Sports Club Participation Research Articles

Perceived physical competence mediates health benefits of club sport in adolescent girls beyond the effects of physical activity

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) levels decline during adolescence, especially for females and for participation in club sport. Club sport can deliver additional benefits compared to other types of PA. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between club sport participation and levels of perceived physical competence, body mass index (BMI) and perceived health status among adolescent females.

Relationship between sports participation and the level of motor coordination in childhood: A longitudinal approach

ObjectivesThis study examined the stability of motor coordination and the relationship between motor coordination and organized sports participation over time. DesignLongitudinal design. MethodsA total of 371 children between six and nine years of age at initial testing completed a test battery measuring motor coordination in three consecutive years and a questionnaire on their club sports participation in year 1 and year 3 of testing. ResultsCorrelation coefficients revealed the motor coordination of children to be a highly stable factor, ranging from 0.662 (6–8 years) to 0.873 (7–9 years). Results of the Repeated Measures ANOVA indicated that children who consistently practiced sports in a club environment over the three years of testing displayed better coordination levels than children who only partially participated or did not participate in a club environment at all. Moreover, stability was further indicated as consistent sports participation over time and changes or lack thereof did not substantially influence the development of motor coordination over time. In addition, the basic level of motor coordination and the amount of club sports participation significantly predicted sports participation two years later. ConclusionThe importance of the stability of motor coordination levels in childhood and its role in determining organized sports participation may have implications for talent identification purposes as well as potential health-related benefits in childhood and throughout the lifespan.

Impact of a University Recreation Center on Social Belonging and Student Retention

While studies have been conducted to determine the social-emotional development and learning outcomes associated with participation in sport clubs, very few similar studies have been done on the recreational sports environment as a whole. It is important to know why college recreation centers are important to student life as well as to understand what overall benefits students receive from the program as a whole. This study revealed that students who used the student recreation center more frequently were more likely to be attend the university, experience place bonding, social belonging to the recreation center and the university, integration into the university and hence retention at the university. From a practical perspective, the findings provide information for the university to better understand how to attract and retain students throughout their academic careers by the presence of a student recreation center.

P1-492 Predictors of childhood physical activity: the Gateshead millennium study

IntroductionConflicting evidence exists for associations between birth weight and childhood physical activity (PA) levels. It is important to know what other, potentially modifiable, factors influence PA in children given its'...

Does Participating in Organized Sports and Activities and Levels of Physical Fitness Predict Academic Achievement in 5th and 7th Grade Students?

Several studies have shown mixed results about the relationship between academic achievement and physical fitness (PF). Therefore, there is a need for more research investigating this association. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between academic achievement, physical fitness and participation in organized sports and physical activities in 5th and 7th grade students attending urban public schools in Madeira Island. METHODS: The total sample included 345 5th grade and 388 7th grade boys and girls (10.4±0.8 and 12.5±0.9 years old, respectively), attending 2 public schools in Funchal, Madeira Island. Achievement of PF was assessed as the number of tests above the healthy fitness zone (HFZ) from the Fitnessgram test battery, and the aerobic capacity through the Pacer test. Percent body fat (%BF) was estimated using equations developed by Slaughter et al. (1988). Participation in organized sporting activities was assessed by questionnaire, asking about club and school sports participation during the last 3 years. All students attended compulsory physical education classes. Academic achievement was determined by averaging the final scores obtained by the students in all compulsory class subjects, at the end of 2009/10. RESULTS: Regarding participation in organized activities, there were significant differences between genders, with boys reporting higher levels of sport participation (p<.001), and for a longer period (p<.001) than girls. Estimates of %BF were not associated with levels of sport participation (p>.05), but they were negatively associated with aerobic performance (r=-.45; p<.001). Students who reported participating in organized sports for the previous 2 to 3 years, had on average better grades (p<.001), than those who had not played any sports during the same period. A positive association (r=.23; p<.001) was noted between academic scores and the number of tests in the HFZ, as well as the number of years playing sports. CONCLUSION: This study showed that students who participated in organized sports and activities were more likely to have higher academic scores. There was a stronger association for those who had been playing more sports and for longer periods, especially in girls. Sponsored by the Research Center of Sport, Health and Human Development (CIDESD)

