Attitudes Of Spouses Research Articles

Predicting soldier retention from army spouse characteristics and attitudes: Soldiering on with spouse support

ABSTRACT The U.S. Army has a vested interest in retaining the skilled personnel necessary to achieve its mission and strategic goals. A wealth of research has investigated the retention process and what influences service member decisions to stay in the military. While families are an important influence on soldier retention decisions, research on the mechanism by which this happens is lacking. This report explores the relationship between spouse attitudes and perceptions, resource use, and soldier retention almost two years later, using a proposed theoretical model. Our results generally support our model, with the important change that resource use and unmet needs and stress were not directly associated with specific attitudes toward staying in the military as we had expected. Instead, the association was accounted for by relationship with general attitudes toward the military. Spouses whose needs were unmet after seeking help from available resources experienced greater stress, and spouse unmet needs and reports of greater stress were associated with worse general attitudes toward the military; worse general attitudes toward the military were associated with less inclination to stay a military family; which in turn predicted soldier turnover almost two years later. As the research in this report shows, providing benefits to military spouses is also associated with a tangible and important outcome for the military: improved service member retention.

Social psychological dynamics of migrant women employment: The experiences of displaced Syrian women in Turkey

In this paper, we examine the social and psychological factors associated with the well-being of Syrian women who migrated to Turkey due to the Syrian civil war, both employing in a paid job and non-employing. For this purpose, semi-structured, in-depth, face-to-face interviews in their mother tongue were carried out with 25 participants. The thematic analysis method was applied to the data, following the guidelines suggested by Braun and Clarke (2006). The well-being of Syrian refugee women was found to be related to two main clusters, which emerged as themes from the analyses: (a) Attitudes of Syrian refugee women and their close relatives toward women's employment; and (b) working conditions and/or domestic responsibilities. The results show that having good working conditions, being supported by family, and being involved in social life positively contributed to the well-being of employed refugee women. Unfavorable working conditions, perceived gender and ethnic discrimination, and negative attitudes of family members toward women working, on the other hand, were found to have a detrimental impact on their well-being. Regarding non-employing women, barriers such as domestic responsibilities and the negative attitudes of spouses that restrain them from working in a paid job or being involved in social life appeared to have a negative impact on their well-being. We discussed our findings in light of the literature.

Attitudes of spouses towards abortion and the quality of their mutual relations

In recent years there have been a lot of social and political discussions concerning legal aspects of abortion in Poland and lessening restrictions in this area. Nevertheless there are few debates on social, psychological and medical effects for women and men who take the decision of abortion both on individual basis and in their mutual relationship. In the article the research has been conducted concerning relation between women’s and men’s attitudes towards abortion and the quality of their marital relationship. It cannot be explicitly stated what results abortion can bring in their common relationship. However, it can be estimated to what extend the cognitive, emotional and motivational aspect of their attitude towards abortion is connected with the quality of their marital bonding, love, communication and the feeling of being well-matched. In the research the method of diagnostic survey was used. To collect data estimating the quality of marriage the following four standardized exploratory tools were applied: Marital Bonding Scale of Józef Szopiński, Love Measure Questionnaire according to Robert Sternberg, adopted by Bogdana Wojciszke, Marital Communication Questionnaire by Maria Kaźmierczak and Mieczysław Plopa, and Marital Match Questionnaire by Jan Rostowski and Mieczysław Plopa. In order to estimate the respondents’ attitude towards abortion the researchers used one of the statements from the scale of attitude towards parenthood by Marta Komorowska-Pudło. On the basis of the data collected in the research it can be diagnosed that the attitudes of a married couple towards abortion have a statistically significant association with their mutual relationship, however not a big one. The higher level of acceptance they expressed for the abortion in the situation of an unplanned pregnancy ,the lower was the level of the satisfaction in their marital bonding, love, communication and feeling of being well-matched. At the same time with the increase of their level of satisfaction in their mutual relationship, their negative attitude towards abortion as a birth control tool was also growing. On the basis of comparison of the research results with data presented in the literature regarding the quality of married couples who had abortion, one can conclude that the attitude of married couples towards abortion in reference to cognitive and emotional-motivational components are connected in a similar way with the quality of their relationship, as in case of the attitude of married couple towards abortion in behavioral component aspect. Accepting abortion (pro-choice attitude) is connected with less satisfactory relationships between men and women in marriages. On the other hand the lack of acceptance of abortion (pro-life attitude) results in the higher level of the quality of their relationship.

