Splenic Hydatidosis Research Articles

Minimally invasive spleen-preserving surgery to treat primary splenic hydatidosis: short and long-term outcomes: a cohort study.

Primary splenic hydatidosis, a rare manifestation of Echinococcus granulosus infection, presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study compares spleen-preserving surgeries with total splenectomy for treating primary splenic hydatid cysts, focusing on short- and long-term outcomes in the Jordanian context, a region particularly affected by this condition. This retrospective analysis was conducted on 18 patients diagnosed with primary splenic hydatid cysts at two Jordanian hospitals from January 2015 to June 2021. Selection criteria included confirmed diagnosis and complete medical records. Surgical approaches, including laparoscopic partial splenectomy, cystectomy, and cyst deroofing, supplemented by albendazole therapy, were compared based on patient demographics, symptoms, surgical details, complications, and recurrence rates. The study group was composed of (n=7, 38.9%) male and (n=11, 61.1%) female patients, with an average age of 33.7 years. Most presented with left upper quadrant pain. Postoperative complications occurred in 22% of patients, with an 11% recurrence rate during follow-up. No significant statistical difference in recurrence rates was observed between spleen-preserving surgeries and total splenectomy. These findings highlight the efficacy of less invasive, spleen-preserving techniques in managing primary splenic hydatidosis, showing comparable outcomes to total splenectomy with minimal impact on recurrence rates. Spleen-preserving surgery offers a viable alternative to total splenectomy in treating primary splenic hydatid cysts. This approach maintains immune functionality and reduces septic risks, especially in pediatric patients. The study underscores the importance of individualized treatment approaches and suggests further research with larger cohorts for more comprehensive insights into managing this rare condition. The limitations of this study include its small sample size and retrospective nature.

Hidatidosis esplénica única

Hydatid disease is an endemic parasitosis in Argentina. The liver and lungs are the organs more commonly affected, but isolated splenic involvement is rare. The aim of this study is to report two cases of isolated splenic hydatid disease. The diagnosis was suspected by epidemiology and imaging tests. The serologic tests were negative in both cases. Surgical management was decided and both patients underwent laparoscopic total splenectomy. This disease should be suspected in endemic areas in the presence of splenic cysts despite negative serologic tests. Total splenectomy prevents local recurrence and complications associated with the residual cavity. The laparoscopic approach is preferred as it results in a shorter length of hospital stay and fewer abdominal wall complications.

A splenic hydatid cyst in young female: a case report

Splenic hydatid disease is a rare kind of hydatid disease, accounting for less than 8% of cases in humans. Here we present a case of 23 years old female patient came to hospital with chief complaints of pain radiating to left quadrant in the last 2 years and cough with sputum and nausea and admitted in the hospital for further evaluation. CT chest shows cystic mass in the left hypochondrium lateral to the stomach compressing the stomach, later did CT abdomen which clearly indicates the spleen is enlarged in size with well-defined hypodense non enhancing unilocular cystic lesion measuring 13×13×11 cm (CC×AP×TR) in the upper and mid poles.

Extrahepatic and extrapulmonary hydatid cysts as primary lesions

Background: Hydatid cyst disease, caused by the larval stage of the parasite Echinococcus granulosus, commonly affects the liver and lungs but can also manifest in various extrahepatic and extrapulmonary locations. Splenic hydatid disease, despite being rare, is the third most common location. This paper presents a case series highlighting the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies for patients with extrahepatic and extrapulmonary hydatid cysts. Several studies already postulated on sites of hydatid cysts which have statistically significant results. Methods: Patients who were operated on for hydatid disease or cystic lesions, which were later diagnosed as hydatid disease, between September 2022-August 2023 were retrieved retrospectively. Patients with lesions localized outside the liver and the lung as well as in liver and lung were enrolled in the study. Fifty-Two patients with extra-hepatic primary hydatid disease were treated surgically at our clinic. The cysts were located in different part of body. Results has undergone statistical methods like Z-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Any patient of any gender admitted with diagnosis of hydatid cyst in any part of body with age >18 but less than 70 years irrespective of any comorbidities. Results: Surgical techniques like partial or total cystectomy with or without tube drainage are good option for management of extrahepatic and extrapulmonary primary hydatid cysts. There were no complications or mortality in the postoperative period. Hydatid cyst is considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions, especially in endemic areas. Surgical technique planned according to the location of the cyst. Conclusions: Cystectomy is a surgical option in extrahepatic and extrapulmonary hydatid cyst which is evaluate better in this study.