배드민턴 동호인의 스포츠 애호도와 정서 및 심리적 웰빙의 관계

배드민턴 동호인의 스포츠 애호도와 정서 및 심리적 웰빙의 관계

Sports and Child Development

Despite the relevance of cognitive and non-cognitive skills for professional success, their formation is not yet fully understood. This study fills part of this gap by analyzing the effect of sports club participation, one of the most popular extra-curricular activities, on children's skill development. Our results indicate positive effects: both cognitive skills, measured by school performance, and overall non-cognitive skills improve by 0.13 standard deviations. The results are robust when using alternative datasets as well as alternative estimation and identification strategies. The effects can be partially explained by increased physical activities replacing passive leisure activities.

Sport Education and Extracurricular Sport Participation

In this study, we used the trans-contextual model of motivation (TCM) to examine the effect of Sport Education (SE) on students' participation in a voluntary lunch recess sport club. A total of 192 participants (ages 9-14 years) completed measures of the TCM constructs before and after a 12-week SE intervention period. Participants had the opportunity to participate in weekly, voluntary lunch recess sport club sessions during the intervention period. SE elicited a moderate increase in autonomous motives in physical education. The TCM accounted for a significant proportion of the explained variance in lunch recess sport club intention and participation. Autonomy-supportive curricular models, such as SE, may have the potential to facilitate transfer of motivation and participation in physical activity from a physical education to an extracurricular context.

Secular trends in muscular fitness among Finnish adolescents

To investigate secular change over time in health-related muscular fitness and how leisure time physical activity (LTPA), sport club participation, and body mass index are associated with muscular fitness in adolescents. Two cross-sectional samples of Finnish 13-16-year-old adolescents were studied in 1976 (n = 643; 312 boys and 331 girls) and in 2001 (n = 579; 308 boys and 271 girls). Muscular fitness index was calculated as the sum of age- and sex-specific z-scores of four tests measuring muscular fitness and agility. Height and weight were also measured. Self-reported weekly frequency of LTPA of at least 30-min duration and regularity of participation in organised sport were obtained by questionnaire. Identical methods were used in 1976 and 2001. Muscular fitness index was higher in 2001 than in 1976 in both boys (by 0.77 points, p = 0.008, effect size d = 0.17, small difference) and girls (1.01 points, p = 0.004, d = 0.20, small difference). Sport club participation, body mass index, and participation in LTPA together explained more of the muscular fitness index variance in 2001 than in 1976 in both boys (coefficient of determination from 0.10 to 0.24) and girls (from 0.25 to 0.40). The muscular fitness of 13-16-year old adolescents slightly improved over time. Organised LTPA showed a stronger association with muscular fitness in 2001 than in 1976. Due to increased polarisation in fitness, in health promotion more attention should be paid on adolescents' health-related fitness and its association to LTPA.

Outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation - rehabilitation models and shortcomings in outpatient aftercare.

