Standard Software Development Research Articles

JAVA BASED FIRST-PERSON SHOOTER (FPS) GAME WITH REMASTERED GRAPHICS

Our project aims to accurately examine an old game's assembly source, comprehend its usefulness, and convert it into efficient Java code. Using Java's object-oriented characteristics, the emphasis is on restructuring and organizing code to make it more maintainable and comprehensible. The successful conversion of this game to Java demonstrates how knowledge of low-level assembly programming can supplement skill in high-level Java programming, resulting in a smooth integration of traditional gameplay with current technology. This integration not only heightens perceptions but also makes the game more accessible to modern audiences, providing an immersive gaming experience that combines the game's original character with contemporary software development standards. The enhanced graphics will also include upgrading game elements including textures, models, and special effects. The enhanced graphics will include improved game assets like textures, models, and special effects, as well as advanced lighting and shading effects. In addition, the game's user interface will be updated to increase use and appearance. The project's goal is to demonstrate the integration of classic FPS gameplay with contemporary graphics technology, providing players with an enhanced gaming experience that combines the recollections of old FPS games with the visual quality of modern gaming. Key Words: - Java programming, game development , FPS game, graphics.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN ACCOUNTING AND AUDIT: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

Researching the problems of digitalization of accounting and auditing in modern Ukraine is a serious scientific and practical task, considering the challenges of the post-war domestic economy and trends in the development of the accounting profession in the world. The purpose of the work is to study the current state and the nearest prospects of the use of modern information technologies in the accounting and auditing activities of Ukrainian economic entities from the point of view of identifying problems and developing ways to solve them. The work examines the requirements for modern accounting software products of domestic enterprises, highlights the financial and organizational problems of realizing the intention of automation, proposes state support measures for small and medium-sized enterprises in relation to the development of standard software with industry configurations, training of personnel domestic higher education institutions. Popular programs of foreign practice of automating the audit process were studied, TeamMate+ Audit, CaseWare IDEA, Wolters Kluwer CCH Audit Accelerator. The influence of the state of war on the domestic audit activity is identified, the main problems are highlighted and the directions for their solution are proposed through the stimulation of audit activity subjects to digitalization by state bodies and bodies of professional self-governance. The essence of modern information technologies, which are trends in the development of the accounting profession in the world, is also considered: cognitive technologies, predictive analytics, cloud platforms. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn. As directions for further research, the identification of problems in the implementation of the bachelor’s educational program “Digital accounting and taxation” of Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University from the point of view of solving the issues is proposed.

Finest Magic Cloth or a Naked Emperor? The SKQuest Data Set on Software Metrics for Improving Transparency and Quality

Software development has a problem with transparency/visibility. As an intangible product, software and its intermediate development results are hard to see or touch. Customers of custom software have difficulties checking progress, and risk coming out with costly but low-quality software. In the space domain with its often expensive and one-of-a-kind devices, which are developed in complex multitier supply chains, the risk is even greater. This paper presents the SKQuest data set. It contains the completed responses with 190 variables from an empirical study with over 100 software experts. The data set covers distinct aspects of measuring metrics and transparency in software projects. To show what information lies in the data set, the paper investigates, and affirms, from different perspectives, the following questions: Is transparency a problem in software development projects? Is there a desire for more transparency in projects? Can metrics contribute to improving the situation? Moreover, it attempts to replicate the results of an earlier study. The main contribution of this paper is, however, the SKQuest data set that is published with this paper in CSV formatas. It is a tool that enables systematic investigations of software metrics and allows research on how they can improve the efficiency of the software lifecycle, not limited to, but particularly with respect to transparency. Consequently, the paper may serve as a starting point for future research avenues in academia and industry and help to improve existing and future standards in software development.

