Squeeze Number Research Articles

Analytical Modeling of Mass and Heat Transfer on Unsteady Squeezing Viscous Nanofluid Flow under the Influence of Slip Velocity

In this article, two-dimensional unsteady incompressible viscous nanofluids magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) flow among two parallel plates extended infinitely is investigated. The equations that results from the use of similarity transformations for non-linear partial differential system are solved by the new algorithm. The important key to this construct is the derivatives that appear as coefficients in the power series. The effects of apparent physical parameters on velocity concentration and temperature distributions are described using a schematic diagram and interpreted physically. The effects of apparent physical parameters on concentration, temperature, and velocity distributions are described by graphs. For the flow of nanofluids, the results indicate that it is inversely proportional between the rate of mass and heat transfer with nanoparticle size fraction and magnetic parameter. Over time, squeeze number and schmidt number lead to increase the rate of mass transfer. This problem is dissolved numerically by using the Runge-Kutta scheme of fourth-order (RK4S) .

Heat transfer characteristics in the squeezing flow of casson fluid between circular plates: A comprehensive study

This research investigates the heat transfer characteristics in the squeezing flow of a non-Newtonian fluid, specifically focusing on the Casson fluid between two parallel circular plates. The research includes the development of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs), the utilization of conservation laws and similarity transformations, and the subsequent analytical resolution through the application of the Differential Transform Method (DTM) and Akbari-Ganji’s Method (AGM). The investigation explores the influence of various factors on flow characteristics, presenting the results visually and engaging in detailed discussions. The analysis encompasses a comprehensive examination across a range of parameters, including the squeeze number, Casson fluid parameter, Prandtl number, and Eckert number. Notably, the results indicate an acceleration in the rate of motion with respect to both the squeeze number and the Casson fluid parameter. In addition, the skin friction coefficient shows an increasing trend with respect to S, while the influence of [Formula: see text] has the opposite effect. Meanwhile, the Nusselt number decreases as both S and [Formula: see text] increase but exhibits an upward trend with increasing values of PR, Ec, and [Formula: see text]. The findings of this study contribute to the broader understanding of heat transfer in non-Newtonian fluid flows and provide valuable insights for practical applications.

Computational study of magnetohydrodynamic squeeze flow between infinite parallel disks

This paper explores the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) squeeze flow of an electrically conducting fluid between two infinite parallel disks with a perpendicular magnetic field. The study focuses on the case where the upper disk moves towards a stationary lower disk. By employing similarity variables, we reduce the MHD momentum and continuity equations into a fourth-order linear boundary value problem, solved using a modified operational matrix method. The numerical approach is validated through L2-truncation error analysis, boundary condition comparisons, and by comparing results with other methods like HAM, HPM, and bvp4c that produce analytical and numerical solutions. Graphical analyses reveal the effects of the squeeze number, Hartman number, and the boundary parameter on velocity and flow profile. Results indicate that the Hartman number significantly affects the velocity due to the Lorentz force, while the squeeze number and boundary parameter influence the velocity and flow profile differently in suction and injection cases. The numerical solution demonstrates high accuracy and convergence compared to previous methods in terms of absolute error.

Legendre wavelet integration operational matrix method for the numerical solution of unsteady MHD nanofluid flow between moving parallel plates

This study proposes a novel method based on Legendre wavelet integration operational matrix for solving a system of nonlinear ODE’s to model the two-phase, unsteady nanofluid flow and heat transfer between parallel plates in presence of magnetic field. To validate the applicability of proposed method, system of nonlinear BVP with exact solutions is employed as a test problem. Test problem results are compared with exact solution, and other numerical methods. The governing equations were then changed using similarity transformation into a set of nonlinear ODE’s. . Following this, the LWOMM is applied for the proposed problem. Findings demonstrated that, for a constant Reynolds number, skin friction coefficient value increases with rising Hartmann and squeezing numbers. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that Eckert number is a reducing function of the squeeze number and Nusselt number is an increasing function of Hartmann number.

Cross diffusion effects on MHD double diffusive viscous flow through Hermite wavelet method

AbstractDouble-diffusive convection is a form of fluid flow that occurs when two processes of molecular diffusion are active in a fluid at the same time, causing instabilities and also complicated behaviour. One chemical or biological species concentration can cause a flux of another species, either linearly or nonlinearly, a phenomenon known as cross-diffusion. The cross-diffusion effects on double-diffusive MHD fluid flow through the Hermite wavelet method is examined. The governing coupled partial differential equations of the problem under consideration are transformed to highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations over a finite domain with the help of similarity transformations. The results are obtained for the skin friction coefficient, as well as the velocity, temperature and the concentration profiles for some values of the governing parameters, namely, the cross diffusion terms, Hartmann number, thermophoresis parameter, squeeze number, Prandtl number and suction/injection parameter. The obtained results are validated against previously published results for special case of the problems.

