Spectrum Of Pathogenic Bacteria Research Articles

The Efficiency of Flaxseed Against Cancer and Bacterial Infection

Flaxseed ( Linum usitatissimum) has garnered attention for its potential health benefits , particularly its role in combating colon cancer and bacterial infections . This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which flaxseed exerts its effects and evaluate its overall efficacy. A comprehensive review of existing literature was conducted , alongside laboratory involving in vitro models . The anticancer effects were evaluated using human colon cancer cell lines, while antibacterial properties were tested against a spectrum of pathogenic bacteria. Flaxseed exhibited significant antiproliferative effects on colon cancer cells ,primarily through the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell cycle progression . Key bioactive compounds, such as lignans , omega-3fatty acids, and fiber, were identified as major contributors to these effects. In antibacterial assays, flaxseed demonstrated broad-spectrum activity, inhibiting the growth of several clinically relevant bacteria strains. The presence of lignans and omega-3fatty acids played a crucial role in disrupting bacterial cell walls and interfering with metabolic processes. The findings suggest that flaxseed holds substantial promise as a natural therapeutic agent against colon cancer and bacterial infections. Its dual action , mediated by a complex interplay of bioactive compounds , highlights its potential for inclusion in dietary strategies and development into functional foods or complementary therapies.

Quantum sized blue light emitting ZnO nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications

The synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles via the hydrolysis and condensation method is described in this study. Characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles through X-ray diffraction, optical absorption, photoluminescence, and transmission electron microscopy discloses highly stable particles with an exceptionally small and uniform size distribution, showing a discrete quantum size effect. These nanoparticles show robust blue emission and demonstrate potent antibacterial activity against a spectrum of pathogenic bacteria, making them capable candidates for combating infectious diseases. Additionally, they display noteworthy anti-cancer properties against HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. This dual functionality of the ZnO nanoparticles holds significant promise for the development of affordable therapies in biomedical applications, as well as for potential applications in electronics.

Analysis of the Bacterial Spectrum and Key Clinical Factors of Biliary Tract Infection in Patients with Malignant Obstructive Jaundice after PTCD.

Objective To analyze the bacterial spectrum and key clinical factors associated with biliary tract infections following percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage (PTCD) for malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ). Methods This retrospective study comprised patients with MOJ who were treated with PTCD from 1st June 2016 to 31st December 2020. Patient clinical data, development of postprocedure biliary tract infections, spectrum of pathogenic bacteria, and drug sensitivity were analyzed, focusing on antibiotic drug resistance and identifying key associated risk factors for postoperative biliary tract infections. Results Of the 528 study patients, 80 were diagnosed with postoperative biliary tract infections, 58 of whom had pathogenic bacteria detected in their bile samples. A total of 90 strains of pathogenic bacteria and 3 strains of fungi were detected; the top 4 were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. By univariate analysis, a positive bile culture following PTCD was closely correlated with both the location and degree of preoperative obstruction and the preoperative bilirubin level. Moreover, the results of logistic regression analysis concluded that complete obstruction and a high preoperative total bilirubin level prior to PTCD were independent risk factors for a positive bile culture following PTCD. Conclusion Biliary tract infections following PTCD for MOJ were principally due to Escherichia coli, and bacteria in the bile were statistically more likely to be detected in patients with complete obstruction and high preoperative bilirubin levels.

Pathogens and Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Global Bacterial Keratitis: A Meta-Analysis.