Technical Debt Guild

Efficient Technical Debt Management (TDM) requires specialized guidance so that decisions taken are oriented to add value to the business. Because it is a complex problem that involves several variables, TDM requires a systemic look that considers professionals' experiences from different specialties. Guilds have been a means technology companies have united specialized professionals around a common interest, especially those using the Spotify methodology. This paper presents the experience of implementing a guild to support TDM's activities in a software development organization using the action research method. The project lasted three years, and approximately 120 developers were involved in updating about 63,300 source-code files, 2,314 test cases, 2,097 automated test scripts, and the build pipeline. The actions resulting from the TDM guild's efforts impacted the company's culture by introducing new software development practices and standards. Besides, they positively influenced the quality of the artifacts delivered by the developers. This study shows that, as the company acquires maturity in TDM, it increases the need for professionals dedicated to TDM's activities.

FLUKAVAL – A validation framework for the FLUKA radiation transport Monte Carlo code

The FLUKA general purpose radiation transport Monte Carlo code being developed and maintained by CERN (https://fluka.cern) has adopted modern software development standards including a formal quality assurance process. This includes the FLUKAVAL testing framework that takes into account the specific needs of testing a Monte Carlo radiation transport simulation code. FLUKAVAL allows to submit, process and validate a large number of test cases for a new FLUKA version and compare the results against previous versions and reference data. It produces a quantitative and qualitative comparison and compiles a summary report over all selected test cases, which is reviewed before the new FLUKA version is released. The overall validation requires only few manual steps and makes use of large computing clusters to run simulations in parallel.

Accessibility of the node-red iot framework: an integrative review

Industry 4.0 technologies are rising in the international market, especially the Internet of Things, better known as IoT (Internet of Things). The demand for software development for IoT technologies is also growing. Considering that human beings have several disabilities and specific needs, including among the professionals who can develop and deploy the technology, this work aimed tounderstand if there is accessibility in the IoT framework Node-Red®. To do so, an integrative literature review evaluated the use of the Node-Red framework®. We observed how the researchers applied the technologies and if there is accessibility and adequacy to the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) rules since the W3C regulates ideal software development standards, including those of accessibility. With the analysis, it was possible to evidence that there are simple movements in favor of User Experience (UX) and accessibility in a generic way in several scenarios, from home use, business, industry, and health. The search results were demonstrated through data categorization, synthesis matrix, and descriptive analysis. The knowledge discussion and synthesis pointed out the contribution points of each paper and the literature gaps on accessibility for an IoT framework. Our findings showed that each paper contributed to this discussion and argued that even though there are no significant limitations pointed out by the authors reviewed for IoT implementation and accessibility, and they also discussed little or nothing about accessibility and W3C standards in their papers.

Investigating the Support for Agility in Developing Government Software Systems: A Case of Three East African Countries

Agile Software Development Methods support an iterative and incremental way of developing software systems while responding to change by prioritising various aspects at different times. This differs from traditional sequential methods like Waterfall, in which one software development stage has to be completed before starting the next stage. To produce software systems that meet the requirements of their institutions, several governments in Africa have issued standards and guidelines to be followed during the development of government software systems. Such standards and guidelines specify the specific activities and deliverables for each stage of software development. While well-intentioned, such guidelines and standards can also hinder creativity and innovation which could be key to producing good quality and sustainable software systems. Given the degree of leniency that they offer, Agile methods could give room for such creativity and innovation among team members. However, despite such good potential in Agile methods, the literature lacks evidence regarding if and how the software development guidelines and standards issued by several African governments support agility. Various documents from three East African countries were reviewed, to determine if and how they support for agility during the development of government software systems. Guidelines and standards were reviewed using the lens of four Agile Values stated in the Agile manifesto. Results show the following: there is a marked lack of support for agility during the development of government software systems; the standards and guidelines are generally characterised by excessive micromanagement of the development process, leaving little or no room for innovation and creativity amongst members of the development teams; and the guidelines seem to assume uniformity across development projects, irrespective of the fact that software development projects can vary depending specific contextual dictates. Furthermore, recommendations on how governments can adopt and support agility during software development are provided.

