Sports Complex Research Articles

Immediate Effects of Kinesio Taping on pain in Athletes with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Abstract Background Ligaments injury and anterior knee pain is the most common problem in the knee joint. In practice, there are various interventions for the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Kinesio taping is one of them, but little literature is available on the immediate effects of treating this problem. Methodology From June to September 2017, a randomized control study was conducted at the Army Sports Complex GHQ Rawalpindi to determine the effectiveness of Kinesio Taping (KT) in patellofemoral pain syndrome in athletes. Data were collected from 48 athletes who fully met the inclusion criteria and were randomly divided into 2 groups. The data collection tool was Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Kujala PFPS Score, and self-structured Questionnaire. The data was analyzed on SPSS 21. Results The overall mean age was 22.7±3.0. The immediate effects showed improved NPRS in both groups; in the control group the NPRS pre 1st visit mean was 5.36±1.2 and post 1st visit mean was 4.68±1.3 with the difference of 0.68±0.1 having p value p<0.001. In the treatment group the NPRS pre 1st visit mean was 5.90±1.2 and post 1st visit mean was 5.00±1.0 with the difference of 0.90±0.1 having p value p<0.001. Conclusion This study shows immediate effects of Kinesio-Taping, however there was not any significant difference between both groups but the treatment group performed well after the sessions.

“Investigation of weight reduction and atherogenic features in response to aquafit among sedentary, obese middle-aged males”

AimsThe potential interactive impacts of bodily exercise and the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) with the atherogenic lipid profile are controversial. This quasi-experimental study was designed to assess the effects of Aquafit patterns (continuous and intermittent) without a dietary intervention on weight reduction and features of the atherogenic lipid profile in sedentary obese middle-aged males. MethodsThe study included sixty-eight obese middle-aged men with sedentary lifestyles who had reached out to the Helal Sports Complex of Ferdos for weight loss counselling (March to May 2018). They randomly assigned into two Aquafit training patterns: continuous Aquafit training with moderate-intensity (CAM) and intermittent Aquafit training with high-intensity (IAH). Both patterns lasted three months and consisted of three weekly sessions of 60-min each. The Wilcoxon Nonparametric Test was used to compare groups and times. ResultsComparison of monitored variables in the initial and final stages of the study showed no significant difference within and between groups, except significant reductions of body weight (0.5 kg, P = 0.03) and BMI (0.04 kg/m2, P = 0.04) in the CAM group. ConclusionsIn the absence of dietary intervention, the features of the atherogenic lipid profile in both Aquafit training patterns did not significantly improve. In the CAM group, obese middle-aged men with sedentary lifestyles had a modest but significant effect on weight reduction.

Діелектричні показники сосни звичайної в умовах напіввільного утримання ратичних (cervidae, bovidae) на території Західного і Центрального Полісся