The Prevailing Family Attitudes of Spouses with a Different Type of Personality Scenario

The Prevailing Family Attitudes of Spouses with a Different Type of Personality Scenario

'I smoke and drink alcohol during pregnancy, but I'm a good enough mom': a mixed methods study

Abstract Background Smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy is a major public health concern. The aims of this study were: 1) to examine smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy and to investigate their association with maternal attitudes and socio-demographic characteristics; 2) to explore maternal attitudes regarding smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy among pregnant and postpartum women in Israel. Methods This mixed methods study is comprised of a self-reported questionnaire for measuring attitudes and behaviors regarding smoking and alcohol consumption among 676 Jewish women, up to 9 months postpartum; and semi-structured interviews with 17 women who smoked cigarettes and/or consumed alcohol during their pregnancy. Results Sixty-four women (9.6%) reported drinking alcohol during pregnancy, and 30 (4.8%) reported smoking. Women with a fewer children (OR 2.25; 99% CI: 1.30, 3.92) and those whose attitudes supported alcohol avoidance (OR 0.52; 99.9% CI: 0.36, 0.74) consumed less alcohol while pregnant. Educated women (OR 0.31; 99% CI: 0.14- 0.71) and women with anti-smoking attitudes (OR 0.50; 99% CI: 0.30, 0.82) were more likely to avoid smoking during pregnancy. Qualitative analyses reveals three major themes: 1) 'A good enough mom': The mothers presented risk-management practices in line with the conflict between their perception of ideal motherhood and that of being an independent person; 2) 'Social acceptance of smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy': Social attitudes of spouses, family and friends; 3) 'Lack of reliable information' from healthcare professionals. Conclusions Women's attitudes have a significant impact on their decision to drink alcohol and/or smoke during pregnancy. These attitudes may be a result of their risk management practices and the social acceptance of risk behaviors during pregnancy, and information provided (or not) by healthcare professionals. Key messages The results highlight the importance of creating a supportive environment and shaping health promoting attitudes among pregnant women. Reliable information given by healthcare professionals regarding risk behaviors during pregnancy is needed.

Knowledge, attitude and preferred method of family planning among men living in an Urban Slum in Kano, Nigeria

Context: Male involvement in family planning (FP) has a direct influence on their spouse's attitude towards the use of modern contraceptives. Aims: The aim was to determine the knowledge, attitude and preferred methods of FP among men living in an urban slum of Kano, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to study 110 married men living in Dorayi Quarters in Kano. Data were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe categorical variables. P

Psychologiczne korelaty oceny rodziny u małżonków niepodejmujących ról rodzicielskich w okresie wczesnej dorosłości

The article is a report on our own research concerning how spouses who do not take over parental roles assess their family. The study aimed to search for a relationship between evaluating one’s family and life/marital satisfaction and attitudes towards children among spouses who do not undertake parenting. The study was carried out from a developmental perspective. The research group consisted of 76 married persons in their early adulthood. The participants postponed taking on parental roles for a specified time or declared voluntary childlessness. The analysis showed that significant relationships exist between family assessment and: life satisfaction (in men), marital satisfaction (in women), and attitudes towards children (in both genders). The research revealed that both the quality of family relationships and gender play an important role in shaping procreative attitudes of spouses who do not take parental roles. Key words: life satisfaction, family, parenting, childlessness, early adulthood

