SPR Biosensor Research Articles

A PDA/AuNPs/PDANPs Sandwich Structure Modified Fiber Optic SPR Biosensor for High Precision and Specific Detection of Rabbit IgG

A PDA/AuNPs/PDANPs Sandwich Structure Modified Fiber Optic SPR Biosensor for High Precision and Specific Detection of Rabbit IgG

Optical Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for the Detection of the Various Kind of Cancerous Cell.

This research explores a novel biosensor design that exhibits much higher sensitivity compared to conventional biosensors. The biosensor's uniqueness originated from its innovative structure, which incorporates N-FK51A/Ag/AlON/BlueP materials, as well as its cutting-edge fabrication method. The refractive index component was considered when designing the SPR biosensor, which was developed from the angular analysis of the attenuated total reflection (ATR) approach for cancer detection. For instance, the resonance angle shifts by 15.57 deg when the refractive index changes from 1.360 to 1.401, demonstrating the sensor's responsiveness to variation in the refractive index. The sensitivities for skin (basal), cervical (HeLa), blood (Jurkat), adrenal gland (PC12), and breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) cancer cells were 197.65, 243.66, 255.36, 302.71, 372.57, and 416.85 deg/RIU, respectively. Also, the detection accuracy (DA), the figure of merit (FoM), and the quality factor were 0.37/deg, 155.94 (deg/RIU), and 26.71 RIU-1. We also examine the effects of substituting the noble, dielectric, 2D material layer with conventional biosensor materials for six cancers. Each time, the Ag/AION/BlueP layered structure performed best in distinguishing cancer cells from healthy cells. We also study the prism effects. The proposed biosensor, with a RI of 1.29-1.40, has a linear regression coefficient of R2 of 0.96094.

Enhancing the response of a hybridization SPR biosensor using modified gold nanoparticles

Enhancing the response of a hybridization SPR biosensor using modified gold nanoparticles

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitors Screened from Autodisplayed Fv-Antibody Library.

Inhibitors of the epithermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were screened from an autodisplayed Fv-antibody library using an anti-EGF antibody. The Fv-antibody library was expressed on the outer membrane of Escherichia coli, which corresponds to the heavy chain VH region of immunoglobulin G. The library was constructed by randomizing the CDR3 region of expressed VH regions (11 amino acid residues) by site-directed mutagenesis. Using an anti-EGF antibody as a screening probe, amino acid sequences (CDR3 region) with antibody binding affinity were screened from the Fv-antibody library. These amino acid sequences were considered to have similar chemical properties to EGF, which can bind to EGFR. Two autodisplayed clones with Fv-antibodies against EGFR were screened from the Fv-antibody library, and the screened Fv-antibodies were expressed as soluble proteins. The binding affinity (KD) was estimated using an SPR biosensor, and the inhibitory activity of expressed Fv-antibodies was observed for PANC-1 pancreatic tumor cells and T98G glioblastoma cells using Western blot analysis of proteins in the EGFR-mediated signaling pathway. The viability of PANC-1 and T98G cells was observed to decrease via the inhibitory activity of expressed Fv-antibodies. Finally, interactions between Fv-antibodies and EGFR were analyzed by using molecular docking simulations.

New Approach for a Highly Sensitive V-Shaped SPR Biosensor for a Wide Range of Analyte RI Detection

New Approach for a Highly Sensitive V-Shaped SPR Biosensor for a Wide Range of Analyte RI Detection

A novel high-sensitivity sensor with asymmetric elliptical shaped exposed core and gold coating for sucrose and chemical concentration detection

