Sport Satisfaction Research Articles

Effect of the Organizational Model of the Subject of Activities in the Natural Environment on Students’ Satisfaction and Learning

The aim of this study was to identify the most suitable organizational model for teaching the university subject of Outdoor Activities in relation to learning acquisition and satisfaction. For this purpose, four models were designed, some of which were dominated by traditional education and others by innovative education. The data collection instruments were the Spanish version of the Physical Education of the Sport Satisfaction Instrument, adapted to the university context, and the questionnaire on the contents of the subject designed ad hoc. Data collection was carried out before and after the intervention with a total of 125 students. For data analysis, an ANCOVA was performed. The results showed that there were significant differences in satisfaction between groups (p = 0.029), but not in the boredom scale (p = 0.109). With regard to acquisition of learning between groups, there were significant differences (p = 0.005) in the overall grade of the subject. There were also significant differences in the scores for content taught differently depending on the group (p = 0.003), with a higher score in the most innovative group, the intensive-continuous group, compared to the fractioned (p = 0.005) and classic groups (p = 0.015). It is concluded that there is a positive effect between direct and continuous contact with nature, both in the acquisition of learning and in student satisfaction, with the most innovative model obtaining the best results of the study.

The impact of adolescent sports coaches’ social support on athletic achievement, self-esteem, sports satisfaction, and performance

The impact of adolescent sports coaches’ social support on athletic achievement, self-esteem, sports satisfaction, and performance

Development and Validation of the Sports Satisfaction Scale for Student Athlete for Secondary School

Development and Validation of the Sports Satisfaction Scale for Student Athlete for Secondary School

The Effect of Service Quality in Sports Businesses on Customer Satisfaction

Sports businesses need to improve their service quality to achieve their goals continuously. Enterprises that can achieve this will have a positive effect on customer satisfaction and will be able to sustain their existence and allow their businesses to grow. The problem statement of the research is "Is there a relationship between perceived service quality and customer satisfaction in sports businesses?". In this direction, the research aims to examine the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction in enterprises in terms of different demographic variables. The population of the study consisted of 885 members who receive active service in Mugla Culture Art Sports Center and Trade LLC sports enterprises. The sample consisted of 375 people over the age of 18, 123 of whom were female and 252 of whom were male. To collect the data needed for the research, the personal information form prepared by the researchers, the Sports Facilities Customer Satisfaction Scale (SFCSS) developed by Yıldırım (2017), and the Fitness Centers Service Quality Scale (FCSQS) developed by Sevilmiş (2019) was used. The data were collected a face-to-face questionnaire technique. SPSS 26.0 package program was used to analyze the collected data. Frequency and percentage analyses were used to determine the demographic structure of the data. A T-test was used to investigate the relationship between two independent variables and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the relationship between three or more variables. Statistical analyses were interpreted based on a p<0.05 significance level. The results of the analyses showed that the Cronbach Alpha values of the scales and sub-dimensions were highly reliable. The findings revealed a strong and positive relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction (r=0.613, p<0.01). This means that customer satisfaction increases with the increase in service quality in sports facilities.

Enhancing Self-Esteem, Satisfaction, and Motor Skills through Gamification in Elementary Physical Education

Objectives. This study aimed to investigate the impact of gamification in physical education on enhancing the self-esteem, satisfaction, and motor skills of 7-9-year-old elementary school students. Materials and methods. This study employed a pre-experimental method using a one-group pretest-posttest design without a control group. The participants were 90 elementary school students aged 7-9 years in Salatiga City (Indonesia), selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included self-esteem, sports satisfaction, and motor skills assessment tools that have been validated and tested for reliability. The gamified intervention was implemented in physical education instruction over eight weeks. The statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and paired samples t-tests. Results. The study’s findings indicate significant changes in the observed variables following the intervention, with a significance value (Sig) of 0.000 < 0.05. The calculated t-values for all three variables were more significant than the critical t-value of 1.990, with a significance level (Sig. 2-tailed) < 0.05. Therefore, this implies that gamification in elementary physical education instruction has a statistically significant positive impact on students’ self-esteem, satisfaction, and motor skills. Conclusions. The findings elucidate that the implementation of a gamification intervention has proven effective in enhancing students’ self-esteem, satisfaction with learning, and motor skills abilities. The practical implications of these findings underscore the importance of considering the integration of gamified process into instructional design as a strategy to enhance the quality of physical education learning in elementary schools.