Використання електрофізіологічних показників (імпедансу (R) і поляризаційної ємності (C)) є перспективним методом індикації стадій впливу мисливської фауни на лісові насадження, особливо у вольєрах. Досліджено сезонні зміни діелектричних показників сосни звичайної (Pinus sylvestris L.) на території найбільших вольєрів Західного і Центрального Полісся, користувачами яких є: ТОВ "ВУЛФ-К" (Cervus elaphus), МСК "Сокіл" (Cervus elaphus, Dama dama, Ovis ammon musimon) та СФГ "Земля Полісся" (Cervus nippon). Площа вольєрів становить 243,4 га, 382,3 га та 228,0 га відповідно. Встановлено, що ступінь впливу на лісові насадження у вольєрах різний: МСК "Сокіл" – середній вплив, ТОВ СФГ "Земля Полісся" – слабкий, "ВУЛФ-К" – відсутній. Закладено 18 пробних площ (дев'ять з яких – контрольні) у чистих соснових деревостанах віком 22-101 рік, які зростають за ІА-ІІ класом бонітету. Пробні площі розташовані у чотирьох типах лісу (В2-дС, В3-дС, С2-гдС, С3-гдС). Вимірювання діелектричних показників виконано у березні, липні та жовтні 2019 р. аналоговим приладом Ф4320 на частоті 1 кГц за методикою Г. Т. Криницького. З'ясовано, що діелектричні показники мають чітко виражену динаміку та характеризують сезонні зміни інтенсивності процесів життєдіяльності. Поляризаційна ємність на пробних площах змінювалася у березні в межах 5,15±0,18-6,87±0,14 nF (достовірність різниці з контрольними показниками tф=0,08-0,73; t05=2,02), у липні – вона зросла до 13,90±0,71-16,78±0,89nF (tф=0,07-0,51; t05=2,02), а у жовтні – знизилася до 4,54±0,34-8,97±0,27 nF (tф=0,31-1,42; t05=2,02). Коефіцієнт варіації на дослідних ПП у березні становив 9,1-23,5 %, у липні 16,5-28,7 %, у жовтні 13,3-33,8 %. Показники імпедансу впродовж сезону спочатку знизилися від 28,55±1,86-45,75±3,47 кОм (tф=0,12-1,08; t05=2,02) до 11,80±0,44-15,52±0,95 кОм (tф=0,21-0,56; t05=2,02), а потім зросли до 20,82±0,84-44,80±3,40 кОм (tф=0,09-1,19; t05=2,02). Коефіцієнт варіації імпедансу на дослідних ПП у березні становив 16,5-37,4 %, у липні – 16,6-32,0 %, у жовтні – 13,3-44,1 %. Відсутність достовірної різниці (t-критерій Ст'юдента) між діелектричними показниками дослідних і контрольних насаджень сосни звичайної свідчить, що не встановлено помітного впливу напіввільного утримання мисливських тварин на життєдіяльність дерев. Показники поляризаційної ємності та імпедансу мають високу індивідуальну мінливість для окремих модельних дерев, хоча загалом варіювання діелектричних показників є середніми.

Exergoeconomic Analysis of an Industrial Cogeneration Cooling System Powered By Natural Gas Fueled Diesel Engine

This study presents the exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a natural gas-powered diesel cogeneration system. The cogeneration system is designed for a sports complex with 1000 m2 closed area in Afyonkarahisar city. Natural gas is used as the fuel in the cogeneration system of the sports complex, which includes a swimming pool and ice rink. The natural gas diesel engine is used as the primary energy source for the cogeneration system. In the system, the electricity required for the cooling cycle is produced from the natural gas diesel engine. At the same time, the engine exhaust gases are used in the process of heat generation for swimming pool water heating. Finally, the waste heat discharged from the system is used to produce electricity in the thermoelectric power unit. The cogeneration system was modeled thermodynamically by the EES program on a computer and then economically analyzed by using the Aspen Plus program. The operation of the cogeneration system is described in detail, and a methodology based on exergoeconomic relations and SPECO method is provided to allocate cost flows through subcomponents of the system. The results were compared by using thermodynamic and exergoeconomic performance parameters. The exergetic efficiency of the cogeneration system is found to be 28.74%, which indicates that 71.26% of the total exergy input to the system, mainly by natural gas, is destroyed. As a result of the economic analysis of the cogeneration system, the investment cost was calculated as 62,000 $. The exergetic cost rate and the specific unit exergetic cost of the power produced in the cogeneration system are calculated to be 0.75 $/h and 10.93 $/GJ (0.039 $/kWh), respectively. The specific unit exergetic cost of the energy produced in the cogeneration system for cooling the ice rink and heating the swimming pool in the sports complex are calculated to be 6.152 $/GJ (0.022 $/kWh) and 4.221 $/GJ (0.0152 $ /kWh), respectively.

Assessing economic and fiscal impacts of sports complex in a small US county

Due to the high demand for various forms of sports tourism, destinations have used sports-related events to attract more tourists to boost the regional economy. This study examines economic impacts (EIs) and fiscal impacts of the sports complex in a small county, and further verifies that its economic and fiscal impacts are of significance. Depending on a low or high demand scenario, approximately US$10.5 or 15 million in revenue supported 703 or 919 jobs (direct) in the impact area, with value added US$12.6 or 18.1 million, respectively. More specifically, an additional 66 or 90 indirect and 53 or 76 induced jobs were created with an impact of US$3.4 or 4.8 million. In total, the sports complex can support substantial employment (822 or 1085 jobs) and EIs (US$42 or 61 million) annually for the impact area. Lastly, US$336,000 or 443,000 in fiscal impacts was also generated.

