Receptive Stage Research Articles

A Review of the ‘Urf on the Law Governing the Customary Marriage Practice of Pakake Anak Daro in the Mandailing Tribe

This research investigates the alignment of ‘urf with Islamic law in the context of the Pakake Anak Daro customary marriage among the Mandailing tribe in Singkuang Village. Adopting a mixed-method approach, the study explores the role of ‘urf within this marriage practice and its adaptation to modern times. Findings reveal that Pakake Anak Daro is a meaningful customary marriage rich in cultural values. It encompasses various processions, spanning pre-wedding, wedding, reception, and post-wedding stages, serving to strengthen cultural identity, foster social bonds, and express gratitude to Allah. The practice fulfills the ‘urf sahih (valid) criteria in Islamic law, embodying benefits, widespread acceptance, historical roots, and non-contradiction with Sharia principles. Pakake Anak Daro exemplifies the harmonious coexistence of local traditions and religious principles, contributing to Indonesia’s rich cultural tapestry. The study recommends collaboration among the Government, Religious Leaders, Customary Leaders, and Indigenous People to safeguard and promote this customary marriage as an integral part of Indonesia’s cultural heritage.

Reception of War Trauma in Art: Measures of Permissible Cruelty of Reflection

The aim of the article is to study the reflection of percepting the war trauma in art in the context of the cruelty problem. Results. Ways of reception of the war topic issue in art are viewed, as well as conflict, struggle and manifestation are indicated. After conducting interviews and questionnaires, two paradigms are determined in grounding the war reception: 1) “two paradigms, possible solutions aimed at overcoming this conflict are determined. Scientific novelty. The ways of reception of the war trauma in art through reflection and adaptation are separated and analysed. Art is a safe refuge”, therefore, everything that can injure should be avoided, and during wartime, art should be exclusively entertaining (the leading directions are adaptation and allegorical escapist reflection without direct reference to traumatic topics), and 2) “Naturalistic art about war”, according to which art should be as serious and tragic as possible, faithfully convey the war horrors, avoid entertaining content (the ways of reception are naturalistic reflection and actions of art activism in manifestation options (murals) and struggle (actions of artistic resistance)). Conclusions. The conducted research shows that despite the fierce competition, the paradigms are not controversial but complementary in nature. They reflect different stages of reception and, accordingly, the aspirations of various social segments that go through these stages of trauma perception. If only one of these paradigms is defined as a generally accepted cultural policy, this can significantly discriminate some part of population: entertainment content traumatises those social segments that have undergone adaptation and are now actively working to overcome it. Therefore, they feel guilty for not being serious and sympathetic to suffering. Naturalistic art can traumatise those who suffered from the war, have not yet passed the stage of adaptation, have not yet received psychological help, do not know the means of stabilization, and seek to replenish their resource of positive emotions through art. As well as denying the entertainment component, avoiding cruelty in art is not a solution of the problem, because in times of war people are in different life situations, and turn to art with various purposes. The practice of warning about somewhat sensitive content is quite effective, helping art to find a proper audience and helping to overcome trauma.

Glyphosate and a glyphosate-based herbicide dysregulate the epigenetic landscape of Homeobox A10 (Hoxa10) gene during the endometrial receptivity in Wistar rats.

We observed that gestational plus lactational exposure to glyphosate (Gly), as active ingredient, or a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) lead to preimplantation losses in F1 female Wistar rats. Here, we investigated whether GBH and/or Gly exposure could impair Hoxa10 gene transcription by inducing epigenetic changes during the receptive stage in rats, as a possible herbicide mechanism implicated in implantation failures. F0 dams were treated with Gly or a GBH through a food dose of 2mg Gly/kg bw/day from gestational day (GD) 9 up to lactational day 21. F1 female rats were bred, and uterine tissues were analyzed on GD5 (preimplantation period). Transcripts levels of Hoxa10, DNA methyltransferases (Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b), histone deacetylases (Hdac-1 and Hdac-3) and histone methyltransferase (EZH2) were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Four CpG islands containing sites targeted by BstUI methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme and predicted transcription factors (TFs) were identified in Hoxa10 gene. qPCR-based methods were used to evaluate DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (hPTMs) in four regulatory regions (RRs) along the gene by performing methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, respectively. GBH and Gly downregulated Hoxa10 mRNA. GBH and Gly increased DNA methylation levels and Gly also induced higher levels than GBH in all the RRs analyzed. Both GBH and Gly enriched histone H3 and H4 acetylation in most of the RRs. While GBH caused higher H3 acetylation, Gly caused higher H4 acetylation in all RRs. Finally, GBH and Gly enhanced histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) marker at 3 out of 4 RRs studied which was correlated with increased EZH2 levels. In conclusion, exposure to GBH and Gly during both gestational plus lactational phases induces epigenetic modifications in regulatory regions of uterine Hoxa10 gene. We show for the first time that Gly and a GBH cause comparable gene expression and epigenetic changes. Our results might contribute to delineate the mechanisms involved in the implantation failures previously reported. Finally, we propose that epigenetic information might be a valuable tool for risk assessment in the near future, although more research is needed to establish a cause-effect relationship.