Young Women's Motor Competence and Sport Satisfaction: The Role of Self-Efficacy in Physical Education

Young Women's Motor Competence and Sport Satisfaction: The Role of Self-Efficacy in Physical Education

Preliminary validity of the BNSSS-20 in Arabic: Exploratory study on basic needs satisfaction in sport for a sample of Tunisian athletes

Background Satisfaction of fundamental needs is an important concept in sport, but currently there is no tool in Arabic to measure this construct. Basic needs are often linked to high rates of motivation and performance. It is necessary to develop tools to assess psychological needs in the sport context. Aim This study aimed to validate the Basic Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale (BNSSS) in Arabic language across Tunisian athletes, and to test its psychometric properties (factorial structure, internal reliability, construct validity, and sensitivity). Methods Athletes in various sports participated in this study (370 men, 146 women; mean age 18.35) and voluntarily completed the Arabic version of the BNSSS-20. Both exploratory (EFA, N = 294; males: 68%; females: 32%; [14–18] = 182; [19–28] = 112) and confirmatory (CFA; N = 222; males: 76.6%; females: 23.4%; [14–18] = 103; [19–28] = 119) factor analyses were examined. Results Results from the EFA suggest that the BNSSS scale reflects the theoretical model well, with good internal consistency for all factors. All 20 items of BNSSS revealed excellent reliability (McDonald’s omega = 0.773, Cronbach’s α = 0.886, Gutmann’s λ6 = 0.970) and good temporal stability (ICC = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.55–0.93) over a 4-week period. Likewise, the CFA fit indices were excellent. Conclusion The BNSSS presented excellent fit to the theoretical model for all indices, confirming the factorial structure and providing validity of the instrument for Tunisian athletes.

Study of the satisfaction by age and gender of secondary school students with the integrated learning of Basketball and English language through a Non-linear Pedagogy

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is increasingly being researched and developed in Spain. This system is based on combining the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) in a realistic context, which makes the use of language functional, with numerous studies showing the benefits of this type of content combination. The aim of the study is to analyze the differences in the effect of this type of learning in relation to the gender or ages of the students participating in such programs. The sample selected for the study was 46 students, with an average age of 13.39 years, corresponding to the 2nd and 4th years of secondary education. The SSI-BPE (Sport Satisfaction Instrument in Bilingual Physical Education) questionnaire was used to record the degree of student satisfaction. The results indicate that the bilingual teaching modality in PE classes for the development of content related to the sport of basketball is associated with an increase in satisfaction and enjoyment of the classes. However, it appears that this motivation decreases with age.

Examination of associations across transformational teacher leadership, motivational orientation, enjoyment, and boredom in physical education students

Previous research has highlighted positive associations between teacher transformational leadership and student enjoyment in school. However, there is a dearth of evidence regarding the mediating effect that motivational orientation has on the relationships between transformational leadership and enjoyment in physical education classes. Given that an affinity for physical education fosters healthy behaviors among adolescents outside of school, this study explores the relationships between teachers’ transformational leadership style and enjoyment experienced by students in physical education, examining the mediating role played by motivational orientation in these relationships. A total sample of 478 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years (mean = 14.55; standard deviation = 1.11) participated. To assess the study variables, the Transformational Teaching Questionnaire, the Task and Ego Orientation in Sports Questionnaire, and the Sport Satisfaction Instrument in Physical Education were used. The findings from the applied structural equation model revealed a significant and positive relationship between teachers’ transformational leadership style and students’ perceived satisfaction, while negative relationships were observed with feelings of boredom. Additionally, positive connections were established between task orientation and enjoyment, along with negative associations with boredom. Indirect effects were also found between a transformational leadership style and both enjoyment and boredom, mediated by the variable task motivational orientation. These results underscore the importance of evaluating both students’ motivational factors and their perceptions of teachers, since they may interact with each other to determine their school satisfaction. Consequently, teachers may need to modify their behavior to improve their interactions with students and increase the chances of adherence to physical activity.