Design and Economic Analysis of a Solar Photovoltaic System for a Campus Sports Complex

This paper presents the design and economic analysis of a photovoltaic (PV) system for a campus sports complex located at the Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) in Oman. The designed PV system shows the ability to serve the total energy required by the various playgrounds in the sports complex and to sell excess power to the grid. Oman is one of the gulf countries that has the highest average solar irradiation. Besides, the temperature in Oman varies in a broad spectrum daily and seasonally. This variation in temperature, especially in a hot climate like in Oman, has a significant impact on the PV output. This paper addresses such a change of temperature in designing the PV system for the sports complex. This paper also presents the mathematical model utilized in designing the PV system and its design process in detail. The outcome of the design shows that the PV based renewable system can meet the energy requirement (78.568 MWh/year) by the load in a year. Moreover, the design system can sell energy (56.065 MWh/year) back to the grid that produces extra revenue for the system owner. The economic performance parameters such as payback period, net present value, internal rate of return, and profitability index are utilized to evaluate the financial viability of the solar PV system for the SQU sports complex.

Prospects for creating a digital service E-Lean-Hub in a lean university model

Modern universities are small cities. They have libraries, sports complexes, swimming pools, dormitories, catering, auditoriums, payment centres, and payment terminals. There are residents in them - students, teachers and employees, there are guests - applicants, parents, employers, and partners. In order to let all these work, the proper and effective management system is to be developed. Each resident and guest of the university should have an appropriate access to the resources and services according to their role. The development of digital technologies in a single university is not yet an indicator of quality of education since such technologies are just a tool. Universities are implementing a non-profit mission, but processes are becoming more and more business units, which involves the use of business management technologies in education to increase its effectiveness in the digital economy. In order to learn how to use it in a most effective way, experience of the foreign universities where such a model is already well applied and developed is crucial. In this regard, the article considers the mechanism of implementation of this system.

Life of doctor parents during COVID-19 pandemic.

To the Editor, Much of our life has been changed during this ongoing COVID-19 pandemic along with the imposed nationwide long lockdown to combat it. For doctor parents like us who are staying as small nuclear family away from home, the situation has been much tougher. While the lockdown period has been regarded as a period for spending quality time with family members for most, the healthcare professionals (HCPS) are unlucky in that aspect, given the nature of job profile. Both parents being doctor only add to that misadventure. While being HCP, we propagate the slogan of “We stayed at work for you, please you stay at home for us,” unfortunately this comes with a huge price. Being parents to a toddler, we here want to share some of our own experiences during this difficult time: After reaching home from hospital, first we have to follow the time-consuming standard operating procedure to sanitize yourself including items like keys, shoes, mobile phone, laptop bag, lunch box, taking head bath, salt water/chlorhexidine gargling, brushing teeth, putting clothes in washing machine, etc., before you can give your child that routine hug which she deserves after a long day wait. It's painful but never the less is the need of the hour. Staying as nuclear family is a double edged sword these days. While you thank god for not risking life of elderly parents (as is the case in joint family) during this pandemic, your kid simultaneously gets deprived of their love, affection, and care. Thanks to the lockdown, your domestic help is cut off. That means you have to accomplish all these daily chores by your own and this is difficult unless you advance your daily time clock by 2 h earlier than usual days. To make the situation worse, home food delivery services, cook services remain closed meaning you have to cook (no matter how much you have mastered your cooking skill) your healthy meal by yourself in available limited home hours. The major challenge in this ongoing situation is taking care of a toddler at home with closure of day care/nursery services in your city. Doctor parents are left with only option: go to hospital one by one or alternatively. Being HCP is a major social misadventure these days as the society start looking suspiciously at you every time you return from your hospital with the fear that you might infect them with corona. Moreover, you continue to remain in mental stress everyday not because of the fear of corona but because of the social stigma associated with getting affected with corona. Being pediatricians, we often advise parents to involve their kids in physical activities and to reduce screen time. However, during these days to maintain social distance, outdoor activities are restricted as parks, sport complexes, activity zones are a strict no-no these days and our kids invariability land up in increased screen time due to binge watching of mobile and television. Never the less, there is light at the end of tunnel, and we are hopeful that the current situation is likely to improve with time by virtue of advancement in science/scientific development such as invention of vaccine/drugs against COVID-19 or because of natural course of disease (acquisition of herd immunity) or change (due to upcoming scratchy summer in most parts of India). Like any other parents we are anxious but simultaneously ready to brace the situation bravely in whatever way it unfolds in future by adoption. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.