SRE_BBC: A Self-Adaptive Security Enabled Requirements Engineering Approach for SLA Smart Contracts in Blockchain-Based Cloud Systems.

Current blockchain-based cloud (BBC) systems have several security vulnerabilities regarding smart contracts (SC), and several attacks have been reported recently. The SC development lacks standard design processes that follow software lifecycle principles to model secure SC. Secondly, the security mechanisms in the SC are not constantly evolved to resist evolving adversary attacks. BBC systems lack self-adaptive security capability to make spontaneous decisions when adversarial attacks are encountered. To build a self-adaptive secure BBC system that follows standard software development lifecycle principles to model secure SC, we propose the so-called self-adaptive security RE_BBC framework. The framework would utilize the MAPE-BBC adaptation loop to make decisions internally based on the threat models, goal models, and service level agreement (SLA) SC security specifications. The framework identifies vulnerabilities and threats and takes precautionary measures using self-adaptive SC agents. We validated the proposed methodology theoretically and empirically, and statistically proved the research questions and hypothesis using the t-test and Mann–Whitney U test. Subsequently, we compare our proposed approach with the Security Quality Requirements Engineering approach (SQUARE). The feasibility results and the replicated study results indicate that the proposed approach outperformed the SQUARE approach in terms of artifacts quality, self-adaptive security evaluation quality, efficiency in response time, complexity, and usefulness of the proposed approach for the Healthcare Data Management (HDM) system. SC security developers can immensely benefit from our proposed methodology. They need not reengineer SC from scratch; depending on their security needs and plan, the contract can be adapted to execute a new plan.

Recommendations for IVDR compliant in-house software development in clinical practice: a how-to paper with three use cases.

The In Vitro Diagnostics Regulation (IVDR) will be effective in May 2022 by which in-house developed tests need to apply to the general safety and performance requirements defined in Annex I of the IVDR ruling. Yet, article 16 from Annex I about software can be hard to interpret and implement, particularly as laboratories are unfamiliar with quality standards for software development. In this paper we provide recommendations on organizational structure, standards to use, and documentation, for IVDR compliant in-house software development. A practical insight is offered into novel standard operating procedures using three examples: an Excel file with a formula to calculate the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and to calculate the new dose, a rule for automated diagnosis of acute kidney injury and a bioinformatics pipeline for DNA variant calling. We recommend multidisciplinary development teams supported by higher management, use of ISO-15189 in synergy with IEC-62304, and concise documentation that includes intended purpose, classification, requirement management, risk management, verification and validation, configuration management and references to clinical or performance evidence.

Development of a Web-Based Administrative Information System for Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Macolliloloe Village

This study aims to determine the results of developing a web-based BUMDes administrative information system in Macolliloloe Village and testing a website-based BUMDes administrative information system using the ISO 25010 standard. This study is a Research and Development (RD) research. It uses a prototype development model consisting of the stage of gathering requirements, building prototypes, evaluating prototypes, coding the system, testing the system, evaluating the system, and using the system and collecting data in this study using interviews, questionnaires, measurement software, and documentation. System testing in this study uses several quality standards for software development, namely ISO 25010, including the functional suitability aspect with the results of a decent and acceptable category, the performance efficiency aspect with class B results, the usability aspect with excellent category results, the reliability aspect with the acceptable category results. Received is worth 100% without errors and portability with very decent results. Based on the results of this study, a web-based BUMDes administrative information system development was produced in Macolliloloe Village. It could be used to manage BUMDes administration using the prototype method with aspects of the ISO 25010 standard.

