effect of stannous fluoride mouthrinse on dental plaque formation

A double-blind, crossover design study was performed on 29 young adults to test the effectiveness of 0.1% SnF2 mouthrinse (250 ppmF-) on plaque formation using clinical and microbiological criteria. Participants were assigned to either a placebo or SnF2 rinse which was used twice daily for 5 days. After an interim recovery period of 2 days, the participants used the alternate rinse in a similar manner for another 5 days. Clinical data collected at the end of each experimental period included Gingival Index (GI), and plaque scores. Supragingival plaque removed from each subject at the end of the experimental periods was weighed and then microbial enumeration was performed. Results showed that after SnF2 rinses, there were statistically significant reductions (P < 0.01) in plaque wet weight, number of bacteria per milligram plaque (CFU/mg), and total number of bacteria per sample (Total CFU). Visual plaque scores (PS) showed a significant (P < 0.05) but small reduction as a result of SnF2 rinse. No significant difference in gingival inflammation was noted. It is apparent from this study that, besides the well-documented ability of SnF2 to increase the resistance of teeth to demineralization, this agent is capable of reducing plaque formation. Long-term studies are indicated to examine usefulness of SnF2 in the control of early periodontal disease.

Effects of stannous fluoride and tiodonium chloride on dental plaque in rats.

Rats with six-day-old plaque were treated twice daily with mouthrinses containing either tiodonium chloride, stannous fluoride or a placebo. Although the results for tiodonium chloride were unremarkable, stannous fluoride mouthrinses proved to be significantly effective in removing dental plaque and in restricting the ability of plaque to lower the pH of sugar solutions.

Caries‐preventive effect of two concentrations of stannous fluoride mouthrinse

The effectiveness of a stannous fluoride mouthrinse, when used once each school day, was investigated in a 3-year study. Effervescent stannous fluoride tablets of two concentrations were dissolved in 20 ml of water, giving solutions of 100 parts/10(6)F- and 200 parts/10(6)F- respectively. Approximately 1,200 children, with a mean age of 10 years, were divided on a random basis into three groups. Two of the groups rinsed with the two strengths of solution and the third group rinsed with a placebo. Examinations were carried out at the commencement of the study, and at yearly intervals thereafter. The final series was carried out a year after the rinsing procedures were terminated. There were significant reductions in the numbers of new caries in each of the two experimental groups as compared with the controls. The concentration of the solutions appeared to have little influence on the results. More dramatic reductions were noted in the teeth which erupted during the course of the study. A residual effect was demonstrated a year after the rinsing procedures were terminated.

Clinical Evaluation of Stannous Fluoride as an Anticaries Mouthrinse

A clinical trial was designed to evaluate the anticaries benefit of a simple stannous fluoride mouthrinse. The rinse was used by schoolchildren in a program of mouthrinsing once each school day during two school years. The water in the area was fluoridated. A stannous fluoride mouthrinse containing 250 parts per million (ppm) fluoride (approximately 0.1% stannous fluoride), and a control rinse were prepared each day before distribution to the classrooms. Classroom teachers supervised the rinsing procedure that consisted of three successive rinses of 10, 30, and 30 seconds each. Two experienced clinical investigators examined all participating children initially and at the end of the first and second school years. The results from each examiner showed significant reductions in dental caries for the test group at all intervals. In the final results two examiners independently observed caries reductions of 33% and 43% in DMFS scores for the group using the stannous fluoride mouthrinse.