Sports People Research Articles

Unfolding the aggression and locus of control paradigm in sportspersons and non-sportspersons

The present study investigated Aggression and Locus of Control on Combat Sports Persons, Non-Combat Sports Persons, and Non-Sports Persons. In this study, a sample of 240 individuals (80 Combat sports, 80 Non-Combat Sports & 80 Non-Sportspersons) was used through purposive sampling. The tools administered were the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire by Arnold H. Buss and Mark Perry and Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale by Julian Rotter respectively. The objective of the study was to investigate Aggression and Locus of Control in males and females from Combat, Non-Combat, and Non-Sports persons. This research also aims to explore the relationship between Aggression and Locus of Control. Mean, t-test, F-value (ANOVA), and correlation have been computed over SPSS-16. Results suggest that males from Combat have higher Aggression than people from non-sports and non-combat sports. There is also a significant difference between non-sports persons and sports people over the Locus of Control, sports persons showed internal locus of control compared to non-sports persons who were higher on external locus of control. The result also indicates a significant relationship between the anger dimension of the Aggression and Locus of Control.

Participation, barriers, facilitators and bullying experiences of trans people in sport and fitness: findings from a national community survey of trans people in Australia.

This study aimed to assess participation rates of transgender and gender diverse (trans) people in sport/fitness activities, compare mental health outcomes for trans people participating in sport/fitness with those who do not and explore internal/external barriers and bullying experiences faced by trans people in sport/fitness contexts. A cross-sectional online survey open to trans people aged ≥16 years living in Australia was conducted between February and April 2023 and it assessed rates of sport/fitness participation, barriers to participation and bullying experiences through multiple-choice questions. Mental health measures comprised the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and self-reported history of self-harm and suicidality. Covariate-adjusted binary logistic regression models tested associations between interpersonal factors, sport/fitness variables and mental health outcomes. Of 664 respondents (median age 32 years), around one-third (32.8%) regularly participated in sport/fitness. Common internal barriers to participation included anxiety about others' reactions (63.9%), body dissatisfaction/dysphoria (56.5%) and fears about feeling accepted/affirmed by others (54.7%). Respondents commonly reported experiencing inadequate bathroom/changing facilities (44.4%), exclusionary rules and regulations surrounding gender (36.7%), and invasive or uncomfortable policies or procedures (23.3%). Over one-third (34.4%) of trans people had experienced gender-based bullying or exclusion. Regular sport/fitness participation was associated with significantly lower K10 scores (mean difference=-4.4, 95% CI-5.8, -2.9, p<0.001) and a 40% reduction in odds of recent thoughts of self-harm and suicide (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5, 0.9, p=0.01; aOR 0.6, 95%CI 0.4, 0.9, p=0.02). Trans people face significant barriers to sport/fitness despite experiencing significant mental health and personal benefits from participation. Affirming and including trans people in sport and fitness should be a key priority for sport and fitness federations, organisations and policy-makers.

The Effects of a Multi-Sports Program on the Physical Fitness, Quality of Life, and Well-Being of People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities—A Study Protocol

We intend to develop an intervention program based on sports for people with Intellectual and Developmental Disability (IDD) to analyze its effects on physical fitness, quality of life (QoL), and well-being. The convenience sample will consist of at least 24 participants aged between 18 and 65, of both sexes, who are institutionalized with a previous diagnosis of IDD and no associated comorbidities (e.g., visual impairment or cerebral palsy). The participants will be divided into two groups: (i) the experimental group and (ii) the control group. The experimental group will have a weekly session, lasting 60 min, for 36 weeks. There will be a baseline assessment, a final assessment, and a follow-up assessment (three months after the end of the program). The results of this study are intended to contribute to the development of more assertive community interventions, based on sports, for the benefit of this population.

Orientation and Training of Human Resources in Sports Organizations

In the process, sports human resource management is closely related to procurement, training, evaluation, compensation, work relations, health, security and justice for individuals in an organization. Human resources in the field of sports play a very important role in the management of sports organizations to manage and create effective, efficient and systematic performance that supports the needs of sports people and creates conditions that enable these human resources to make optimal contributions to sports organizations. To create human resources in the field of sports that are superior in intellectual, moral, spiritual, competitiveness and professionalism aspects, good human resource management capabilities are needed through training and application of operational principles and functions. Orientation and training are very important in the organization's operational processes to develop human resource capabilities in the sports sector

The world of top sports people – the review of genetic, epigenetic and psychological factors underlying athletic achievements in terms of neural transmission