Increasing physical activity and sports satisfaction: The role of self-efficacy in physical education for young women

Physical activity is very closely related to movement skills and can be developed through physical education. By integrating self-efficacy into physical education as an intervention, it is hoped that both can be instilled and developed simultaneously.This study aims to examine the effect of self-efficacy in physical education in order to increase physical activity and sports satisfaction for young women. This research is an experimental research using a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The instruments used to collect data were the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for young and middle-aged adults (15-59) and the Basic Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale (BNSSS) instrument to measure satisfaction in sports which were then processed using an independent sample t-test compares two sample means to determine whether the group means differ significantly. The results of this study can be concluded that by integrating self-efficacy content in physical education lessons, it is very large in supporting the physical activities of female students and also increasing students’ motivation and creating a better learning environment. In addition, this intervention can increase satisfaction with physical education learning. These results have an indirect impact on students’ satisfaction in sports. Furthermore, it is necessary to conduct research on samples from various regions and samples of elementary school and college students.

Paper 58: Against Surgeons’ Advice: The Return to Sport in High Demand Weightlifters Following Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty at Average 3.6 Years Follow-up

Objectives: Return to sport in high-demand weightlifters following total shoulder arthroplasty has rarely been investigated, as most surgeons recommend against returning to heavy lifting postoperatively. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of return to sport, patient reported outcomes, patient satisfaction, performance, and failures in a specific population of high demand weightlifters that continue lifting after undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty. Methods: Retrospective review of a specific population of high demand weightlifters that underwent anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with minimum one-year clinical follow up was conducted. Prospective surveys determining pre- and postoperative participation in weightlifting included maximum weight, frequency, and duration of workouts, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), patient satisfaction, and post-operative range of motion were collected. Secondary outcomes included failure, revision surgery, risk factors for not returning to weightlifting, and performance measured as percentage of prior maximum bench press. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed to compare cohorts and identify risk factors, respectively. Results: Forty-two shoulders in 36 patients who met inclusion criteria (avg age 57.9 years, 97% male). No patient underwent revision surgery at average 3.6 year follow up (1 to 7 years, SD 1.9 years). The majority of patients (23/42 shoulders) report returning to heavy weightlifting postoperatively against senior surgeon’s recommendations. Mean SANE score for current weightlifters and retired weightlifters were 86.9 and 91.6, respectively (P = 0.148). In the weightlifting cohort, only 78.3% of patients achieved patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) threshold for SANE compared to 89.5% of patients (p = .332) in the retired cohort. Patient satisfaction and return to sport satisfaction in current weightlifting shoulders were good-to-excellent in 91.3% (P= 0.922) and 82.6% (P = 0.972) respectively. Patients who continued lifting reported substantially decreased maximum weight in all lifts compared to pre symptomatic maximum. Conclusions: This data provides insight for surgeons on the expected activity level of prior high demand weightlifters. Against their surgeon’s recommendations, most patients who participated in preoperative weightlifting returned to high demand weightlifting after surgery, but patients demonstrated lower lifting performance postoperatively. There were no early clinical catastrophic failures with high patient reported outcomes. While caution is still advised with returning to heavy weightlifting, the current data highlights the advances of modern fixation techniques, fourth generations implants, and diminished lifting capacity after surgery, which likely play a role in the high implant survivorship in this cohort.