Particle motion and stress response interacted with machine activity: Railroad tamping strategy

Tamping is a vital maintenance activity to correct railroad track geometry by lifting, aligning, and levelling the track. Traditional tamping practices are often rather empirical and rely heavily on operator’s experience. Railroads have learned that improper tamping parameters impact ballast stability and cause quick track geometry deterioration. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of tamping parameters on ballast performance at the particle level, expecting to figure out the optimized tamping parameters to improve track quality. To achieve this objective, field tamping tests were conducted on Norfolk Southern Railway's mainline. In the tests, four tamping parameter combinations of squeeze time (0.6 s, 1.0 s) and number of squeezes (1 insertion, 2 insertions) were executed by Plasser’s tamper. In addition, “SmartRocks” sensors were preinstalled under the ties to record ballast and contact stresses caused during and after tamping. It was found that 1.0 s squeeze time results in a more compact and stable ballast status than 0.6 s squeeze time, with a more stable rearrangement of particles and stable bulk stress after tamping. employing two insertions appeared to neutralize the impact of squeeze time duration, given a small lifting value of 25 mm. These findings provide insights into optimizing tamping strategies to improve the stability and durability of railroad tracks.

Analytical and numerical approach for the analysis of heat transfer of squeezing flow between two parallel plates

This research offers a thorough examination of thermal transmission within the context of the squeezing flow of a Casson fluid that is confined within two circular plates aligned in parallel. The development of a feasible mathematical framework involves combining the principles of conservation with appropriate similarity transformations. The resulting framework generates a couple of strongly non-linear ordinary differential equations. To tackle these equations, established analytical methods like the (HPM) and its variation, the Least Square Homotopy Perturbation Method (LSHPM), are employed.Additionally, for the validation of the analytical findings, a numerical approach using the BVP5C technique is utilized. A comparative evaluation reveals that the LSHPM consistently provides results of exceptional accuracy compared to the traditional HPM. The investigation delves into observing how the flow performs when experiencing diverse variations in physical attributes, elucidating the complexities through comprehensive visual representations. It is worth noting that the presented problem is subject to specific parameter limitations, which are extensively discussed and taken into account throughout the study. The investigation encompasses a thorough analysis across a range of parameters, including the squeeze number, the Casson fluid parameter, the Prandtl number, the Eckert number and. Notably, an acceleration in the rate of motion is observed concerning the squeeze number and the Casson fluid parameter. In terms of the temperature profile, it is revealed that this profile demonstrates a decreasing trend in relation to both the squeeze number and the Casson fluid parameter. Conversely, it displays an increasing trend with respect to the Prandtl number and the Eckert number.

Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of an unsteady Non-Newtonian Magnetohydrodynamic Fluid Flow (Semi-Analytical Solution)

In the presence of a time-dependent chemical reaction, this work investigates unsteady squeezing Casson nanofluid flow and heat transfer between two parallel plates under the influence of a uniform magnetic field. Considering the effects of viscosity dissipation, heat generation from friction resulting from flow shear, Brownian motion, Joule heating, and thermodiffusion. The problem's nonlinear differential equations are solved using the Runge–Kutta (RK-4) technique and the Homotopy Perturbation technique. The excellent accuracy of the results is evident since they have been compared with other results from earlier research. In the form of graphs and tables, flow behavior under the many physical factors that are modified is also covered and well described. This work has shown that, by normalizing flow behavior, magnetic fields may be utilized to manage a variety of flows. Additionally, it is demonstrated that in every situation, the effects of positive and negative squeeze numbers on heat and mass transfer flow are opposite. Moreover, the thermophoresis parameter decreases as the concentration field increases. However, when the Brownian motion parameter is increased, the concentration profile gets better. Additionally, several other significant factors were examined. The results of this study can facilitate quicker and easier research and assist engineers.