Laparoscopic Surgery of an Isolated Splenic Hydatid Cyst in a 43- Year- Old Man: A Case Report

Introduction: Hydatid disease is a type of parasitic disease mainly affect the lungs and the liver and splenic hydatid cyst is a rare disease. We hereby present a rare case of splenic hydatid disease. Case report: A 43-years-old man with a history of left upper quadrant pain (LUQ) pain, anorexia, weakness, and weight loss was admitted to the surgery department in Iran. The imaging studies showed a cystic mass in the gastro-splenic ligament extending up to below the left diaphragm with adhesion to the spleen capsule and the fundus of the stomach caused focal elevation of this part of the diaphragm. A laparoscopic surgery was performed and splenic hydatid cyst with adhesion to the stomach and the left lobe of the liver and with penetration into the left hemi thorax was observed. Splenectomy, hepatectomy of the left segment of the liver, repair of diaphragmatic defect and stomach release was done. Conclusion: Splenic hydatid cyst surgery can be difficult and requires appropriate diagnostic evaluations and examination for adhesions and invasion to other organs.

Giant non-parasitic splenic cyst: a case report

BackgroundSplenic cysts are quite rare and asymptomatic. They may result from infection by a parasite, especially Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid cyst), or from non-parasitic causes. Since primary splenic cysts are not common, simple cysts can be misdiagnosed with a hydatid cyst in endemic areas.Case presentationWe reported a 14-year-old Iranian girl initially presented with a vague abdominal pain, which progressed to left shoulder pain, fullness, early satiety, and shortness of breath and remained undiagnosed for 7 months despite seeking medical attention. Finally, imaging revealed a massive splenic cyst measuring 220 mm × 150 mm × 160 mm raising concern for a hydatid cyst due to regional endemicity. Consequently, the patient underwent total splenectomy. However, histopathological examination surprisingly revealed a simple non-parasitic cyst.ConclusionsDetecting rare simple spleen cysts requires early ultrasonography (US) and careful reassessment of diagnoses for non-responsive or worsening symptoms. Distinguishing them from splenic hydatidosis, especially in endemic areas, demands thorough paraclinical evaluations and patient history regarding potential parasitic exposure. While total splenectomy is the primary treatment for these huge cysts, the optimal surgical approach should be tailored case by case. These insights emphasize a comprehensive diagnostic approach to enhance accuracy and optimize patient care for these uncommon cysts.

Primary Splenic Hydatid Cyst: Case Report

The rarity of splenic hydatid disease poses a challenge for clinicians, particularly in non-endemic areas. As the hydatid cyst can present as a simple cyst without having the classical symptoms and later can lead to life-threatening complications; Serology and featuring images are necessary for the diagnosis. The treatment is mainly surgical with, in particular the total splenectomy In this article, we report a case of Hydatic cyst of spleen treated at the Department of Visceral Surgery of the Hospital ibn tofail CHU Mohammad VI Marrakesh.

PERCUTANEOUS ASPIRATION-INJECTION-REASPIRATION (PAIR) THERAPY FOR SOLITARY SPLENIC HYDATID CYST: A CASE REPORT AND CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Splenic hydatidosis is a rare disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. Here, we report a case of a 68-year-old patient with a single splenic hydatid cyst, discovered incidentally on an ultrasound. The patient presented with left upper quadrant pain, but was otherwise asymptomatic. Imaging studies confirmed the diagnosis of a 13.7 x 14.3 x 11.6 cm splenic hydatid cyst. The patient underwent a puncture-aspiration-injection and reaspiration (PAIR) procedure with scolicidal agents and drainage, which confirmed the presence of viable scolex. The patient was then treated with albendazole, which led to a significant clinical and radiological improvement.

Isolated echinococcal infection of the spleen: a rare case report

Echinococciasis is a zoonotic infection observed in almost every anatomic location in the body. The liver and lungs are the most frequent sites of infection. However, spleen involvement is rare, and isolated splenic hydatid disease is even less common. Herein, we report a case of isolated splenic hydatid cyst without any tissue involvement that was treated with the classical surgical approach.

A case of isolated multiple hydatid cysts of spleen

Isolated splenic hydatid disease is an extremely rare entity accounting for less than 3% of the total incidence of Echinococcosis. We present a case of 26yr female presenting with pain in the left hypochondrium and low-grade fever. CECT abdomen showed three loculated lesions in spleen features suggestive of hydatid cysts. She underwent splenectomy with a specimen that showed multiple splenic hydatid cysts. This case report highlights the rare presentation of isolated multiple hydatid cysts of the spleen and its successful diagnosis and treatment.

