Squares-structural Equation Modeling Research Articles

Unlocking sustainable competitive advantage: The catalytic role of digital talent and knowledge workers in digital leadership in tourism and hospitality industry

The study aims to investigate the impact of digital leadership on sustainable competitive advantage, digital talent, and knowledge workers. Additionally, it explores the mediating role of digital talent (DT) and knowledge workers (KW) in the relationship between digital leadership (DL) and sustainable competitive advantage (SC), using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as its theoretical foundation. The researchers employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine survey data from 784 employees working in Egyptian travel agencies and tour operators. The results demonstrate that DL significantly enhances SC, DT, and KW. Moreover, DT and KW were shown to positively contribute to SC and serve as partial mediators in the relationship between DL and SC. The findings highlight the crucial role of developing DT and creating an environment that embraces technological acceptance and innovation. This approach amplifies the strategic effectiveness of DL, ultimately contributing to long-term organizational success.

Impact of Human Capital and Structural Capital on Competitive Advantage: Evidence from Indonesian Provincial Government Institutions

Purpose: This study investigates the influence of human capital, structural capital, and knowledge management on competitive advantage within the North Sulawesi Provincial Government, Indonesia. It aims to understand whether knowledge management mediates the relationship between human capital, structural capital, and competitive advantage in the context of public sector organizations. Theoretical Reference: The research is grounded in the Knowledge-Based View (KBV) theory, which postulates that knowledge is a critical resource for competitive advantage. It also explores the role of intellectual capital (human and structural capital) as sources of knowledge and their interplay with knowledge management. Method: A quantitative approach was utilized, involving 147 public officers from seven departments under the North Sulawesi Provincial Government. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS 3.0 software. Results and Conclusion: The findings indicate that: Human capital positively impacts competitive advantage. Structural capital does not directly influence competitive advantage but has a significant effect through the mediation of knowledge management. Knowledge management positively affects competitive advantage and mediates the relationship between structural capital and competitive advantage. However, it does not mediate the relationship between human capital and competitive advantage.These results highlight the critical role of knowledge management in leveraging structural capital for competitive advantage in public sector organizations. Implications of Research: Theoretical Implications: The study contributes to the literature on intellectual capital and competitive advantage in public sector contexts, providing novel insights into the mediating role of knowledge management. Practical Implications: Policymakers should focus on enhancing human capital, improving structural capital, and fostering effective knowledge management processes to boost the competitive advantage of public sector organizations. Originality/Value: This research addresses a gap in understanding competitive advantage within Indonesian public institutions by examining intangible resources and knowledge management. It provides a unique perspective on public sector competitiveness, particularly in the context of regional government institutions in North Sulawesi.

Decoding ethnic food selection at religious tourism sites: exploring self­congruity and the influence of social media celebrities’ intimate selfdisclosure

Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of symbolic and functional congruity on pilgrims’ intention to buy ethnic food which leads toward behavior in the religious tourism context. Moreover, the moderating effect of social media celebrities’ intimate disclosures (SMCs-ISD) on the association between intention and behavior is also tested. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted to collect data, and 443 participants provided valid responses. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings The findings demonstrate that actual and ideal self-image significantly influence the symbolic congruence whereas quality, health and price are significantly associated with functional congruence. In addition, symbolic and functional congruence is significantly related to pilgrims’ intention to use ethnic food which in turn influences their behavior. Moreover, the moderating effect of SMCs-ISD is also found significant. Originality/value Grounded in self-congruity theory, this study explores the impact of functional and symbolic congruity on pilgrims’ intentions to buy ethnic food in religious tourism. It addresses the intention-behavior gap by examining the moderating effect of SMCs-ISD through the lens of parasocial relationship theory. This dual theoretical approach offers new insights into how self-congruity and social media influence shape consumer behavior in this unique context.

