Sphere Of Production Research Articles

Analysis of the efficiency of suburban passenger transportation on the Lviv railway sections

A developed transport system ensures the population's needs in safe movement and guarantees stable functioning and development of the production sphere. Despite being consistently unprofitable, suburban transportation by railway remains attractive for many population categories. The developed railway network, the low cost of transportation, and the capacity reserve of most sections partially compensate for the existing shortcomings and contribute to further development and open new prospects for attracting additional users of transport services. The main problems of suburban passenger transport, which worsen the quality of the services provided and affect the competitiveness of railway suburban transport compared to other modes of transport, are examined in this article. During the analysis of the schedule of suburban trains departing and arriving at the Lviv station, irrational management decisions were found that left room for improvement. In addition, the load factor of rolling stock on the routes Lviv-Sambir-Sianky and Sianky-Sambir-Lviv was determined, and it dropped to 40% during the follow-up, which indicates inefficient use of rolling stock. The ratio of the time the train stays at the stops to the total duration of the route in suburban traffic is also calculated. The time on the road for the Sambir- Stryi route was 69%, and the technical speed was only 21.7 km/h. The results obtained in the article are also typical for many other monitoring areas, indicating this problem's repeatability. The positive experience of European countries in solving similar problems allows us to react correctly to the situation and take short-term measures to change the dynamics to a positive one without additional time losses. It is also worth noting that a set of measures to improve the services provided to passengers must be carried out according to the requirements of the Technical Specifications for Interoperability, which must be ensured upon joining the European Union. Further investigations should analyze the flow of passengers at all stations and stopping points to identify the main points of creating passenger flow on researching routes.

Mujeres en el espacio marino Relaciones de género y división sexual del trabajo durante el ciclo pesquero industrial en las costas tarapaqueñas en el Norte de Chile (1950-1990)

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar las relaciones género y la división sexual del trabajo en el contexto de industrialización de la pesca en el puerto de Iquique, situado en la zona norte de Chile, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Para ello, se revisaron fuentes bibliográficas y documentales, además de llevar a cabo entrevistas en profundidad a informantes claves de la zona. Los resultados evidencian cómo se articula la agencia que, mediante estrategias de resistencias, tensionan las estructuras de dominación en un espacio laboral marcado por jerarquizaciones entre los géneros. Este fenómeno se visualiza en la transición que realizan las mujeres desde el ámbito privado (familiar) al espacio público de producción, dando lugar a una serie de transformaciones en la representación de los roles de género que se desarrollan en el espacio vinculado a la pesca, tanto artesanal como industrial.

ПОДХОДЫ К ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЮ РИСК-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОЙ И ТУРБУЛЕНТНОЙ ВНЕШНЕЙ СРЕДЫ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЗЕРНОВОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА)

In the modern Russian socio-economic system, there is an objective increase in uncertainty and turbulence, which requires adequate management responses. In connection with the sanctions pressure, in agriculture the strategy of reducing the risks of import dependence is becoming a stimulating factor for development. The study was conducted on the example of grain production development, which has some specifics from the standpoint of management and, in particular, risk management. The purpose of the study is to generalize approaches to risk management in an uncertain and turbulent external environment and to develop on this basis a risk distribution scheme between management entities in the risk management system adapted to the specifics of grain production. It is shown that the increase in the values of economic indicators of grain production is influenced by natural and climatic conditions, they determine the quality of grain products, costs and the complex of applied agrotechnological measures. In addition to the observed "standard" variability of natural and climatic conditions, the study also identifies extreme risk events that require forecasting and consideration when managing grain production. Also, risks in the considered sphere are caused by diversity and interdependence of such factors as natural and climatic, soil, technological, economic, social, legal, etc. In their mutual interweaving, these factors determine annual fluctuations of economic indicators (yield, gross harvest, sown area) in grain production in Russia. As a result of the study, it was established that risk management procedures in the sphere of grain production should be carried out according to the hierarchical principle with the allocation of at least two levels: the coordinating level - the executive level. Based on this idea, an industry structural and functional model of risk management at various levels of decision-making has been developed. This model has the property of dualism: some levels are simultaneously coordinating, offering strategic solutions to lower levels, and executive - for higher structures. Implementation of the developed model in the practice of risk management in grain production will increase its sustainability and predictability.