Background: Psychogenetics of sports is a fairly recent branch that combines research on genetic, environmental, and psychological factors influencing sports accomplishments. There has been a growing interest among scientists in analysing the results of polymorphic variants of genes that code for brain neurotransmitters. Epigenetics is also significant, especially in DNA methylation in selected promoters of candidate genes. Methods: The work includes a review of the available literature on the topic. The review concerned scientific publications on cerebral neurotransmission in sports from the last 20 years.Results: The analysis of publications on the researched topic results in a holistic presentation of a new, prospective area of research: psychogenetics in sport. For biological reasons, the authors focused on the dopaminergic system, which includes catechol-methyltransferase. Epigenetics, which has been shown to significantly impact sports psychogenetics, is also central to the study.Conclusion: It has been demonstrated that elite sports development depends to some extend on a genetic component. Nevertheless, our present understanding of the molecular basis of cognitive abilities and personality traits in athletes is still insufficient and the very discipline of sports genetics and epigenetics needs further extensive research.

Sport pedagogy and feminism: what is known and what is missing? Findings from a scoping review

ABSTRACT Background Worldwide, to play sports is proclaimed a right. Yet its sexist practices insist on cultivating a hegemonic gender culture to keep ‘others’ away and deprive them from its potential educational benefits. Sport feminisms have been vocal on the gender oppressions operated in the field and have claimed pedagogy has a role to play in social transformation through a liberating education. Purpose We aimed at analyzing the academic production about sport pedagogy and feminism published in articles globally, to answer when, where how and by whom the studies were developed; what is known and what is missing. Method We conducted a scoping review searching for sport pedagogy and feminism and their related terms combined. Selection was delimited by studies informed by feminist approaches discussing sport pedagogy from recreational to elite level. Findings Our review covered 46 studies from the last three decades when Global North English-speaking countries have dominated the scene, both as investigation settings and authorship. Studies presented two main trends. The most substantial were investigations reporting gender inequalities, especially with women coaches; followed by others exploring pedagogical alternatives for more equitable sport experiences. Together, studies have demonstrated that the ‘patriarchal gender game’ is still on and the ‘deviants’ from the cis-hetero-white-able-bodied-male ideal continue to suffer systematic prejudice and discrimination in sport, inclusive through sexist coaching. But they also showed ‘the tactics of the equity gender game’ is counterattacking with pedagogical strategies to welcome girls, women and gender-diverse people in sport. Discussion Undoubtedly, the dialogues between sport pedagogy and feminisms have contributed greatly to challenge sexism through education, but the game is not over. The invisibility of black women, women with disabilities and queer people in studies evidenced the need for more intersectional approaches. Coach development initiatives should be critically examined and rethought. The predominance of studies and researchers from Global North English-speaking countries denoted that voices and knowledges from Global South are missing. More than empathizing with gender inequalities, we long to see feminist sport pedagogy engaging in the reinvention of the ways we learn, practice, teach and coach sport. More democratic, diverse and audacious research designs grounded in the commitment to guarantee sport as an educational experience for everyone seem promising ways to be explored.

From supercrip to techno supercrip

Participation in sport on all levels, physical activity, leisure and recreation is seen as important for disabled people but at the same time barriers are reported for disabled people. Sports Pedagogy, kinesiology and physical education are fields that cover physical activities. The ability of the body is at the centre of many barriers to physical activities. The supercrip and ableism are two concepts used to question the narrative around the able body. Technologies (existing, envisioned and appearing) play an increasing role in the discussions of the able body including the ability expectation of a body with beyond species-typical abilities which could lead to new barriers to participation in sport on all levels, physical activity, leisure and recreation. In 2016, the first Cybathlon which labels itself as the “Cyborg Olympics” for physically disabled athletes took place. The 2024 version has the arm prosthetic race, assistance robot race, vision assistance race, brain computer interface race, exoskeleton race, wheelchair race, leg prosthetics race and exoskeleton race. Useful concepts to discuss the techno-influence are techno-supercrip, techno-poor disabled, techno-poor impaired, enhancement (transhumanized) version of ableism, technoableism and technowashing. The aim of this study was to ascertain how academic abstracts that cover participation barriers of disabled people in sport on all levels, physical activity, leisure and recreation and the discussions of these barriers within the fields of sports pedagogy, kinesiology and physical education cover barriers in conjunction with technologies, and the concepts of supercrip, superhuman, ableism, disablism, techno-supercrip, techno-poor disabled, techno-poor impaired, enhancement, transhuman, posthuman, (transhumanized) version of ableism , cyborg, technoableism and technowashing.