Instructor's Emotional Intelligence Improves Pilot Student's Achievement at Akademi Penerbang Indonesia Banyuwangi

This study investigates the impact of Instructor Emotional Intelligence (IEI) on Pilot Student's Academic Achievement (PSA) at the Indonesian Aviation Academy in Banyuwangi. A quantitative approach using a survey method was employed to collect data from 20 pilot students selected through purposive sampling. The main research instrument was a questionnaire designed to measure relevant variables, which was validated for reliability and accuracy. Data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method with the SmartPLS 3 software, allowing for examination within a small sample and complex model structure. The findings indicate a significant relationship between instructor emotional intelligence and pilot student academic achievement. Indicators such as emotion management, empathy, and instructor motivation contribute positively to enhancing pilot students' academic performance. The loading factor and path coefficient values suggest that IEI has a strong influence on PSA, highlighting that students are more motivated and prepared to face academic challenges when guided by emotionally intelligent instructors. This study underscores the importance of instructors’ emotional skills in creating a supportive learning environment that can foster increased motivation and academic achievement among students. It recommends that aviation education institutions consider implementing emotional intelligence training for instructors to improve the quality of education and student learning outcomes.

The impact of digital transformation and ESG on customer behaviour towards brands at commercial banks in Ho Chi Minh city

ESG (environmental, social and governance, a framework used to assess an organisation’s business practices and performance on various sustainability and ethical issues) and Digital Transformation (the process of using digital technologies to change a business’s operations, products and services by integrating digital solutions into all areas of the business, which can lead to cultural and technological changes) are emerging issues across different industries, including the banking field. There has been limited research focusing on exploring the linkages between ESG, Digital Transformation and Customer Behaviour in the banking area, especially within developing countries such as Vietnam. Based on this gap, this study analyses and assesses the role of Digital Transformation and ESG on customer behaviour towards brands in the banking sector in Ho Chi Minh City. The research employed the quantitative research methods with the combination of fundamental analytical methods such as statistics, Cronbach’s alpha reliability, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), measurement models and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The analysis was based on survey data from 550 customers who are the commercial banks’ current customers and live in Ho Chi Minh City, yielding 514 valid responses. Using SPSS and SMART PLS software, the study provided notable results. Specifically: (1) The component factors of ESG, including Environmental Issues (EN), Social Issues (SO), Government Issues (GO) and Digital Transformation (DT), positively influence Customer Behaviour (CB); (2) The component factors of ESG, including Environmental Issues (EN), Social Issues (SO) and Government Issues (GO), play a mediating role in the relationship between Digital Transformation (DT) and Customer Behaviour (CB).

Factors predicting the mathematics anxiety of adolescents: a structural equation modeling approach

IntroductionMathematics anxiety (MA) is a distinct negative emotional state or trait that individuals experience when confronted with mathematical problems in everyday life and academic contexts. This study aims to identify the key predictors of MA among secondary-level students in Bangladesh.MethodsUtilizing a quantitative cross-sectional research design, data were collected from 486 students across 89 institutions. Later, the data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).ResultsThe findings revealed that math related negative past experiences (β = 0.241, t = 4.914, p < 0.001) and a perceived lack of teacher support (β = 0.234, t = 5.440, p < 0.001) significantly contribute to students’ low self-efficacy in mathematics. This low self-efficacy is further influenced by negative attitudes and test anxiety, ultimately leading to increased MA (β = 0.694, t = 22.695, p < 0.001). Additionally, cognitive challenges, particularly working memory difficulties, directly affect MA (β = 0.110, t = 2.659, p = 0.008). The study also found that negative attitudes (β = 0.347, t = 9.063, p < 0.001) and test anxiety (β = 0.251, t = 5.913, p < 0.001) independently exacerbate MA. Moreover, a lack of motivation in learning mathematics is directly influenced by this elevated level of MA (β = 0.384, t = 9.939, p < 0.001).DiscussionTaken together, the study proposes several key recommendations and policy implications to inform the development of synchronized policies by educational authorities aimed at combatting, reducing MA among secondary-level students in Bangladesh and similar contexts.

Contribution to accelerated internationalization with digital forensic accounting and metaverse circular business model innovation for Vietnam-based SMEs

This study endeavors to examine the relationship between digital forensic accounting (DFAC) and accelerated internationalization capabilities (AIC). The study posits that the relationship between DFAC and AIC is mediated by metaverse circular business model innovation (MCBMI). The data was collected from employees in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam employing a combination of convenience and snowball sampling approaches, utilizing a quantitative research design and deductive approach. SmartPLS version 4 software was employed to analyze the data using partial least squares-structural equation modeling. This investigation determined that AIC is insubstantially influenced by DFAC. Nevertheless, the relationship between DFAC and AIC is positively mediated by MCBMI. The findings of this investigation would function as a reliable foundation for future research endeavors, as well as for the advancement of scientific comprehension by expanding the current scope of this research line. From a practical perspective, these critical insights could facilitate the development of strategies that are specifically tailored to the implementation of circular business models, as well as policies and regulations that are pertinent to the incorporation of Metaverse platforms to enhance SMEs’ internationalization performance.