Double diffusive MHD squeezing copper water nanofluid flow between parallel plates filled with porous medium and chemical reaction

Purpose This paper aims to explore the double diffusive magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) squeezed flow of (Cu–water) nanofluid between two analogous plates filled with Darcy porous material in existence of chemical reaction and external magnetic field. Design/methodology/approach The governing nonlinear equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by means of similarity transforms, and the coupled mass and heat transference equations are resolved analytically with the application of differential transform method (DTM). The effects of different relevant parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration, including the squeeze number, magnetic parameter, Biot number, Darcy number and chemical reaction parameter, are illustrated with figures. In addition, for various parameters, the local skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number are computed and are graphically displayed. Findings It is observed that the squeeze number has a direct relationship with Sherwood number and an inverse relationship with skin friction as Biot number increases. With enhanced Biot numbers, the temperature value increases during both squeeze and non-squeeze moments, but the temperature values are higher for squeeze moments compared to the other case. Practical implications This research has potential applications in various large-scale enterprises that might benefit from increased productivity. Social implications The results are useful to thermal science community. Originality/value Unique and valuable insights are provided by studying the impact of chemical reaction on double diffusive MHD squeezing copper–water nanofluid flow between parallel plates filled with porous medium. In addition, this research has potential applications in various large-scale enterprises that might benefit from increased productivity.

Effects of heat transfer on MHD suction–injection model of viscous fluid flow through differential transformation and Bernoulli wavelet techniques

AbstractIn this study, a numerical solution of the velocity and heat transfer on the magnetohydrodynamic suction–injection model of viscous fluid flow has been studied. We use the differential transformation method and Bernoulli wavelet method to solve the highly nonlinear governing equations; applying appropriate similarity transformations and reducing governing equations to highly nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. The objective of this analysis is to determine how the suction parameter, Hartmann number, squeeze number, thermophoresis parameter, and Prandtl number affect the velocity and temperature profiles. When the current findings are compared with those that have already been published in the literature, confident suppositions are made, and it is discovered that there is considerable agreement. Graphs have been used to discuss the influence of nondimensional characteristics on velocity and temperature.

MHD effects on Casson fluid flow squeezing between parallel plates

<abstract> <p>We introduce this work by studying the non-Newtonian fluids, which have huge applications in different science fields. We decided to concentrate on taking the time-dependent Casson fluid, which is non-Newtonian, compressed between two flat plates. in fractional form and the magnetohydrodynamic and Darcian flow effects in consideration using the semi-analytical iterative method created by Temimi and Ansari, known as TAM, this method is carefully selected to be suitable for studying the Navier-Stokes model in the modified form to express the studied case mathematically. To simplify the partial differential equations of the system to the nonlinear ordinary differential equation of order four the similarity transformations suggested by Wang (1976) are used. The TAM approach demonstrates a high degree of accuracy, efficiency, and convergence when applied to the resolution of both linear and nonlinear problems, and the results in this article are used to study the effect of the related factors like squeeze number <italic>Sq</italic>, Casson parameter<italic>β</italic>, magnetohydrodynamic parameter <italic>Mg</italic> and permeability constant <italic>Mp</italic> and examining the skin friction coefficient effect. The velocity profile is studied numerically, which is tabulated and graphically represented to show and confirm the theoretical study. We can conclude that the success of the proposed method in studying time-dependent Casson fluid, which is non-Newtonian, compressed between two flat plates provides opportunities for additional study and advancements in fluid mechanics using the techniques.</p> </abstract>

Analysis of a Squeezing Flow of a Casson Nanofluid between Two Parallel Disks in the Presence of a Variable Magnetic Field

The present article deals with the MHD flow of a Casson nanofluid between two disks. The lower disk was fixed as well as permeable. The upper disk was not permeable, but it could move perpendicularly up and down toward the lower disk. Titanium dioxide was selected as nanoparticles and water as a base fluid. The governing higher-order nonlinear partial differential equations were transformed into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation. The differential transform method (DTM) was applied to solve the nonlinear ODEs. The nature of the velocity profiles for the different values of the suction injection parameter, the squeeze number, the Casson fluid parameter, and the volume fraction parameter of the nanofluid are pictorially discussed in this paper. The coefficient of skin friction was tabulated for the novelty of the research. The comparison of the results was determined by the DTM and the numerical methods. The profile values were also compared with the literature work and found to agree. This comparative study proves the accuracy and efficiency of the method. It is concluded from this research that the flow properties behave oppositely for all parameters during suction and injection.

Effect of chemical reaction on double diffusive MHD squeezing copper water nanofluid flow between parallel plates

This article presents the investigation relating to the mass and heat transfer characteristics of MHD copper–water unsteady incompressible nanofluid flow squeezed within two parallel plates in the presence of applied magnetic field and chemical reaction by employing a systematic method called Differential Transformation Method (DTM) and numerically solved using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method. The distinct feature is the inclusion of chemical reaction term of order greater than or equal to one. The governing nonlinear two-dimensional PDEs are altered into ODEs using similarity transformations. The flow, heat and mass transfer results thus found are validated with previous investigations. Effects of squeezing parameter, Eckert and Hartmann numbers on velocity, thermal and mass transfer profiles are analysed and the behaviour of squeeze number on skin friction, Sherwood and Nusselt numbers are dissertated and concluded by means of diagrams. Through this study, it is found that the concentration field reduces for positive values of Cr and rises for negative values of Cr whereas Sherwood number decreases when Cr increases. Increment in order of chemical reaction parameter results in increasing solutal profile.

