Nickel Ferrite Spinel Research Articles

Spinel nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) materials synthesized via spray-pyrolysis for electrochemical supercapacitor application

To explore potential applications of NiFe2O4-based supercapacitors in various energy storage systems, including portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and grid energy storage, highlighting the advantages and challenges of using NiFe2O4 in these applications. To identify and propose future research directions for further improving the performance of NiFe2O4 supercapacitors. In the study focuses on optimizing concentration of synthesis to achieve desirable structural and electrochemical properties, characterizing the synthesized materials, and assessing their specific capacitance, energy density, power density, cycle stability, and rate capability. The different molar precursor solutions were utilized for the formation of NiFe2O4 thin films by using the cost-effective spray pyrolysis technique. The impact of different molarities on the structural, morphological, elemental, optical, and charge storage performance of NiFe2O4 thin films has been studied. In the XRD studies identified the cubic crystalline structure with Fd-3 m space group symmetry of NiFe2O4. The FE-SEM shows the grain-like surface morphology of NiFe2O4 thin films. The EDAX study reveals that NiFe2O4 thin films were stoichiometric. Bandgap energy values of the thin films were observed in the range of 1.97 to 2.2 eV with allowed direct band gap transitions. The maximum specific capacitance for NiFe2O4 thin film was found to be 707 Fg−1 at 2 mVs−1 with the wider potential window of − 0.8 to + 1 .6 V in 1 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. GCD study confirms the pseudocapacitive behavior of NiFe2O4 thin films. The maximum specific energy and specific power were found to be 83.88 WhKg−1 and 5.294 KWkg−1 at a current density of 0.002 Ag−1. Such as spinel ferrite NiFe2O4 thin film electrodes as an excellent candidate material for electrochemical supercapacitor applications.

Synthesis of spinel Nickel Ferrite (NiFe2O4)/CNT electrocatalyst for ethylene glycol oxidation in alkaline medium

Nickel-iron-based spinel oxide was prepared and supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes to enhance the electrochemical oxidation of ethylene glycol in an alkaline medium. NiFe2O4 was prepared using facile sol-gel techniques. Then the prepared material was characterized using different bulk and surface techniques like powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmitted electron microscope (TEM). Different electrodes of NiFe2O4/CNT ratios were prepared to find out the optimum spinel oxide/CNT ratio. The activity of the metal spinel oxides composite was characterized toward ethylene glycol conversion by different electrochemical techniques like cyclic voltammetry (CV), Chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The modified electrode reached an oxidation current of 43 mA cm−2 in a solution of 1.0 M ethylene glycol and 1.0 M NaOH. Furthermore, some kinetics parameters (like diffusion coefficient, and rate constant) were calculated to evaluate the catalytic performance. Additionally, the electrode showed extreme stability for long-term ethylene glycol oxidation.

Enhanced dielectric properties of copper substituted nickel ferrite nanoparticles for energy storage applications

In this study, it was aimed to obtain copper-substituted nickel ferrite nanoparticles, which are advantageous for use in energy storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors that provide high energy storage capability with their high dielectric behavior, by co-precipitation method. Nickel ferrite nanoparticles in the form of CuxNi1-xFe2O4 containing copper substitution at ratios for x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 were synthesized. X-ray diffraction Method (XRD) was used to analyze the spinel structure, the purity phase, and the crystalline size of the nanoparticles. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy were also performed to investigate the particle size, morphological distribution, and the functional groups of the samples. The structural analyses confirmed the successfully produced single-phase pure cubic spinel nickel ferrite and copper-substituted nickel ferrites with nanometer-scale particle distribution. The Impedance Spectroscopy technique was used for the characterization of the dielectric properties of the samples. Frequency-dependent complex dielectric, impedance, modulus, and alternating current (AC) conductivity mechanisms of the copper-doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles (CuxNi1-xFe2O4) were determined. The results showed that copper-induced nickel ferrite nanoparticles display a promising dielectric material consisting of grains and grain boundaries which are confirmed by Maxwell-Wagner interface-type polarization, which is in agreement with Koop's theory. Furthermore, a remarkable enhancement is obtained on the dielectric parameters of copper-induced nickel ferrites for x = 0.2, and it is seen that this is a critical value on the doping ratio. In addition, the dielectric parameters decreased between x = 0.2–0.8 ratios but still showed higher values than pure nickel ferrites, confirming that nickel ferrites have a tunable dielectric behavior depending on the stoichiometric copper doping ratios. Therefore, this may make them a promising dielectric medium for further studies in various electronic device applications.