The role of microRNAs in the regulation of critical genes and signalling pathways that determine endometrial receptivity.

Endometrial receptivity is the ability of the endometrium to accept embryos. Thus, endometrial receptivity dysfunction is an important factor leading to embryo implantation failure. A good endometrial receptivity provides a suitable environment for embryo implantation, improving the embryo implantation rate. The "implantation window" stage, or the receptive stage of the endometrium, is regulated by various hormones, genes, proteins and cytokines, among which microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes have a regulatory effect on endometrial receptivity. This review outlines the relationship between endometrial receptivity and pregnancy, the mRNAs and related signalling pathways that regulate endometrial receptivity, and the regulatory role of miRNA in endometrial receptivity, providing a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of miRNA on endometrial receptivity in humans and animals and reference for the endometrial receptivity-related research.

ST6GALNAC1-mediated sialylation in uterine endometrial epithelium facilitates the epithelium-embryo attachment

IntroductionEmbryo implantation requires synergistic interaction between the embryo and the receptive endometrium. Glycoproteins and glycan-binding proteins are involved in endometrium-embryo attachment. Sialyl Tn (sTn), a truncated O-glycan, is catalyzed by ST6 N-Acetylgalactosaminide Alpha-2,6-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GALNAC1) and can be detected by specific Sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs). Whether the sTn-Siglecs axis supports embryo implantation remains unknown. ObjectivesThis paper aims to study the role of ST6GALNAC1/sTn-Siglecs axis in embryo implantation. MethodsST6GALNAC1 and sTn in human endometrium were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. An in vitro implantation model was conducted to evaluate the effects of ST6GALNAC1/sTn on the receptivity of human endometrial AN3CA cells to JAR spheroids. Immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry analysis was carried out to identify the key proteins modified by sTn in endometrial cells. Siglec-6 in human embryos was analyzed by published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets. Protein interaction assay was applied to verify the bond between the Siglec-6 with sTn-modified CD44. St6galnac1 siRNAs and anti-sTn antibodies were injected into the uterine horn of the mouse at the pre-implantation stage to evaluate the role of endometrial St6galnac1/sTn in embryo implantation. Siglec-G in murine embryos was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The function of Siglec-G is evidenced by uterine horn injection and protein interaction assay. ResultsBoth human and murine endometrium at the receptive stage exhibit higher ST6GALNAC1 and sTn levels compared to the non-receptive stage. Overexpression of ST6GALNAC1 significantly enhanced the receptivity of AN3CA cells to JAR spheroids. Inhibition of endometrial ST6GALNAC1/sTn substantially impaired embryo implantation in vivo. CD44 was identified as a carrier for sTn in the endometrial cells of both species. Siglec-6 and Siglec-G, expressed in the embryonic trophectoderm, were found to promote embryo attachment, which may be achieved through binding with sTn-modified CD44. ConclusionST6GALNAC1-regulated sTn in the endometrium aids in embryo attachment through interaction with trophoblastic Siglecs.

Towards Metric-Driven Difference Detection between Receptive and Nonreceptive Endometrial Samples Using Automatic Histology Image Analysis

This paper presents a technique that can potentially help to determine the receptivity stage of the endometrium from histology images by automatically measuring the stromal nuclear changes. The presented technique is composed of an image segmentation model and the statistical evolution of segmented areas in hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained histology images. Three different endometrium receptivity stages, namely pre-receptive, post-receptive, and receptive, were compared. An ensemble-based AI model was proposed for histology image segmentation, which is based on individual UNet++, UNet, and ResNet34-UNet segmentation models. The performance of the ensemble-based technique was assessed using the Dice score and intersection over unit (IoU) values. In comparison to alternative segmentation architectures that were applied singly, the current ensemble-based method obtained higher Dice score (0.95) and IoU (0.90) values. The statistical comparison highlighted a noticeable difference in the number of nuclei and the size of the stroma tissue. The proposed technique demonstrated the positive potential for practical implementation for automatic endometrial tissue analysis.