Background The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the bronchial asthma are widespread diseases. They need long-lasting and sustainable rehabilitation.Objectives The goal of this HTA is to describe the present supply and the economic relevance of out-patient pulmonary rehabilitation in conjunction with its social aspects. A further target is to derivate options for actions in the health-care system and possible research necessities.Methods Relevant publications are identified by means of a structured search in 37 database accessed through the German Institute of Medical Documentation and Information (DIMDI). In addition a manual search of identified reference lists has been done. The present report includes German and English literature published from 2004 to 2009. The methodological quality was assessed by two independent researchers according to pre-defined quality criteria of evidence based medicine.Results Among 860 publications 31 medical studies, four economic studies and 13 ethical studies meet the inclusion criteria. The studies cover rehabilitation programmes in 19 countries. The majority of them has a high level of evidence (1A to 2C). The pulmonary rehabilitation programmes differ by the setting (in-patient, out-patient, in-home, community-based), by the length of intervention (from two weeks to 36 months), by the way and the frequency of intervention and by the duration of the follow-up treatment. Overall out-patient rehabilitation programmes achieve the same positive effects for COPD patients as in-patient programmes do. This is especially true for physical performance and health related quality of life. There are only a few studies dealing with asthma. Therefore, valid statements cannot be given. The results for cost-effectiveness are not distinct enough.Discussion Goals of pulmonary rehabilitation like prevention and adequate treatment of acute exacerbations, the minimisation of hospitalisation and the reduction of mortality are attained in out-patient as well as in in-patient pulmonary rehabilitation. Regarding the best frequency of training units per week or the duration and the content of a unit further research is needed. Final results for the ideal length of an in-patient rehabilitation are still missing. None of the studies deals with the analysis of the different treatment forms of a COPD which are frequently defined by an alteration of in-patient and out-patient treatments and participation in sports clubs or self-help groups. There are some other limitations of the studies. The results concerning self-management programmes are not distinct. (Self-) Selection leads to high drop-out rates. Many studies have only small sample sizes. Confounder and long-time effects are seldom researched, relevant economic evaluations do not exist The improvement of health related quality of life is primarily obtained by an improved disease management than by an improvement of a medical parameter.Conclusion Out-patient pulmonary rehabilitation is as effective as in-patient pulmonary rehabilitation. But there is a critical shortage of out-patient pulmonary rehabilitation supply in Germany. Domains for further research are the evaluation of models for integrated care, the length, frequency and content of training programmes, psychiatric assessments and the cost-effectiveness of out-patient pulmonary rehabilitation.

Does Sports Club Participation Contribute to Health-Related Quality of Life?

Given the social nature of participation in sport, we hypothesized that club sports participants would have greater well-being and quality of life than participants in other forms of physical activity (PA). The purpose of this study was to examine health-related quality of life and life satisfaction in women who participate in three contrasting forms of PA: club sport, gym activities, and walking. This was a cross-sectional study of the relationship between type of PA setting and measures of health-related quality of life (Short-Form Health Survey [SF-36]) and life satisfaction in 818 women living in rural Victoria, Australia, in 2007. Data were also compared with those from a normative sample of 2345 women. After adjustment for potential confounders (age, education, marital status, children aged <16 yr, perceived financial stress, and level of recreational PA), four of the eight SF-36 subscales, the SF-36 mental health component summary score, and life satisfaction were significantly higher in the club sport group than that in the other groups. Although cross-sectional research cannot establish causal links, the results suggest that participation in club sport may enhance the health benefits of PA.

Physical activity and sedentary behaviors among urban Hungarian school children

Childhood obesity has become a worldwide epidemic. Declining physical activity is one of the major contributors. To obtain data on Hungarian primary school students' weight status, sport club participation and sedentary behaviors. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to all primary schools (n=18) in Obuda, Budapest. Children (1648 boys, 1654 girls; 11.3+/-2.3 years) completed questionnaires about sedentary behaviors and sport participation. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured. According to the IOTF criteria, 14.5% of the children were overweight and 4.6% were obese. The rate of those children who did not attend any extracurricular sport increased parallel with age in both gender. At the lower end of the range, 15.3% of the 9-year-old boys and 21% of the 10-year old girls did not sport. These numbers increased up to 31.0% in boys and 53.8% in girls by the age of 15 years. Screening time on weekdays and on weekends was 2.2+/-1.9 and 3.6+/-2.6 hours/day, respectively. One third of participants (32.2%) spent >2 h/day in front of a screen on weekdays, whereas 61.8% did on weekends. The frequency of sedentary behaviors was high among urban Hungarian school children. Health promotion strategies should start in early ages.