The quadripartite approach to passion in sport: a prospective and cross-domain analysis with intercollegiate student-athletes

ABSTRACT We tested if distinct combinations of harmonious passion and obsessive passion for sport were associated with outcomes within sport, academics, and in one’s life. We analysed data from the Student-athlete Well-being and Achievement Project (SWAP), a study in which intercollegiate student-athletes (N = 298) completed assessments of harmonious and obsessive passion at the start of a season, and assessments of performance, experiences, and satisfaction in sport, academics, and in life at the end of a season. Results showed that high harmonious passion combined with low obsessive passion (i.e., pure harmonious passion) was most often associated with the most adaptive outcomes, whereas high obsessive passion combined with low harmonious passion (i.e., pure obsessive passion) was associated with the least adaptive outcomes. These results build on previous research with recreational athletes [Schellenberg, B. J. I., Verner-Filion, J., Gaudreau, P., & Mbabaali, S. 2021. The two dimensions of passion for sport: A new look using a quadripartite approach. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 43(6), 459–476. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2021-0048] by showing the benefits of pursuing competitive sport with high harmonious passion, especially pure harmonious passion.

Sources of Sport Satisfaction and Perceived Self-Efficacy Among Youth in a Competitive Environment.

Young people's sources of satisfaction in sport are an important indicator of their long-term sport participation. Contextual factors and an individual's internal dispositions act synergistically to determine a positive experience. We studied sources of sport satisfaction and perceived self-efficacy of 1,151 male and female youth athletes (M age = 14.72, SD = 1.56years) in Brazil who were engaged in school state level competition. The participants responded to questionnaires on their sport satisfaction and perceived self-efficacy. We considered sex, training time, and last game results as independent variables in accessing participant differences in perceived satisfaction. We observed an increasing trend toward more significant satisfaction as sport experience increased. Perceived self-efficacy was a moderator for young participants' self-reported positive experience in sports. Thus, in our offer of evidence on sources of satisfaction in sport and perceived self-efficacy among youth in competition, we found the extent of the sport experience and self-efficacy to be important factors in the developmental pathway.

The mediating roles of pre-competitive coping and affective states in the relationships between coach-athlete relationship, satisfaction and attainment of achievement goals

ABSTRACT The study is aimed to explore the relationship between coach-athlete relationship, precompetitive coping and affective states, satisfaction and attainment of achievement goals. A sample of 567 French athletes (Mage = 22.10; SD = 5.66; 377 men and 190 women) involved in 75 training groups participated in the study and completed a series of self-report measures in a temporal design with three measure points. Results of multilevel analyses revealed that the coach-athlete dyad (level 2; between-person level of analysis or training groups) and task-oriented coping (level 1; within person level of analysis or individuals) significantly predicted goal attainment (level 1). Moreover, the results of the Sobel test revealed that task-oriented coping (level 1) marginally mediated the relationship between coach-athlete dyad (level 2) and sport satisfaction (level 1). Besides, the coach-athlete dyad (level 1) and Intensity of positive affect (PA) mediated the relationship between coach-athlete dyad and goal attainment. Finally, the coach-athlete dyad (level 1) and Intensity of PA mediated the relationship between coach-athlete dyad and satisfaction (level 1). In conclusion, the display of Coach-Athlete relationship strategies may enhance higher levels of precompetitive task-oriented coping, intensity of PA, goal attainment and satisfaction. Subsequently, coaches and practitioners should focus their training on enhancing coach-athlete relationship as a crucial part of training in order to perform in competitions.