The article introducing an innovative exposed core SPR biosensor employing an asymmetrical elliptic air hole PCF known for remarkable sensitivity. Gold-plated fiber sensor detects changes in refractive index. This sensor effectively covers a RI scale of 1.28 to 1.42 for analytes, showcasing its versatility in simultaneous detection. Taking into account the RI change at the outer surface, attractive sensing implementations such as optimal wavelength sensitivity of 97,000 nm/RIU and optimal amplitude sensitivity of 529.20 RIU−1 are attained. Furthermore, with a resolution of 9.09 × 10−6 RIU, a figure in merit of 170 RIU−1, an FWHM of 570 nm, and a detection accuracy of 0.0166 nm−1, the suggested sensor is impressive. This suggested sensor finds application in monitoring sucrose solutions across a spectrum ranging from 0% to 45% chemical concentration over time. It has an ideal amplitude sensitivity of 530.95 RIU−1 and an ideal wavelength sensitivity of 10,000 nm/RIU for sucrose solutions at the 40% concentration level. Furthermore, the sensor shows an ideal wavelength sensitivity of 35,000 nm/RIU and an ideal amplitude sensitivity of 793.80 RIU−1 for the detection of 2-propanol. Nevertheless, beyond sucrose noticing auspicious sensing qualities by the suggested sensor its feasibility for impact fully identifying a range of biochemical and organic samples. As a result, the proposed sensor holds promise as an exemplary choice the realms in biomedical sensing, the detection of lower RI analyses as well as chemical analysis. Streamlining practical application, the sensor's structure incorporates eight elliptical air holes, uncomplicated readily manufactural with existing technologies.

Sensitivity and performance enhancement of an SPR biosensor using a gold-silver alloy, zinc oxide and graphene

Sensitivity and performance enhancement of an SPR biosensor using a gold-silver alloy, zinc oxide and graphene

Photonic crystal fiber-based SPR biosensor coated with Ag-TiO2 and Au-TiO2 for the detection of skin cancer: a comparison

Photonic crystal fiber-based SPR biosensor coated with Ag-TiO2 and Au-TiO2 for the detection of skin cancer: a comparison

Comparative evaluation of wavelength-scanning Otto and Kretschmann configurations of SPR biosensors for low analyte concentration measurement

Abstract The growing demand for compound characterization has stimulated research, particularly in surface plasmon resonance technology. This technique monitors changes in the light-reflecting properties of a sample medium in close contact and in interaction with a plasmonic surface (typically a metal such as gold) due to shifts in the fundamental plasmon resonance of the surface. The Otto and Kretschmann configurations are commonly used in this method. When an analyte is expensive, scarce, or hazardous, it is advantageous to reduce the sample required for testing, making optimization of sample use interesting. This challenge requires trade-offs between sensitivity and LoD. This work compares two sensors in the indicated configurations designed for minimal analyte requirement (in this case, Ag nanoparticle suspensions) using the wavelength scanning technique. The results show that the Kretschmann configuration is the most efficient for characterizing nanoparticle suspensions due to its construction characteristics, ease of use, and the characteristics of the obtained response. The final arrangement is a quasi-point sensor that only requires 6μL of analyte and has a sensitivity of 4.17x10−4 RIU/λ (RIU is the refractive index unit). This study contributes to the exploration of advantages and limitations in the design and operation of SPR sensors. The work also underlies the need for future research to enhance the selectivity and versatility of these devices.

Tuning sensitivity of bimetallic, MXene and graphene-based SPR biosensors for rapid malaria detection: a numerical approach

Tuning sensitivity of bimetallic, MXene and graphene-based SPR biosensors for rapid malaria detection: a numerical approach

Design and theoretical analysis of SPR biosensors based on gold-silver alloy and protective top layer for enhanced biosensing applications

In this paper, we present a theoretical study to enhance the performance of SPR biosensor structures based on the Kretschmann configuration. We use a low refractive index CaF2 prism, a gold-silver alloy (Au10Ag90), different protective top layers, and water as a sensing medium (SM). Our results show that a structure with CaF2 prism, Au10Ag90, and SM achieves a sensitivity of 280⁰/RIU. The addition of different cover layers to this structure such as graphene, SiO2, BaTiO3, Fe2O3, and Al2O3 improves the sensitivity to 300⁰/RIU, 340⁰/RIU, 340⁰/RIU, 360⁰/RIU, and 420⁰/RIU, respectively. Finally, we conclude that the structure with Al2O3 has the best simulation results in terms of sensitivity of 420⁰/RIU, then Figure of Merit (FoM) of 83.83/RIU, and Quality Factor (QF) of 176.05/RIU. We also discuss the experimental feasibility of this work. The proposed biosensors can be used in different biological sensing applications and specifically, in the detection of cancer bio-markers in body fluids.