ПОДХОДЫ К ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЮ РИСК-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОЙ И ТУРБУЛЕНТНОЙ ВНЕШНЕЙ СРЕДЫ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЗЕРНОВОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА)

In the modern Russian socio-economic system, there is an objective increase in uncertainty and turbulence, which requires adequate management responses. In connection with the sanctions pressure, in agriculture the strategy of reducing the risks of import dependence is becoming a stimulating factor for development. The study was conducted on the example of grain production development, which has some specifics from the standpoint of management and, in particular, risk management. The purpose of the study is to generalize approaches to risk management in an uncertain and turbulent external environment and to develop on this basis a risk distribution scheme between management entities in the risk management system adapted to the specifics of grain production. It is shown that the increase in the values of economic indicators of grain production is influenced by natural and climatic conditions, they determine the quality of grain products, costs and the complex of applied agrotechnological measures. In addition to the observed "standard" variability of natural and climatic conditions, the study also identifies extreme risk events that require forecasting and consideration when managing grain production. Also, risks in the considered sphere are caused by diversity and interdependence of such factors as natural and climatic, soil, technological, economic, social, legal, etc. In their mutual interweaving, these factors determine annual fluctuations of economic indicators (yield, gross harvest, sown area) in grain production in Russia. As a result of the study, it was established that risk management procedures in the sphere of grain production should be carried out according to the hierarchical principle with the allocation of at least two levels: the coordinating level - the executive level. Based on this idea, an industry structural and functional model of risk management at various levels of decision-making has been developed. This model has the property of dualism: some levels are simultaneously coordinating, offering strategic solutions to lower levels, and executive - for higher structures. Implementation of the developed model in the practice of risk management in grain production will increase its sustainability and predictability.

Can the Two Karls – Karl Polanyi and Karl Marx Meet? A Critical Examination of Chinese Vocational Education, Internship Regimes, and Labor Forms

Can the two Karls – Karl Polanyi and Karl Marx meet? Sociological debates tend to provide a negative answer and prioritize Karl Polanyi in current education and labor studies. This article poses an alternative approach by examining how the commodification of human life, the central postulation of Karl Polanyi, can be bridged into Karl Marx’s labor process theory where different forms of commodified student-labor will eventually end up in the production sphere, producing variegated internship and labor regimes. Using China’s vast vocational education system as an anchor to ground the theoretical dialogue, I contribute not only to raising an intellectual puzzle, but disclosing complex school-to-work phenomena that internship regimes, namely, the dual-despotic, market despotic or hegemonic, shapes the world’s largest young working class. By studying the complex configuration of the student-labor regimes, I argue that commodification process of human life could hardly escape the class perspective, as Karl Polanyi put it.

World practice of wheat flour classification

The paper presents a review of wheat classification accepted in various countries — producers of wheat and products of its processing (USA, Canada, Italy, France, Germany, China and others). Much attention is given to differences in the classification systems. Criteria for assigning wheat to certain classes based on physical and chemical properties of grain are examined. Differences in wheat classification by types, including morphological features and merits of grain such as size, color and gluten content, are highlighted. The authors discuss specific requirements and norms of wheat quality dictated by the regulatory authorities and requirements of the market of each country such as the mass fraction of moisture, content of impurities, density of grain and others. Based on the analysis of wheat classification in various world countries, it has been concluded that it is necessary to establish unified and generally accepted systems of wheat classification. This will allow simplifying international grain trade, make the market more transparent, strengthen trust between exporting and importing countries and will also facilitate the development of the international cooperation in the sphere of production and processing of wheat flour. Despite the wide assortment of flour confectionery products on the Russian market, baker’s flour of general purpose is mainly produced in the country. Its specific feature is a high content of flour from hard wheat varieties that are distinguished by higher protein content, strong gluten and large particle size. By its properties, this flour is not suitable for production of most flour confectionery products. Flour confectionery products produced from it are significantly inferior to import analogues in terms of their quality characteristics, which reduces their competitiveness. This dictates the need for the development of a standard for flour intended for production of confectionery products, which will include physico-chemical indicators for various flour types with consideration for their purpose.

Theoretical Approaches to the Regulation of Bioeconomy

The development of science and technology, as well as the introduction of innovations into the production sphere, have led to the emergence of such a phenomenon as the bioeconomy. At the present time, there is no versatile definition of the concept of bioeconomy either at the national level or at the level of interstate integration associations and international organizations. To analyze the key features of the concept of bioeconomy and to identify the main approaches to the essence of this phenomenon. This is important for the understanding of directions of development of the regulatory environment in relation to bioeconomy in the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the definitions of the concept of bioeconomy at the level of the International Advisory Council on Bioeconomy (IACB), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the European Union (EU), and individual states. The author examines a range of approaches to regulating bioeconomy. The research is based on formal-logical, dogmatic methods, the comparison method and the axiological approach. The paper presents approaches to the concept of bioeconomy as a phenomenon. The author analyzes how bioeconomy relates to the circular economy (closed-loop economy) and the linear (traditional) economy. The article presents a range of approaches to the regulation of bioeconomy through the lens of proactive law and proposes a mechanism for its regulation with the help of a symbiotic regulator. The main elements of such a reg ulator are referred to in the article. They include normative regulation, the presence of ef fectively functioning organizational structures, and properly functioning processes of interaction between organizational structures and entities. The author examines a regulation method entitled ‘ethical licensing’, highlights its advantages and disadvantages, and gives recommendation on the subsequent use of this method. Due to its complex nature, bioeconomy as a phenomenon requires specific approaches to its regulation.

The hidden abode of artificial intelligence production: Stretching the limits of artificial intelligence ethics and critique

The present article aims to discuss the possibility of including the sphere of artificial intelligence production within the domain of artificial intelligence ethics and investigate its moral implications. In the first section, the role of human labour in the artificial intelligence production processes is considered, with particular reference to the distinction between high-skilled and low-skilled jobs, their differential distribution in the production process itself, and the labour conditions of ghost workers, in order to analyse the main ethical issues emerging within the field. In the second section, some aspects of the existing critical literature concerning artificial intelligence and labour are discussed, focusing on Marxist and decolonial scholarship and more precisely on its lack of consideration of the global value chain through which artificial intelligence AI production processes are structured. Finally, the possibility and limits of an ethics of artificial intelligence production are reconsidered by assuming the centrality of workers’ struggles and agency along artificial intelligence's global value chain.

СУЧАСНІ СТРУКТУРНІ ЗМІНИ В АГРАРНОМУ СЕКТОРІ ТА ЇХ ВПЛИВ НА ПРОДОВОЛЬЧУ БЕЗПЕКУ КРАЇНИ

. In the article, the author examines the evolution of the role of food security, both at the historical stages of development and in the modern world, as well as its place in the system of ensuring economic and national security of the state. The strategic priority of agrarian policy in most countries was ensuring food security, which was understood primarily as self-sufficiency in food. This became especially relevant in the 50s of the XX century as a result of the fact that military actions violated previously imposed trade relations, and violations in this area arose under the influence of the payment crisis. The purpose of the article is an analysis of modern structural changes in the agricultural sector and their impact on the country's food security. The methodological basis of the research in the article is the scientific work of the authors in the field of economics of culture, innovation management, management in the field of culture, as well as social partnership. The research was carried out on the basis of general scientific methods of research - a systematic approach, analysis and synthesis, methods of typological and comparative analysis, empirical methods. The object of the study is the sphere of culture, which needs conditions in which organizational and financial reforms are carried out, as well as the development and application of innovative management methods. The hypothesis of the study. Currently, all developed countries of the world, including the United States, Japan, and the EU countries, have their own national programs, laws and measures to ensure national food security. Presentation of the main material. The primary tasks of the state in the sphere of regulation of agro-industrial production should be the stabilization and development of agro-industrial production, ensuring food security, improving food security of the population, maintaining economic parity between agriculture and other sectors of the economy, converging income levels of workers in agriculture and industry, protecting domestic producers in the sphere of agro-industrial production. From the point of view of welfare economics, "the problem of food safety and quality is one of the specific features of the functioning of the agricultural market, which determine its equilibrium in a Pareto inefficient state. This, in turn, is the economic basis for the need for state policy intervention in the agricultural sector and the possibility of redistributing the financial resources of society for its development. The originality and practical significance of the study. In our opinion, the existing problem of food security should be considered in the context of economic security, since it concentrates the main directions of agricultural policy and economic reforms in the current market conditions. This process reflects the real trends in the development of agricultural production, the state of the market and the position of consumers in it, determines the degree of involvement and dependence on the world food market, applies the mechanism of state strategy taking into account internal and external factors in order to create the main life support system – food security. Conclusions. Taking into account the interests of economic security and socio-political stability in society, it should be noted that the food and agricultural complexes always remain the most important sectors of the economy. The primary task is to create conditions for economic management and entrepreneurial stability in the agro-food sector of the economy and to ensure state support for producers

Development and activation of the innovative potential of the Russian economy: regional features, structural priorities, levels of implementation

Relevance. The idea of developing and implementing innovative solutions in various spheres of society implies the existence of ways to find such solutions, their active use and improvement. For this reason, the essence of innovative thinking on the scale of both a single enterprise and the state as a whole requires appropriate provision.The purpose of the research is a comprehensive analysis of the chronological cross-section of the level of innovative development of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the context of multiple global economic and political crises and the internal activation of strategic innovative trends in the formats of lawmaking and modernization.Objectives. To achieve this goal, within the framework of this study, the current legislative situation regarding the state's innovation policy and its projected consequences were considered; the factors of growth in the level of innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation in the context of statistical dominants were studied; the complex results of regional innovation activity and the all-Russian state of the innovative sphere of development, production, export and import of goods and services were analyzed.Methodology. The methodological basis of this study is the method of chronological extrapolation analysis of trends with constant adjustment in conditions of the selective nature of the analytical data bank; in addition, a theoretical generalization of the indexed result and a priori trend forecasting within the observation period are used.Results. The general principles of the innovation segment development are the same for the whole state, but their applicability in different regions depends on the degree of their convergence with border territorial entities — the basis of the innovation development strategy is the assessment of regional potential in the sum of all indicators. Nevertheless, there is always the possibility of finding a thematic statistical trend.Conclusions. It is fundamentally important for the innovative development of the state to take into account the specifics of each individual region. With all the variety of means and methods of innovative development at all levels of management, priority is given to only a few. In this case, rating systems are an auxiliary element of management structures.

Methodology for assessing the effectiveness of innovations, robotization and automation in the automotive industry

The current trend in the automotive industry confirms that innovation and process automation are increasingly helping the industry’s development and economic growth. In addition to the digitalisation of society, new technologies are also being actively developed. The economic development of a country is inextricably linked to the development of process innovation, process automation and robotisation. In this paper, the theoretical background of innovation approaches in the automotive industry and performance evaluation methodologies have been discussed. Industrial robots and robotic technological complexes, which are universally used in industry, have existed for about 50 years and at the present moment of time replace humans and displace them from the sphere of production to the sphere of services and control. To ensure balanced economic development, the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan closely monitors the main economic sectors and endeavours to support domestic manufacturers in every possible way. The automobile industry is no exception. The purpose of this article is to conduct a brief theoretical review of the state of the automobile industry, as well as to study foreign experience. We have studied the methodology of economic efficiency assessment. The study showed that innovation, robotisation and automation undoubtedly lead to the economic development of both regions and the country as a whole.

Planning’s ecologies: Democratic planning in the age of planetary crises

The idea of planning has reappeared as an object of interest for critical research on post-capitalist organizational futures. This article offers a critical review of the emerging scholarship on planning, with reference to historical and contemporary precursors to democratic planning. Building on this review, the article develops a critical political ecology of planning that situates planning thought and practice within the matrix of the oikos. This encompasses not only the sphere of production and commodity exchange, but also the household of reproductive labor and the planetary household of the natural world. In this way, it is argued that democratic planning is indispensable for generating the forms of collective intelligibility and power needed to heal the metabolic relations of society and nature. By reimagining and reframing planning, the article aims to expand “the archive” of social imaginaries, as part of broader efforts to envision and develop more desirable organizational futures.

Rural development: the basis for the realization of agrarian policy

Among the problems currently existing in the regions of Kazakhstan is the increasing outflow of able-bodied population from rural areas and localization in the suburban zone of cities. The aim- is to identify the causes of deterioration of the demographic situation in rural settlements (RS) and to develop recommendations for stabilization of the rural economy in the West Kazakhstan region. Methods - retrospective when obtaining data for past periods of time, comparative analysis - to compare the information obtained, on the basis of economic and statistical method the selection and analysis of statistical indicators of the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan, used information from scientific institutions, official sources, defined absolute and relative parameters, average values. Results - it is shown that the main factors of degradation of most rural areas of Western Kazakhstan are the lack of a clear vision of the role and place of rural residents and rural areas in the socio-economic development of the republic, weakening of state regulation in the sectors of agriculture. Conclusions - the prospects for building the capacity of rural areas of the West Kazakhstan region is associated with a number of interrelated problems that need to be solved as soon as possible, primarily modernization of social and technical infrastructure, increasing the motivation of the economically active part of the rural population in mastering new knowledge and technologies, which will increase labor income and effective demand of rural residents for goods and services. The study indicates that in rural areas the situation with investment and expansion of small business activities is ambiguous. It is necessary to emphasize the small business entities in the sphere of agrarian production and the formation of social facilities - housing, catering enterprises, social and cultural facilities, education, pre-school education, sports and recreational facilities. This author's position provides for the possibility of forming greater investment attractiveness and attracting extra-budgetary sources of financing. Elimination of environmental barriers will require improvement of the current regulatory and legal framework.

Additive Optimization Method for Choosing CNC Machines for Technological Preparation of Machine-Building Production

The introduction of Industry 4.0 into the technological preparation of production leads to the optimization of processes, including the processes of selecting equipment and tools, reducing cycle time, and reducing costs. Technological preparation of production involves a set of works that make it possible to start manufacturing a new product in a given volume. Features of technological preparation of production when using CNC machines follow from the fact that a significant part of the work from the sphere of direct production is transferred to the area of its technological preparation. Technological preparation of production plays an important role in the successful functioning of a machine-building enterprise. Optimization of equipment selection allows you to increase productivity, reduce costs and improve product quality. The use of modern optimization methods and information technology allows you to make this process more efficient and accurate. The article provides a methodology for calculating the additive criterion for optimizing the selection of the best option for CNC machines.

Study of directions of unification of technology transfer in ukraine with the regulation of the European Union

Problem setting. In modern economic conditions, the key to effective economic development of any country is the development of the production sphere of the national economy. At the same time, its level depends on the penetration of knowledge-intensive, advanced and breakthrough technologies. Most economically developed countries even implement integrated state policies aimed at stimulating and scaling technology transfer processes. Thanks to this, the number of those technologies that are implemented in the sphere of public production increases, and the share of highly competitive products increases significantly. The economic system of Ukraine is no exception to this rule. Thus, since 2006, Ukraine has had a special official document the Law of Ukraine “On State Regulation of Activities in the Field of Technology Transfer”. Its main task is to determine the requirements of how the state (in the form of authorized bodies) will contribute to the scaling process of technology transfer. The course announced by Ukraine for joining the European Union (hereinafter referred to as “the EU”) imposes on it special obligations regarding the unification of regulatory approaches to the identification of technology transfer with EU requirements. The specified situation determines, on the one hand, the relevance of scientific research on this topic, and places on scientists the task of forming relevant proposals. It is science that should shape them and determine effective directions, methods and forms of unification of the principles of functioning of Ukraine with EU requirements and thereby stabilize and intensify the transfer of technologies. Purpose of research is to develop methods and techniques for unifying the regulatory approach to defining the essence of technology transfer in Ukraine with the requirements of the European Union. This will make it possible to formulate recommendations for the Ukrainian public authorities when they implement managerial decisions within the framework of the State technology policy and form the basis for proposals for amending its national regulatory acts. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following interrelated tasks: (1) to analyze the state of regulatory support for technology transfer under EU law; (2) to study the state of regulatory support for technology transfer under Ukrainian law; (3) to formulate proposals on the main directions of unification of legal regulation of technology transfer under Ukrainian law with the requirements of EU law. Analysis of recent research and publications. An analysis of recent research and publications on the topic shows that many scholars have considered the general issues of state intervention in the national economy. The problem of the essence of technology transfer has been studied both at the level of independent economic systems and within international organizational entities. Article’s main body. The object of this research is a set of regulatory methods and techniques for determining the content and essence of such a category as technology transfer. Both the requirements of Ukraine and the regulatory approaches of the European Union are studied. The analysis and generalization of the existing world and international approaches to the identification of the essence of technology transfer established that they are not unified among themselves and differ significantly from each other. It has been proven that this does not meet the needs of technology transfer participants and does not meet the strategic goals of Ukraine’s development. The expediency of expanding the existing concept of determining the essence of technology transfer defined in Ukraine is substantiated. Recommendations on directions for the unification of regulatory approaches to the definition of technology transfer with the European Union have been formed. The need to amend the provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On State Regulation of Activities in the Field of Technology Transfer” in order to bring it into line with the requirements of the European Union has been proven. Conclusions and prospects for development. It was determined that the current legislation of Ukraine contains a narrower approach to determining the essence of technology transfer. Recommendations on the unification of the requirements of Ukraine with the requirements of the EU, on the issue of identification of technology transfer, have been formed. The expediency of expanding the forms of technology transfer is substantiated by supplementing them with the following: – Transfer of technology during the implementation of special interstate defense and industrial programs. – Transfer of technology within the framework of grant funding and cooperation. – Transfer of technology during the implementation of public procurement. – Transfer of technology as a contribution to the integral property complex (statutory or accumulated capital) of economic entities. – Transfer of technology during the creation of startups.

