Stages Of Technology Life Cycle Research Articles

Some aspects of technology transfer

Technological transfer is a complex and varied process, being realized out at different stages of technology readiness level. Being essentially a trading, technology transfer is fully subject to market laws. The technology transfer strategy and tactics are strongly influenced by the degree of technology's readiness level, systemic character, functional orientation and universality, technical and economic determination degrees that can be specified and determined in accordance with the stages of technology life cycle.

Patent-Based Technology Life Cycle Analysis: The Case of the Petroleum Industry

Making decisions to determine the current stage of technology life cycle (TLC) based on reliable data, is necessary. The inherent links between patents and science and technology make them essential sources for data on any technology. In the light of this, and considering the importance of patent information for the firm’s strategic decisions, we have attempted to use patent data as a source of information to identify the level of a technology in the S-Curve. This paper starts with the literature review of the life cycle and the role of patents at the various stages of technology development, and then focuses on a technology trend analysis framework using patent data, and discusses the life cycle of CO2 injection technology in the upstream sector of worldwide oil and gas industry. In the final section, the results are presented based on the analysis of the patent data on CO2 injection technology as were recommendations concerning the application of the methodology in future studies as it might be an effective tool for better analyzing any desired technology.

Stochastic technology life cycle analysis using multiple patent indicators

Technology life cycle analysis plays a crucial role in setting up investment-related strategies. The dominant approach to technology life cycle analysis utilizes curve fitting techniques to observe technological performance over time. However, doubts have been expressed about the accuracy and reliability of this method, due to its use of single indicators and the necessity of making assumptions about pre-determined growth curves. As a remedy, we propose a stochastic technology life cycle analysis that uses multiple patent indicators to examine a technology's progression through its life cycle. We define and extract seven time-series patent indicators from the United States Patent and Trademark Office database, and employ a hidden Markov model—which is an unsupervised machine learning technique based on a doubly stochastic process—to estimate the probability of a technology being at a certain stage of its life cycle. Based on this model, this paper also investigates patterns of technology life cycles, future prospects of a technology's progression, and characteristics of patent indicators between technology life cycle stages. The systematic process and quantitative outcomes the proposed approach offers can facilitate responsive and objective technology life cycle analysis. A case of molecular amplification diagnosis technology is presented.

What drives technology convergence? Exploring the influence of technological and resource allocation contexts

Although many studies emphasize the importance of technology convergence, comparatively few ask, What drives technology convergence?. This study empirically demonstrates how technological and resource allocation contexts nourish technology convergence. We use the data from government-supported R&D projects in Korea and measure convergent patents as ones with multi-assigned R&D domains. The results show that earlier stage of technology life cycle, lower technology readiness level, longer R&D timespan, or smaller R&D budget lead to the creation of technology convergence. The results justify the policy supports for technology convergence and highlight the paradoxical relationship between the affluence of R&D resources and technology convergence.

Political Perspective on Technology Alliances – the Case of Microsoft and Google

The article presents technological alliances as political activities, helping establish coalitions, co-opt supporters and eliminate rivals. Using the example of Microsoft’s and Google’s partner ecosystems, it discusses specific partnership techniques and their relevance for technology companies. The article offers a rich picture of developments of Microsoft Windows and Google Android platforms, combined with the steps taken by both companies to ensure support from partner firms. The effectiveness of financial, marketing and technological incentives as well as of deterrents depends on expected outcomes (such as: decreasing transaction costs, creating lock-ins, stimulating innovativeness or restricting development of competitive products) and technology life cycle stages. The article helps shape partnership strategies and optimize investments, needed to motivate and control partners.