An agility training model for wheelchair court tennis athletes: An experimental study

One sport for people with disabilities is wheelchair court tennis, where athletes need good agility to move. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the agility training model for wheelchair court tennis athletes. This research is experimental. The population in this study were wheelchair tennis court disability athletes in the Special Region of Yogyakarta totaling 14 athletes (male 10, female 4, aged 19 40 years). Where athletes with various disabilities, including spinal cord injury, single amputee, double amputee, or spina bifida. The sample was divided into two based on ordinal pairing of pretest data, i.e. the experimental group was treated with five agility training models and the control group trained as usual with a coach. The statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS software, version 21. The results showed that the agility training model for 18 treatments was effective in increasing the agility of wheelchair tennis athletes, with a p value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05. Sport specific training programmes are essential for improving athlete performance. A clear understanding of the nuances of developing athletes with disabilities is essential to developing appropriate programmes and strategies. The results of this study are expected to make a positive contribution to the development of progressive and innovative science, the contribution of the results of this study can add insight into the agility training model for wheelchair tennis athletes.

Unveiling the lockdown effects: exploring behavior, dietary habits and weight changes in rural Egypt during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional retrospective study

BackgroundThe COVID-19 lockdown significantly impacted dietary habits and body weights globally, particularly in Egypt, where 57.03% of the population resides in rural areas, despite lack of information. The study examines the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on the weight changes of the rural Egyptian population through behavioral, physical, and dietary changes.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey using Microsoft Forms was distributed in Delta regions in Egypt. The questionnaire used a modified version of the validated 14- items PREDIMED MedDiet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). The first part of the questionnaire addressed sociodemographic variables whereas the second one included questions related to dietary, behavioral and weight changes of participants. These changes were statistically tested for significance in relation to BMI, gender, home living, current job and family history of obesity.ResultsA total of 306 participated in the study (70% females, 13% obese, 95% living with family, 56% university students, and 36% with family history of obesity). Obese showed a significant increase in sweet intake whereas underweight and normal weight people displayed a significant decrease in eating desire. Both females and males showed significant increase in consumption of fruits and vegetables with significant decrease in soft drink. However, women showed a significant decrease in sport activity relative to men. Participants living with family showed an increase in sweet intake while those living alone explored an increase in meal frequency. Employers revealed a significant decrease in sport activities and people with family history of obesity reported more sleeping times than those without family history of obesity.ConclusionDuring Covid-19 quarantine, Egyptians’ eating habits improved, but daily routines were disrupted. Raising awareness about obesity and providing guidance on maintaining activity, energy, and mood is crucial for future quarantine situations.

The Influence of Incentive-Based Mobile Fitness Apps on Users' Continuance Intention With Gender Moderation Effects: Quantitative and Qualitative Study.

A survey conducted by McKinsey & Company reported that, as of May 2022, as many as 26% of Indonesians had recently started to engage actively in physical activity, 32% undertook regular physical activity, and 9% exercised intensely. The Fourth Industrial Revolution has spurred the rapid development of mobile fitness apps (MFAs) used to track people's sports activities. However, public interest in using these apps for any length of time is still relatively low. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of incentives (eg, self-monitoring, social support, platform rewards, and external influence) on the use of MFAs and the moderating effect of gender on users' continuance usage intention. The study used a mixed methods approach. Quantitative data were collected through a web-based questionnaire and qualitative data from interviews with 30 respondents. The quantitative data, collected from 379 valid responses, were processed using covariance-based structural equation modeling. The qualitative data were processed using thematic analysis. The MFAs included in this research were those used as sports or physical activity trackers, such as Apple Fitness, Strava, Nike Run Club, and Fita. The results of the data analysis show that 3 groups of incentives, namely, self-monitoring, platform rewards, and external influence (with the exception of social support), affect the perceived usefulness of these apps. Gender was also shown to moderate user behavior in relation to physical activity. The study showed that women were more likely to be motivated to exercise by social and external factors, while men paid greater attention to the tracking features of the app and to challenges and rewards. This research contributes to the field of health promotion by providing guidance for MFA developers.

Creating optimally safe and enjoyable youth sporting experiences within the United Kingdom

Considering recent research and reports, much attention has been given to understanding and addressing issues of abuse in sport. Similarly, attention has been given to enhancing children’s psychosocial experiences within sport. However, to-date, consideration of these two elements together, that is minimising abuse and enhancing enjoyment, has been minimal. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to explore perceptions of the process through which an optimally safe and enjoyable sporting experience can be created for young people. A Straussian grounded theory methodology was used to develop a substantive theory detailing the process through which an optimally safe and enjoyable sporting experience is created for young people in sport. Interviews were conducted with 19 young people, six parents, nine coaches, and five individuals in safeguarding roles. The interviews were analysed through open and axial coding, followed by theoretical integration. The resultant theory highlighted that establishing positive relationships between all young people and key individuals in a physically and developmentally safe environment was a fundamental requirement for fostering an optimally safe and enjoyable sporting experience. Achieving this required consideration of factors both in the immediate and broad sporting context. Specifically, support from sports organisations, access to continuing professional development opportunities, and a network of safeguarding experts are required in the broader environment. While within the immediate sporting environment, visibly displayed and appropriately implemented safeguarding policies and procedures; open, honest, and respectful interactions; shared goals and expectations between parents, coaches, and young people, and; trusting and supportive friendships with shared experiences are required.