2018-2019 Annual Report of Work Carried Out at Memorial Park, City of Houston, Harris County, Texas

On behalf of the City of Houston and the Memorial Park Conservancy, Gray & Pape, Inc. conducted intensive pedestrian surveys of three areas totaling 144.4 hectares (357.6 acres) of Memorial Park, City of Houston, Harris County, Texas. Fieldwork was carried out between April 1, 2018 and March 31, 2019, under Texas Antiquities Annual Permit Number 8465. The following report presents the results of site file and background research, survey methods, field results, and conclusions and recommendations for each of these surveys. The goals of the intensive pedestrian surveys were to assist the Memorial Park Conservancy in identifying the presence of cultural resources as they are defined by Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended (36 CFR 800), and provide management recommendations for identified resources. Survey methods, site identification and delineation, and reporting adhere to standards established by the Archeology Division of the Texas Historical Commission, the Council of Texas Archeologists, and the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. At this time, the Memorial Park Conservancy plans to conduct standard park maintenance activities including low impact mechanical clearing of the invasive understory, spraying, and new plantings in each of the areas surveyed. Gray & Pape, Inc. focused particular attention on the State Antiquities Landmark-designated (#8200003264) Camp Logan archaeological site (41HR614) that encompasses large portions of Memorial Park. As a result of survey findings, the boundary for 41HR614 has been expanded to include the entirety of the former Camp Logan footprint as preserved within the boundaries of Memorial Park. The boundary of the previously recorded prehistoric site 41HR1217 was also extended. Four new prehistoric sites (41HR1226, 41HR1227, 41HR1229, 41HR1230) and one new multicomponent site (41HR1228) were also recorded. The 12.4-hectare (30.6-acre) Sports Complex survey resulted in the identification of five historic features considered part of 41HR614: the partial remains of a Camp Logan era road, segments of two Camp Logan era ditches, a Camp Logan concrete grease trap, and a concrete signpost from the 1940s. Gray & Pape recommends that the grease trap and signpost be avoided by Memorial Park Conservancy planned activities. The remaining features will not be impacted by current planned Memorial Park Conservancy activities. Based on the results of this survey, and with these protective measures in place, Gray & Pape recommends that the no further cultural resources work be required in the remaining portions of the Sports Complex project area and that the project be cleared to proceed as currently planned. The 76-hectare (189-acre) Bayou Wilds – East survey resulted in the identification of four new prehistoric sites (41HR1226, 41HR1227, 41HR1229, 41HR1230) and one new multicomponent site (41HR1228). The boundaries of the prehistoric site 41HR1217 and the historic site 41HR614 were extended A total of 14 new features were identified as associated with 41HR614, as well as two historic-age structures. Gray & Pape, Inc. recommends avoidance of the identified sites, features, and historic age structures. Based on the results of this survey, and with these protective measures in place, Gray & Pape, Inc. recommends no further cultural resources work be required in the remaining portion of the Bayou Wilds – East project area and that the project be cleared to proceed as planned. The 56-hectare (138-acre) Northwest Trails – North survey resulted in the identification of four historic-age structures, nearly identical footbridges constructed of irregular blocks and mortar that are part of the park’s active trail network; as well as a historical isolate. Based on the results of this survey, and with these protective measures in place, Gray & Pape, Inc. recommends that the no further cultural resources work be required in the remaining portions of the Northwest Trails – North project area and that the project be cleared to proceed as currently planned. As part of the Unanticipated Finds Plan developed by Gray & Pape, Inc. and the Memorial Park Conservancy, Gray & Pape, Inc. archaeologists identified and recorded nine cultural features (seven manholes, one grease trap, one segment of vitrified clay pipe) uncovered by activities undertaken by the Memorial Park Conservancy and their contractors. In each case ongoing work in the area of the newly encountered feature was halted until the feature was fully documented by a Gray & Pape, Inc. archaeologist, and potential impacts were coordinated between Gray & Pape, Inc., the Memorial Park Conservancy, and the Texas Historical Commission. Gray & Pape, Inc. also coordinated with the Texas Historical Commission on two occasions in relation to Memorial Park Conservancy projects for which no fieldwork was required. As a project permitted through the Texas Historical Commission, Gray & Pape, Inc. submitted project records to the Center of Archaeological Studies at Texas State University in San Marcos, Texas.