Incidence of cooperative learning on sport satisfaction in adolescent soccer players

The objective of the present study was to determine the incidence of a training program based on cooperative learning for 8 weeks on sport satisfaction in adolescent soccer players. A quasi-experimental design with a control group was carried out for 8 weeks. The sample was composed of 50 adolescent soccer players aged between 13 and 17 years (M= 15.69, SD= 1.27), 25 athletes participated in each group. The Cooperative Learning and Sports Satisfaction Questionnaire was used. The results reflected that in the experimental group there were significant differences in social skills, group processing, promoter interaction and boredom (P < .001), positive interdependence (P < .01) and individual responsibility and satisfaction or fun (P < .05), while in the control group there were no differences. In conclusion, soccer coaches who promote cooperative training raise the levels of sports satisfaction as fun and reduce boredom in their practices.

Bit use and its relevance for rider safety, rider satisfaction and horse welfare in equestrian sport

Using a bit to communicate with and control the horse while riding is one of the longest standing traditions in horse riding. However, horses’ aversion to bits and high levels of bit-induced trauma have led some to question whether this practice is commensurate with modern understanding of animal welfare. This study represents one of the first attempts to compare horses ridden with and without a bit in terms of horse welfare, rider safety and rider satisfaction. Australian recreational and sport horse riders (n = 399, 94.4% female; Mdn age=46.0 years) from a range of riding disciplines were anonymously surveyed online. Only n = 20 (5.0%) participants reported riding without a bit, however, this is likely consistent with the recreational horse-riding population, given riding with a bit is mandated in most equestrian sports. A whole sample analysis and a case-matched analysis were performed where cases were matched based on horse breed and age, discipline, and rider age. Whole sample analyses found horses ridden without a bit have better relative welfare scores for management, and during riding and handling compared to horses ridden with a bit (Mdn 13.0, IQR 2.0 and Mdn 11.0, IQR 5.0; Mdn 35.0, IQR 9.0 and Mdn 32.0, IQR 6.0; and Mdn 24.0, IQR 3.25 and Mdn 23.0 IQR 4.0 respectively, p < 0.05), but did not differ in relation to health. Fewer ridden hyperreactive behaviours (bucking, spooking, rearing and bolting) were reported for bitless horses compared with bitted horses (Mdn 0.0, IQR 1.0 and Mdn 1.0, IQR 4.0, respectively, p = 0.04), however, rider safety and perceived control were similar for both groups. Riders of bitless horses were more satisfied than riders of bitted horses (Mdn 16.0, IQR 2.0 and Mdn 14.0, IQR 4.0, respectively, p = 0.01) and reported better horse-rider partnerships (Mdn 4.0, IQR 0.0 and Mdn 3.0, IQR 1.0, respectively, p < 0.001). More riders of bitless horses had knowledge of learning theory than riders of bitted horses (55.0% and 23.0% respectively, p = 0.003). Results from the case-matched analysis were consistent with the whole sample results, except for rider satisfaction and knowledge of learning theory which were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that bitless riding is not related to reduced horse control or rider safety, but is related to greater rider satisfaction and improved horse-rider partnership. Considering current challenges to the industry’s social licence to operate due to poor horse welfare, increased adoption of bitless riding may present a valuable opportunity to improve horse welfare.

Research on user satisfaction of sports and healthcare integration system in post-pandemic era

After COVID-19, some initiatives such as Healthy China, and Smart Living have been widely mentioned. This study explored the factors influencing user satisfaction in sports and healthcare integration services to help system builders and interaction designers better seek opportunities and directions for systems construction. Based on grounded theory method, conducted semi-structured interviews with people who have home exercise needs, and then summarised the influencing factors after coding the raw information level by level. It applied the user experience honeycomb to classify potential variables, used principal component analysis (PCA) to extract representative evaluation indicators as observed variables, and followed the construction of a theoretical model of the satisfaction factors. The structural equation model (SEM) was validated and analyzed to prove its scientific validity and reasonableness. Research showed that the core factors affecting the user experience of sports and healthcare integration system include usefulness, interactivity, usability, credibility, and findability, all of which have a positive and significant impact on user satisfaction. According to the results of empirical analysis, A multidimensional design strategy for sports and healthcare integration system is proposed to provide a reference for improving user satisfaction.