Semantically Valid Integration of Development Processes and Toolchains

As an indispensable component of today’s world economy and an increasing success factor in production and other processes, as well as products, software needs to handle a growing number of specific requirements and influencing factors that are driven by globalization. Two common success factors in the domain of Software Systems Engineering are standardized software development processes and process-supported toolchains. Development processes should be formally integrated with toolchains. The sequence and the results of toolchains must also be validated with the specifications of the development process on several levels. The outcome of a conceptual deductive analysis is that there is neither a formal general mapping nor a generally accepted validation mechanism for the challenges that such an integrated concept faces. To close this research gap, this paper focuses on the core issue of the integration of development processes and toolchains in order to create benefits for modeling and automatization in the domain of systems engineering. Therefore, it describes a self-developed integration approach related to the recently introduced prototypical technical implementation TOPWATER. A unified metamodel specifies how processes and toolchains are linked by a general mapping mechanism that considers test options for the structural, content, and semantic levels.

Agent-Oriented Software Engineering Methodologies: Analysis and Future Directions

The Internet of Things (IoT) facilitates in building cyber-physical systems, which are significant for Industry 4.0. Agent-based computing represents effective modeling, programming, and simulation paradigm to develop IoT systems. Agent concepts, techniques, methods, and tools are being used in evolving IoT systems. Over the last years, in particular, there has been an increasing number of agent approaches proposed along with an ever-growing interest in their various implementations. Yet a comprehensive and full-fledged agent approach for developing related projects is still lacking despite the presence of agent-oriented software engineering (AOSE) methodologies. One of the moves towards compensating for this issue is to compile various available methodologies, ones that are comparable to the evolution of the unified modeling language (UML) in the domain of object-oriented analysis and design. These have become de facto standards in software development. In line with this objective, the present research attempts to comprehend the relationship among seven main AOSE methodologies. More specifically, we intend to assess and compare these seven approaches by conducting a feature analysis through examining the advantages and limitations of each competing process, structural analysis, and a case study evaluation method. This effort is made to address the significant characteristics of AOSE approaches. The main objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of selected AOSE methodologies and provide a proposal of a draft unified approach that drives strengths (best) of these methodologies towards advancement in this area.

ON THE ISSUES OF RISK ASSESSMENT IN ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY

Abstract. The purpose of the study is to consider topical issues of risk assessment in entrepreneurial decision-making, to justify them using appropriate tools for managing economic processes in both short-term and long-term prospects. These needs are caused by constant changes in the product market, a large number of factors influencing the dynamics of the resource market, significant uncertainty of economic characteristics of these factors and lack of unambiguous analytical relationships between them. The purpose of the article is to generalize theoretical approaches to justifying adequate management decisions in the conditions of uncertainty and risks inherent in market economy. On the basis of analysis of the current state of solving the problems related to management of economic production systems, it is concluded that currently the most important issue is to solve the following problems: to perform the tasks related to efficient use of production resources of the enterprise – both own ones and those involved at each stage of production; to perform the tasks related to analysis of the use of fixed assets, analysis of material costs, productivity, production costs, as well as the tasks aimed at analyzing effectiveness of decision-making related to the choice of alternative investment projects; the tasks related to analysis of the efficiency of capital structure by sources of formation and directions of investment in assets, production and sales, and product quality, working capital turnover, efficiency of own and borrowed funds, business structure in the securities market. And such problems must be solved using analytical methods, economic and mathematical methods in the conditions of uncertainty. Development of standard methods and software for them is impossible without clear classification of analytical tasks that would adequately take into account all aspects of modern production activities of the enterprise and consider decisionmaking processes in close connection with all other stages of the enterprise. Keywords: risk assessment, entrepreneurial activity, entrepreneurship, business activity

Developments in Aerospace Software Engineering practices for VSEs: An overview of the process requirements and practices of integrated Maturity models and Standards