What drives Chinese youth to use fitness-related health information on social media? An analysis of intrinsic needs, social media algorithms, and source credibility

IntroductionThe role of social media in providing fitness-related health information has been widely discussed; however, there is a notable lack of research on fitness-related health information behaviors among youth within the social media context. This study aims to address this gap by integrating Self-Determination Theory (SDT)-based internal factors and external factors (social media algorithms and source credibility).MethodsA voluntary sample of 600 participants, aged 15 to 29, was recruited. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the relationships between variables.ResultsThe analysis revealed that all three intrinsic needs—competence, autonomy, and relatedness—along with social media algorithms and source credibility, positively correlated with fitness-related health information use behaviors among youth. Additionally, social media algorithms moderated the relationship between the need for relatedness and fitness-related health information behavior.DiscussionThese findings provide new insights into developing health communication strategies on social media, particularly targeted toward the youth demographic, enhancing our understanding of effective health information dissemination in digital environments.

The Impact of Social Influences on Investment Decision-Making: A Multi-Method Analysis of Vietnamese Investors

This study explores the impact of social influences on investment decision-making, focusing on Vietnamese investors and employing a multi-method approach. Drawing on Social Contagion Theory, Behavioural Finance Theory, and Information Cascade Theory, the research examines how social media, peer pressure, and expert opinions shape investment behaviour. A representative sample of 368 individual investors was analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), revealing significant direct effects of social influences, moderated by investment self-efficacy and risk perception. Notably, novice investors were more susceptible to peer pressure and social media, while experienced investors relied heavily on expert advice. The findings extend theoretical frameworks by elucidating the mediating and moderating mechanisms of social influences and providing boundary conditions based on investor experience. Methodological contributions include the integration of quantitative and qualitative approaches and advanced analytical techniques. Practical implications highlight the need for investment platforms to provide tailored decision-support tools, financial advisors to enhance investor self-efficacy, and regulators to address misinformation risks in digital platforms. Despite limitations such as reliance on self-reported data and a cross-sectional design, the study offers a robust foundation for future research into the dynamic interaction of social and cognitive factors in financial decision-making.

Sustainability in Business Events: How Hybrid Formats Shape Attendee Decision-Making

This study explores how the availability of hybrid business event formats influences attendees' decision-making concerning sustainable practices, addressing a gap in understanding how hybrid formats impact participation choices in the context of sustainability. The research specifically aims to examine how sustainability practices in accommodation, transportation, catering, and venue selection affect the likelihood of on-site attendance and how the option of hybrid participation shifts preferences toward virtual engagement. Data was collected from 533 international business event attendees, and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used for analysis. The findings reveal that hybrid events, while promoting inclusivity and reducing environmental impacts, often lead to increased online participation, particularly among attendees with strong environmental concerns. Even when sustainable practices are implemented on-site, many participants prefer virtual options to minimise their carbon footprint further. This poses a challenge for event organisers striving to balance sustainability goals with the need to maintain physical attendance to keep the business industry running. The study offers practical recommendations for organising more sustainable and inclusive events, emphasising the importance of integrating green practices while leveraging hybrid formats to meet evolving participant preferences. These insights are crucial for guiding the future of sustainable event planning in the business events industry.