Spleen-sparing excision of giant splenic hydatid cyst

Splenic echinococcosis is a rare disease even in endemic regions such as the Mediterranean. The organs most involved are the liver and the lungs. However, other organs can be affected, such as the spleen. To our knowledge, primary involvement of the spleen is very rare, and a few cases of splenic hydatidosis (SHD) isolated in children have been reported. Splenectomy used to be the reference treatment, but it is now being questioned, first by the current trend towards conservative surgery, especially for a benign pathology and by the knowledge of postoperative complications. We report a case of a giant hydatid cyst of the spleen that underwent conservative surgery in the department of pediatric surgery at HabibThameur Hospital in Tunis. A 9-year-old girl, without any notable pathological history, coming from a rural environment with notion of contact with animals, who consulted for isolated recurrent abdominal pain evolving since six months. The examination showed a soft, painless abdomen with amarked splenomegaly. In view of a pauci-symptomatic clinical picture, a negative hydatic serology, a chest X-ray without abnormalities and the results of the ultrasound and abdominal computed tomography, the diagnostic of epidermoid cyst of the spleen was the most likely, especially with the primary location. Intraoperative findings did not match epidermal cyst and hydatic cyst was suspected. The puncture of the cyst brought back a clear liquid “rock water”. The “PAIR” technique with pericystectomy and epiploplasty was performed. Anatomopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. The postoperative course was uneventful. The diagnosis of splenic hydatidosis must be evoked ahead of any cyst of the spleen especially in endemic countries. The choice of surgical technique is controversial. In children, conservative surgery is always preferable and is currently recommended by most authors.

Literature review- Primary splenic hydatidosis

Aim: Cystic lesions in Spleen are common, but a hydatid cyst is uncommon. No doubt, the occurrence of hydatid disease has decreased due to handwashing after contact with canine species, vigorous washing & cooking of vegetables before eating, and stoppage feeding the slaughtered animal’s guts to dogs. Its incidence at unusual sites is about 8-10%. These uncommon sites are Spleen, psoas muscle, pelvic cavity, peritoneum, mesentery, brain, kidneys, bones, muscles and soft tissues. Primary extrahepatic hydatid cysts are uncommon, and primary splenic hydatid cyst (SHC) is even more so. Hydatid disease of the Spleen is known since 1790 as endorsed by Berlot and is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Materials and Methods: Discussed below is a literature review focusing on the epidemiology, pathology, clinical presentation, investigations, treatment and follow up modalities of splenic-hydatidosis. Results: Our literature review examines dissimilar articles published on this topic and sum up the data obtained. Conclusion: The incidence of splenic involvement by hydatid cysts in relation to the rest of the abdominal viscera is very low and is about 0.5 to 4% of all cases of hydatidosis. Man is an accidental intermediate and end-stage host in its life cycle. Splenectomy (open and laparoscopic) was the gold standard treatment for splenic hydatidosis as medical therapy seems ineffective. However, the last two decades have shown a leaning towards splenic conservative surgery in suitable cases to reduce opportunistic post-splenectomy infection (OPSI). Keywords: Hydatid cyst, Spleen, Echinococcus granulosus, Splenic conservative surgery.

Splenic hydatidosis. Results of a series of consecutive cases undergoing surgery

Splenic echinococcosis (SE) is usually an asymptomatic disease whose diagnosis is made incidentally. To determine postoperative morbidity (POM) and recurrence in patients who underwent surgery for SE. Case series with follow-up, of patients with SE operated on, consecutively, between 2000 and 2018. The outcome variables were POM and recurrence. Other variables of interest were diameter and location of the cyst, type of surgery, surgical time, hospital stay, and mortality. The patients were followed up clinically and with images for a minimum of 18 months. Descriptive statistics were used, with measures of central tendency and dispersion. Twenty-six patients (53.8% men), with a median age of 41.5 years, underwent surgery in this period. The medians of cysts diameter, surgical time and hospital stay were 14.5 cm, 65 min, and 4.5 days respectively. POM was 11.5% (3 cases). There was no mortality. With a median follow-up of 94 months, a recurrence of 3.8% was verified. Verified results, in terms of POM, mortality and recurrence are appropriate in comparison with those of series of similar size and follow-up.

A Patient with Chronic Lumbar Pain Diagnosed as Giant Calcified Splenic Hydatid Cyst

Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease, caused by Echinococcus Granulosus, mostly found in sheep rearing area of the world but not commonly found in our country. Hydatid disease commonly affects the liver and less frequently the lungs and other organs. Among them splenic hydatid disease has been reported to be 0.5-4%. Here we report a case of a giant calcified splenic hydatid cyst presented with only chronic lumbar pain. A 45 year old female presented with left lumbar pain for the last 1 year. She had no other complaint. She had no pet dog or sheep at home. Physical examination showed no abnormality. A computerized scan revealed a mass in the spleen with round calcification at its margin measuring 7.56×7.96 cm in diameters. Indirect haemagglutination (IHA) for hydatid disease test was negative. Complete blood count, renal and liver function tests were within the normal limit. The patient was clinically diagnosed as splenic hydatid disease and managed by splenectomy after proper immunization. There was a hard calcified mass involving almost whole of the spleen, only thin rim of splenic tissue was present in superior surface. The rest of the abdominal organs including the liver were normal. Total splenectomy was done. Post operative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged on 12th post operative day. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of hydatid disease. The patient was followed up for two years without any further development of hydatosis in any organ. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 46-49