Evaluation of Perception and Awareness of Dental Injuries among Sports Children Aged 6-18 Years and their Coaches during Contact Sports

Introduction: Dental injuries are the most common form of orofacial injury suffered during sports participation. This injury can be severe, affecting appearance, voice, and ability to eat. Reputation of contact sports activities is growing day-by-day so the function of dental specialists has turn out to be extra essentials to prevent dental and orofacial injuries. Aim: To evaluate perception and awareness of dental injury in sports children and their coaches during contact sports. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2019 to October 2019 at three sports complexes in Vadodara, Gujarat. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the perception and awareness of oral injuries sustained during sports activities. Self-administered questionnaire with 20 closed ended questions for coaches and 18 closed ended questions for children were constructed with multiple choice or Yes-No format. Total of 50 coaches and 240 children were included in the study. Results: Most common sustained injury occurred on the face (41.7%), followed by lip/tongue/cheek injury (22.9%), teeth fracture (10.4%) and teeth avulsion (7.5%). Among all participants, 66 (27.5%) sports children and 27 (54.0%) coaches knew that it was possible to re-implant the teeth. A total of 118 (49.2%) sports children were aware that mouthguard can prevent dental injuries and 31(86%) coaches had advised children to use mouthguards while playing contact sports. Conclusion: The knowledge related to sports injury is poor and under-usage of protective devices requires education and motivation.

Effectiveness of additional Mulligan taping over conventional therapy in young female gymnasts with lateral ankle sprain

BACKGROUND: Researchers found that ankle sprains accounted for sports-related injuries in twenty high school sports. Mulligan taping which is well known for ankle sprain and can be easily sustained by subjects. The study was conducted to determine the effect of Mulligan taping on the incidence and severity of ankle injury in women's gymnastics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study design: Experimental study. Sample size: Sixty. Study setting: Gymnastics sports complexes in and around the city area. Sample distribution: Alternate allocation method. Study sampling: Purposive sampling. Inclusion criteria: Gymnasts diagnosed/ Prediagnosed with lateral ankle sprain (LAS)grade 2(sub acute) more than 2 weeks, vault and rhythmic gymnastics player of10–20 years of female practicing gymnastics more than 2 months and reporting minimum two episodes of giving away. Exclusion criteria: Recent surgeries on lower limbs, male gymnasts, recent fracture of the ankle and chronic ankle sprains. Procedure: Total sixty gymnasts' satisfying the inclusion–exclusion criteria and were divided into two equal groups by alternate allocation method i.e. Group A who underwent additional Mulligan taping with glides and Group B who underwent only conventional therapy. Post treatment data was collected and statistically analysed. Outcome measures: Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). RESULTS: In Group A, t-value pre- and posttreatment for FAAM score was 48.346, which shows a significant change at P CONCLUSION: Additional Mulligan taping has shown significant effects over conventional therapy in young female gymnasts with LAS.

Analysis of Importance in the Selection of Location for a Sports Complex with Analytic Hierarchy Process

Analysis of Importance in the Selection of Location for a Sports Complex with Analytic Hierarchy Process