Postawy rodzicielskie małżonków o wyższym i niższym poziomie samoakceptacji

The study involved 75 families were examined using The Adjective Check List (ACL) by H.G. Gough and A.B. Heilbrun and Family Attitude Scale by M. Braun-Gałkowska. Mothers with a lower level of self-acceptance were more often characterized by an excess of requirements than mothers with a higher level of self-acceptance. The examined children attributed to mothers with a lower level of self-acceptance, much more often the excess of management, than mothers with a higher level of self-acceptance. Fathers with a lower level of self-acceptance were more often characterized by an excess of help than fathers with a higher level of self-acceptance. The obtained results indicate that parental attitudes expressed by the spouses with a higher level of self-acceptance more frequently than the parental attitudes of spouses with a lower level of self-acceptance are characterized by moderation in all dimensions of the parental attitude, which characterizes the proper parental attitude conducive to the proper development of children.

Spousal Attitude Towards Exerting Conflict Resolution Strategies in Decision Making

Family is one entity that has complex variables underplaying the consumption decisions, and marketers must understand how couples behave in concert to resolve conflict across major decisions. In this study, the family aspects are investigated to shed more light on spouse attitude towards family decision-making for selection of car and school/college for their ward and assess the impact of attitudinal factor on decision satisfaction. The drop-off/pick-up method was used to collect the data from Northern India. The result reveals that spousal attitude is formed by marital power, assertiveness, subtle manipulation, love, bargaining and being submissive. Results of multiple regression analysis show that subtle manipulation is most and marital power has a negative impact on spouses’ decision satisfaction. Thus, when targeting a family for a significant trades assay, the salesperson should focus on both husband and wife and stimulate a conversation between them to appeal to their conjoint kinship.

The attitudes of infertile couples towards assisted reproductive techniques in Yazd, Iran: A cross sectional study in 2014

Knowledge about assisted reproductive techniques (ART) and its procedures affect the attitude of infertile people. Making decisions about the use of ART is affected by one's perception and attitude. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the attitude of infertile couples toward applying ART, and to investigate its related factors. A randomized cross-sectional study was conducted on 184 infertile couples who had referred to the Research and Clinical Center of Infertility, Yazd, Iran for diagnosis and treatment in June 2014. The data was collected using a two-part questionnaire containing demographic and attitudinal statements. For data analysis, SPSS statistical software and statistical tests of mean differences (t-test), Pearson correlation and analysis of variance were used. A significant relationship between spouse's attitude (p<0.01), relative's attitude (p<0.01), the applied knowledge of ART (p<0.01), and attitude of infertile couples toward applying the ART was observed; however, there was not any significant relationship between gender and socioeconomic status toward applying ART (p>0.05). In conclusion, making a decision and accepting ART can be influenced by couple's attitude, their family's attitude and applied knowledge of ART.

On the importance of knowing your partner's views: attitude familiarity is associated with better interpersonal functioning and lower ambulatory blood pressure in daily life.

Relationships have been linked to significant physical health outcomes. However, little is known about the more specific processes that might be responsible for such links. The main aim of this study was to examine a previously unexplored and potentially important form of partner knowledge (i.e., attitude familiarity) on relationship processes and cardiovascular function. In this study, 47 married couples completed an attitude familiarity questionnaire and ambulatory assessments of daily spousal interactions and blood pressure. Attitude familiarity was associated with better interpersonal functioning between spouses in daily life (e.g., greater partner responsiveness). Importantly, attitude familiarity was also related to lower overall ambulatory systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. These data suggest that familiarity with a spouse's attitudes may be an important factor linking relationships to better interpersonal and physical health outcomes.

