Stacked Hole Arrays Research Articles

Toward compact millimeter-wave diode in thin stacked-hole array assisted by a dielectric grating

Unidirectional transmission in thin stacked hole arrays (SHAs), whose spatial inversion symmetry is broken by adding a dielectric grating at one of the interfaces, is theoretically predicted and experimentally validated in the millimeter-wave regime. It appears at a fixed nonzero angle of incidence due to hybridization of SHA resonances with diffraction effects. In contrast to the earlier suggested structures with the diffraction relevant unidirectional transmission mechanism, the nonsymmetric diode-like structure founded on the intrinsically subwavelength SHA, which supports left-handed propagation, is less than one wavelength thick.

Strong lateral displacement in polarization anisotropic extraordinary transmission metamaterial

In this paper, a deep numerical as well as experimental study of the anisotropy response of extraordinary transmission metamaterials constructed by stacking subwavelength hole arrays is presented. Two-dimensional (2D) dispersion diagrams for S- and P-polarization were obtained from simulation. From them, it was found that negative refraction can be obtained for the latter case for small angles of incidence. Additionally, it was found that double periodic and dielectric loaded hole arrays are optimal to enlarge the numerical aperture that leads to negative refraction. Several experiments are then presented in the V-band of the millimetre-wave range that show excellent agreement with the numerical calculations. Moreover, the richness of the anisotropic characteristic exhibited by the stacked hole array structure allows for designing structures with complex electromagnetic response other than solely negative refraction. Thus, the results presented here could be taken as a novel route to achieve exotic behaviour, such as negative refraction at other frequency ranges, like terahertz or the visible.

Composite left/right-handed stacked hole arrays at submillimeter wavelengths

High-transmissivity composite left/right-handed uniaxial bulk metamaterials were fabricated in a multilayered dielectric/hole metal array technology and experimentally assessed at submillimeter wavelengths (0.4–0.9 THz) by time-domain spectroscopy. From the frequency dependence of the complex scattering parameters, we show the possibility to close the gap between the left- and right-handed dispersion branches by increasing the number of layers from 3 to 5. Such a demonstration paves the way of balance composite propagation characteristics with a gapless transition between the negative and positive values of refractive index at a frequency of 0.5 THz.

Polarization selection with stacked hole array metamaterial

Polarization rotation or selection appears in materials with optical activity, or those with Faraday effect, or in liquid crystals. In this letter we present a structure, with an analogous response, using stacked extraordinary transmission subwavelength hole arrays modified to be nearly self-complementary. This produces a polarization selector because of the negative index of refraction for one of its linearly polarized eigenwaves. Simulation results and experiments at millimeter wavelengths confirm these features. Applications in miniaturized devices are envisioned as well as the possibility to scale to optical wavelengths.

Polarized left-handed extraordinary optical transmission of subterahertz waves

In this paper we design and measure a metamaterial polarizing device working in the sub-terahertz range. The polarizer is based on a modified version of our previous miniaturized Stacked Hole Array (SHA) structure, an arrangement that combines Extraordinary Optical Transmission (EOT) and Left-Handed Metamaterial (LHM) propagation even under Fresnel illumination. Here, we use a self complementary screen by connecting the holes of an EOT structure. Importantly, EOT remains and simultaneously total reflection is obtained for the orthogonal component. Moreover, by computing the dispersion diagram, we demonstrate that LHM propagation can be achieved for the principal polarization within the stop band of the orthogonal component, which propagates in other bands as a standard forward wave. Finally, we check our conjectures by measuring the transmission and reflection coefficients of screens milled on a low-loss microwave substrate. Measurements have been taken for 1 to 6 stacked wafers and they show clearly that the stack acts as a polarizer with left-handed characteristic. Our results open the way to design of novel polarization control metamaterials at Terahertz wavelengths.