C-grooved dual-core PCF SPR biosensor with graphene/au coating for enhanced early cancer cell detection

C-grooved dual-core PCF SPR biosensor with graphene/au coating for enhanced early cancer cell detection

On the Feasibility of Particle Swarm Optimization Method for Inverse Design of High-Performance SPR Biosensor

On the Feasibility of Particle Swarm Optimization Method for Inverse Design of High-Performance SPR Biosensor

Bimetal Thin Film, Semiconductors, and 2D Nanomaterials in SPR Biosensors: An Approach to Enhanced Urine Glucose Sensing.

This work introduces a systematic approach for the development of Kretschmann configuration-based biosensors designed for non-invasive urine glucose detection. The methodology encompasses the utilization of various semiconductors, including Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge), Gallium Nitride (GaN), Aluminum Nitride (AlN), and Indium Nitride (InN), in combination with a bimetallic layer (comprising Au and Ag films of equal thickness) to enhance the biosensor sensitivity. Additionally, 2D nanomaterials, such as Black Phosphorus and Graphene, are integrated into the semiconductor layers to enhance performance further. These configurations are meticulously optimized through the application of the transfer matrix method (TMM), and the sensing parameters are assessed using the angular modulation method. Among the semiconductors, AlN and GaN exhibit superior results. On these substrates, Graphene and Black phosphorous (BP) layers are applied, resulting in four final structures (thicknesses in nm): BK7/Au(26)/Ag(26)/Si(6)/BP(0.53)/Biosample, BK7/Au(26)/Ag(26)/AlN(14)/BP(0.53)/Biosample, BK7/Au(26)/Ag(26)/GaN(12)/BP(0.53)/Biosample, and BK7/Au(26)/Ag(26)/GaN(12)/Graphene(0.34)/Biosample. These biosensors achieve Sensitivity(° /RIU) and Figure of Merit (FoM) (1/RIU) of 380, 360, 440, 400, and 58.5, 90, 90.65, and 82.4, respectively. Subsequently, these high-performing sensors undergo testing with actual urine glucose samples. Among them, two biosensors, BK7/Au(26)/Ag(26)/AlN(14)/BP (0.53)/Biosample and BK7/Au(26)/Ag(26)/GaN(14)/Graphene(0.34)/Biosample, exhibit outstanding performance, with sensitivities (° /RIU) and FoM (1/RIU) of 394.44 & 294.44, and 112.6 & 92.01 respectively. A comparison is also made with relevant previously published work, revealing improved performance in glucose detection.

Optimization of Novel 2D Material Based SPR Biosensor Using Machine Learning.

Biosensors are needed for today's health monitoring system for detecting different biomolecules. Graphene is a monolayer material that can be utilized to sense biomolecules and design biosensors. We have proposed a Graphene-Gold-Silver hybrid structure design based on Zinc Oxide which gives sensitive performance to detect hemoglobin biomolecules. The advanced biosensor designed based on this hybrid structure shows the highest sensitivity of 1000 nm/RIU which is far better concerning similar structure previously analyzed. The graphene-gold-silver hybrid structure is presented for its possible reflectance results and electric field results. The E-field results match well with the reflectance results given by the sensitive hybrid structure. The sensing biomolecules are presented above the structure where a combination of graphene-gold-silver hybrid structure improves the sensitivity to a great extent. The optimized parameters are obtained by applying variations in the physical parameters of the design. The machine learning algorithm employed for reflectance prediction shows a high prediction accuracy and can be utilized for simulation resource reduction. The proposed biosensor can be used in real-time hemoglobin monitoring.