Self-determination, restrictive eating, and psychological needs: Challenges for young athletes.

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of self-determination for sport in the relationship between psychological needs in a sport context, and restrictive eating behaviors among adolescent athletes, while controlling for confounding variables. Self-report online surveys were completed by 983 adolescent athletes (41.3% identified as girls, M=14.63 years, SD=0.765). Structural equation modeling was conducted to investigate the hypothesized associations between basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration in sport, self-determination for sport, and restrictive eating behaviors, controlling for the level of competition and the type of sport practiced. Gender differences between the associations were assessed using moderation analysis. Girls reported significantly more restrictive eating behaviors (Mgirls =0.85; SD=1.39vs. Mboys =0.62; SD=1.31). Both associations between basic psychological need frustration and satisfaction and restrictive eating behaviors were mediated by self-determination for sport (β=0.054, 95% bootstrap IC=0.027-0.089; β=-0.045, 95% bootstrap IC=-0.079 to -0.021). Further, gender moderated an association so that frustration of basic psychological in sport more strongly predicted restrictive eating behaviors in girls (β=0.256; p=0.008), compared with boys. Our study reveals considerable gender differences in the mechanism underlying the adoption of restrictive eating in adolescent athletes. The research also fills a gap in the literature by supporting the assumptions of the Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in eating behaviors, specifically in the sport context.

Investigating perceptions of cohesion, performance, and satisfaction in sport officiating groups

ABSTRACT Since sport officials constitute instrumental groups, their perceptions of, and interactions with, group members likely influence their performance, satisfaction, and retention. This warrants investigation into sport officiating groups. Rationale/Purpose: (1) Examine the relationship between sport officials’ cohesion, satisfaction, and performance; (2) Investigate sport officials’ perceptions of cohesion across sports; and (3) Explore sport officials’ perceptions of group processes. Design/Methodology/Approach: Using a cross-sectional design, participants (N = 228) completed a survey measuring perceptions of cohesion, performance, and satisfaction. Findings: Responses demonstrated consistent positive relationships between cohesion, performance, and satisfaction. Path analysis found that task cohesion predicted performance and satisfaction. Participants rated task cohesion higher than social cohesion, with American football highest and Association football lowest. Practical implications: Officiating organizations can use these results to reconsider assigning practices and develop strategies that improve cohesion, leading to increased performance and retention. Research contribution: Results highlight the need for sustained research to further understand how group processes influence sport officials and their performances. This study is novel as there is a dearth of research on how group dynamics influence sport officials’ performances and retention.

Forwards or backwards—regulatory focus orientation of offense and defense players in team sports

ABSTRACT Playing positions in team sports can be divided into two broad categories: offense players who typically prioritise scoring points over preventing the other team from scoring and defense players who typically prioritise preventing the opponents from scoring over scoring themselves. Thus, offense and defense players have very different approaches and goals within the game. It therefore seems likely that the players of these different positions also differ from each other in relevant motivational or self-regulatory characteristics such as their regulatory focus orientation. Because the definitions of regulatory promotion focus and regulatory prevention focus match very closely the definitions of offense and defense players, we hypothesised that offense players should have higher levels of promotion focus than defense players and that defense players should have higher levels of prevention focus than offense players. Using data from a preregistered large-scale online survey on playing positions and personality in team sports (N = 2,185 athletes from 18 different team sports), we found in linear regression analyses that offense players indeed had significantly higher levels of promotion focus, whereas defense players indeed had significantly higher levels of prevention focus. For prevention focus, these differences were also robust to both a different classification of offense and defense and to the inclusion of moderators. Overall, these findings suggest that regulatory focus may play an important role in team sports. Future research should therefore further examine these effects, their mechanisms, and their consequences in terms of sport satisfaction, performance, and regulatory fit.