As part of the evolution of the Space market in the last years – globally referred to as Space 2.0 - small companies are playing an increasingly relevant role in different aerospace projects. Business incubators established by European Space Agency (ESA) and similar entities are evidence of the need of moving initiatives to small companies characterized by greater flexibility to develop specific activities. Software is a key component in most aerospace projects, and the success of the initiatives and projects usually depends on the capability of developing reliable software following well-defined standards. But small entities face some difficulties when adopting software development standards that have been conceived thinking on larger organizations and big programs. The need of defining software development standards tailored to small companies and groups is a permanent subject of discussion not only in the aerospace field, and has led in recent years to the publication of the ISO/IEC 29110 series of systems and software engineering standards and guides, aimed to solve the issues that Very Small Entities (VSEs) () – settings having up to twenty-five people -, found with other standards like CMMI® or SPICE. This paper discusses the tailoring defined by different aerospace organizations for VSEs in the aerospace industry, and presents a conceptual arrangement of the standard based on meta-modeling languages that allow the extension and full customization with the incorporation of specific software engineering requirements and practices from ECSS (European Cooperation for Space Standardization).

Information retrieval-based bug localization approach with adaptive attribute weighting

Software quality assurance is one of the crucial factors for the success of software projects. Bug fixing has an essential role in software quality assurance, and bug localization (BL) is the first step of this process. BL is difficult and time-consuming since the developers should understand the flow, coding structure, and the logic of the program. Information retrieval-based bug localization (IRBL) uses the information of bug reports and source code to locate the section of code in which the bug occurs. It is difficult to apply other tools because of the diversity of software development languages, design patterns, and development standards. The aim of this study is to build an adaptive IRBL tool and make it usable by more companies. BugSTAiR solves the aforementioned problem by means of the adaptive attribute weighting (AAW) algorithm and is evaluated on four open-source projects which are well-known benchmark datasets on BL. One of them is BLIA which is the state of the art in bug localization area and another is BLUIR which is a well-known BL tool. According to the promising results of experiments, Top1 rank of BugSTAiR is 2% and MAP is 10% better than BLIA's results on AspectJ and it has localized 4.6% of all bugs in Top1 and its precision is 6.1% better than BLIA on SWT, respectively. On the other side, it is 20% better in the Top1 metric and 30% in precision than BLUIR.

ELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR TRANSLATION OF TEXT INFORMATION IN MORSE CODE WITH LED INDICATION

The work is devoted to the development of an electronic device for translating text information into Morse code with LED indication. Light signals were used to transmit messages encoded with Morse code. In the process of work, an electronic module “Arduino Nano v.3.0” was designed, including a microcontroller that allows you to connect external devices via a standard USB bus, an LED, the operation of which can be controlled by using it for light transmission of information by Morse code. The electronic module used in this project includes a CH340G microcircuit designed to emulate the UART COM port on the computer's USB bus. To develop the program code for the electronic module “Arduino Nano” in this work, we used the standard software development environment Arduino IDE, which contains useful libraries. For a set of text information intended for transmission by Morse code, any standard program that controls the COM port can be used.

The Visualization of ISO/IEC29110 on SCRUM under EPF Composer

In the midst of an increasingly competitive software industry, very small entities (VSEs) have inevitably faced many challenges. High user expectations, frequent changes of user requirements, and the need for rapid deployment are classic examples of these challenges. Many software companies attempt to implement measures for preventing or solving the aforementioned problems. The use of agile methodologies and the implementation of software development standards are usually perceived to be promising solutions to improve the quality of the software development process. Nevertheless, there are several strong incompatibilities between standards and the Agile approach to software development. For example, the need identified in the standards to create many quality artifacts does not conform to agility philosophies. Since Agile focuses on the working software over the documentation, the use of the Agile with standards can be difficult to implement. Additionally, there has been none guidelines for VSE therefore, an external consultant is usually required. This research analyzes various cases of implementing ISO/IEC29110, a software development standard developed especially for VSEs in Scrum environments. The results of this study provide an Eclipse Process Framework (EPF) for effectively and conveniently implementing this standard in Scrum software development.