Causality between Spouse Attitude and Relapse of the Psychiatrically Disordered

본 연구는 정신장애인의 가족 태도가 질환의 재발과 상관관계가 있다는 선행연구를 토대로, 정신장 애인 배우자의 정신질환에 대한 태도가 재발에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 지를 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 이 두 변수간의 인과적 경로에 관여하는 주요 변수들인 부부관계 및 사회적응도와의 관계를 검 증하였다. 결혼생활 중인 102명의 정신장애인들을 대상으로 수집한 자료를 구조방정식모델링을 통해 분석한 결과, 배우자가 갖는 정신질환에 대한 태도는 부부관계와 사회적응도의 순차적인 매개역할을 통하여 정신질환의 재발에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 근거하여 결혼한 정신장애인 의 부부관계 증진을 위한 상담 및 배우자 교육프로그램의 활성화를 제언하였다.

The Prevalence and Causes of Sexual Problems among Premenopausal Turkish Women

Sexual dysfunction in females is an important public health problem worldwide. It is suggested that sexual problems among women are more common than the number of diagnosed female sexual dysfunction (FSD) cases indicates. To determine the frequency and causes of sexual problems among premenopausal and married women who attend primary healthcare facilities. This study was conducted at the Mother and Child Health and Family Planning Center. All women who attended this center during a 3-month period were included in the study. Sexual problems were evaluated via questionnaire and a standardized scale known as the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE. A cross-sectional study. Although a total of 422 women aged 19-51 years were eligible for inclusion in the study, the participation rate was 27%. Nearly two-thirds of the women were aged 20-34 years, and of this group, 84.3% were unemployed. According to self-reports, 15.7% (18) of the women had sexual problems, whereas the prevalence of sexual dysfunction using GRISS was 26.1%. Vaginismus (41.7%), infrequent intercourse (39.1%), and nonsensuality (38.3%) were the most common complaints of the women with sexual problems. The rate of sexual dissatisfaction was found to be 7%. Sexual problems among women who had a long-term marriage (more than 11 years) and who were sexually inexperienced at the time of their marriage were significantly higher (P = 0.036, P = 0.034, respectively). It was found that discussing sexual problems with husbands and healthcare professionals did not reduce sexual problems. According to GRISS, nearly one-quarter of the women were suffering from sexual problems. The most common sexual problem was vaginismus, followed by infrequent intercourse. It is suggested that inadequate knowledge and the attitudes of spouses and health workers in primary healthcare settings are the important causes of FSD in this population.

Exploring Couple Attributes and Attitudes and Marital Violence in Vietnam

Using a couple-centered approach, this study focuses on the relative attributes and attitudes of spouses as predictors of marital violence. Analysis of data from Vietnam showed that 37% of married women have ever been hit by their husbands. Regression results found that husbands with lower resources or status than their wives were more likely to have abused. Results also found that the association between husbands' gender attitudes and marital violence depends on the level of equity of wives'attitudes. The decline in violence among couples in which husbands expressed gender equitable attitudes was greater when wives also expressed equitable attitudes.

Sexual Condition and Attitude for Sexual Counselling in Women with a Hysterectomy

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the relationship between pre and post operative sexual condition, differences in sexual attitude through post operational periods, and the relationship between sexual attitude and satisfaction. Method: Data was collected with questionares from 119 women registered in the gynecology department of a general hospital in Seoul who had undergone a hysterectomy. Result: There was a significant difference between the condition of pre and post operation coital frequency, sexual satisfaction, and spouse's attitude toward the extraction of the partner's uterus. There was a significant difference between their views of the operation. Twelve months after the operation sexual attitude of sexual aspects changed, but not in physical and psychological aspects. There was a significant difference between sexual attitude and satisfaction on sexual, psychological aspects, but not physical aspects. Conclusion: The findings suggest that a preliminary sexual condition be identified before surgery, scheduling the operation after helping a spouse gain a positive attitude about the hysterectomy, and couples in their 50's and older get counselling. Increased sexual satisfaction will develop with a belief in positive changes of sexual aspects, but a rapid change should not be expected.