Sensitive and label-free SPR biosensing platforms for high-throughput screening of plasma membrane receptors interactions with insulin-like targets of hypoglycaemic activity

Progress in medical sciences aims for tailored therapy of civilization diseases like diabetes. Preclinical screening of new medicines superior to insulin should include the verification of their affinity to the membrane receptors naturally stimulated by this hormone: insulin receptor isoforms A and B and insulin-like growth factor receptor. Considering that the affinity constants obtained using different experimental conditions are incomparable, it is essential to develop a robust and reliable method to analyze these interactions. The versatile SPR platform developed in this study enables the evaluation of the bioactivity of hypoglycaemic molecules. Thanks to the comprehensive characterization of miscellaneous aspects of the analytical platform, including the design of the SPR biosensor receptor layer, ensuring interaction specificity, as well as the quality control of the standards used (human insulin, HI; long-acting insulin analog: glargine, Gla), the feasibility of the method of equilibrium and kinetic constants determination for insulin-like targets was confirmed. SPR assays constructed in the direct format using IR-A, IR-B, and IGF1-R receptor proteins show high sensitivities and low detection limits towards insulin and glargine detection in the range of 18.3–53.3 nM with no signs of mass transport limitations. The improved analytical performance and stability of SPR biosensors favor the acquisition of good-quality kinetic data, while preservation of receptors activity after binding to long-chain carboxymethyldextran, combined with spontaneous regeneration, results in stability and long shelf life of the biosensor, which makes it useful for label-free insulin analogs biosensing and thus extensive screening in diabetic drugs discovery.

Monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT-1) inhibitors screened from autodisplayed FV-antibody library

Monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT-1) inhibitors were screened from the Fv-antibody library, which contained complementary determining region 3 with randomized amino acid sequences (11 residues) through site-directed mutagenesis. Fv-antibodies against MCT-1 were screened from the autodisplayed Fv-antibody library. Two clones were screened, and the binding affinity (KD) against MCT-1 was estimated using flow cytometry. The screened Fv-antibodies were expressed as soluble fusion proteins (Fv-1 and Fv-2) and the KD for MCT-1 was estimated using the SPR biosensor. The inhibitory activity of the expressed Fv-antibodies was observed in HEK293T and Jurkat cell lines by measuring intracellular pH and lactate accumulation. The level of cell viability in HEK293T and Jurkat cell lines was decreased by the inhibitory activity of the expressed Fv-antibodies. The binding properties of the Fv-antibodies to MCT-1 were analyzed using molecular docking simulations. Overall, the results showed that the screened Fv-antibodies against MCT-1 from the Fv-antibody library had high binding affinity and inhibitory activity against MCT-1, which could be used as potential therapeutic drug candidates for the MCT-1 inhibitor.

Effect of MoS2 and (phosphorene, germanene, borophene) hybrid structure on the performance of an SPR biosensor for detection of bacteria

Effect of MoS2 and (phosphorene, germanene, borophene) hybrid structure on the performance of an SPR biosensor for detection of bacteria

An Improved Seeker Optimization Algorithm for Phase Sensitivity Enhancement of a Franckeite- and WS2-Based SPR Biosensor for Waterborne Bacteria Detection.

For the purpose of detecting waterborne bacteria, a high-phase-sensitivity SPR sensor with an Ag-TiO2-Franckeite-WS2 hybrid structure is designed using an improved seeker optimization algorithm (ISOA). By optimizing each layer of sensor construction simultaneously, the ISOA guarantees a minimum reflectance of less than 0.01 by Ag (20.36 nm)-TiO2 (6.08 nm)-Franckeite (monolayer)-WS2 (bilayer) after 30 iterations for E. coli. And the optimal phase sensitivity is 2.378 × 106 deg/RIU. Sensor performance and computing efficiency have been greatly enhanced using the ISOA in comparison to the traditional layer-by-layer technique and the SOA method. This will enable sensors to detect a wider range of bacteria with more efficacy. As a result, the ISOA-based design idea could provide SPR biosensors with new applications in environmental monitoring.

Geometrical Optimization of TiO2-Noble Metal Grating for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity and SPR Biosensor Application

Geometrical Optimization of TiO2-Noble Metal Grating for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity and SPR Biosensor Application