A Safety Analysis Method of Airborne Software Based on ARP4761

Most of the functions of civil aircraft are achieved through software at present. Therefore, the safety of airborne software has become an important part of safety analysis. However, to achieve complex functions, the onboard software becomes very complicated, and it is usually difficult to guarantee safety. ARP4761(Guidelines and Methods for Conducting the Safety Assessment Process on Civil Airborne Systems and Equipment) is an important safety assessment guideline for civil aircraft, but it believes that software development can satisfy safety as long as the software development process complies with the software development standards, instead of incorporating the software into the safety analysis process. To improve airborne software safety, this paper proposes a safety analysis method based on the ARP4761 process which is tailored to adapt to the software. In the software requirements and design, the method uses FHA(Functional Hazard Assessment) to analyze the hazards of the software and define the hazard levels, then use FTA(Fault Tree Analysis) to build a software fault tree, and carry out CCA(Common Cause Analysis) analysis based on the fault tree; after the software development is completed, the method uses FMEA(Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) and FMES(Failure Modes and Effects Summary) to summarize the failures of the software and return these failures to the fault tree to determine whether the software can meet the defined requirements. At the end of the article, an anti-icing software is used as an example to explain the process and effectiveness of the method.

Scrumban: An Agile Integration of Scrum and Kanban in Software Engineering

Software Engineering (SE) technologies are emerging day by day and seeking ABPR (Agile Business Process Reengineering) for Software Engineering Management (SEM) frameworks in software development organizations. BPR can enable organizational capabilities to initiate and implement critical change in execution. Under the roof of agile and on the base of empiricism, the Scrum has been proven itself as an ABPR approach for software engineering management in the software development organizations, across the world, by improving productivity, self-organization and collaboration for standard software development processes. Scrum has been leading software project development practices using its own characteristics: Artifacts, Pillars, Values, Events and Roles. But still software project development organizations are facing some issues with their software project development and management processes, like no documentation policy which results into inaccurate estimation, internal states of each work item flowing through the Scrum Board, Sprint tracker and prediction towards goal achievement which can be considered as challenges for Scrum due its limitations as well as Scrum does not allow, any alteration in its rules. Such issues have raised a question against implementation of Scrum and have opened the door for the next level of research to answer the question, how to overcome the limitations of Scrum. Kanban can provide the solution to some of these issues but it can’t provide complete SEM solutions to software Development Organizations. The aim of this research study is empirical analysis about how the formation of hybrid framework Scrumban as an integration of Scrum with Kanban, can resolve challenges of Scrum; using literature reviews, case study reviews, and research surveys; and this research has proposed a conceptual customized Scrumban framework, by keeping Kanban in the center of customization under the bound of Scrum rules. This research also concludes limitations of Scrumban, like project documentation, planning, large scaled project, distributed environment, team capabilities etc.; as each method has its own limitations.

The future of legume genetic data resources: Challenges, opportunities, and priorities

AbstractLegumes, comprising one of the largest, most diverse, and most economically important plant families, are the subject of vibrant research and development worldwide. Continued improvement of legume crops will benefit from the recent proliferation of genetic (including genomic) resources; but the diversity, scale, and complexity of these resources presents challenges to those managing and using them. A workshop held in March of 2019 addressed questions of data resources and priorities for the legumes. The workshop identified various needs and recommendations: (a) Develop strategies to effectively store, integrate, and relate genetic resources collected in different projects. (b) Leverage information collected across many legume species by standardizing data formats and ontologies, improving the state of metadata about datasets, and increasing use of the FAIR data principles. (c) Advocate for the critical role that curators exercise in integrating complex datasets into databases and adding high value metadata that enable downstream analytics and facilitate practical applications. (d) Implement standardized software and database development practices to best leverage limited developer time and expertise gained from the various legume (and other) species. (e) Develop tools and databases that can manage genetic information for the world's plant genetic resources, enabling efficient incorporation of important traits into breeding programs. (f) Centralize information on databases, tools, and training materials and establish funding streams to support training and outreach.