WPŁYW WYBRANYCH CZYNNIKÓW NA DOBROSTAN PSÓW SPORTOWYCH – BADANIA ANKIETOWE

Cessation of use predispositions consistent with breed characteristics might be a source of constant frustration and behavioural disorders for the dog. Therefore, a lack of typical activity for a breed significantly reduces the level of well-being and negatively affects the quality of life. Aware owners of working-breed dogs are trying to fulfil their needs through activities offered by different dog (cynological) sports. However, some opinions state that dog sports might impair their well-being due to intensive training and competitions. The goal of this study was an assessment of the living conditions and the level of welfare of the dogs actively participating in dog sports, based on their owner’s declarations. The research material was gathered from a survey among dog sports competitors and people associated with dog sports but not practising them. Five hundred fifty respondents, including 407 active dog sports competitors, participated in the study. It was hypothesized that taking an active part in dog sports and their discipline impacts the owner’s awareness of the need to ensure a high level of welfare of the sporting dogs. The relationship between the sports discipline and the variables that determined the level of well-being was determined. Surveys have shown that in the opinion of people practising cynological sports, sports dogs are provided with a high level of welfare, although the percentage of people who gave such an answer depends on the dog sport practised.

Suspicious Activity Tracking

Abstract: Our offering includes a deep neural network model that can identify firearms in photographs and a machine learning and computer vision pipeline that can detect abandoned luggage in order to identify potential gun-based crime and circumstances involving abandoned luggage in surveillance film. Unusual behavior the technique of identifying undesired human activity in locations and circumstances is called detection. To do this, footage is converted into frames, and the processed frames are then used to analyze the people's sports. YOLOv3 is used to find a niche, in dubious sports like lock breaking and bag snatching, among others. Our gadget has a superb processing pace in addition to appropriate accuracy of detection. It is harder for computers to detect things in videos compared to images because of issues like blurriness or things getting blocked. They propose a solution called Shot Video Object Detector, which is a faster kind of detector for videos. It works by combining information from nearby frames to make better guesses about where objects are. Unlike other methods, Shot Video Object Detector does this by figuring out how things move between frames and then using that info to combine features. It also creates new features by borrowing information directly from neighboring frames using a special structure. Automated surveillance in public areas plays a crucial role in upholding law and order and proactively identifying potential risks to the public. Not only does the procedure automatically identify and detect known crooks, but it also tracks people's and things' movements and uses machine learning algorithms to alert the authorities to any questionable activity

A Study on Isolation of Fibre from Red Cabbage to Enhance Athletic Performance

Achieving peak performance in sports is a multifaceted process that goes beyond training and skill development. Nutrition, particularly dietary fiber, is a crucial aspect often overlooked in this pursuit. Fiber, a complex carbohydrate found in plant-based foods, is essential for the overall health and performance of sports people. Red cabbage, also known as purple cabbage, is a nutritious vegetable with antioxidant properties. It is rich in vitamins C and K, dietary fiber, and supports gut health by nourishing gut bacteria, enhancing digestion, and reducing inflammation. Two samples of red cabbage were dried: one sample was sun-dried for 3 days, and the other sample was dried in a cabinet dryer at 9 ° C for 8 hours. The results indicated that the sample dried in the cabinet dryer showed high fiber content, and the isolation of fiber was done in this sample. This study contributes valuable insights into maximizing the nutritional benefits of red cabbage and finger millet to enhance sports performance of the sports person.

Sport, Physical Activity, and Young People Who Are Incarcerated: A Scoping Review.

We present a scoping review of qualitative scholarly publications on sport and physical activity in secure custody facilities for young people published over a 22-year period, finding the literature remains geographically, substantively, and theoretically scant. We identify and assess predominant themes in the following four areas: (1) sport's potential contribution to young persons' rehabilitation and desistance; (2) the structure and organization of sport programs; (3) sport and coping with the experience of incarceration; and (4) other themes, including health outcomes and gender and race. Our scoping review provides a foundation for researchers and policymakers to advance knowledge about sport-based interventions in the lives of young people who are incarcerated.