Bacterial keratitis (BK) is the most common type of infectious keratitis. The spectrum of pathogenic bacteria and their susceptibility to antibiotics varied with the different regions. A meta-analysis was conducted to review the global culture rate, distribution, current trends, and drug susceptibility of isolates from BK over the past 20 years (2000–2020). Four databases were searched, and published date was limited between 2000 and 2020. Main key words were “bacterial keratitis”, “culture results” and “drug resistance”. Forty-two studies from twenty-one countries (35 cities) were included for meta-analysis. The overall positive culture rate was 47% (95%CI, 42–52%). Gram-positive cocci were the major type of bacteria (62%), followed by Gram-negative bacilli (30%), Gram-positive bacilli (5%), and Gram-negative cocci (5%). Staphylococcus spp. (41.4%), Pseudomonas spp. (17.0%), Streptococcus spp. (13.1%), Corynebacterium spp. (6.6%) and Moraxella spp. (4.1%) were the most common bacterial organism. The antibiotic resistance pattern analysis revealed that most Gram-positive cocci were susceptive to aminoglycoside (86%), followed by fluoroquinolone (81%) and cephalosporin (79%). Gram-negative bacilli were most sensitive to cephalosporin (96%) and fluoroquinolones (96%), followed by aminoglycoside (92%). In Gram-positive cocci, the susceptibility trends of fluoroquinolones were decreasing since 2010. Clinics should pay attention to the changing trends of pathogen distribution and their drug resistance pattern and should diagnose and choose sensitive antibiotics based on local data.

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study of Plantaricin IIA-1A5, a Bacteriocin Produced by Indonesian Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5.

Plantaricin IIA-1A5 is a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5, a locally isolated probiotic from Indonesia. Plantaricin IIA-1A5 exhibits antibacterial activity against wide spectrum of pathogenic bacteria, thus promising to be applied in various food products. Nevertheless, thermal stability of this bacteriocin remains to be fully investigated. This study aims to determine thermal stability of plantaricin IIA-1A5 through kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. To address, plantaricin IIA-1A5 was purified from Lactobacillus plantarum IIA-1A5, which was growth under whey media, using ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ionexchange chromatography. Purified plantaricin IIA-IA5 was then subjected to analysis of its bacteriocin activity. The thermal inactivation of bacteriocin from L. plantarum IIA-1A5 was calculated by incubating the bacteriocin at different temperatures ranging from 60-80 °C for 30 to 90 min, which was then used to calculate its kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. The result showed the inactivation rates (k-value) were ranging from 0.008 to 0.013 min-1. Heat resistance of plantaricin IIA-1A5 (D-value) at constant heating temperature of 60, 65, 70, 75, and 80 °C were 311.6, 305.9, 294.5, 198.9, and 180.2 min, which indicated a faster inactivation at higher temperatures. D-value sensitivity for temperature changes (z-value) was calculated to be 75.76 °C. Further, thermodynamic analysis suggested that plantaricin IIA-1A5 is thermostable, with activation energy (Ea) of 29.02 kJ mol-1. This result showed that plantaricin IIA-1A5 is considerably more heat-stable than plantaricin members and promises to be applied in food industries where heat treatments are applied. Furthermore, a possible mechanism by which plantaricin IIA-1A5 maintains its stability was also discussed by referring to its thermodynamic parameters.

Have we realized the full potential of β-lactams for treating drug-resistant TB?

β-lactams are the most widely used antibiotics and are effective against a spectrum of pathogenic bacteria. Here, we focus on the state-of-the-art understanding of the molecular underpinnings that determine the overall efficacy of β-lactams against TB and include historical perspectives of this antibiotic class against this ancient disease. We summarize literature that describes why earlier generations of β-lactams are ineffective and the potential promise of newer β-lactams that exhibit improved efficacy against TB. Emerging evidence warrants renewed consideration of newer β-lactams in regimens for treatment of drug-resistant TB. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(9):881-888, 2018.

Pilot-scale studies on the treatment of tannery effluents by electroflotation

A pilot-scale electroflotation system with a treatment capacity of 0.8 m³ per hour has been designed and built. The system is equipped with a conditioning tank, a rectifier, flow meters, an energy meter and pumps. Iron, aluminium and titanium coated with oxides of tantalum, ruthenium and iridium were used as electrodes. The system was installed within the premises of the Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), which receives effluents from nearly 200 tanneries. The effectiveness of electroflotation for the separation of suspended solids, sulphur species, chromium and other chemicals contributing to COD and BOD were studied. The separation of suspended solids and chromium by electroflotation was nearly complete (>95%) and their concentration in the processed samples can be maintained well below the discharge limits. The removal of COD was observed to be 15?20% greater than with conventional chemical coagulation. Furthermore, the entire spectrum of pathogenic bacteria was eliminated to the extent of 99.97% by subjecting the effluent to electroflotation.

