Sports Participation In Athletes Research Articles

Ten-Year Survivorship, Outcomes, and Sports Participation in Athletes After Primary Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome

Background: Hip arthroscopy is an effective treatment tool for athletes with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome. However, long-term data are scarce. Purpose: To assess survivorship, minimum 10-year patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and sports participation after primary hip arthroscopy for FAI syndrome in athletes and to perform a propensity-matched comparison between patients undergoing labral debridement and labral repair. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Athletes who underwent hip arthroscopy for FAI syndrome between February 2008 and December 2010 were eligible. Exclusion criteria were other ipsilateral hip condition, Tönnis grade ≥2, or no baseline PROMs. Survivorship was defined as no conversion to total hip arthroplasty. The Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), minimal clinically important difference (MCID), maximum outcome improvement (MOI) satisfaction threshold, and sports participation were reported. A propensity-matched comparison between labral debridement and labral repair was performed. Two additional propensity-matched subanalyses were performed for capsular management and cartilage damage. Results: In total, 189 hips (177 patients) were included. The mean ± SD follow-up was 127.2 ± 6.0 months. Survivorship was 85.7%. Significant improvement in all PROMs was reported (P < .001). A total of 46 athletes with labral repair were propensity matched to 46 athletes with labral debridement. This subanalysis demonstrated significant and comparable improvement in all PROMs at minimum 10-year follow-up (P < .001). For the labral repair group, the PASS achievement rates were 88.9% for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and 80% for the Hip Outcome Score–Sport Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS); the MCID achievement rates were 80.6% for the mHHS and 84% for HOS-SSS; and for the MOI satisfaction threshold, rates were 77.8%, 80.6%, and 55.6% for the mHHS, Nonarthritic Hip Score, and visual analog scale, respectively. For the labral debridement group, the PASS achievement rates were 85.3% for the mHHS and 70.4% for the HOS-SSS; the MCID achievement rates were 81.8% for the mHHS and 74.1% for HOS-SSS; and for the MOI satisfaction threshold, rates were 72.7%, 81.8%, and 66.7% for the mHHS, Nonarthritic Hip Score, and visual analog scale. Total hip arthroplasty conversions occurred significantly sooner with labral debridement than labral repair (P = .048). Age was identified as a significant predictor of achieving the PASS. Conclusion: Primary hip arthroscopy for FAI syndrome in athletes results in 85.7% survivorship and sustained PROM improvement at a minimum 10-year follow-up. A significant time delay to total hip arthroplasty conversion at 10-year follow-up was reported with labral repair over debridement, although this should be interpreted with caution, as the total number of conversions was small.

Mpox and Monkeypox Virus: Special Considerations for Athletes in Contact Sports.

Monkeypox virus infections (mpox) in humans have become increasingly common since the virus was first identified in 1970. Coverage of the ongoing mpox outbreak has emphasized the role of skin-to-skin contact in monkeypox virus transmission and has focused on the community of men who have sex with men. While close contact from sexual activity is currently the main mechanism of monkeypox virus transmission, the potential for contact sports to exacerbate the 2022 outbreak has largely been overlooked. Infectious diseases rapidly spread in sports with significant skin-to-skin contact (i.e., wrestling and other combat sports, American football, and rugby). Mpox has not yet reached the athletic community, but once it does, it may follow a similar pattern of other infectious skin diseases in sports. Thus, it is critical to initiate a discussion of the risk of mpox and potential preventive measures within a sports context. This Current Opinion aims to provide stakeholders within the sports community with a brief review of infectious skin diseases in athletes, an overview of mpox and why it is relevant to athletes, and recommendations to reduce the risk of monkeypox virus transmission within sports settings. Guidelines for sports participation in athletes exposed to mpox and those with suspected, probable, and confirmed cases of monkeypox are provided.

Time cost associated with sports participation for athletes with high support needs: a time-motion analysis of tasks required for para swimming

ObjectivesPeople with cerebral palsy and high support needs (CP&HSN) are profoundly inactive but also under-represented in studies evaluating physical activity interventions. Reasons for their exclusion have not been evaluated. We...

Orienteering from Cradle to Grave—How a Sport Could Offer Lifelong Participation

Background: The aim of this present study is to explore what makes orienteering meaningful and rewarding to former elite athletes’ years or even decades after ending their elite careers. Methods: Applying a qualitative approach with a case study design, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 11 former elite orienteers from Norway and Sweden, and the data was subsequently analyzed with thematic analysis, resulting in two main themes: individually matched challenges and a social community. Results: The character, structure, and culture of orienteering both enabled and encouraged former elite athletes to make the transition into recreational sport. Even so, the characteristics of the sport related to both its structure (range of ages, level, and ambition) and organization (well-organized) as well as the participants’ backgrounds (well-educated) and intrinsic motivation (satisfaction, enjoyment, mastery) seemed to match a lifelong sport participation. Conclusions: These factors could indicate that orienteering is a sport that can facilitate a lifelong sport participation for athletes with such a background.

