Stability Of Soybean Genotypes Research Articles

Classification of soybean genotypes during the seedling stage in controlled drought and salt stress environments using the decision tree algorithm

AbstractSoybean is one of the most important oilseed crops grown worldwide. However, abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity can seriously affect soybean production, especially in tropical climate conditions. To evaluate the adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes under abiotic stress conditions, some studies have proposed a multitrait tool to select stress‐tolerant soybean genotypes through a multitrait stability index (MTSI). This index can be used under stressful environmental conditions to quantify the genotypic stability of soybean cultivars. Our study is based on an unprecedented approach, where we propose to use a machine learning algorithm called ‘Random Forest’ to obtain a classification model based on a decision tree algorithm. The decision tree data structure can be used even by nonexperts facilitating the decision‐making process for genotype selection. The proposed model evaluated the importance of six shoot and root morphological variables and predicted from which controlled growth environment the soybean plants originated. Using this model more than 73% of the genotypic patterns were learned correctly. Besides that, this model can also predict and rank the most critical variables in the development of soybean genotypes, having obtained results very similar to recent field research. The research is important for plant breeders who seek an early selection of soybean seedlings for drought and saline stresses.

Grain yield, adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes in different Cerrado environments of Piauí, Brazil

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the grain yield and the phenotypic adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes in different Cerrado environments of Piauí, Brazil, to provide indications for cultivation in the region. Therefore, we evaluated 23 soybean genotypes and three checks in three different site (Bom Jesus-PI, Monte Alegre-PI and Currais-PI) and environments (crop year 2010/11, 2011/12 and 2012/13). Experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The behavior for the average grain yield of genotypes within and among environments was verified using the Scott Knott’s method of clustering of means (P <0.05). For the study of adaptability and stability, the methods of analysis of Eberhart and Russell and AMMI were used. Genotypes had the best performance of genetic potential in 2010/11 crop year. The best group in Bom Jesus-PI consisted of 16 genotypes and had an average grain yield higher than 3181.61 kg ha-1, what is well above the global average grain yield (2108.26 kg ha-1). G5 and G9 genotypes were the ones with greater adaptability and stability in the three environments with high average grain yield (2362.5 kg ha-1). Therefore, the identification of genotypes presenting such behavior is important for recommending cultivation in the studied environments or in similar areas. It was possible to identify genotypes that have high grain yield and that are stable and adapted for cultivation in the Cerrado at Piauí state.

Research Article Identification, Characterization, and Phylogenetic analysis of Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Mill sp.) Resistance Gene Analogs using PCR cloning and in silico methods

The soybean crop has a substantial importance for Brazil’s agribusiness and economy. Besides, breeding programs have contributed to the development of the crop in the country allowing grain yield increase and, at the same time, intensifying the production of new cultivars that show both yield predictability and wide adaptation. This study was aimed at evaluating the agronomic performance, adaptability, and stability of soybean genotypes in the states of Maranhao, Piaui, Tocantins, and Bahia. The genotypes were evaluated to the extent of grain yield in the municipalities of Chapadinha (MA), Balsas (MA), Bom Jesus (PI), Porto Nacional (TO), and Formoso do Rio Preto (BA) under complete randomized block design, with three repetitions. Data were submitted to joint analyses and to studies of adaptability and stability by Wricke (1965), Eberhart and Russel (1966), and Annicchiarico (1992) methods. The genotypes UFUS 504, UFU 506, UFU 508, UFU 512, UFU 514, UFU 516, UFU 518, UFU 519, UFU 520, UFU 521, UFU 523, and UFUS Imperial showed wide stability and adaptability, whereas UFU 503, UFU 505, and UFUS Impact were adapted to favorable conditions.