Humanized Childbirth: An Experience Report of the Assistance Offered by the Unified Health System in a City in the SouthEast of Brazil

Background: Childbirth is a crucial event in a woman’s life and her baby’s, with significant implications for the health and well-being of both. In Brazil, the predominant approach has been medicalized childbirth, with frequent medical interventions during the birthing process. However, growing evidence highlights the benefits of humanized childbirth for the physical and emotional health of the mother and baby. In this context, this study analyzes the transition towards more humanized childbirth practices in Brazil, its impacts, and associated challenges. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the implementation of humanized childbirth practices in Brazil, focusing on the stages of pregnant women reception, preparing the environment for the child’s arrival, and the symbolism of childbirth through Placenta Printing. Specific objectives include evaluating pregnant women’s satisfaction with the childbirth experience, analyzing the reduction of unnecessary medical interventions, and assessing neonatal outcomes associated with these practices. Methods: The study is an experience report that occurred in a municipal hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil, during the year 2024. Humanized childbirths were followed through the Brazilian public healthcare system, which offers free and universal assistance to pregnant women during childbirth. The stages of pregnant women reception, preparing the environment for the child’s arrival, and the symbolism of childbirth through Placenta Printing were detailed and implemented according to established protocols. Pregnant women’s satisfaction was assessed through postpartum interviews, while data related to the rate of medical interventions and neonatal outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results: The results demonstrated high satisfaction among pregnant women with the humanized childbirth experience, highlighting empathetic reception, clear and respectful communication, and consideration of their preferences in preparing the environment and practicing Placenta Printing. Additionally, there was a significant reduction in unnecessary medical interventions, reflected in a decrease in the cesarean section rate, episiotomies, and other medical procedures during childbirth. Neonatal outcomes were also positive, with favorable neonatal adaptation indicators. Conclusion: The experience of humanized childbirth in Brazil represents a significant advancement in promoting maternal and neonatal health. Despite the challenges faced, the benefits associated with this comprehensive approach to childbirth are undeniable. It is crucial for health authorities, healthcare professionals, and society to continue supporting and promoting humanized childbirth practices as part of a broader effort to improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes in Brazil

The reproductive biology of <em>Marathrum rubrum Novelo & C. T. Philbrick</em>: morphological and anatomical changes during flower development

Background: Podostemaceae is the largest family of strictly aquatic angiosperms. Species of this family possess unusual morphological and reproductive characters, grow attached to rocks in rivers with strong currents, and have a life cycle tightly linked to seasonality. Due to its reduced floral structures, which characterizes most species, the analysis of developmental stages and events such as anthesis or stigma receptivity has proven difficult.
 Question: How floral morphology, floral development and stigma receptivity of different stages of flower development of Marathrum rubrum Novelo & C. T. Philbrick are related among them?
 Studied species: Marathrum rubrum Novelo & C. T. Philbrick.
 Study site and dates: Horcones River, Jalisco, Mexico. January, 2014 and 2015.
 Methods: We made an in situ and lab analyses of flower morphology to assess the relationships between flower morphology, stages of development, reproductive structures, and stigma receptivity, during different stages of flower development.
 Results: When flowers emerge from the spathella, both the ovules and pollen grains are fully developed, implying that sporogenesis and gametogenesis take place within the stem while the plant is still submerged.
 Conclusions: The morphological changes observed in the flowers of M. rubrum during the analyzed stages are related only to events associated with fertilization and fruit development. The time-course of morphological changes in the flowers, from anthesis to fruit formation, lasts 20 to 30 days. The detailed observation of the aerial reproductive biology of M. rubrum bears important implications to the genetic structure of populations, plant fitness and conservation biology in threatened environments.