A preliminary model of spouse influence on managerial global assignment willingness

Using family systems theory as a conceptual framework, this research study proposes and tests a preliminary model that explains spouse willingness to relocate internationally and manager willingness to assume a global assignment. Previous research from the global assignments, international job relocation and dual-career couples' literatures has found that spouse attitudes often influence the attitudes of expatriates. However, few research studies have been conducted to determine the factors that influence spouse attitudes toward both short- and long-term global relocation opportunities. The present study attempts to build understanding in this under-researched area of international human resource management. By understanding more about this important phenomenon, top decision-makers and international human resource professionals can better identify and select those candidates who have family situations that will predispose them to accept global assignments. Data from questionnaires completed by 427 global managers and 167 spouses were used to test hypotheses that examined the relationships between individual, family and organizational, factors and spouse criterion variables. An additional hypothesis was tested to measure spouse influence on manager global assignment willingness. The data in the study were analysed by conducting structural equation modelling. Theoretical, methodological and practical contributions from the present study are provided.

Factors influencing Singapore managers’ career aspiration in international assignments

Study used 357 Singaporean managers to document their availability for international assignments and their international aspiration. To understand factors that affect their international aspiration, we investigated the impact of family, career, culture and host country factors and personal entrepreneurial characteristics on mangers’ international aspiration and willingness to accept international assignment. Overall, results show that family, spouse and children and personal characteristics influence both the degree of willingness travel and determinants of managers’ attitude toward international assignments. Career and attitudes of spouses will likely have a significant impact on managers’ willingness to accept international assignments. Prior cross‐cultural international experience and personal entrepreneurial characteristics are also important factors that influence managers’ willingness to accept international assignments. Implications for research and practice are also discussed.

An examination of crossover and spillover effects of spousal and expatriate cross-cultural adjustment on expatriate outcomes.

Integrating work-family and cross-cultural adjustment literatures, the researchers proposed and tested a spillover and crossover model of expatriates' cross-cultural adjustment with reciprocal relationships. Spillover effects refer to the influence that expatriate attitudes in a particular domain (e.g., work) have on attitudes in other domains (e.g., nonwork), whereas crossover effects refer to the influence of expatriate attitudes on the spouse's attitudes (and vice versa). Data collected from Japanese expatriates, their spouses, and their superiors strongly supported both spillover and crossover effects between expatriate and spousal cross-cultural adjustment. In addition, expatriates' cross-cultural adjustment was found to be related to satisfaction, which, in turn, was found to be negatively related to expatriates' intention to return to their homeland early.

An examination of crossover and spillover effects of spousal and expatriate cross-cultural adjustment on expatriate outcomes.

Integrating work-family and cross-cultural adjustment literatures, the researchers proposed and tested a spillover and crossover model of expatriates' cross-cultural adjustment with reciprocal relationships. Spillover effects refer to the influence that expatriate attitudes in a particular domain (e.g., work) have on attitudes in other domains (e.g., nonwork), whereas crossover effects refer to the influence of expatriate attitudes on the spouse's attitudes (and vice versa). Data collected from Japanese expatriates, their spouses, and their superiors strongly supported both spillover and crossover effects between expatriate and spousal cross-cultural adjustment. In addition, expatriates' cross-cultural adjustment was found to be related to satisfaction, which, in turn, was found to be negatively related to expatriates' intention to return to their homeland early.

Predictors of Employee Willingness to Relocate for the Firm

A heuristic framework for understanding employees' willingness to relocate was developed and predictions related to the framework were tested. Data from 74 organizations, consisting of a matched sample of 872 employees and spouses, indicated that Background Factors, Employee Perceptions and Attitudes, and Spouse Attitudes each predicted employee willingness to relocate. Spouse Attitudes were particularly strong predictors, highlighting the need for multisource data in future relocation research. Implications for future research, theory building, and applied practice are discussed.