Adaptability and productive stability of soybean genotypes under natural rust infection without fungicide

Adaptability and productive stability of soybean genotypes under natural rust infection without fungicide

Parametric and non-parametric analysis for determining the adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes in three sowing periods

The use of different evaluation methods of adaptability and stability in a breeding program is essential to obtain more accurate results of the lines that have been studied. The purpose of this research is to study the adaptability and stability of 25 soybean lines derived from the soybean breeding program, and for that, it was used parametric and non-parametric analysis at the Federal University of Uberlandia. The experiment was set up in randomized complete block design with three replications in three sowing periods (November 2006, November 2007 and November 2008) and conducted in Campo Alegre de Goias, Brazil. Thirty soybean genotypes were evaluated, including 25 late-cycle lines and five cultivars (BRS/MG Garantia, UFUS Impacta, UFUS Xavante UFUS Milionaria and M-Soy 8914) as controls). Grain productivity was determined for each block. The average yield was 3104.201 kg ha -1 . Adaptability and stability were determined using Eberhart and Russel (1966), Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998) and Centroide (ROCHA, 2005) methods. The UFUS 6 and UFUS 21 lines and the UFUS Impacta and UFUS Xavante cultivars stood out because they had the highest average grain yield, highest adaptability and stability regardless of evaluation method.

Adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes in off-season cultivation.

The oil and protein contents of soybean grains are important quantitative traits for use in breeding. However, few breeding programs perform selection based on these traits in different environments. This study assessed the adaptability and stability of 14 elite early soybean breeding lines in off-season cultivation with respect to yield, and oil and protein contents. A range of statistical methods was applied and these analyses indicated that for off-season cultivation, the lines UFUS 5 and UFUS 10 could be recommended due to their superior performance in grain yield, oil content, and specific adaptability to unfavorable environments along with high stability in these characteristics. Also recommended were UFUS 06, which demonstrated superior performance in all three tested characteristics and showed adaptation to favorable environments, and UFUS 13, which showed high adaptability and stability and a superior performance for protein content.

Stability of Soybean Genotypes and Their Classification into Relative Maturity Groups in Brazil

The stability of soybean genotypes is very important in breeding programs for not only the evaluation, selection, and production of cultivars but also the establishment of parameters required for the classification of genotypes into relative maturity groups (RMG). The aim of this study was to define stable genotypes for traits, such as days to flowering, days to maturity, and length of the reproductive period, and to classify them into RMG. For this purpose, 20 commercial soybean cultivars were evaluated in 12 environments distributed in the major producing regions of Brazil. Assessments according to the Eberhart and Russell method and the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) method were effective in the identification of stable genotypes and their classification into RMG. These methods can also be used collectively for this purpose. Our results showed that the AMMI method led to a better interpretation of genotype-environment interactions. Thus, RMG obtained on the basis of stable genotypes represented a good estimate of the relative maturity of soybean crops throughout Brazil. *Corresponding author.

Effects of Genotype × Environment Interaction on Agronomic Traits in Soybean

Genotype × environment interaction influences the market value of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] protein, oil, and fatty acid traits. The objectives of this research were (i) to evaluate agronomic trait performance and stability of soybean genotypes in individual environments and across environments; and (ii) to evaluate the relationship of test environments for selecting superior genotypes within the mega‐environment for soybean production in the southern region of Wisconsin. A total of 68 soybean genotypes were selected from University of Wisconsin soybean evaluation trials and grown at four locations in 2003 and 2004. Soybean genotypes, grown in trials with conventional and Roundup Ready herbicide treatments were analyzed for yield, protein, oil, and the fatty acid components palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. Repeatability estimates among genotypes ranged from 0.27 to 0.98 with yield and the fatty acid component linolenic acid being the most sensitive to environment effects. Superior genotypes could be consistently selected for yield, protein, oil, and fatty acid components using biplot analysis and stability estimates. Among locations in the southern region in Wisconsin, Arlington provides unique information for soybean fatty acid evaluations, but similar information about soybean yield, protein, and oil with Janesville or Lancaster. So, if soybean fatty acid is not important then Arlington could be dropped as a test site.