EXPERIENCE OF TEACHER COMMUNICATION IN TEACHING CHILDREN WITH DOWN SINDROM (Phenomenological Study on Down Syndrome Children in SLB YPPLB Padang)

Teachers are a central figure in the world of education especially when there is a developing teaching interaction process and are the most responsible for developing learners' potential. A teacher's role in the learning process is crucial to the shaping of a child's character. Teachers directly play a role in influencing what they learn, how they receive learning, and what they look like in interacting in their social lives. The problem in this research is how the teacher's communication experience in teaching a child down syndrome in the SLB YPPLB padang. The research method used is qualitative research. The paradigm used in this study is a constructive paradigm with the phenomenon approaching Edmund husserl. Research shows that the process of communication built into teacher and child down syndrome is pure interpersonal communication. Communication is done in person so that teachers and down syndrome can detect immediate reactions and can provide immediate feedback. The communication process consists of the seven stages, that is; The rendering stage, the encoding stage, the delivery stage, the travel stage, the reception stage, the reverse encoding stage, and the interpretive stage. Then, success in communication came to include five things: Information transparency, empathy, a supportive attitude, a positive attitude, and space. There is a breakdown in communication, that is; Misunderstandings, language differences, and special needs. Nonverbal communication in the study contained attributes, tone of speech, touch, sitting position, and the use of time. The transcendental meaning of the teacher's experience is that of embracing and feeling fulfillment. Keywords: communication experience, teachers, down syndrome, interpersonal communication

Образ врача в рецепции отечественной критики и литературоведения XX-XXI веков

The article highlights the stages of literary and critical reception of the doctor’s image presented in Russian prose in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The work is novel in that it is the first to consider and systematize different points of view of critics and literary scholars on the nature of the doctor’s artistic image, on the doctor’s place in the cultural and historical space of Russia. The research aims to identify the key trends in the reception of the doctor’s image in Russian criticism and literary studies in the 20th and 21st centuries. As a result, it is found that while the thinkers of the 19th century highlight characterological features of a doctor character such as inner freedom, thirst for knowledge and empiricism of thinking inherent in the new generation, the critics and literary scholars of the early 20th century consider a doctor character in the context of the era of scientific discovery. During the period of totalitarianism, the hero is evaluated in terms of having “obligatory” qualities and his involvement with socialism and its achievements. Since the late 1980s, a doctor character has been analyzed from the position of his belonging to the intelligentsia, whose representatives are characterized by internal contradictions. The studies of the early 21st century attempt to reinterpret traditional renderings of Russian classical literature, outline new approaches to the analysis of a literary image: a doctor character is presented as a bearer of the highest spiritual value, a way to transmit hidden meanings.

Different Dosages of Progesterone in Luteal Phase Support Reflect Varying Endometrial microRNA Expression in Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles.

Despite serum progesterone being a widely accepted method for luteal phase support during embryo transfer cycles, debates persist regarding the optimal strategy for guiding clinical decisions on progesterone dosages to maximize reproductive outcomes. This retrospective study explored the utility of microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers in guiding personalized progesterone dosage adjustments for frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles in 22 in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients undergoing hormone replacement therapy. Utilizing MIRA, an miRNA-based endometrial receptivity test, we analyzed patients' miRNA expression profiles before and after progesterone dosage adjustments to determine suitable dosages and assess endometrial status. Despite patients receiving identical progesterone dosages, variations in miRNA profiles were observed in the initial cycle, and all patients presented a displaced window of implantation. Following dosage adjustments based on their miRNA profiles, 91% of patients successfully transitioned their endometrium towards the receptive stages. However, two patients continued to exhibit persistent displaced receptivity despite the adjustments. Given the evident variation in endometrial status and serum progesterone levels among individuals, analyzing miRNA expression profiles may address the challenge of inter-personal variation in serum progesterone levels, to deliver more personalized dosage adjustments and facilitate personalized luteal phase support in IVF.

Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat malectin receptor-like kinases regulate pollen-stigma interactions.

Flowering plants contain tightly controlled pollen-pistil interactions required for promoting intraspecific fertilization and preventing interspecific hybridizations. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), several receptor kinases (RKs) are known to regulate the later stages of intraspecific pollen tube growth and ovular reception in the pistil, but less is known about RK regulation of the earlier stages. The Arabidopsis RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE IN FLOWERS1 (RKF1)/RKF1-LIKE (RKFL) 1-3 cluster of 4 leucine-rich repeat malectin (LRR-MAL) RKs was previously found to function in the stigma to promote intraspecific pollen hydration. In this study, we tested additional combinations of up to 7 Arabidopsis LRR-MAL RK knockout mutants, including RKF1, RKFL1-3, LysM RLK1-INTERACTING KINASE1, REMORIN-INTERACTING RECEPTOR1, and NEMATODE-INDUCED LRR-RLK2. These LRR-MAL RKs were discovered to function in the female stigma to support intraspecific Arabidopsis pollen tube growth and to establish a prezygotic interspecific barrier against Capsella rubella pollen. Thus, this study uncovered additional biological functions for this poorly understood group of RKs in regulating the early stages of Arabidopsis sexual reproduction.