Proposta e validação de uma bateria dos 5Cs do Desenvolvimento Positivo de Jovens no esporte

Abstract Objective This article aimed to propose a battery to measure the theoretical model of the 5Cs of the positive development of young people in sport and investigate its psychometric properties. Method The sample consisted of 305 athletes, between 14 and 24 years old (M = 18.4±2.38, 58.9% female). The analyzes used were confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency and structural equation modeling. Results The results regarding the factorial structure demonstrated the adequacy of the five oblique factor model (χ²/gl = 1.61, TLI = 0.95, CFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.05), with factor loadings varying from 0.32 to 0.84. Structural Equation Modeling suggested a positive effect of harmonious passion and task-oriented climate on the 5Cs. Conclusion These results corroborate the literature by demonstrating the facilitating role of individual (harmonious passion) and contextual (task-oriented climate) variables on the positive development of young people in sport.

Structure and Organization of Sport for People With Intellectual Disabilities Across Europe.

Opportunities to participate and compete in sports for athletes with intellectual disability (ID) have increased; however, this group still encounters limitations in accessing a comprehensive range of sports. This study addressed the current knowledge on how sport for people with ID is organized and the relationships between the major sport organizations for people with ID across 10 European countries. The participants were 29 national sport organizations for people with ID. Data were collected using semistructured interviews with representatives from the key organizations and analyzed thematically. From the results, two major themes emerged: (a)connection and networking between sport organizations and (b)organizational landscape of each nation (i.e.,ID, multidisability, or mainstream). The results of this study contribute to understanding how sport for people with ID is organized across the participating nations, demonstrating different models of development and examples of good practice.

A52: Practice Research on Orientation Movement Teaching in Primary School

Purpose: Sports shoulder the important task of improving the physical health of teenagers, is an indispensable part of the school quality education, more importantly, is to undertake the fundamental mission of moral cultivation. Orienteering is a new sports project integrating intelligence and physical strength. It not only strengthens the body, but also improves the students' self-control ability such as thinking and judging ability and solving difficulties by themselves, so as to truly realize the ideal effect of "sports people". Methods: From the perspective of the implementation of school-based orienteering curriculum in our school, this paper adopts experimental methods, mathematical statistics and other research methods to conduct 16-week orienteering research on 112 fifth-grade students in Qixing Group School and discusses the influence of students' physical learning effect (learning attitude and expression of affection), physical form, function and quality. It provides theoretical reference and experimental support for orienteering movement in campus. Results: First, after the integration of orientation teaching, the students in the experimental group showed a change in their attitude towards sports learning. 86% of the students could clearly recognize that participation in orientation sports can strengthen their physical fitness, promote the cultivation of sports ethics, and subtly affect their internal emotions and emotions. Second, the height and weight of male and female students before and after the experiment were not significant (P &gt; 0.05), but the amplitude was increased; The results of vital capacity, 50m, 50m *8 retrace run, sit-up and other events were improved significantly (P &lt; 0.01). Conclusion: It is feasible and meaningful to introduce orientation teaching content into primary school physical education. Not only enrich the teaching content of physical education, but also help to improve the function of students' internal organs, cultivate students' will quality, innovation ability and other values. The support of school leaders plays a crucial role; PE teachers should renew themselves, design a variety of age-appropriate competitions, and ensure good classroom discipline and safety of sports environment. The school-based orienteering teaching system needs constant practice and summary to optimize the reasonable evaluation mechanism.

Trans People Struggling To Be Human in Sports and Exercise: Passing, Mediating, and Challenging Cis- and Heteronormativity

This study explores how trans individuals struggle to make themselves intelligible as humans in a cis- and heteronormative context of sports and exercise. Ten trans people with present or prior experience in sports and exercise were interviewed. The analysis draws from Butler’s idea of trans people’s exclusion as a question of unintelligibility instead of oppression. The study demonstrates three overreaching ways trans people make themselves discursively intelligible as humans: by passing as cis, by coming out as trans yet mediating potential inconvenience this may pose on others, and by coming out as trans paired with challenging cis- and heteronormativity. We argue that practices aligning to intelligibility as humans are key for trans people in sports, exercise, and possibly in other walks of life.

Project “Ethics in sport” – where do we stand and where is the journey taking us?

A sport that uncompromisingly places the well-being of people in sport at its heart is based on three strong pillars: well-coordinated prevention, mindful support structures and an independent reporting system. Swiss Sport Integrity is the reporting and investigative body for ethical violations and abuse in sport. Swiss Olympic and its members, the Federal Office of Sport FOSPO and the Swiss cantons ensure optimal support structures and implement targeted prevention measures.