Spinel Nickel Ferrite on Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Porous Carbon as a Robust Faradaic Electrode for Enhanced Flow Capacitive Deionization

Spinel Nickel Ferrite on Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Porous Carbon as a Robust Faradaic Electrode for Enhanced Flow Capacitive Deionization

Metal Organic Framework Derived Spinel Nickel‐Ferrites Employing Reduced Graphene Oxide Template for Supercapacitor and Photocatalytic Dye Degradation

AbstractSpinel oxides from transition metals are the most crucial components for producing supercapacitive electrodes and photocatalytic semiconductor materials. However poor electrical conductivity and restricted specific energy of these materials are two main drawbacks for energy storage applications. This investigation used reduced graphene oxide templated spinel nickel ferrites nanoparticles (RGO@SNFs), synthesized using Fe2Ni MIL‐88 MOF via hydrothermal conditions followed by a pyrolysis process. The structural properties and morphology of the hybrid are characterized through several methods, including XRD, FTIR, BET‐PSD, and FESEM. Superconducting electrochemical studies such as Galvano static charge‐discharge, impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry are carried out on a hybrid electrode to examine the impact of the RGO template on SNF nanoparticles. This electrode may be an alluring choice for supercapacitor applications because of its capacitance 115 F/g and retention rate of approximately 95 % following 2000 cycles. Additionally, a model dye degradation process utilizing Rhodamine B (RhB) was used to examine the photodegradation action of these materials. The designed catalyst also represents excellent photo‐degradation activity toward RhB, and seventy‐five minutes of sun light were enough to destroy about 99 % of the dye.

Effect of moringa oleifera with pure and Zn-doped Mn and Ni nanoferrites for hyperthermia applications

Nanoferrites like spinel manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) and inverse spinel nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) have an efficient heating deportment to the destruction of neoplasm. The incorporation of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf extracts with magnetic nanoparticles as heat mediators is an effective approach for treating magnetic hyperthermia. This study investigated the potential heating behavior of bare, Zn-doped MnFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with Moringa oleifera leaf extracts as magnetic hyperthermia agents. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed the spherical-like morphology of MnFe2O4 NPs with no impurities in the EDX spectra. X-ray diffraction spectra confirmed the cubic spinel and inverse spinel structure for MnFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 NPs, respectively. Magnetic properties of the prepared nanoferrites exhibit low coercivity values (in the range of 13–18 Oe representing superparamagnetic behavior. Further, the binding energies of the prepared nanoferrites were revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effective magnetic anisotropy constant (Keff) was calculated to be around 3.9–5.9 kJ/m3 by electron spin resonance. An increased specific surface area (120.69 m2/g) and wider porosity (17.053 nm) were observed for MnFe2O4/MO NPs through Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Thermal properties were investigated by measuring the effective specific absorption rate in an alternating magnetic field ranging from 23 to 31 * 10−9 W/g Oe2 Hz. Results indicated that the green synthesized MnFe2O4/MO NPs are promising agents for magnetic hyperthermia applications in cancer therapy.