A case of spleen hydatid cyst

The hydatid cyst of the spleen results from the development of the hydatid worm Echinococcus granulosus, in the splenic parenchyma. Humans are the accidental intermediate host in the development cycle of hydatid disease. Splenic involvement is the third most common location after the liver and lung. Echography and sometimes tomography are needed to confirm the diagnosis. In the absence of truly effective medical treatment, splenic hydatidosis often leads to surgery. Resection of the protruding dome is the treatment of choice due to low morbidity and absence of mortality. We report the case of 27 years old, with no particular medico-surgical history, referred to our hospital for the treatment of a splenic hydatid cyst discovered fortuitously during a radiological assessment. The patient was operated by laparoscopy. The treatment consisted of sterilization of the contents of the cyst with hydrogen peroxide, removal of the contents and resection of the salient dome, the results were unremarkable.

Isolated primary splenic hydatidosis: Series of four cases radiological and pathological evaluation

Primary extrahepatic hydatid cysts are rare, and primary splenic hydatid cysts are even more rare, constituting 2% to 4% of all hydatid cysts [1, 2]. Liver is the commonest site of involvement by the hydatid disease followed by lungs. Other rare sites include kidney, spleen, bone, thyroid, breast, pancreas, heart and muscles. The larval form of the genus Echinococcus granulosus most commonly causes hydatid disease. The infestation of the spleen usually occurs through arterial route after the parasite has passed through hepatic and pulmonary filters. The retrograde venous route is also considered. In cases of cystic splenic lesions, hydatid disease should be always be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Splenic hydatidosis with abdominal pain – a rare presentation in a developing nation

Introduction. Primary extrahepatic hydatid cysts are rare, and primary splenic hydatid cysts even rarer. Splenic hydatidosis constitutes 2% to 3.5% of all hydatid cysts. Aim. To present a case report of splenic hydatidosis with abdominal pain. Description of the case. We report here a case of isolated splenic hydatid cysts in a 23 year old female, who presented with dull dragging pain in the left hypochondrium. Diagnosis was made on computed tomography imaging of the abdomen and microscopic examination of the laminated hydatid cyst wall and supplemented with positive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for hydatid antibodies. Conclusion. The incidence of splenic involvement by hydatid cysts is very low. Man is an accidental intermediate host, as entry of the larval forms into humans represents an end stage in its life cycle. Until recently the gold standard treatment for splenic hydatidosis was splenectomy, as medical therapy seems to be ineffective. However, the last two decades have shown a tendency towards splenic conservative surgery in suitable cases, to reduce opportunistic post splenectomy infection.

Primary splenic hydatidosis: a case report

We herein report a case of primary splenic hydatidosis to provide data regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and epidemiological statistics of this disease. The patient was from a pastoral area and was diagnosed with primary splenic hydatidosis with chronic atrophic gastritis. The patient had no history of surgical treatment of hydatidosis. The diagnosis was mainly based on possible exposure to endemic areas, imaging findings, serological test results, and operative and pathological examination findings. Laparoscopic splenectomy was performed, and regular albendazole therapy was given after the operation. The patient was admitted to the hospital for gastrointestinal bleeding 3 months postoperatively, and she was successfully treated and discharged. No recurrence of hydatid foci has been observed since the follow-up.

Primary splenic hydatidosis

Hydatid disease is becoming a public health problem in Nepal. Majority of the patients have hydatidosis of liver and lungs. Primary splenic hydatidosis is rare. The clinical presentation of primary splenic hydatidosis is similar to other cystic splenic pathologies. It presents with slow growing, dull aching left upper quadrant abdominal lump. Ultrasonography and computed tomography scans are helpful in diagnosis. We report a 36 years lady with primary splenic hydatidosis, who successfully underwent open en bloc resection of hydatid cyst along with total splenectomy.

Esplenectomía laparoscópica por quiste hidatídico primario de bazo

Objective: Describe a case report of a hydatid splenic cyst of one year of evolution, treated by laparoscopy. Materials and Methods: A 36-year-old woman with left upper quadrant pain for 1 year. The topographic study showed a 67mm splenic cystic lesion. Laparoscopic splenectomy was performed without incident. Result: Favorable post-operative evolution. Histology compatible with splenic hydatidosis. Discussion: The incidence of splenic hydatidosis is low, even in endemic areas, approaching 1-2%. Surgery is the therapeutic strategy of choice, given the risks of rupture. However, there is no consensus regarding the technique. Conclusion: Laparoscopic splenectomy is a safe procedure supported by the literature.