Navigating Uncertainty Through Resilience, Absorptive Capacity and Adaptive Performance in Shaping SME Exit Intentions in the Tourism Industry

This research examines how absorptive capacity and adaptive performance address the connection between entrepreneurs' resilience and their desire to leave their businesses among Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the tourism industry. Specifically, this study focuses on tourism SMEs in Terengganu, Malaysia, a region heavily dependent on tourism as a key economic driver. The study integrates multiple constructs within the tourism entrepreneurship domain, including resilience, absorptive capacity, adaptive performance, and business exit intentions. A survey was conducted using self-administered questionnaires between October 2023 and December 2023, with valid responses from 205 tourism SMEs. The data were analysed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results demonstrated a significant relationship between entrepreneurial resilience and the intention to exit the business, with absorptive capacity and adaptive performance acting as key mediators. The findings provide insights into how resilience helps entrepreneurs navigate challenges, sustaining their businesses amid uncertainties. The study offers strategic implications for tourism entrepreneurs, policymakers, and industry stakeholders by emphasising the importance of resilience and adaptive strategies in reducing business exit intentions. These insights contribute to a broader understanding of how entrepreneurial resilience, absorptive capacity, and adaptive performance interplay to influence critical business decisions, which can inform policies and interventions aimed at enhancing SME sustainability, particularly in emerging tourism markets.

AI adoption: a bridge or a barrier? The moderating role of organizational support in the path toward employee well-being

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess how managerial capability affects artificial intelligence (AI) adoption and employee well-being now in a dynamic context of organizational change. This study investigated the role that managerial capability and organizational support play in facilitating successful AI technology implementation within organizations. The study seeks to provide an integrated perspective on how organizations can help mitigate the effects of AI anxiety and improve the well-being of employees.Design/methodology/approachA survey questionnaire was administered to collect data from 324 employees and managers working in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) located in Pakistan. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed using Smart PLS version 4.1.0.3 to analyze the relationships between the study variables.FindingsThe findings of the study show that AI anxiety can significantly impact employee well-being. However, the relationship was moderated by organizational support. When organizational support was high, the effects of AI anxiety decline on employee well-being.Originality/valueThis study offers three important implications; it adds to our understanding regarding AI adoption and its effect on employee well-being by addressing how managerial interventions may facilitate the smooth integration of AI technology and examining the moderating effect that organizational support might have over the association between anxiety and employee well-being. Additionally, we have offered a nuanced view of the potential impact of AI adoption on employees and offered practical recommendations for organizations to undertake to address AI anxiety and promote employee well-being during AI implementation.

Founder’s international market knowledge and SMEs resource orchestration ability: a moderated-mediated analysis

Purpose This study aims to examine the relationship between a founder’s knowledge of international markets and the firm’s ability to acquire and orchestrate resources for its international operations. Design/methodology/approach This investigation uses an empirical methodology using data obtained from SMEs engaged in exporting activities in the Middle East. The data collection used a random sampling approach, reaching 284 samples from SMEs that are privately held and engaged in international ventures within the past five years, deriving more than 35% of export sales directly. The relationships within the data were scrutinized through partial least squares-structural equation modeling. Findings The examination recognizes a positive and direct correlation between founders’ knowledge of international markets and SMEs resource orchestration ability. The results find support for both of mediated and moderated paths and uncover the mediated role of SMEs resource acquisition ability in relationship between founders’ knowledge and SMEs resources orchestration ability. Level of SME internationalization and degree of innovation initiatives positively moderate this relationship as well. Research limitations/implications The study’s results contribute to the theory and practice of international entrepreneurship and cognitive psychology, but there are a few limitations to be conscious of. For example, the relationship between founders’ knowledge, resource acquisition and resource orchestration is strengthened by SMEs’ levels of internationalization and their degree of innovativeness. However, to anticipate resource acquisition, future studies might model a direct link between SMEs level of internationalization and degree of innovativeness. Practical implications This research offers practical recommendations for owner–managers of SMEs in the field of international entrepreneurship in emerging market environments, particularly regarding the use of founders’ knowledge in resource orchestration and when it is most useful. To be more precise, entrepreneurs should prioritize the transfer of their knowledge of international markets as a knowledge base to obtain resources for their international operations. This includes both the acquisition of resources and the orchestration of these resources concerning the utilization of product–market opportunities to create economic value. Originality/value This research provides unique perspectives on the interaction between founders’ knowledge of international markets and firms’ resource orchestration ability. The findings have significant implications for the advancement of theory and managerial implications in the fields of cognitive psychology, international business and entrepreneurship.