Yield stability of soybean genotypes in mixture of sorghum in Benue state

Yield stability of soybean genotypes in mixture of sorghum in Benue state

ANÁLISE DE REGRESSÃO E COMPONENTES PRINCIPAIS PARA ESTUDO DA ADAPTABILIDADE E ESTABILIDADE EM SOJA

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho, a adaptabilidade e a estabilidade de genótipos de soja, em cinco ambientes no Estado do Tocantins. Os ensaios foram conduzidos nas safras 2004/05 e 2005/06 nos municípios de Alvorada e Gurupi. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos casualizados com três repetições. Para avaliação da adaptabilidade e estabilidade, foram utilizados os métodos de EBERHART e RUSSELL (1966) e Centróide. O rendimento médio de grãos variou de 2.112 kg ha-1 (Gurupi III) a 3112 kg ha-1 (Alvorada I), com média geral de 2.678 kg ha-1. Baseado na classificação obtida pelas metodologias de EBERHART e RUSSELL (1966) e Centróide, a cultivar M-SOY 8925 foi recomendada para amplas condições ambientais do Estado do Tocantins. Pelo método Centróide, a cultivar P98N82 mostrou potencial para cultivo em condições específicas de ambientes favoráveis.

Análise de fatores e estratificação ambiental na avaliação da adaptabilidade e estabilidade em soja

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de diferentes métodos de estratificação ambiental, a representatividade dos locais de avaliação, e a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de soja, por meio de ensaios de produtividade de grãos, nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina, nos anos agrícolas de 2000 a 2003, em um total de 15 ambientes. Foram utilizados, para estratificação ambiental, o método tradicional de Lin e a análise de fatores aliada ao porcentual de parte simples (PS%) da interação genótipo vs. ambiente (GxA). Na determinação da adaptabilidade e estabilidade dos genótipos, foram utilizados modelos baseados em regressão linear única e bissegmentada. Foram testados 21 genótipos de soja em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, na avaliação da produtividade de grãos. O genótipo RB 605 apresenta ampla faixa de adaptação com elevada produtividade média de grãos. De acordo com ambos os métodos, as localidades de Palotina e Brasilândia do Sul podem ser reduzidas a somente um local de ensaio.A análise de fatores associada ao PS% da interação GxA é mais seletiva para estratificação ambiental, em relação ao método tradicional de Lin.

Genotype × Environment Interaction and Seed Yield, Oil and Protein Contents Stability of Soybean Genotypes

Genotype × Environment Interaction and Seed Yield, Oil and Protein Contents Stability of Soybean Genotypes

Adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes evaluated using three backcrosses generations: BC4, BC5 and BC6

An adaptability and stability study by the traditional and Lin and Binns methods (1988) was carried out to assess the genotypic stem canker resistance of three backcross generations (BC4, BC5 and BC6) in three environments. The study consisted of genotype trials carried out in the towns of Florestal, Capinopolis and Rio Paranaiba, in Minas Gerais state during the 1997/98 growing season. The experiments assessed the recurrent (FT-Cristalina) and donor (Doko BC) parents and 13 derived lines, five from the BC6 generation (UFV95370A2156, UFV95-370A2142, UFV95-370A2133, UFV95-370A2121 and UFV95-370A2115); four from BC5 (UFV95-370A2022, UFV95-370A2021, UFV95-370A2020 and UFV95-370A2019); and four from BC4 (UFV95-370A667, UFV95-370A666, UFV95-370A65 and UFV95-370A661). The Lin and Binns (1988) method was more efficient in discriminating the genotypes. The UFV95-370A2021 line belonging to the BC5 generation showed the best genotypic performance among the studied genotypes, and also showed the second best yield mean in the experiments. The UFV95-370A665 line, belonging to the BC4 generation, had the poorest genotypic behavior and also presented the lowest mean yield in the experiments. As the backcross generation advanced, there was a simultaneous improvement in the genotypic performance of the individuals in these generations, most probably because of the greater recuperation of the recurrent parent in each generation. This suggests the need for at least five to six backcrosses to obtain genotypes as adapted as the recurrent parent.