Real Gas Effects on Receptivity to Roughness in Hypersonic Swept Blunt Flat-Plate Boundary Layers

Temperatures within the boundary layers of high-enthalpy hypersonic flows can soar to thousands or even tens of thousands of degrees, leading to significant real gas phenomena. Although there has been significant research on real gas effects on hypersonic boundary layer stability, their impact on the boundary layer’s receptive stage is still poorly understood. Most aerodynamic boundary layers in flight vehicles are three-dimensional. Because of complex geometry and significant crossflow effects, the crossflow mode in three-dimensional boundary layers is crucial in hypersonic vehicle design. In this study, a linear stability analysis (LST) accounting for chemical nonequilibrium effects (CNE) and its adjoint form (ALST) is developed to investigate the real gas effects on the stability and receptivity of stationary crossflow modes. The results indicate that real gas effects significantly influence the receptivity of stationary crossflow modes. Specifically, chemical nonequilibrium effects destabilize the crossflow modes but reduce the receptivity coefficients of the stationary crossflow modes. The Mach number effect was also investigated. It was found that increasing the Mach number stabilizes the stationary crossflow modes, but the receptivity coefficients increase. As the Mach number progressively rises, these effects alternately dominate, leading to a non-monotonic shift in the transition position.

Recepcja serialu „Squid Game” i jego potencjalny wpływ na wizerunek Korei Południowej w Polsce

The article presents the results of a study on the reception of the South Korean Netflix production, Squid Game, in the first months after its release. The study analyzes the discourse observable in the articles concerning the series in popular Polish internet portals and focuses on examining the ways of writing about South Korea, the sentiments towards the country, and the premises concerning its image. The study shows mostly positive attitudes towards Squid Game, which could factor into a positive image of the country. At the same time, it shows that the phenomenon of hallyu in Poland remains insignificant or unnoticed in this case despite the observed popularity of the show, and the image of the country resulting from the plot of the series is lost at the stage of media reception.

Analysis of the difference in metabolites and gene expressions between pre-receptive and receptive endometria

To analyze the difference in the gene expression, amino acid and carnitine levels in the cervical secretions between the endometria of pre-receptive and receptive stages, with an aim to provide clues for identifying new molecular markers for endometrial receptivity. Fifty nine infertile women treated at the Department of Reproductive Medicine of Linyi People's Hospital from January 6, 2020 to January 31, 2022 were selected as as the study subjects, which were matched with 3 pairs (6 cases) of infertile women preparing for embryo transfer based on factors such as age, body mass index, and length of infertility. Endometrial tissue samples were collected for gene transcription and expression analysis. Twenty five women who had become pregnant through assisted reproductive technology were selected as the control group, and 28 non-pregnant women receiving ovulation monitoring at the Outpatient Department were enrolled as the case group. Status of endometrial receptivity was determined by ultrasonography. In the former group, endometrial tissues were sampled for sequencing, and GO and KEGG database enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes was carried out. In the latter group, cervical secretions were collected, and amino acid and carnitine levels were measured by mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis was carried out using rank sum test, t test and chi-square test with SPSS v25.0 software. No difference was found in the clinical data of the patients with regard to age, body mass index, infertility years, AMH, FSH, LH, E2, and type of infertility. Compared with the receptive endometrial tissues, there were 100 significantly up-regulated genes and 191 significantly down-regulated genes in the pre-receptive endometrial tissue, with the most significantly altered ones being HLA-DRB5 and MMP10. The biological processes, molecular functions and pathways enriched by more differentially expressed genes in GO and KEGG were mainly immune regulation, cell adhesion and tryptophan metabolism. Analysis of secretion metabolism also revealed a significant difference in the levels of amino acids and carnitine metabolites between the two groups (P < 0.05), in particular those of Alanine, Valine, 3-hydroxybutyrylcarnitine (C4OH) + malonylcarnitine (C3DC)/captoylcarnitine (C10). A significant difference has been discovered in the levels of gene transcription and protein expression in the endometrial tissues from the pre-receptive and receptive stages. The levels of amino acids and carnitine, such as Alanine, Valine, 3-hydroxybutyryl carnitine (C4OH)+malonyl carnitine (C3DC)/caproyl carnitine (C10), may be associated with the receptive status of the endometrium, though this need to be verified with larger samples.