Fractional analysis of unsteady squeezing flow of Casson fluid via homotopy perturbation method

The objective of this article is to model and analyze unsteady squeezing flow of fractional MHD Casson fluid through a porous channel. Casson fluid model is significant in understanding the properties of non-Newtonian fluids such as blood flows, printing inks, sauces and toothpaste etc. This study provides important results as unsteady flow of Casson fluid in fractional sense with aforementioned effects has not been captured in existing literature. After applying similarity transformations along with fractional calculus a highly non-linear fractional-order differential equation is obtained. Modeled equation is then solved along with no-slip boundary conditions through a hybrid of Laplace transform with homotopy perturbation algorithm. For validity purposes, solution and errors at various values in fractional domain are compared with existing results. LHPM results are better in terms of accuracy than other available results in literature. Effects of fractional parameter on the velocity profile, skin friction and behaviors of involved fluid parameters is the focal point of this study. Comprehensive, quantitative and graphical analysis is performed for investigating the effects of pertinent fluid parameters on the velocity profile and skin friction. Analysis revealed that fractional parameter depicts similar effect in case of positive and negative squeeze number. Also, skin friction decreases with an increasing fractional parameter. Moreover, in fractional environment Casson parameter has shown similar effect on the velocity profile in case of positive and negative squeeze number.

Standardization of Air Stacking as Lung Expansion Therapy for Patients With Restrictive Lung Disease: A Pilot Study.

Although air stacking is a widely used lung expansion therapy essential for restrictive lung diseases, important details such as peak insufflation pressure (PIP) and number of squeezes have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to standardize a method of air stacking to minimize problems with its application by identifying the optimal pressure and number of squeezes performed by professional physicians and investigating the current status of routine air stacking implementation in patients. This prospective cross-sectional test-retest study involved individuals who had neuromuscular disorders and had performed air stacking exercise for longer than 1year. PIP and number of squeezes were measured to identify the differences between caregivers and physicians. Cases of incorrectly performed air stacking were investigated and categorized. The problems associated with air stacking were evaluated. A total of 45 participants were included. PIP was 41.4 (SD = 4.2; range = 34.8-50.0) cm H2O, and optimal number of squeezes was 3.1 (SD = 0.5; range = 2-4). When the air stacking methods used by caregivers were evaluated, 19 of 45 caregivers (42.2%) used methods inappropriately. Higher PIP and larger number of squeezes were observed with caregiver implementation. Thirty caregivers (66.7%) experienced finger or wrist pain; this problem was observed especially in female caregivers, who tended to incorrectly perform air stacking. This pilot study showed that the optimal pressure of air stacking was 35 to 50cm H2O. Caregivers often perform air stacking inappropriately, leading to complications without achieving the purpose of air stacking. The introduction of a new method, such as manometry, can be helpful for achieving optimal air stacking. Optimal pressure of air stacking can be measured with inexpensive, simple, and commercially available digital manometry. This approach enables air stacking to be performed and taught more accurately and efficiently and reduces complications in both patients and caregivers.

The Influence of Effective Prandtl Number Model on the Micropolar Squeezing Flow of Nanofluids between Parallel Disks

A mathematical model of micropolar squeezing flow of nanofluids between parallel planes is taken into consideration under the influence of the effective Prandtl number using ethyl glycol (C2H6O2) and water (H2O) as base fluids along with nanoparticles of gamma alumina (γAl2O3). The governing nonlinear PDEs are changed into a system of ODEs via suitable transformations. The RKF (Range–Kutta–Fehlberg) technique is used to solve the system of nonlinear equations deriving from the governing equation. The velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are depicted graphically for emerging parameters such as Hartmann number M, micronation parameter K, squeeze number R, Brownian motion parameter Nb, and thermophoresis parameter Nt. However, physical parameters such as skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are portrayed in tabulated form. The inclusion of the effective Prandtl number model indicated that the effect of the micropolar parameter K on angular velocity h(ξ) in both suction and injection cases is opposite for both nanofluids. It is observed that the increase in angular velocity is rapid for γAl2O3−C2H6O2 throughout the study.

Electroosmotic modulated unsteady squeezing flow with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, electric and magnetic field effects

Modern lubrication systems are increasingly deploying smart (functional) materials. These respond to various external stimuli including electrical and magnetic fields, acoustics, light etc. Motivated by such developments, in the present article unsteady electro-magnetohydrodynamics squeezing flow and heat transfer in a smart ionic viscous fluid intercalated between parallel plates with zeta potential effects is examined. The proposed mathematical model of problem is formulated as a system of partial differential equations (continuity, momenta and energy). Viscous dissipation and variable thermal conductivity effects are included. Axial electrical distribution is also addressed. The governing equations are converted into ordinary differential equations via similarity transformations and then solved numerically with MATLAB software. The transport phenomena are scrutinized for both when the plates move apart or when they approach each other. Also, the impact of different parameters such squeezing number, variable thermal conductivity parameter, Prandtl number, Hartmann number, Eckert number, zeta potential parameter, electric field parameter and electroosmosis parameter on the axial velocity and fluid temperature are analysed. For varied intensities of applied plate motion, the electro-viscous effects derived from electric double-capacity flow field distortions are thoroughly studied. It has been shown that the results from the current model differ significantly from those achieved by using a standard Poisson–Boltzmann equation model. Axial velocity acceleration is induced with negative squeeze number (plates approaching, S < 0) in comparison to that of positive squeeze number (plates separating, S > 0). Velocity enhances with increasing electroosmosis parameter and zeta potential parameter. With rising values of zeta potential and electroosmosis parameter, there is a decrease in temperatures for U e > 0 for both approaching i.e. squeezing plates (S < 0) and separating (S > 0) cases. The simulations provide novel insights into smart squeezing lubrication with thermal effects and also a solid benchmark for further computational fluid dynamics investigations.

An alternative method for investigating the effect of squeezing flow of a Casson fluid between parallel walls on magnetic field

In this article, the Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Casson fluid between parallel plate is numerically investigated. The nonlinear ordinary differential equation arising from the governing equations was numerically analyzed using collocation method of weighted residual. The efficiency of the method was measured by comparing the solutions obtained with the literatures. The compared results were found to be in excellent agreement. Flow behavior under the influence of physical variables (Squeeze number S, Casson fluid γ and Magnet number M) were presented in tabular and graphical form.

INVESTIGATION OF THE HEAT PERFORMANCE FOR SQUEEZED HYBRID NANOFLUID FLOW BETWEEN PARALLEL DISKS EMBEDDED IN POROUS MEDIUM WITH THERMAL RADIATION

This study's primary contribution determines the heat transfer performance and flow characteristics of a hybrid nanofluid between two parallel disks. The squeezing aspects of the hybrid nanofluid are investigated considering when the plates shift apart and come together. The impacts of thermal radiation and suction/injection are further investigated. Also, the Darcy-Forchheimer model is used for porous medium. The mathematical formulation for the transport of momentum and heat is portrayed by a partial differential equation set, which is then diagnosed by embracing a fourth-order exactness program (Bvp4c). Graphical findings expose the importance of miscellaneous arising parameters on the velocity, temperature, and local Nusselt numbers. The dominant value of porosity constraint and magnetic parameter reduces the temperature distribution of fluid. Furthermore, increased squeeze number causes the temperature profile to exhibit contrary behavior. Hybrid nanofluid gives notable enhancement in heat transfer rate compared to nanofluid.

Modeling and study of the arterial blood flow loaded with nanoparticles under squeezing action in presence of a magnetic field

This article is intended to study the arterial blood flow with nanoparticles in a magnetic field due to the squeezing action of the heart, the study was treated as acasson nanofluid flowing between two parallel plates placed at a distance varying in time and under the influence of a uniform magnetic field with variable chemical reaction. Considering the following effects: viscous dissipation, generation of heat due to friction caused by shear in the flow, joule heating, brownian motion, and the influence of thermo-diffusion. Homotopy Perturbation Method is used to solve the nonlinear differential equations governing the problem. To verify the accuracy of the analytical method used, the results of the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) are compared with the results of the Numerical method using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method (RK-4) and other results obtained in previous works so that the high accuracy of results is clear. Flow behaviour under the modifying involved physical parameters is also discussed and explained in detail in the form of graphs and tables. Through this study it is observed that magnetic field can be used as a control phenomenon in many flows as it normalizes the flow behaviour. Also, it is shown that positive and negative squeeze numbers have opposite effects on heat and mass transfer flow throughout all the cases. Further, the concentration field is a decreasing function of thermophoresis parameter. While, concentration profile enhances with raising brownian motion parameter. And various other important parameters were analyzed. Findings from this study can help engineers to improve and researchers to investigate faster and easier.