사회체육활동으로서의 대학생들의 스포츠동아리 참여가 대인관계만족과 대학생활만족에 미치는 영향

사회체육활동으로서의 대학생들의 스포츠동아리 참여가 대인관계만족과 대학생활만족에 미치는 영향

Club sport: Contributing to health-related quality of life?

Introduction: Previous studies have reported positive associations between Physical Activity (PA) and general health, but with the exception of walking, they have not examined the relationships between participation in different types of PA and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Given the social nature of participation in sport, we hypothesised that sports club participants would have greater HRQoL than participants in other forms of PA. The purpose of this study was to examine HRQoL and life satisfaction in women who participate in three contrasting forms of PA; club sport, gymnasium activities and walking.

운동 동아리 참여와 우울감, 사회적 및 정서적 고립감과의 관계

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between depression and social/emotional isolation of sport participation and club participation. The subjects of this study were selected by cluster random sampling of university students in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. There were 337(participation), 381(non-participation) used for the analysis. The total was 718. CES-D(Center For Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) Radloff(1977) translated by Lee, M. K.(1992) and ESLI(Emotional/Social aspects of Loneliness and isolation) Vincenzi & Grabosky (1987) translated by Lee, H. L.(1997) was measured the participation. The statistical methods for the data analysis were correlation, 2-way ANOVA, 2-way MANOVA, T-test. The conclusions for this study were as followings: 1) There were statistically significant differences on depression and social/emotional loneliness and isolation at sport participation and gender. In sub-factors of social/emotional loneliness and isolation, the sport participation had significant effect on social isolation, emotional isolation, social loneliness and emotional loneliness. The effects of sport participation and gender interacted to a significant degree on social loneliness. 2) The effects of sport club participation and gender interacted to a significant degree on social/emotional loneliness and isolation. In sub-factor, the sport club participation had significant effect on social isolation, emotional isolation. The effects of sport participation and gender interacted to a significant degree on social isolation, emotional isolation, social loneliness.

The role of sports for violence prevention: sport club participation and violent behaviour among adolescents

Youth involvement in conflict and violence is a frequent problem in Germany as well as in many European countries. The European Commission's White Paper on Sport presumes that sport participation might be of help in preventing adolescents from delinquency and violence. It further claims that social norms inherent in the world of sport (e.g. fair play, team spirit) might foster pro-social behaviour patterns and help reduce aggressiveness among juveniles (Commission of the European Communities 2007). This article challenges that assumption by confronting it with German data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). On the theoretical level, the paper explicates different mechanisms of how sport participation might influence violent behaviour patterns. On the empirical level, the article examines the relationship between the involvement in club-organised sport activities and violent behaviour patterns among 15-year-old German adolescents. Overall, the results suggest that sport activities do not automatically prevent violence. Using logistic regression analysis, we found that sex, education, social background, immigrant background, family violence, media violence and peer-group attitudes all had a significant effect on violent behaviour, while sport club membership and participation in volunteer organisations were shown to be non-significant in this model. The concluding remarks of this paper discuss theoretical and policy implications of these findings.

Correlates of objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary time in children: a cross-sectional study (The European Youth Heart Study)