Sexual harassment and employee performance in the construction industry: the mediating role of psychological distress and employee engagement

PurposeThe construction industry presents a particularly notable and demanding setting where sexual harassment demands special consideration. With its largely male-dominated workforce, intense work settings and entrenched workplace norms, the construction sector provides a unique backdrop in which the complexities of sexual harassment manifest. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between sexual harassment and employee performance in the construction industry, with a particular focus on examining the mediating roles of psychological distress and employee engagement.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey design was utilized to collect data from 188 construction industry professionals. Participants completed validated questionnaires assessing their experiences with sexual harassment, levels of psychological distress, employee engagement and self-reported performance indicators. Partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was conducted to examine the direct and mediated effects of sexual harassment on employee performance through psychological distress and employee engagement.FindingsThe findings reveal a lack of statistical significance in the negative relationship between sexual harassment and employee performance within the construction sector. Furthermore, there was a significant negative relationship between sexual harassment and employee engagement. Employee engagement emerged as a full mediator, buffering the negative effects of harassment on performance and suggesting that engaged employees may be better equipped to cope with and mitigate the impact of harassment.Research limitations/implicationsThe study’s findings contribute to understanding workplace dynamics amidst sexual harassment in construction. Work engagement fully mediates the relationship, highlighting the need to prioritize initiatives aimed at enhancing employee engagement, such as promoting a supportive and fostering open communication channels between management and employees, can mitigate the occurrence and negative impacts of sexual harassment on employee performance. Continuous monitoring of engagement levels is crucial for sustaining positive work environments.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing literature by providing quantitative evidence of the relationship between sexual harassment and employee performance in the construction industry. By examining the mediating roles of psychological distress and employee engagement, the research offers a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying this relationship. The findings underscore the importance of addressing sexual harassment and promoting employee well-being to foster a safe and productive work environment in the construction industry.

Mathematical resilience and learning climate in view of learning style: The impact of improving mathematical reasoning in vocational schools

This research aims to analyze the influence of mathematical resilience and learning climate on the mathematical reasoning of Vocational High School (SMK) students, as well as examining the role of learning style as a moderating variable. Mathematical resilience, which reflects students' ability to persist in facing difficulties in learning mathematics, as well as a positive learning climate, is thought to have an important contribution to mathematical reasoning abilities. The research approach used is a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at two vocational schools in Malang with a total of 200 respondents. Data was collected through mathematical resilience questionnaires, learning climate, learning styles, and mathematical reasoning tests, then analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 software. Validity and reliability tests showed that all instruments used met the criteria determined, with an AVE value above 0.5 and a Composite Reliability value above 0.7, indicating a valid and reliable instrument. All indicators used in this research also met the significance test with a p-value below 0.05. The research results show that mathematical resilience has a significant influence on students' mathematical reasoning (path coefficient 0.237, t-statistic 3.803, p-value 0.000). The learning climate was also proven to have a positive effect on mathematical reasoning (path coefficient 0.287, t-statistic 4.125, p-value 0.000). However, learning style does not significantly moderate the influence of mathematical resilience on mathematical reasoning but plays a moderate role in the relationship between learning climate and mathematical reasoning (t-statistic 2.102, p-value 0.036). These findings provide insight into the importance of learning strategies that support resilience and learning climate to improve students' mathematical reasoning abilities at the vocational secondary education level.

Pengaruh Kinerja Kualitas Layanan, Kualitas Produk, Kepuasan Pelanggan dan Niat Beli Ulang pada Restoran Hoka-Hoka Bento di Kabupaten Tangerang

The fast food restaurant industry has experienced rapid growth and has become one of the important sectors in the culinary business, fast food restaurant business actors continue to innovate to meet the needs and desires of consumers. The intention to repurchase is the most important part that must be considered by restaurant business actors which directly impacts the sustainability and growth of the business. This study aims to fill the knowledge gap about the role of service quality performance on product quality, customer satisfaction, and repurchase intention in Hoka-Hoka Bento restaurant customers in the Tangerang Regency area. Data collection was obtained through a questionnaire distributed online in June 2024. The sampling method used is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique The data analysis technique used is Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of data processing show that the performance of service quality,product quality, and customer satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on repurchase intentions. This research contributes to companies to improve service quality performance in forming repurchase intentions in consumers. Further research is expected to use a larger scale of respondents and use different platforms.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Loyalitas Pelanggan pada Restoran Cepat Saji di Kabupaten Tangerang

