Stand-alone Photovoltaic Power Generation Research Articles

Performance analysis of standalone photovoltaic power generation in different load conditions in India

The conversion of solar energy into electrical energy by the design of energy-efficient way is the key objective of this paper, which can be used as a main source of power for the main building of Polytechnic Institute to meet its daily energy requirement by replacing the all exist-ing fluorescent lighting loads to LEDs. The main purpose to choose a standalone photovoltaic system is due to the huge power cut in this location. This institute is situated in a rural area of West Bengal, India. The use of photovoltaic power relies upon assortment factors, such as structuring, topographical area, climate condition, sun-based irradiance, and burden utilization. Point by point use examinations including the two sorts of lighting burden, establishment, and upkeep of sun-based PV framework amid its life expectancy has been completed. Moreover, the analysis has two dimensions, one is cost comparison and payback calculation with respect to energy by replacement of load and another is, though the initial investment is high in a off-grid photovoltaic system, during the life span of the scheme, it not only returns this capital in-vestment but also gains substantial dividend.

A STRUCTURE APPROACH FOR A PHOTOVOLTAIC STATION CONTROL BASED ON ADAPTIVE FUZZY AGENT

The solar energy is directly converted into electrical energy by solar PV module. Each type of PV module has its own specific characteristic corresponding to the surrounding condition such as irradiation, and temperature and this makes the tracking of maximum power point (MPP) a complicated problem. To overcome this problem, many maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control algorithms have been presented. Fuzzy logic (FL) has been used for tracking the MPP of PV modules because it has the advantages of being robust, relatively simple to design and does not require the knowledge of an exact model where a mathematical model of the PV module, DC-DC converter, are used in the study of FL based MPPT algorithm. It is suggested to present this problem in the form of two-folds; first to identify the deviation of the power to maximum power point, and secondly, to control the voltage of the DC-DC converter corresponding to maximum power. In this paper, the first discussion approach will stress out the integration of model predictive control in maximum power point tracking MPPT and as progressing a second approach is identified as fuzzy logic controller FLC and perturb & Observe P&O algorithms are analyzed. All are interrelated to MPPT model for a photovoltaic module, PVM, to search for and generate the maximum power; in this case what’s called P-max. As per the first technique the focus is on the optimal duty ratio, D, for a series of multi diverse types of converters and load matching. The design of the MPPT for a stand-alone photovoltaic power generation system is applied where the system will consist of a solar array with nonlinear time varying characteristics, and a converter with appropriate filters. The integration of model predictive control will be addressed first in this paper. The second fold will implement an MPPT system that use the FLC and compare it with a classical MPPT P&O algorithm through the utilization of Simulink. The novel design in the FLC will be based on the use of asymmetrical membership functions to compensate for the asymmetrical P-V curve of solar panel.

Pumped storage-based standalone photovoltaic power generation system: Modeling and techno-economic optimization

Standalone renewable energy (RE) systems hold the most promising solution to the electrification of remote areas without utility grid access, while a feasible energy storage is a core part for achieving a continuous and reliable power supply since RE is usually intermittent and weather dependent. In the present study, the pumped hydro storage system is proposed, which is considered as a promising technology for solar energy penetration and particularly for small autonomous systems in remote areas. The mathematical models for the major components are developed, and system reliability and economic criteria are discussed as a benchmark for optimization. The genetic algorithm (GA), along with Pareto optimality concept, is used for the system techno-economic optimization: to maximize power supply reliability and minimize system lifecycle cost simultaneously. The proposed methodology is applied on a real remote inhabited island without power supply. System sizing, simulation and optimization are carried out using single-objective and double-objective GA technique. The performance of the optimal case under zero LPSP is examined. This study demonstrates that the proposed models and optimization algorithm is effective and can be used for other similar studies in the future.

Bidirectional DC–DC soft‐switching converter for stand‐alone photovoltaic power generation systems

In this study, the authors focused on developing a bidirectional power converter for a stand-alone photovoltaic power generation system when a lithium-ion battery is used to regulate the power supply. Also, a small-scale air-conditioner was provided as the load for the bidirectional power converter developed to examine the efficiency of the converter. The overall framework of the proposed system comprised a maximum power point tracking controller, bidirectional buck-boost soft-switching converter, lithium-ion battery and small-scale air-conditioner. By attaching a resonant branch to a general bidirectional buck-boost converter and applying a simple switching signal control, soft switching was achieved, thereby increasing the power conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system. Some measurement results are made to verify the feasibility of the developed bidirectional dc-dc soft-switching converter for stand-alone photovoltaic power generation systems.

A Maximum Power Point Tracking System With Parallel Connection for PV Stand-Alone Applications

This paper presents the analysis, design, and implementation of a parallel connected maximum power point tracking (MPPT) system for stand-alone photovoltaic power generation. The parallel connection of the MPPT system reduces the negative influence of power converter losses in the overall efficiency because only a part of the generated power is processed by the MPPT system. Furthermore, all control algorithms used in the classical series-connected MPPT can be applied to the parallel system. A simple bidirectional dc-dc power converter is proposed for the MPPT implementation and presents the functions of battery charger and step-up converter. The operation characteristics of the proposed circuit are analyzed with the implementation of a prototype in a practical application.

VTB-Based Design of a Standalone Photovoltaic Power System

Design and prototyping of a standalone photovoltaic power generation system using the Virtual Test Bed software environment is presented. The design includes establishing physics-based models for components, prototyping system architectures, implementing control algorithms, testing and evaluating the system performance using the actual weather data at a particular geographical location. The dynamic performance of the photovoltaic power system and its components are revealed in great details through the system level simulation. This knowledge is used for verification and improvements of the system design in order to achieve the best system power capability, efficiency and size.

VTB-Based Design of a Standalone Photovoltaic Power System

Abstract Design and prototyping of a standalone photovoltaic power generation system using the Virtual Test Bed software environment is presented. The design includes establishing physics-based models for components, prototyping system architectures, implementing control algorithms, testing and evaluating the system performance using the actual weather data at a particular geographical location. The dynamic performance of the photovoltaic power system and its components are revealed in great details through the system level simulation. This knowledge is used for verification and improvements of the system design in order to achieve the best system power capability, efficiency and size.

Optimal sizing of stand-alone photovoltaic solar power systems

We examine simple yet accurate analytic procedures for designing optimal stand-alone photovoltaic power generation systems. Solar electricity systems can represent a cost-effective alternative to high cost, conventional, diesel-fired generators, particularly in developing countries where most of the population lives in rural and isolated areas. However, the lack of simple but accurate analytic design tools currently results in either (a) significant, wasteful oversizing or (b) extremely high design costs for one-of-a-kind projects. The analytic solutions discussed here can bring the price of stand-alone photovoltaic systems to economic viabilty at today's hardware and fuel prices, and can also enable local designers in developing countries to design these systems economically and on their own. The analytic models are based on the theory of stochastic processes, and stem from analyses originally developed for analogous water reservoir, queueing and insurance risk problems.