Recommendations for participation in competitive sport in adolescent and adult athletes with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD): position statement of the Sports Cardiology & Exercise Section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC), the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Working Group on Adult Congenital Heart Disease and the Sports Cardiology, Physical Activity and Prevention Working Group of the Association for

Improved clinical care has led to an increase in the number of adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) engaging in leisure time and competitive sports activities. Although the benefits of exercise in patients with CHD are well established, there is a low but appreciable risk of exercise-related complications. Published exercise recommendations for individuals with CHD are predominantly centred on anatomic lesions, hampering an individualized approach to exercise advice in this heterogeneous population. This document presents an update of the recommendations for competitive sports participation in athletes with cardiovascular disease published by the Sports Cardiology & Exercise section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) in 2005. It introduces an approach which is based on the assessment of haemodynamic, electrophysiological and functional parameters, rather than anatomic lesions. The recommendations provide a comprehensive assessment algorithm which allows for patient-specific assessment and risk stratification of athletes with CHD who wish to participate in competitive sports.

Sports participation for young athletes with medical conditions: Seizure disorder, infections and single organs

Organized and recreational sports have been shown to be an important part of growth and development in children, adolescents and young adults. In addition to the health benefits of increased physical activity, sports also provide social benefits. Pediatricians play an important role in determining if young athletescan participate in various sports and the proper equipment or precautions that are necessary. This review provides information on sports participation for athletes with specific health considerations, such as: febrile illnesses, solitary organs, seizures, and skin infections.

Jump Training Improves Psychological Impairments and Facilitates Greater Sports Participation in Athletes with ACL Reconstruction

PURPOSE: About 35% of athletes with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction fail to return to their preinjury level of sports participation. Psychological factors, such as fear of reinjury, often prevent athletes who wish to return to their sport from achieving their goal. Limited evidence is available to direct patient care to target these psychological impairments. Most ACL injuries are non-contact in nature and typically occur during a deceleration task such as jump landing. We propose that training focused on improving jump landing performance will improve psychological factors and facilitate increased sports participation. METHODS: Forty-eight athletes completed screening tests an average of 2 years after unilateral ACLR (Wk0). Testing included the ACL-Return to Sport after Injury (ACL- RSI) scale as measure of psychological readiness for sports participation. Athletes (n = 25, 9 men, age = 23 ± 5 yr) who scored below normative ACL-RSI recovery standards (<65%) completed 8 weeks of twice-weekly jump landing training. Retesting occurred at midtraining (Wk4), posttraining (Wk8), and 2 months after training (Wk16). Athletes answered a survey measuring perceived changes in sports participation at the end of training. Changes observed during training were determined via repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: ACL-RSI scores improved substantially throughout treatment (mean ± SD; Wk0: 53 ± 18%, Wk4: 67 ± 15%, Wk8: 76 ± 16%; p<0.001). Treatment benefits were maintained over the retention period (Wk16: 81 ± 15%; p=0.052). Four out of 5 athletes trained report that they were more likely to participate in their sports activities after training and two thirds of the cohort described at least a moderate increase in their sports participation. CONCLUSIONS: Progressively dosed jump training that focuses on correcting aberrant landing movements is effective at addressing psychological factors in athletes who self-identified as having limited readiness for sport. The training was also effective at facilitating increased sports participation. Clinicians should consider implementing similar jump training interventions to help athletes who are struggling to return to their desired sports participation because of limited confidence or high fear of reinjury. Funded in part by the Foundation for Physical Therapy.

Jump Training Improves Psychological Impairments and Facilitates Greater Sports Participation in Athletes with ACL Reconstruction

Jump Training Improves Psychological Impairments and Facilitates Greater Sports Participation in Athletes with ACL Reconstruction

Athletes with channelopathy may be eligible to play.

The European and Bethesda recommendations roughly state that any athlete with channelopathy is not eligible to participate in sports on a presumed risk of potentially life-threatening ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. However, eligibility decision-making on a presumed risk of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation is debatable. Channelopathies are primary electrical cardiac disorders and are usually transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Some of the channelopathies are potentially fatal in relation to exercise and predispose to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. Exercise, swimming, body heating and electrolyte depletion can all act as a trigger of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation in channelopathy. However, new research mentioned a very low incidence of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation in athletes with channelopathy challenging the decision of disqualification. Recently, the American recommendations for sports participation in athletes with a cardiovascular disorder have updated their eligibility decision-making.In this manuscript we describe the signature features of the electrocardiogram changes in channelopathies and we argue that new research data should allow for the introduction of more liberal eligibility decision-making for sports participation in athletes with channelopathy, not only in the United States but also in European countries.