The fast food industry has grown rapidly driven by urbanization, modern lifestyles, and innovation in menus and service. This industry also faces significant challenges, namely intense competition. Therefore, companies need to improve factors that can strengthen relationships with customers and encourage them to remain loyal. This research aims to analyze the influence of service quality, price and food quality on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty at the Tigaraksa fast food restaurant. This research uses quantitative methods and uses non-probability sampling methods with purposive sampling techniques. The data analysis technique used was Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), with a sample size of 240 respondents. The results of data processing prove that service quality has a positive effect on customer satisfaction. Price has a positive effect on customer satisfaction. Food quality has a positive effect on customer satisfaction. Service quality has a positive effect on customer loyalty. Price has a positive effect on customer loyalty. Food quality has a positive effect on customer loyalty, and customer satisfaction can increase customer loyalty. This research contributes to restaurant managers continuing to improve service quality, setting competitive prices, and ensuring consistent food quality in order to achieve higher customer satisfaction and loyalty.

What influences the on-site recycling behaviour of C&D plastic waste in Australia? An action determination model approach

While the recycling of construction waste has received widespread attention, plastic waste generated at construction sites has been overlooked. At the same time, existing studies on pro-environmental behaviour have only considered practical knowledge of implementing recycling, while ignoring the possible impact of circular economy knowledge on recycling behaviour. This study investigates on-site personnel's behaviour regarding C&D plastic waste recycling through the lens of the comprehensive action determination model (CADM), which uniquely incorporates behaviour as a key variable and extends with moderating effect of knowledge of the circular economy. Utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), results indicate that perceived behavioural control is the most substantial factor influencing recycling behaviour of plastic waste on construction sites rather than intention. This is in stark contrast to existing pro-environmental behaviours research and reflects the importance of providing resources and encouragement to increase personnel's confidence in performing recycling behaviours on site, contributing more to actual behaviours than intention. Key areas for improvement were identified, including management encouragement, resource allocation (site area, timeline, budget), and recycling training. Contrary to expectations, awareness of the circular economy did not statistically significantly moderate the predictors of recycling behaviour and intentions, perhaps because participants had limited knowledge of plastic consumption and recycling rates in the construction industry. As construction personnel become more familiar with the circular economy, future research should re-evaluate these moderating effects and consider conducting categorical moderation analyses with larger sample sizes, incorporating variables such as work experience, project type, and project phase.

Observing the Influence of Job Demands, Job Resources, and Family Demands on Work Engagement Moderated by Self-Efficacy

According to the Job Demand-Resource Theory, job demands, job resources, and personal resources significantly influence employee performance through work engagement (Bakker & Demerouti, 2017). Furthermore, performance is also affected by demands and resources originating from the family context (Brummelhuis & Bakker, 2012). This study aims to examine the impact of job demands, job resources, and family demands on work engagement, with self-efficacy as a moderating variable. The research was conducted at the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) across various districts/cities in North Sumatra Province, using a sample of 309 employees. The sampling technique employed was systematic random sampling, and the data analysis method used was Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The study's findings show that both job resources and self-efficacy significantly and positively impact work engagement. This suggests that increases in job resources and self-efficacy are associated with enhanced work engagement. Conversely, job demands and family demands did not significantly affect work engagement. Additionally, the findings reveal that self-efficacy does not significantly moderate the relationship between job demands, job resources, family demands, and work engagement.

Increasing Teacher Creativity Through Strengthening Teamwork, Personality And Work Motivation

Creativity is a behavior that must be possessed by humans in order to adapt to a rapidly changing environment. The challenges faced in daily life, including at work, make humans creative, both in thinking and in acting. The purpose of this study is to find solutions, namely strategies and ways to improve teacher creativity by examining the influence of other variables on teacher creativity. These variables are teamwork, personality, and work motivation. This study is a non-parametric study because the entire population of 153 private high school teachers in Depok City, West Java, Indonesia, was taken as a sample. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using PLS-SEM (Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling). The results showed that teamwork, personality and work motivation have positive direct and indirect effects on teacher creativity. A discussion of the research findings and their implications as well as suggestions will be discussed further at the end of the article.