Introducing phosphorus into spinel nickel ferrite to enhance lattice oxygen participation towards water oxidation electrocatalysis

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) restricts the efficiency of overall water splitting due to its complex transfer process and sluggish intrinsic kinetics. The novel lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism (LOM) could lift the theoretical scaling limits of the traditional adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM), but increasing the participation of lattice oxygen still remains a great challenge. Herein, we introduce phosphorus into spinel nickel ferrite as electrocatalyst with an overpotential of 264 mV at 10 mA cm−2 towards water oxidation. Experimental results confirm the enhanced participation of lattice oxygen for OER in P-NiFe2O4. Further theoretical modelling reveals that the incorporated phosphorus results in an upshift of O 2p band center relative to Fermi level and enhances hybridization of the metal-oxygen bond, thus facilitating LOM and accelerating the OER process on spinel NiFe2O4. This work provides some deep insights into the OER mechanism and a sound strategy for improving the electrocatalytic activity of spinel oxides.

Visible Light as a Promising Signal Amplification Tool for the Efficient Electrochemical Detection of Azithromycin Antibiotic by Using Photoactive Spinel Nickel Ferrite Nanoflakes

An efficient photoactive spinel NiFe2O4 nanoflakes (NFO NFs) was successfully prepared and integrated into an electrochemical sensor for the sensitive determination of Azithromycin (AZM) under visible light illumination. With the introduction of 532 nm laser illumination, NFO NFs could be easily excited and induce the charge-separation state with electrons in the conduction band and holes in the valence band. Upon illumination, the low band gap value in combination with edge-to-flat-surface/edge-to-edge conjunctions of NFO NFs could form the electron transfer pathway for transferring photogenerated electron-hole pairs to the AZM analyte-NFO electrode interface. Hence, the fabricated visible light-assisted NFO-based electrochemical sensor shows remarkable enhanced analytical performance, with calculated values of electron transfer rate constant, adsorption capacity, diffusion coefficient, and catalytic rate constant under visible light illumination of 1.29, 1.27, 2.08, and 3.40 times higher than in the dark condition, respectively. As a result, the NFO-based electrochemical sensing platform in the presence of visible light illumination possessed a high electrochemical sensitivity of 0.070 μA μM−1 in a wide linear dynamic range of 2.5–150 μM and a detection limit of 1.67 μM and also exhibited excellent anti-interference ability, repeatability, storage stability, reproducibility, and practical feasibility for AZM detection in pharmaceutical tablets.

Recyclable magnetic nickel ferrite–carboxymethyl cellulose–sodium alginate bio-composite for efficient removal of nickel ion from water

In waste water treatment, magnetic bio-composites are frequently investigated as an adsorbent recently due to their great capacity for adsorption and affordability. In this current work, an attempt has been made to develop spinel nickel ferrite–carboxymethyl cellulose (NiFCMC) composite and modified its surface by alginate polymer to form NiFCMC–Alg composite. Several techniques were utilized to characterize these adsorbents including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, vibration sample magnetometry and pH of point zero charge. These adsorbents were explored to check their potentiality to remove Ni (II) ions in aqueous medium on various parameters such as contact time, initial metal ion concentration, pH, adsorbent dose and temperature. The optimum time for establishment of equilibrium was 180 minutes at pH 8 with adsorbent dose of 0.1 g. Results of kinetic studies revealed that the best fit for the metal ion adsorption data was the Lagergren pseudo-second-order mode indicating the chemisorption nature. Likewise, the Langmuir isotherm model also showed good agreement with adsorption equilibrium data with maximum adsorption capacities 47.84 ± 2.39 and 60.24 ± 3.01 mg/g for NiFCMC and NiFCMC–Alg respectively. The calculated adsorption thermodynamic parameters confirmed the spontaneous nature of adsorption process. The regeneration efficiency of both adsorbents was studied for five cycles and showed significant results. This study has shown that NiFCMC and NiFCMC–Alg can be a good substitute for removing Ni (II) ions in aqueous medium.

Deterioration of structural integrity and ferromagnetic transformation due to the emergence of traces of Alpha-hematite (α-Fe2O3) secondary phase in magnesia-enriched nickel ferrite spinel nanoparticles

MgNi ferrite nanoparticles were prepared successfully via wet sol-gel route using the nitrates of proposed elements i.e. Mg, Ni and iron were used as precursors with citric acid as fuel. The prepared materials were annealed at a temperature of 900∘C to achieve the best properties. To know structural, morphological, elastic and magnetic properties, the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), FTIR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results of XRD, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy patterns are indicative of formation of ferrite nanoparticles and the structural studies confirm the inverse-spinel structure with crystallite size 35–61 nm. The formation of spinel ferrite structure is confirmed by absorption bands corresponds to vibration of tetrahedral site-A and by absorption bands corresponds to the octahedral site-B. Crystallite size calculations were carried out using WilliamFson-Hall plot. Rietveld refinement was applied to assure the crystal structure and allied parameters. The magnetic analysis of the prepared samples was carried out by VSM indicates that the nanoparticles exhibited superparamagnetic behavior having high magnetic saturation (MS) and negligible coercivity (HC). The elastic and magnetic properties through absorption bands found degraded at higher magnesium compositions.

The selective site occupation, structural and thermal stability of high entropy (CoCrFeMnNi)3O4 spinel

The selective site occupation may occur in high entropy spinel oxide (HESO), which is essential for the structural and thermal stability. A single-phase (Co0.2Cr0.2Fe0.2Mn0.2Ni0.2)3 O4 was therefore investigated to reveal its high stability in a wide temperature from room temperature to 1400°C in air/nitrogen. Characteristic features and DFT calculations proved the derived structural model, [Fe0.5Co0.5]Td [Co0.1Fe0.1Cr0.6Mn0.6Ni0.6]Oh O4, which highlighted the selective site occupation in HESO. The real structure presented here provides an alternate viewpoint on the cationic arrangement in HESO, which presented low crystal field stable energy value (−25.74 Dq) and low formation energy (−5.884 eV/atom). The HESO exhibited a low weight loss of 1.68 wt% at 1400 °C in nitrogen, which was 42.86 % lower than nickel ferrite spinel. No precipitation or decomposition was observed in the single-phase HESO in air. However, since the Gibbs free energy change of possible precipitation reactions of NiO and CoO oxides were negative below 1594 K, the precipitation of rock-salt phase close to (NiCo)1-δ could be observed in nitrogen due to oxygen deficiency.

Magnetic Behavior of Virgin and Lithiated NiFe2O4 Nanoparticles

A series of virgin and lithia-doped Ni ferrites was synthesized using egg-white-mediated combustion. Characterization of the investigated ferrites was performed using several techniques, specifically, X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). XRD-based structural parameters were determined. A closer look at these characteristics reveals that lithia doping enhanced the nickel ferrite lattice constant (a), unit cell volume (V), stress (ε), microstrain (σ), and dislocation density (δ). It also enhanced the separation between magnetic ions (LA and LB), ionic radii (rA, rB), and bond lengths (A-O and B-O) between tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) locations. Furthermore, it enhanced the X-ray density (Dx) and crystallite size (d) of random spinel nickel ferrite displaying opposing patterns of behavior. FTIR-based functional groups of random spinel nickel ferrite were determined. HRTEM-based morphological properties of the synthesized ferrite were investigated. These characteristics of NiFe2O4 particles, such as their size, shape, and crystallinity, demonstrate that these manufactured particles are present at the nanoscale and that lithia doping caused shape modification of the particles. Additionally, the prepared ferrite’s surface area and total pore volume marginally increased after being treated with lithia, depending on the visibility of the grain boundaries. Last, but not least, as the dopant content was increased through a variety of methods, the magnetization of virgin nickel ferrite fell with a corresponding increase in coercivity. Uniaxial anisotropy, rather than cubic anisotropy, and antisite and cation excess defects developed in virgin and lithia-doped nickel ferrites because the squareness ratio (Mr/Ms) was less than 0.5. Small squareness values strongly recommend using the assessed ferrites in high-frequency applications.

Evolution of lattice defects in nickel ferrite spinel: Oxygen vacancy and cation substitution

Oxygen deficiency is a common phenomenon in the sintering process of nickel ferrite spinel, and has a significant impact on the properties of the NiFe 2 O 4 sintered body. This work investigated the effects of oxygen deficiency on the evolution of the lattice defects in spinel crystal. The oxygen deficiency led to the generation of a non-stoichiometric nickel ferrite containing oxygen vacancies (NiFe 2 O 4- δ ). As the sintering temperature increased from 1150 °C to 1400 °C, the concentration of oxygen vacancies in NiFe 2 O 4-δ increased, with a δ value increasing from 0.0014 to 0.0355 and a lattice parameter increasing from 8.3485 to 8.3567 Å. X-ray photoelectron (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy all showed that the crystal structure of NiFe 2 O 4- δ belonged to the Fd3m space group with Fe 2+ ions partially replacing Fe 3+ in the octahedral sites. Furthermore, a tendency for NiFe 2 O 4- δ to decompose to Ni alloy and Fe 3 O 4 during sintering could be observed. • Validation of the oxygen deficiency phenomenon during sintering. • Investigation of the effects of oxygen deficiency on microstructure. • Verification of the evolution mechanism of lattice defects.

Influence of fuel nature on sol–gel microwave-ignited combustion synthesis of nanosized cobalt and nickel spinel ferrites

CoFe 2 O 4 and NiFe 2 O 4 spinel ferrites were obtained by microwave-assisted sol–gel combustion synthesis using three different types of chelating/combustion agents: maleic acid, citric acid, and urea. The nanomaterials produced were characterized from the structural, morphological, textural, and magnetic viewpoints. The spinel ferrites prepared were employed as adsorbents for the removal of Orange-II dye from synthetic wastewaters. The nickel ferrite sample prepared using urea as fuel exhibited distinctive properties such as the smallest crystallite size and the highest specific surface area. Likewise, this material was the most efficient for the adsorption of the organic pollutant (50.32 mg/g) from aqueous solutions. CoFe 2 O 4 et NiFe 2 O 4 ont été obtenues par voie sol–gel combustion assistée par micro-ondes en utilisant trois agents de chélation/combustion : l’acide maléique, l’acide citrique et l’urée. Les nanomatériaux produits ont été caractérisés en suivant leur structure, morphologie, texture et propriétés magnétique. Les ferrites spinelles produites ont été utilisées comme adsorbants pour Orange-II des eaux usées synthétiques. L’échantillon de ferrite de nickel préparé en utilisant de l’urée comme combustible présentait des propriétés distinctives telles que la plus petite taille de cristallite et la plus grande surface spécifique. De plus, ce matériau était le plus efficace pour l’adsorption du polluant organique (50.32 mg/g).

Spinel Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles Supported on a 1T/2H Mixed-Phase MoS2 Heterostructured Composite as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reactions

Spinel Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles Supported on a 1T/2H Mixed-Phase MoS₂ Heterostructured Composite as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reactions

Palladium decorated nickel and zinc ferrite spinel nanoparticles applied in aniline synthesis – development of magnetic catalysts

Aniline is one of the most important chemical in the polyurethane industry and it is produced by the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. The development of novel, multifunctional catalysts, which are easily recoverable from the reaction mixture is therefore of paramount importance. Transition metal-containing ferrites decorated with palladium were prepared by using a combination of sonochemical and combustion steps. First of all, magnetic ferrites were produced to be used in catalyst preparation as supports for palladium nanoparticles. On the surface of the ferrite particles palladium nanoparticles were deposited by applying ultrahigh sonication in an alcoholic phase. All in all, three magnetic catalysts, Pd/NiFe2O4, Pd/ZnFe2O4, and Pd/NiZnFeO4 have been created. The catalysts have been tested and their activity have been compared in nitrobenzene hydrogenation to synthesize aniline at four different temperatures, and 20 bar pressure. The most active catalysts were the Pd/ZnFe2O4 and Pd/NiZnFeO4 systems with which aniline yields of 99.2 and 92.8 n/n% were achieved after 3 h of hydrogenation, respectively. In contrast, by applying the Pd/NiFe2O4 catalyst, a significantly lower aniline yield was achieved. It was proved that, due to their magnetic properties, the prepared catalysts are easily removable from the reaction medium by using a magnetic field. Thus, catalysts with excellent properties have been successfully developed and tested in nitrobenzene hydrogenation.