Perjuangan Masyarakat Adat untuk Keadilan Ekologis di Teluk Benoa, Bali

Environmental tragedy overshadows efforts to seize coastal space (Coastal and Ocean Grabbing) in part from 1,373 ha. for the Benoa Bay reclamation project in South Bali. So far, Benoa Bay has become a livelihood for fishermen and marine tourism practitioners. This water area with intertidal tides allows flushing to maintain sea water quality, in addition to the 100 ha of “Ngurah Rai” mangrove forest. which regulates hydro-orology around Denpasar. Public reasoning was disturbed when the investors of PT TWBI facilitated by the State through the Presidential Regulation, the Ministerial Decree KP and the Bali Governor's Decree planned to build 12 islands by sinking over 700 ha of water. for established hotels, villas, offices, educational facilities, sports complexes, trade, botanical gardens, apartments and floating villas. The controversy took place when the results of an AMDAL study from LPPM Udayana University stated that the Benoa Bay area was not socio-culturally suitable for reclamation, but investors sought to continue the reclamation by cooperating with a number of universities from outside Bali to conduct a comparative AMDAL study. Responding to the plan, the indigenous people through Paruman Pakraman stated their attitude to reject the reclamation of Benoa Bay by considering environmental sustainability and the preservation of customary-cultural areas. The reclamation issue of Benoa Bay in its development has not only been an environmental issue, but has penetrated into the realm of local politics. When the Bali Pilgub, Denpasar Pilwakot and Badung Pilbup and even the election of Bandesa (traditional village officials) conditioned all candidates to make an integrity pact rejecting the reclamation of Benoa Bay, including candidates who had been known to be pro-reclamation. After twice (2014-2018) the location permit was declared not meeting the AMDAL study, now investors have obtained a new permit (2018-2020) from the KKP to continue the struggle over the Benoa Bay living space. The ForBALI movement, which is the mandate of Pasubayan Pakraman, is preparing a new round of struggle for environmental justice in Benoa Bay. ForBALI's agenda going forward, first: push the results of the AMDAL study to be socio-culturally inappropriate. Second, submit a review of Perpres No. 51/2014 which is the "culprit" of the Benoa Bay reclamation discourse. Third, encourage the cancellation of Perpres No. 51/2014 to end the Benoa Bay reclamation polemic.

Research on Evaluation Index of Energy Efficiency Design of Multi-level Sports Complex Based on Synergistic Effect

Transforming the single-storey large space of traditional sports buildings into vertical extension space of multi-level venues, the multi-level sports complex achieves efficient use of resources by introducing a combination of recreation and social functions. Analyzing the key design points of the cascade-type gymnasium based on relevant criteria and standards of evaluating sports buildings, this paper establishes a multi-layer evaluation system to achieve synergistic energy efficiency design. It also provides a reference for expanding the efficient design of sports complexes.

On issue of justification for implementation of construction project of sports complex for residential district tura in city of Tyumen

The basic principles of implementing the projects of construction of sports facilities are stated in the article, the necessity of application of the project documentation of reuse is proved. The authors list the purposes and tasks of the Government of the Tyumen region for improving the quality of people existence in the region and consider laws, concepts and programs of development of the Tyumen region and the city of Tyumen. The advantages of public-private partnership are defined, the standard project of a sports complex which will form the basis for updating the offered business idea is presented. The land plot for implementing the construction project of a sports complex is presented. In the article the possible consequences of non-compliance with standards at design of sports constructions are also briefly described. In addition, the authors note the importance of analyzing all possible sources of the generation of profit and need of the maximum optimization of construction cost for the purpose of reducing a payback period of the project.

Research on the Market Area of Sports Complex by using Time Sensitivity Measurement

Research on the Market Area of Sports Complex by using Time Sensitivity Measurement

MAIN FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FORMATION OF THE SPORTS COMPLEX OF THE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

The current state of physical culture and sports in Ukraine is in a poor state. In particular, according to statistics, the percentage of population's involvement in physical education and sports is only about 10%. In such circumstances, physical education of youth becomes important. Especially, the physical education of university students, because the process of physical education in the university can be considered as one of the main boundaries for the formation in the young generation of conscious and motivated attitude to physical culture and sports. As a consequence, the importance of universities sports complexes is increasing. However, many researchers have noted the poor state of the national network of sports complexes of universities, where there is a need for a more detailed study of the design and reconstruction of this structural element of the educational institution. For a better understanding of the process of formation and further functioning of sports complexes in the network of higher education institutions, it is appropriate to familiarize with the main factors that influence them. The conducted researches allow to reveal a number of such factors. Although most of these factors are relevant for all types of buildings and structures, there are a number of distinct factors that are specific to the sports complexes of the universities. In particular, characteristic for the university sports complex factor of formation is the peculiarities of the state physical education system, which determine: the volume of loads; the variety of sports available for learning; division of visitors into three categories; the need to organize the continuous operation of sports spaces. Of particular importance are modern trends in physical education. Experts note the significant role of the motivational ability of the sports environment of the educational institution in the formation of healthy lifestyle of students. The application of the environment approach in the formation of a sports complex is proposed. The article also presents and considers a number of other factors, including: urban, natural and climatic, ecological, architectural and planning, three-dimensional, engineering, socio-economic factors. The impact of the profile of higher education institutions is also considered. The analysis of the factors in the article and their consideration in the design, reconstruction and modernization of sports complexes of universities will allow to form the most optimal solution of the complex, which will meet the needs of the educational process and will have considerable efficiency.