Stigma receptivity and flower development stage during emasculation in tomato affect artificial hybridization

ABSTRACT Determination of appropriate stages of flower emasculation and flower development when self-pollination occurs in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) flowers is important to increase the degree of success of cross pollination. The experiment was conducted from July 2015 to June 2017. Seven tomato varieties (as female parents) and 1 genotype (as pollen source) were evaluated. Stages of flower emasculation (3 levels) were: 1) emasculation of immature flowers (light yellow petal) (Stage I); 2) emasculation of mature flowers (dark yellow petal, and/or petal not opened) (Stage II); and 3) emasculation of mature flowers (dark yellow petal, and/or petal partially opened) (Stage III). Complete success of cross fertilization was for the interaction of Stage II (dark yellow petal, and/or petal not opened) flower emasculation with pollination of emasculated flower after 24 h. The lowest (1.8%) percent of success of cross fertilization was at stage I (light yellow petal) flower emasculation with pollination of emasculated flower within 12 h. The low range, 1.8–5.3% of success of cross fertilization was at flower stage III (dark yellow petal, and/or petal partially opened) emasculation with no pollination of emasculated flower, indicating occurrence of an accidental self-fertilization. Stage of flower development stage I (light yellow petal) and pollination of emasculated flowers after 48 h could give the optimum percent of success of cross fertilization and avoid accidental self-pollination.

Attraction of female house mice to male ultrasonic courtship vocalizations depends on their social experience and estrous stage.

Male house mice (Mus musculus) produce complex ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), especially during courtship and mating. Playback experiments suggest that female attraction towards recordings of male USVs depends on their social experience, paternal exposure, and estrous stage. We conducted a playback experiment with wild-derived female house mice (M. musculus musculus) and compared their attraction to male USVs versus the same recording without USVs (background noise). We tested whether female attraction to USVs is influenced by the following factors: (1) social housing (two versus one female per cage); (2) neonatal paternal exposure (rearing females with versus without father); and (3) estrous stage. We found that females showed a significant attraction to male USVs but only when they were housed socially with another female. Individually housed females showed the opposite response. We found no evidence that pre-weaning exposure to a father influenced females' preferences, whereas estrous stage influenced females' attraction to male USVs: females not in estrus showed preferences towards male USVs, whereas estrous females did not. Finally, we found that individually housed females were more likely to be in sexually receptive estrous stages than those housed socially, and that attraction to male USVs was most pronounced amongst non-receptive females that were socially housed. Our findings indicate that the attraction of female mice to male USVs depends upon their social experience and estrous stage, though not paternal exposure. They contribute to the growing number of studies showing that social housing and estrous stage can influence the behavior of house mice and we show how such unreported variables can contribute to the replication crisis.

Spread the Word: Secondary Crisis Communication of Unethical Destination Incidents via Social Media

The communication of unethical destination incidents (UDIs) through social media can be quite complex. Interestingly, the relationship between information forms of UDIs and users’ online behavior has been grossly ignored, especially in the case of secondary crisis communication (SCC). We investigate the heterogeneous impact of UDIs’ information forms on SCC rooted in the Defleur model of communication. Results from three experimental studies revealed that UDIs in video form elicit higher levels of presence and SCC than those in image-text and text forms. Risk perception and anger are important guiding factors in this process. In brief, the diffusion process of UDIs includes the three stages of reception, transformation, and transmission. The study’s findings suggest a new perspective for understanding destination crisis communication and offer practical implications for alleviating the negative impact of destination crisis.