Sports Participation in Athletes with Heart Disease: Updated Scientific Statement

Competitive sports participation in individuals with heart disease is controversial. In most published series, athletes who experienced sudden cardiac

Pathologies cardiaques à risque chez le jeune sportif

Physical training significantly reduces all cause mortality in the general population. Eligibility for competitive sport participation in athletes with cardiovascular diseases is based on recommendations. Incidence of sudden cardiac death in young athletes is low (0.5to 2/100,000athletes/year). The most common cardiac diseases at risk are hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, congenital coronary arteries abnormalities, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and acute myocarditis. Pre-participation screening is based on the cardiovascular evaluation, including ECG (repeated every 3years since the age of 12and every 5years since the age of 20to the age of 35). Some events are unpredictable (idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, sudden death related to congenital coronary arteries abnormalities or commotio cordis). A better access to public defibrillation is needed.

Benefits and barriers to sports participation for athletes with disabilities: the case of Malaysia

The purpose of this paper was to explore the benefits and barriers influencing participation for athletes with disabilities from a developing country (Malaysia). Two independent studies were undertaken: Study 1 included a sample of 123 athletes (95 males, 28 females) who participated in the 2006 Far East and South Pacific Games for the Disabled (FESPIC Games); Study 2 involved focus group discussions with 14 elite athletes. The athletes ranged in age from 15 to 59 years. Data were collected through a questionnaire (Study 1) and focus group discussions (Study 2). The primary reasons for participation in sport were achievement/challenge (58%) and competency/skill development (41%). The main barriers faced by the athletes were structural (facilities, equipment, funding) and the negative attitude from the government, public and media. However, despite these difficulties the majority of athletes were keen to continue to compete. Further work is required to ensure athletes with disabilities are provided with similar opportunities to athletes without disabilities.

Long-Term Effect of Continuing Sports Activity in Competitive Athletes With Frequent Ventricular Premature Complexes and Apparently Normal Heart

The long-term outcome of athletes with frequent ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) and apparently normal heart has not been fully clarified. To evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of VPCs and the influence of continuing sports activity during follow-up, we studied 120 healthy athletes (96 men; median age 16 years) in whom frequent VPCs (>100 VPCs/24 hours) were discovered by chance during preparticipation screening. All athletes were followed up for a median of 84 months. During follow-up, 96 underwent serial 24-hour Holter recording and 62 underwent serial echocardiography. The median number of VPCs/24 hours on basal Holter was 3,760. During follow-up, 81 athletes continued sports activity, whereas 39 did not. No athlete died or developed overt heart disease. The median number of VPCs/24 hours decreased in both athletes who continued sports activity and those who did not (from 3,805 to 1,124, p <0.0001 and from 5,787 to 1,298, p <0.0001, respectively). During follow-up, left ventricular ejection fraction slightly decreased to <55% in 9 of 62 athletes who, in respect to the remaining 53, had more VPCs/24 hours both in the basal state (12,000 vs 3,880) and during follow-up (10,702 vs 1,368), and a longer follow-up (95 vs 36 months). In conclusion, (1) frequent VPCs in athletes without heart disease have a long-term benign prognostic significance, (2) sporting activity does not modify this benign outcome, (3) during follow-up, the burden of VPCs decreases whether or not subjects continue sports activity, and (4) in 14.5% of athletes, ejection fraction slightly decreases over time.

Competitive Sports Participation in Athletes With Congenital Long QT Syndrome

Competitive Sports Participation in Athletes With Congenital Long QT Syndrome

Cardiovascular Health, Part 2: Sports Participation in Athletes With Cardiovascular Conditions

Context:An athlete’s health may be endangered if he or she continues to compete after diagnosis of certain cardiovascular conditions. The most worrisome risk is sudden cardiac death; the annual rate in US athletes is 1 in 50 000 to 200 000.Evidence Acquisition:Part 2 of this review highlights the current guidelines and controversies surrounding compatibility of participation with a variety of cardiac conditions in competitive and recreational athletics. Data sources were limited to peer-reviewed publications from 1984 to the April 2009.Results:The guidelines published by the American College of Cardiology and the European Society of Cardiology provide a framework for safe competitive and recreational sports participation in athletes with a broad spectrum of inherited and acquired cardiovascular disorders. These guidelines are necessarily conservative because it is not currently possible to individualize risk prediction. Few data are available in many areas, particularly in the noncompetitive arena or in older athletes.Conclusions:Published national guidelines are currently the foundation governing return-to-play decisions in athletes with cardiovascular conditions. Further studies are needed to refine risk stratification algorithms to allow athletes with cardiovascular conditions to reap the health benefits of regular exercise and sports participation without undue risk.

Sports participation for athletes with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators should be an individualized risk–benefit decision

Sports participation for athletes with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators should be an individualized risk–benefit decision

Recommendations for Competitive Sports Participation in Athletes With Cardiovascular Disease: A Consensus Document From the Study Group of Sports Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology

Recommendations for Competitive Sports Participation in Athletes With Cardiovascular Disease: A Consensus Document From the Study Group of Sports Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology

Recommendations for competitive sports participation in athletes with cardiovascular disease: A consensus document from the Study Group of Sports Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology

A consensus document from the Study Group of Sports Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology.