Speech Scenes Research Articles

Cenografia, agenciamento e mundo ético na entrevista em Jogo de cena: uma abordagem discursiva

ABSTRACT Among Eduardo Coutinho’s vast production, the documentary Jogo de cena (2007) stands out and is celebrated as being the centerpiece of the filmmaker's filmography, in which the interviews occupy a central place. The purpose of this article is to reflect upon these interviews, discursively, based on: speech scenes put in perspective and in relation to the aesthetic choices and materiality of the documentary; nature of the interviewer-interviewee relationship, marked by the refusal of an “alleged neutrality” and the production of settings, scenographies, and ethical worlds. For this, we articulated basic concepts of Discourse Analysis, as theorized by Dominique Maingueneau, such as interdiscourse, scenography, setting and discursive ethos. The results demonstrate that it is possible to establish a dialogue between Coutinho’s methodological apparatus and concepts of Discourse Analysis. From a mystical aura of his welcoming silence, the interviewer’s respectful and considerate ethos in relation to the characters' speeches can be inferred.

재한 조선족 혐오표현과 타자화 연구: 영화 〈청년경찰〉과 〈범죄도시〉를 중심으로

Chosun-jok (Chinese with Korean heritage) are depicted as strangers and not Koreans in movies released after 2010. Moreover, they are stigmatized as criminals in South Korean society and are being subjected to otherization. Chosun-jok in movies are normally portrayed as a criminal group, and hate speech to them is socially accepted. Using two previous movies, Midnight Runners and The Outlaws, this study reveals that hate speech against Chosun-jok is caused by the desire to solidify the hierarchical status of Koreans in the process of shifting Korean society to a multicultural society. This study analyzes and presents the meaning, context, and ripple effect of hate speech found in these two movies. Furthermore, this study discusses that these expressions are ultimately the product of the distorted nationalism in the consciousness of Koreans and the manifestation of economic superiority. Both Midnight Runners and The Outlaws are Korean films released in 2017 and describe how the Korean police force stops a criminal organization of Chosun-jok. The issues of these two movies are that they establishes a dichotomous structure of “pure Korean police force vs. corrupted Chosun-jok criminals” and “strong Chosun-jok villains vs. stronger Korean heroes.” They strengthen the stereotype of “Chosun-jok=criminals” and the dichotomous conflict composition of “Koreans vs. Chosun-jok” by depicting Chosun-jok as vicious criminals completely different from virtuous Koreans. This study explores Chosun-jok appearing in Korean movies by comparing and analyzing the hate speech scenes of Midnight Runners and The Outlaws.

Zum Aufbruch der Frühmittelaltergermanistik

The article builds on current discussions about the status of the Early Middle Ages German philology and demonstrates on the basis of various thematic areas the research perspectives for the Old High German literature. Along three subject areas (historical narratology, interdisciplinarity, mediation of Old High German in school and college), currently discussed topics such as coherence, speech scenes, figures, sound studies as well as the tradition of early literature are outlined and their relevance is illustrated through selected text examples.

A study on the 'Officiality' and 'Formality' of Korean Speech Scenes

A study on the 'Officiality' and 'Formality' of Korean Speech Scenes

Encoding and communicating navigable speech soundfields

This paper describes a system for encoding and communicating navigable speech soundfields for applications such as immersive audio/visual conferencing, audio surveillance of large spaces and free viewpoint television. The system relies on recording speech soundfields using compact co-incident microphone arrays that are then processed to identify sources and their spatial location using the well-known assumption that speech signals are sparse in the time-frequency domain. A low-delay Direction of Arrival (DOA)-based frequency domain sound source separation approach is proposed that requires only 250 ms of speech signal. Joint compression is achieved through a previously proposed perceptual analysis-by-synthesis spatial audio coding scheme that encodes sources into a mixture signal that can be compressed by a standard speech codec at 32 kbps. By also transmitting side information representing the original spatial location of each source, the received mixtures can be decoded and then flexibly reproduced using loudspeakers at a chosen listening point within a synthesised speech scene. The system was implemented based on this framework for an example application encoding a three-talker navigable speech scene at a total bit rate of 48 kbps. Subjective listening tests were conducted to evaluate the quality of the reproduced speech scenes at a new listening point as compared to a true recording at that point. Results demonstrate the approach successfully encodes multiple spatial speech scenes at low bit rates whilst maintaining perceptual quality in both anechoic and reverberant environments.

How Children With Specific Language Impairment View Social Situations: An Eye Tracking Study

Children with specific language impairment (SLI) face risks for social difficulties. However, the nature and developmental course of these difficulties remain unclear. Gaze behaviors have been studied by using eye tracking among those with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Using this method, we compared the gaze behaviors of children with SLI with those of individuals with ASD and typically developing (TD) children to explore the social perception of children with SLI. The eye gazes of 66 children (16 with SLI, 25 with ASD, and 25 TD) were studied while viewing videos of social interactions. Gaze behaviors were summarized with multidimensional scaling, and participants with similar gaze behaviors were represented proximally in a 2-dimensional plane. The SLI and TD groups each formed a cluster near the center of the multidimensional scaling plane, whereas the ASD group was distributed around the periphery. Frame-by-frame analyses showed that children with SLI and TD children viewed faces in a manner consistent with the story line, but children with ASD devoted less attention to faces and social interactions. During speech scenes, children with SLI were significantly more fixated on the mouth, whereas TD children viewed the eyes and the mouth. Children with SLI viewed social situations in ways similar to those of TD children but different from those of children with ASD. However, children with SLI concentrated on the speaker's mouth, possibly to compensate for audiovisual processing deficits. Because eyes carry important information, this difference may influence the social development of children with SLI.

Effects of imagery ability and speech anxiety on imagery vividness of imaginary of speech scene

Effects of imagery ability and speech anxiety on imagery vividness of imaginary of speech scene were examined. Subjects were divided into four groups in terms of high and low scores of Scale of Mental Imagery-Short Form (SMI-S) and a speech anxiety scale. They imagined themselves in neutral, action and speech scenes. They were asked to rate valence, arousal, and dominance of associated emotion, as well as imagery vividness, of each scene. An SMI-S effect was found on the vividness for neutral and action scenes. For vividness of the speech scene, however, speech anxiety had a stronger effect than imagery ability. The subjects with high speech anxiety significantly decreased imagery vividness, and experienced stronger arousal during imaginary speech. Good-imagery subjects with high speech anxiety reported stronger arousal than poor-imagery subjects. These results suggested that speech anxiety was a major determinant of imagery vividness of imaginary of speech scene.

A Minicomputer Facility for Picture Processing and Pattern Recogniton Research

The laboratory facility for pattern processing and advanced automation research at Purdue University has been specially equipped with hardware and software support for research in picture processing and pattern recognition in general. Fast acquisition and processing of speech signals, pictorial data, and three-dimensional scenes are possible, and the interactive capabilities of the system allow for fast software development.