Intraspecies variation of reproductive phenology in Pinus sibirica ex situ

The analysis of the phenology of the development of female cones and male shoots in 25-year-old clones from 4 latitudinal and 4 altitudinal ecotypes of Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica) in the clone archive was carried out. The period from the female cone breakout to the formation of the cone with completely closed scales after pollination was 10 days for all ecotypes. The northern and high-altitudinal ecotypes began “flowering” 2 days earlier with the accumulation of the sum of active temperatures of 290 °С than the southern and low-altitudinal ecotypes, which needed an accumulation of 400 °С for this. The greatest contribution to the ecotype differentiation in female reproductive phenology was made by differences in the timing of the receptive cone stages. The transition to the receptivity stage in the northern ecotypes occurred 3 days earlier than in the southern ones, and in the high-altitudinal ones 2 days earlier than in the low-altitudinal ones. In latitudinal ecotypes, cones were receptive for 2-3 days, in high-altitude ecotypes 1.5-2 times longer. The peak of pollen shedding in each ecotype basically corresponded to the timing of the beginning of the female cone scale opening, sometimes it was slightly ahead of it.

P-793 Human trophoblastic spheroid derived from human expanded potential stem cells (hEPSC) for the identification of adhesion molecules for embryo implantation.

Abstract Study question Are cell surface proteins on trophoblastic spheroid BAP-EB derived from hEPSC involved in the endometrial epithelial cell attachment? Summary answer E-cadherin (CDH1) and Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) are two potential embryonic surface molecules involved in the human implantation process. What is known already Study of the mechanisms of human implantation in vivo is challenging. The availability of high-quality human embryos for in vitro research is limited. We have recently derived morula-like hEPSC lines (hEPSC-em) from donated human embryos. Trophoblastic spheroids (em-BAP-EB) derived from hEPSC-em resemble human trophectoderm during the early implantation process. The em-BAP-EBs attach specifically onto receptive endometrial epithelial cells, suggesting its usefulness as human embryo surrogate for studying embryonic surface molecules involving in early implantation process. Study design, size, duration hEPSC-em was subjected to embryoid body formation and induced to differentiate into trophoblastic spheroids (em-BAP-EB) for 48h and 72h. Endometrial aspirates were collected from infertile women in their natural cycles 2 or 7 days after LH surge (LH + 2/+7). Endometrial epithelial cells (EEC) were isolated and cultured for the attachment assays. Biotin-labelled apical surface proteins on em-BAP-EB were identified by mass spectrometry. Antibody blocking assays were performed to confirm the biological functions. Participants/materials, setting, methods The attachment rates of em-BAP-EB onto EEC were compared between pre-receptive (LH + 2 day) and receptive (LH + 7 day) phases. The differentially expressed apical surface protein on em-BAP-EB-48h and -72h were subjected to plasma membrane proteins (PMP) identification and pathway analysis. The gene and protein expression patterns of the target proteins were analyzed by single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and western blotting respectively. The functional roles of the target proteins were studied by antibody blocking during attachment Main results and the role of chance The attachment rates of em-BAP-EB-72h onto receptive stage (LH + 7, n = 17) EEC were significantly higher than those onto pre-receptive stage (LH + 2, n = 5) EEC. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that the PMP with induced expression levels on em-BAP-EB-72h when compared to -48h (72h&amp;gt;48h) were enriched for “protein binding” and “cadherin binding” in molecular functions, and “cell-cell adhesion” in biological processes. Among them, 28 PMP were trophectoderm-specific. CDH1 and NRP1 were selected for further analysis. Analysis based on a published dataset showed that significantly higher expressions of CDH1 and NRP1 were detected in polar trophectoderm as compared to mural trophectoderm of E7 human blastocyst. CDH1 and NRP1 were significantly up-regulated in trophectoderm-like em-BAP-EB by scRNA-seq analysis. Live-cell immunocytochemistry demonstrated more intense apical surface expression of CDH1 and NRP1 on em-BAP-EB-72h as compared to -48h. Antibody blocking experiments indicated that pre-treatment of the em-BAP-EB-72h with specific antibody individually against the ectodomains of CDH1 and NRP1 significantly reduced the attachment rates onto receptive endometrial epithelial cells. The data suggested that CDH1 and NRP1 are two potential apical surface molecules essential for blastocyst attachment. Limitations, reasons for caution The lack of embryonic compartment in the em-BAP-EB and the absence of other key players like decidualized stromal cells and immune cells in the coculture model might not fully represent the early attachment process. The limited sample size in this study may also limit the interpretation of the data. Wider implications of the findings Despite advancement in in vitro fertilization, the success rate remains unsatisfactory. It is not known if embryological factor(s) other than embryo aneuploidy are involved. The current data may suggest the potential roles of CDH1 and NRP1 as non-chromosomal embryological markers of its implantation potential. Trial registration number Not applicable