Making valuable energy: Public forums, municipal futures, and infrastructural pathways

This article analyzes public discussions and engagements with Philadelphia’s energy system to highlight the degrees of tension between diverse ethical frames and energy-based strategies of value production. Looking at three different instances and genres of energy-transition planning and expression, we argue that any such tensions or alignments turn on the specific units, categories, and scales of analysis used to construct and understand them. Our first section investigates the spatial and temporal frames of “energy security” embedded in Philadelphia’s infrastructure improvement plan, showing how the meaning and political purchase of the concept of “security” changes across quotidian and infrastructural timescales and across the spatial scale of the household, city, state, and the nation. Section two considers the categories with which the City framed its study of potential decarbonization scenarios, pointing towards the way this schema produced its own seemingly intractable ethical and economic impasses. The third and final section looks at the way diverse members of the public successfully de- and re-constructed the study’s categories, scales, and units of analysis, successfully undermining the study’s “grid of intelligibility” and replacing it with their own more equity-centered alternative. Across these three ethnographic engagements, this article brings the anthropologies of ethics and value together in a novel way, showing their mediated entanglement with and within the sphere of public knowledge production. This, we argue, illustrates the seemingly mundane scalar choices that deeply inform our ethical frames and that, in the end, ultimately allow us to make energy valuable.

A Critical Review on the Advancements in Exploration and Production of Shale Gas

The exploration and production of shale gas have seen significant advancements in recent years, driven by the increasing global demand for clean energy sources. These advancements encompass the understanding of a wide range of areas, including the formation theory of shale gas reservoirs, evaluation methods, well drilling, completion, and simulation techniques. Innovative design, modelling, and field practices have been developed for shale gas well drilling and completion, as well as its production techniques. Furthermore, new simulation techniques, software, algorithms, and other tools have been introduced to improve the modelling and simulation of shale gas production. Experimental and simulation research in shale gas exploration, development, and production using hydraulic fracturing has also seen considerable progress. These advancements are contributing significantly to the global demand for clean energy sources with a promise to achieve sustainable development goals. This review work explores the exploration and exploitation of shale gas with a detailed description of multidisciplinary research efforts, providing valuable insights into shale reservoir/rock characterization and geo-mechanics, fluid-surface interactions, gas adsorption behaviours and single- and multi-phase flow mechanics. These advancements are not only increasing the efficiency and productivity of shale gas extraction but also paving the way to meet the future global energy demand while also contributing to the goal of achieving net-zero carbon emissions. The novelty of the review work is that it exhibits a combined qualitative and quantitative study of recent advancements in the sphere of exploration and production of shale gas reserves and its discoveries around the globe.