Photocatalytic dye degradation using nickel ferrite spinel and its nanocomposite.

Coloured wastewater is a major issue of today for human health and ecology. Among all available processes such as physical, chemical, biological and electrochemical methods, photocatalysis can be a promising solution because of its ability to degrade colour-causing compounds completely by converting them into simpler molecules (H2O, CO2) depending on dye structure. In this work, NiFe2O4was synthesized by the co-precipitation method. Furthermore, the composites of NiFe2O4 with TiO2 were synthesized by varying amounts of TiO2. The spinel and composites were characterized by XRD, ZETA analysis and UV-DRS. Their photocatalytic activities were investigated using the photocatalyticdegradation ofreactive turquoise blue 21 (RB 21)dye as model pollutants under sunlight.The increased absorption of the visible light and the enhanced separation of the electron-hole pairs due to the relative energy band positions in NiFe2O4 and TiO2 are considered as the main advantages.Our results showed that NiFe2O4-based nanocomposites could be used as an effective and magnetic retrievable photocatalyst.

Enhanced optical, magnetic, and photocatalytic activity of Mg2+ substituted NiFe2O4 spinel nanoparticles

Magnesium doped nickel ferrite spinel nanostructured were prepared using a microwave combustion method. The structural characterization by XRD analyses confirmed that undoped NiFe2O4 showed a single phase cubic spinel structure. However, with increasing Mg2+ concentration in the range 0.1 to 0.5 induced the crystallization of secondary α-Fe2O3 phase. The cubic nanostructured exhibited an average crystallite size between 20 and 35 nm. The presence of tensile/compressive strain in Mg2+ doped NiFe2O4 was determined from Williamson–Hall (W–H) method. The appearance of FT-IR bands at around 435, 459, and 581 cm−1, characteristics of spinel cubic and rhombohedral stretching modes. The optical band gap as determined by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) decreases with increasing Mg2+ content due to the quantum confinement effect. Surface morphology showed nanosized crystalline grains agglomerated with spherical shapes and energy dispersive X-ray analyses was used to examine the elemental composition of the Mg2+ doped NiFe2O4 spinel nanoparticles and confirmed the presence of nickel, magnesium, iron and oxygen elements. Magnetization–Field (M − H) hysteresis curves revealed the appearance of ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. The as-fabricated Mg2+ doped NiFe2O4 spinel nanostructures were evaluated for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B under visible light irradiation for atmospheric conditions. When a small amount of H2O2 was added during photocatalysis, indicating the samples possessed photo-Fenton like catalytic activity. This type of spinel nanoparticles behaves as an efficient catalyst with high efficiency around above 99%.

Structural, electro-chemical and conduction mechanism in spinel NiFe2O4/NFO supercapacitor electrode material

In the present work we have synthesized spinel nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4/NFO) nanoparticles by hydrothermal route using urea as basic medium. The prepared material was structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Raman spectroscopy and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structural analysis result clears that formation of single-phase nano structure of NFO system with particle size ∼23 nm. The electrical properties were examined in terms of impedance, relaxation mechanism and activation energy. Simultaneously the conductivity spectrum was analyzed in terms of hopping mechanism. Due to the increase of frequency exponent (n) with respect to temperature, the results are discussed using non overlapping small polaron tunneling (NSPT) model. In addition, NFO nanoparticle exhibits noble electrochemical behavior through a specific capacitance value of 560 Fg-1 in 3 M solution. The estimated optical band gap energy from the UV–visible spectrum for direct transition (n = 2) is found to be 2.5eV. In brief the present work gives useful guidance for preparing the NFO sample for energy storage and multifunctional device applications.

Evolution of Lattice Defects During Sintering of Nickel Ferrite Spinel: Oxygen Vacancy and Cation Substitution

Evolution of Lattice Defects During Sintering of Nickel Ferrite Spinel: Oxygen Vacancy and Cation Substitution