Biological Activity of Methyl tert-butyl Ether in Relation to Soil Microorganisms has a Negative Environmental Impact

Fuel oxygenates are added to gasoline to enhance combustion efficiency of automobiles and reduce air pollution. Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is the most commonly used oxygenate because of its low cost, high-octane level and ease of blending with gasoline. However, due to its water solubility, high mobility and low biodegradability it leaches in soil subsurface at the speed of groundwater. Amending gasoline with MTBE has made a widespread contamination of groundwater, surface waters in coastal environments and at low levels in well water. Although current public concern about MTBE contamination is widely discussed, but its adverse effects on soil micro flora is not yet understood. Soil Streptomycetes are beneficial to soil productivity and are of the major contributors to the biological buffering of soils having antagonistic activity against wide spectrum of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Streptomyceticidal activity of Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is being reported here. Adverse effect of MTBE against four soil-inhabitant Streptomyces spp. isolates and two plant root-pathogens was investigated. To elucidate antimicrobial activity of MTBE, it was tested against four soil isolates of Streptomyces; a plant bacterial-pathogen, Erwinia carotovora and a plant root fungal-pathogen, Fusarium solani. MTBE did not reveal any growth inhibitory-activity against E. carotovora and F. solani but showed strong inhibitory effect against Streptomyces spp. isolates. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was 1/800 of the original MTBE. Fuel leaks and spills can adversely suppress or eliminate the Streptomyces role in the soil causing alteration in the balance of soil micro flora. This change will lead to domination of microorganisms with adverse biological or ecological effects. Fortunately, major oil companies have decided to phase out MTBE from automobile fuels because of its adverse effect on environment and human health.

Management of human and animal bite wounds

Bite wounds, usually by dogs, cats, and human beings, affect one of two Americans during his or her lifetime and 1 to 2 million Americans annually. Despite the relative frequency of bite wounds, there are few prospective studies to define optimal care; consequently, diverse methods are used. In this article I review the incidence, bacteriology, clinical spectrum, complications, and treatment of animal and human bite wounds. The spectrum of pathogenic bacteria that cause bite infections is broader than is generally appreciated and includes both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Pasteurella multocida is found in only 20% to 25% of dog bite wounds. In choosing empiric antimicrobial therapy, clinicians must consider the diverse causative bacteria and their characteristic susceptibility patterns. Liberal irrigation and elevation of the injured part are also cornerstones of therapy. Early, aggressive medical and surgical management can minimize, if not prevent, complications.

State of the Art Review: An Epidemiological Approach to the Health Effects of Wastewater Reuse

The reuse of wastewaters for agricultural irrigation can be a means of reducing the pollution of surface waters including those in coastal areas used for bathing. The wastewater stream of a community carries within it the complete spectrum of pathogenic bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths which are endemic in the community. These pathogens can survive sufficiently long in the soil or on crops to infect, at least in theory, persons coming in direct contact. Thus, it is important to establish a sound epidemiological basis for health regulations related to the reuse of wastewater in agriculture. This paper presents the theoretical epidemiological considerations that should serve as the basis for a predictive model of the potential risks associated with wastewater irrigation. Empirical data from credible, quantifiable epidemiological studies have here been reviewed to validate the theoretical model. For developing countries, the authors have concluded that the ranking of pathogens as to the degree of risk associated with wastewater irrigation is as follows: high risk - helminths, medium risk - bacteria and protozoa and low risk - viruses.In order to effectively reduce the concentration of these pathogens wastewater treatment is recommended as the most effective control strategy.