Архитектурно-планировочные принципы организации финес-центров

The article focuses on the increased interest in the sport among professionals and others engaged in fitness. It is obvious that major international sports events and support by state programs have given impetus to the construction of new sports complexes in Russia. Requirements for the design and construction of sports facilities are changing; attention is paid to the application of environmentally innovative solutions and meeting the requirements of modern consumers. However, in Russia there is no document that meets the modern requirements of designing fitness centers. The authors of the study analyze the international experience in designing fitness facilities. As a result, the developed composition of the functional zones is revealed, with the development of additional related services, the use of the adjacent territory, taking into account the requirements of MGN and compliance with "green" standards. It has been determined that in fitness facilities the main functional zones, additional functional zones, auxiliary, public, commercial and service zones are distinguished. A generalization of various factors made it possible to formulate the basic architectural and planning principles for organizing fitness centers: this is the principle of accessibility, the principle of social targeting, the principle of multifunctionality, the principle of transformation, the principle of ergonomics, the principle of natural integration, the principle of manufacturability and the principle of environmental safety. In the result, the conclusion about the necessity of developing a new typology of fitness centers that meet the needs of the modern consumer is made to meet the principles of sustainable development, the principles of energy efficiency and progressive change in the architecture of cities with new sports facilities. In addition, the advanced principles can be used for drawing up of normative base and to be applied in course and real design.

Geological investigation and monitoring of Ramhlun Sports Complex landslide, Aizawl, India

Ramhlun Sports Complex is situated at the eastern limb of Aizawl anticline, Mizoram. Landslide took place in August 2012 which badly affected 16 houses. Due to presence of tension cracks, 38 houses are vacated within a safe time, but dismantled and 10 buildings are collapsed in August 2013. This affected 195 persons of 41 families. A geological investigation was performed; representative soil samples are analyzed as Atterberg’s limits, CBR (California bearing ratio), OMC (optimum moisture content) and MDD (maximum dry density), respectively. Instrumentations and monitoring of the movement using crackmeter and tape extensometer also done for two years. The CBR and MDD values are too low as compared to the safety standards, while moisture content is too high. This may show that the movement and erosion rate may be high. The movement was relatively high when rainfall increases. It was observed that, the area is not suitable and unsafe for settlement; constructions of road/ pavement are not recommended.

Elective Course as a Means of Forming a Sports Life Style of Students: Physical Culture and Sports

Improving the quality of higher education in Russia necessitates its organization on the basis of modern approaches, including those affecting the field of physical education, upbringing, development and rehabilitation of students. It has long been proven that the basis of human life, his labor activity, achievements, longevity and success is his health. It, in turn, depends on socio-economic, sanitary-hygienic, material, technical, environmental conditions, as well as on the lifestyle of the person himself, his nutrition, on the healthcare system in the country, on the education of the person, and most importantly - on his level physical activity. The healing effect of various physical exercises is that the working muscles are closely interconnected with the human nervous system, its metabolism and the work of internal organs. Based on this, the article substantiates the role of elective courses in physical culture and sport in the educational and cognitive activities of students as the main tool for shaping a sports lifestyle, the need for active physical activity. The basis of elective courses in physical education and sports, the main purpose of which is to strengthen sports-oriented physical education, is to take into account the interests and needs of students involved in the optional sports complex of the educational organization in sports sections. The ability to choose the type of sporting activity and the lack of a form of control as an academic unit significantly increased the positive attitude of students to basic physical education classes.