SOCIOLOGY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

This article is due to bibliographic research and aims to ask the questions about the socialization of children in early childhood education and, more specifically, to understand aspects of the social construction of the so -called “student craft” at this level of education. It was intended to unravel the relationships involving early childhood education, families, children and their socialization. Starting from the assumption that there is currently a tendency in society to anticipate the schooling of the child and that this is related to both the transformations of the senses of childhood and “being a child” and specific social conditions, such as forms of family configuration , the division of labor between the sexes, the role of women and their place in the sphere of production, as well as the properly economic pressures about families. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in the interface of childhood sociology with the sociology of education. Thus, it was possible to highlight their commitments to awaken in children early attitudes of discipline and certain habits and knowledge to prepare it for the school and social “future”.

IMPROVED DECISION-MAKING ALGORITHM FOR THE REDEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AREAS

Raising of problem. As a result of the financial and economic crisis, many industrial enterprises have ceased operations or significantly reduced production volumes due to the shrinking markets for their products, which is accompanied by destructive processes and phenomena. In a dynamic competitive environment, some enterprises have outdated and worn-out fixed assets, their products are not in demand, their premises are leased, large areas are covered with waste and harmful substances that are environmentally hazardous, low technological level of production, weak scientific and technical sphere, and reduced supply of labour resources. Therefore, ensuring sustainable development of Ukraine is impossible without solving the problems of restructuring and qualitative renewal of industrial production, reconstruction of degraded urban areas occupied by abandoned buildings and structures of industrial enterprises. Thus, there is an objective need to increase the level of profitability of land development by justifying alternative land use options: demolition of degraded industrial enterprises and construction of new facilities or reconstruction of industrial buildings and structures with a change of functional purpose. However, there is currently no unified approach to building an information model of the decision-making process for the reconstruction of industrial enterprises with a change in their functional purpose. Translated with DeepL.com (free version). Purpose of the aricle. To develop an improved decision-making algorithm for the reconstruction of mining enterprises with a change in functional purpose. Conclusion. The decision-making algorithm for the reconstruction of industrial enterprises with a change in functional purpose, which ensures the receipt of substantiated values of technical and economic indicators of such projects, depending on the available initial information about the object and the conditions of production of works, and also provides the possibility of specifying the values indicators of the effectiveness of managerial decisions at different stages of the life cycle, thanks to the adjustment of the values of the duration and cost of reconstruction by varying the parameters that are part of the determining factors.

RECONSTRUCTION OF THE SYSTEM OF GREENING TERRITORIES OF THE DNIPRO AREA IN THE MINDS OF FURTHER TRANSFORMATIONS OF EXOGENIC, ENDOGENIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS OF THE OLD DEVELOPMENT

Raising of problem. As a result of the financial and economic crisis, many industrial enterprises have ceased operations or significantly reduced production volumes due to the shrinking markets for their products, which is accompanied by destructive processes and phenomena. In a dynamic competitive environment, some enterprises have outdated and worn-out fixed assets, their products are not in demand, their premises are leased, large areas are covered with waste and harmful substances that are environmentally hazardous, low technological level of production, weak scientific and technical sphere, and reduced supply of labour resources. Therefore, ensuring sustainable development of Ukraine is impossible without solving the problems of restructuring and qualitative renewal of industrial production, reconstruction of degraded urban areas occupied by abandoned buildings and structures of industrial enterprises. Thus, there is an objective need to increase the level of profitability of land development by justifying alternative land use options: demolition of degraded industrial enterprises and construction of new facilities or reconstruction of industrial buildings and structures with a change of functional purpose. However, there is currently no unified approach to building an information model of the decision-making process for the reconstruction of industrial enterprises with a change in their functional purpose. Translated with DeepL.com (free version). Purpose of the aricle. To develop an improved decision-making algorithm for the reconstruction of mining enterprises with a change in functional purpose. Conclusion. The decision-making algorithm for the reconstruction of industrial enterprises with a change in functional purpose, which ensures the receipt of substantiated values of technical and economic indicators of such projects, depending on the available initial information about the object and the conditions of production of works, and also provides the possibility of specifying the values indicators of the effectiveness of managerial decisions at different stages of the life cycle, thanks to the adjustment of the values of the duration and cost of reconstruction by varying the parameters that are part of the determining factors.