BackgroundIdentifying leisure time activities performed before and after school that influence time in physical activity (PA) and/or time spent sedentary can provide useful information when designing interventions aimed to promote an active lifestyle in young people. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between mode of transportation to school, outdoor play after school, participation in exercise in clubs, and TV viewing with objectively assessed PA and sedentary behaviour in children.MethodsA total of 1327 nine- and 15-year-old children from three European countries (Norway, Estonia, Portugal) participated as part of the European Youth Heart Study. PA was measured during two weekdays and two weekend days using the MTI accelerometer, and average percent of time in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and time spent sedentary were derived. Potential correlates were assessed by self-report. Independent associations between self-reported correlates with percent time in MVPA and percent time sedentary were analysed by general linear models, adjusted by age, gender, country, measurement period, monitored days and parental socio-economic status.ResultsIn 9-year-olds, playing outdoors after school was associated with higher percent time in MVPA (P < 0.01), while participation in sport clubs was associated with higher percent time in MVPA (P < 0.01) in 15-year-olds. No associations with percent time sedentary were observed in either age group.ConclusionFrequency of outdoor play after school is a significant correlate for daily time in MVPA in 9-year-olds, while this correlate is attenuated in favour of participation in sport and exercise in clubs in 15-year-olds. Targeting walking to school or reduced TV viewing time in order to increase time in daily MVPA in children is unlikely to be sufficient. Correlates related to time spent sedentary need further examination.

The Effects of Participation in Middle School Sports Clubs on the Physical Self-Concept and Satisfaction of School Life

The Effects of Participation in Middle School Sports Clubs on the Physical Self-Concept and Satisfaction of School Life

Waterpipe and cigarette smoking among college athletes in the United States.

Tobacco use using a waterpipe is an emerging trend among college students. Although cigarette smoking is low among college athletes, waterpipe tobacco smoking may appeal to this population. The purpose of this study was to compare cigarette and waterpipe tobacco smoking in terms of their associations with organized sport participation. In the spring of 2008, we conducted an online survey of 8,745 college students at eight institutions as part of the revised National College Health Assessment. We used multivariable regression models to assess the associations between tobacco use (cigarette and waterpipe) and organized sports participation. Participants reported participation in varsity (5.2%), club (11.9%), and intramural (24.9%) athletics. Varsity athletes and individuals who were not varsity athletes had similar rates of waterpipe tobacco smoking (27.6% vs. 29.5%, p=.41). However, other types of athletes were more likely than their counterparts to have smoked waterpipe tobacco (35.1% vs. 28.7%, p < .001 for club sports and 34.8% vs. 27.7%, p < .001 for intramural sports). In fully-adjusted multivariable models, sports participants of any type had lower odds of having smoked cigarettes, whereas participants who played intramural sports (odds ratio=1.15, 95% confidence interval=1.03, 1.29) or club sports (odds ratio=1.15, 95% confidence interval=1.001, 1.33) had significantly higher odds of having smoked waterpipe tobacco. College athletes are susceptible to waterpipe tobacco use. In fact, compared with their nonathletic counterparts, club sports participants and intramural sports participants generally had higher odds of waterpipe tobacco smoking. Allure for waterpipe tobacco smoking may exist even for individuals who are traditionally considered at low risk for tobacco use.

Participation in sports clubs is a strong predictor of injury hospitalization: a prospective cohort study

The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the nature and risk factors of injuries leading to hospitalization. A cohort of 57 407 Finns aged 14-18 years was followed in the Hospital Discharge Register for an average of 10.6 years, totaling 608 990 person-years. We identified 5889 respondents (10.3%) with injury hospitalization. The most common anatomical location was the knee and shin (23.9%), followed by the head and neck (17.8%), and the ankle and foot (16.7%). Fractures (30.4%) and distortions (25.4%) were the most common injury types. The strongest risk factor for injury hospitalization was frequent participation in sports clubs [hazard ratio (HR) in males 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.7-2.0 and in females 2.3; 95% CI: 1.9-2.7], followed by recurring drunkenness (HR 1.6; 95% CI: 1.4-2.7 in males and 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2-1.6 in females) and daily smoking (HR 1.4; 95% CI: 1.3-1.5 in males and 1.43 95% CI: 1.2-1.5 in females). The association between injuries and sports clubs participation remained after adjusting for sociodemographic background, health, and health behaviors. Health behavior in adolescence, particularly sports club activity, predicted injury hospitalization. Preventive interventions directed toward adolescents who participate in sports clubs may decrease injury occurrence.